Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"Filling the void: Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of helminths assemblage from the Egyptian egret Bubulcus ibis","authors":"Nada A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ismail M. Shalaby ,&nbsp;Mahi A. Ghobashy ,&nbsp;Azza A. Taeleb ,&nbsp;Elham A. Elkhawass","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cattle egret (<em>B. ibis</em>) as a common wader birds in Egypt, they act a sole reservoir for many parasites and play a vital role in their life cycle and their distribution in their environment. The study was conducted from September 2020 to August 2021. A total of 180 <em>B. ibis</em> were collected from Al Qantara Gharb, Ismailia province, Egypt. Parasite species identification infecting cattle egret included morphological and morphometric characteristics based on light and scanning microscopy. Additionally, utilizing the partial small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA, ITS2 and ITS1) gene sequence, maximum parsimony was used to infer the phylogeny of the recovered species. The morphological and molecular studies revealed three helminths. Only one nematode (<em>Desportesius invaginatus</em>, linstow,1901) and two trematodes (<em>Patagifer bilobus</em>, Dietz,1909 and <em>Apharyngostrigea cornu</em>, Zeder,1800) have been identified. The cattle egret (<em>B. ibis</em>) are protagonists in the life cycle of many parasites. The study is considered the first in Egypt to fill the gap of phylogenetic analysis of three helminths; two of them (<em>A. cornu</em> and <em>P. bilobus</em>) were the first to be molecular phylogenetically analyzed in Egypt. The molecular data provided set the conspecific relation of the three identified helminths species with other related helminths. The new identified sequences will help in founding the basis for forthcoming identifications of other helminths species from cattle egret in Egypt and prospective view to possible parasitic assemblage affecting egret population and other animal populations in their environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102972"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metazoan parasite fauna of grey mullet (Mugilidae) from the coastal waters of Vietnam","authors":"Evgenija Dmitrieva ,&nbsp;Violetta Yurakhno ,&nbsp;Vo Thi Ha ,&nbsp;Elina Chelebieva ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Vodiasova","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A total of 201 fishes of the family Mugilidae caught off central Vietnam (Nha Trang Bay) were examined for parasites. Eight species of Mugilidae were identified based on cytb and 16S rRNA sequences. Protozoa were not revealed. The metazoan parasites belong to six higher taxa. Myxozoa Grassé, 1970 is represented by six genera, three of which were first found in grey mullets off Vietnam. The specimens of Monogenea Van Beneden, 1858 belong to two genera: <em>Ligophorus</em> Euzet et Suriano, 1977 and <em>Metamicrocotyla</em> Yamaguti, 1953. Twelve species of the former were recorded for the first time both in the coastal waters of Vietnam and in the East Sea. Trematoda Rudolphi, 1808 is represented by the members of the four families, of which only three species, <em>Haplosplanchnus pachysoma</em> (Eysenhardt, 1892), <em>Pseudohaploporus planilizum</em> Atopkin, Besprozvannykh, Ha, Nguyen, Nguyen &amp; Chalenko, 2019 and <em>Spiritestis arabii</em> Nagaty, 1948, were identified. The latter was first recorded in the East Sea. Acanthocephala Rudolphi, 1808 specimens belong to the species <em>Neoechinorhynchus dimorphospinus</em> Amin &amp; Sey, 1996. Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 are represented by five families, of which only the copepod <em>Lernanthropsis mugilii</em> (Shishido, 1898) and the isopod <em>Nerocila orbignyi</em> (Guérin, 1832) were identified. Hirudinea Savigny, 1822 were not determined to genus and species level. A total of 25 species of parasites were found in the Mugilidae fishes examined in Nha Trang Bay. In general, 96 species of parasites are currently documented in these fishes in the East Sea, 55 of which occur off Vietnam. As a result of this study, carried out off central Vietnam, 16 parasite species were recorded in grey mullet for the first time in Vietnamese coastal waters and 15 for the first time in the East Sea. Thus, extending the geographical range of the studies may result in new records of parasites in these fishes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of Bivesiculoides (Digenea: Bivesiculidae) infecting atherinid fishes of the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia","authors":"Clarisse Louvard ,&nbsp;Scott C. Cutmore ,&nbsp;Thomas H. Cribb","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We describe a new species of Bivesiculidae, <em>Bivesiculoides maiae</em> n. sp., from <em>Hypoatherina tropicalis</em> (Whitley) (Atherinidae) collected from off Heron Island (southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia). <em>Bivesiculoides maiae</em> n. sp. is morphologically consistent with <em>Bivesiculoides</em> Yamaguti, 1938 in the entirely pre-testicular position of its uterus, and the possession of caeca and vitelline fields that extend posteriorly to level with the anterior extremity of the testis. The new species is morphologically distinct from the six known <em>Bivesiculoides</em> species in body size and shape, and shape of the pharynx and testis. <em>Bivesiculoides maiae</em> n. sp. is genetically distinct from the only other sequenced <em>Bivesiculoides</em> species, <em>Bivesiculoides fusiformis</em> Cribb, Bray &amp; Barker, 1994, with which it occurs sympatrically at Heron Island. A review of related species allows two systematic recombinations. In view of the pre-testicular position of its uterus, we recombine <em>Bivesicula hepsetiae</em> Manter, 1947 as <em>Bivesiculoides hepsetiae</em> (Manter, 1947) n. comb. In view of its obtriangular body shape, round pharynx, strongly elongated testis, and the position of its ovary opposite the testis, we recombine <em>Bivesiculoides triangularis</em> Machida &amp; Kuramochi, 2000 as <em>Treptodemoides triangularis</em> (Machida &amp; Kuramochi, 2000) n. comb. Host-specificity of species of <em>Bivesiculoides</em> and their geographic distributions are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102974"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trematode metacercariae parasitic in the estuarine crustacean Cyathura muromiensis Nunomura, 1974 (Peracarida: Isopoda: Anthuroidea)","authors":"Shoki Shiraki ,&nbsp;Keiichi Kakui","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This is the first report of trematodes parasitic in the estuarine isopod crustacean <em>Cyathura muromiensis</em>, and the fourth report from anthuroid isopods worldwide. From 52 of 54 host individuals collected qualitatively on the tidal flat of the Muromi River estuary, Fukuoka, Japan, 389 cysts of metacercariae were extracted (sample prevalence = 96.3 %). Host individuals contained from one to 71 metacercarial cysts. The range in cyst diameter was 172.3–252.1 μm, and the distribution of cyst sizes contained only one component. Cysts occurred in pereonites 2–7 and the pleon of the host, but not in the head, pereonite 1, or telson. There was no correlation between the number of cysts and host sex or size. Sequences of the nuclear “ITS1 region,” from the 3´ region of 18S rRNA to the 5´ region of internal transcribed spacer I gene (ITS1), from five cysts ranging in size from nearly the lowest diameter to the greatest diameter in our sample showed p-distances of 0.0–0.2 %, suggesting that all cysts obtained were conspecific. A phylogenetic reconstruction based on nuclear 28S rRNA gene sequences showed that the trematode belongs in the genus <em>Microphallus</em>. The definitive host of our trematode species is likely a bird, since the definitive hosts of microphallids are chiefly birds, and birds are known to prey on <em>Cyathura</em> isopods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of trypanosomes in tsetse fly caught in two “silent” sleeping sickness foci of Bafia and the Manoka Island in Cameroon","authors":"Sartrien Kanté Tagueu PhD ,&nbsp;Jean Arthur Mbida Mbida assistant professor ,&nbsp;Florentine Mamia Grace ,&nbsp;Rolin Mitterran Kamga Ndéfo PhD ,&nbsp;Gael Atangana Bita ,&nbsp;Rostand Joël Atiokeng Tatang PhD ,&nbsp;Alphonse Acho ,&nbsp;Flobert Njiokou Pr ,&nbsp;Gustave Simo Pr","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Surveillance of “silent” human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) foci is important for the achievement of the World Health Organization (WHO) goal of interrupting the transmission of this disease by 2030. It is in this context that this study was carried out to determine the trypanosome species circulating in the “silent” HAT foci of Bafia and the Manoka island in Cameroon.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In the Bafia and Manoka HAT foci, georeferenced pyramidal traps were used to trap tsetse flies. After DNA extraction from each whole fly, molecular tools were used to detect different trypanosome species as well as the origin of tsetse fly blood meals. Geographical information system was used to map the trypanosome infections and entomological data and to localize areas at high risk for trypanosome transmission.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For this study, 1683 tsetse flies were caught and the relative apparent densities was 2.96: 0.03 in the Bafia HAT focus and 5.23 in the Manoka island. For the molecular identification of trypanosomes, 708 non-teneral tsetse flies (8 from Bafia and 700 from Manoka) were randomly selected. The overall trypanosome infection rate was 7.34 % with no infection in the Bafia HAT focus. Among the analysed flies, 4.57 % had trypanosomes of the subgenus <em>Trypanozoon</em> while 4.1 % and 1.13 % had respectively <em>T. congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em>. The most common mixed infections were the combination of trypanosomes of the subgenus <em>Trypanozoon</em> and <em>T. congolense</em>. Of the 708 tsetse flies analysed, 134 (18.93 %) tsetse flies were found with residual blood meals, 94 % and 6 % were respectively from humans and dogs. The trapping sites of Plateau, Sandje and Hospital appeared as the areas where contact with tsetse flies is most common.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study revealed a discrepancy in the abundance tsetse flies as well as the trypanosome infection rates in tsetse of the two “silent” HAT foci of Cameroon. The detection of different trypanosome species in tsetse from the Manoka Island highlights their transmission. The high percentage of human blood meals in tsetse flies indicates an important contact between tsetse flies and human; emphasizing the risk of trypanosome transmission to human in this island.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caligus minimus Otto, 1821 (Copepoda: Caligidae): A commercially important but poorly described parasite of cultured European Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"Alper Yanar ,&nbsp;Seyit Ali Kamanli ,&nbsp;Serdar Sönmez ,&nbsp;İlhem Hamdi ,&nbsp;Argun Akif Özak ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Allan Boxshall","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Caligus minimus</em> Otto, 1821 has been known for over two centuries and it is the second oldest of the approximately 275 species of <em>Caligus</em> O. F. Müller, 1985. Despite the numerous records of this species from European waters, it has never been fully described to modern standards. The lack of a comprehensive modern description has resulted in numerous misidentifications, even in recently published reports, and this is especially problematic for a species that is known to have a significant economic impact in aquaculture. This study presents a detailed description of both sexes and documents newly observed features of <em>C. minimus</em> collected from the buccal cavity of farmed European Sea Bass (ESB), <em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em> (Linnaeus, 1758). The morphology of <em>C. minimus</em> was examined using light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and new details are revealed regarding the structure and ornamentation of the marginal membrane of the cephalothorax, maxilliped, antenna, sternal furca, abdomen, and legs 1, 3, 4, and 6. The ornamentation of the marginal membrane of the cephalothorax is unique and its impact on the functioning of the cephalothoracic sucker requires further investigation. Additionally, partial <em>COI</em> gene region sequences were obtained from four individuals of <em>C. minimus</em> and provided for future references. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted in conjunction with <em>Caligus</em> sequences available in the NCBI GenBank database.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102964"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary infection by Lophomonas spp. and Aspergillus spp. in a B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia patient from Chile","authors":"Isabel Iturrieta-González ,&nbsp;Enzo Moenen-Locoz ,&nbsp;Alejandro Hidalgo ,&nbsp;Fernando Vega ,&nbsp;Johanna Cabrera ,&nbsp;Carla Concha ,&nbsp;Carolina Chahin ,&nbsp;Javier Briones ,&nbsp;Flery Fonseca-Salamanca","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flagellated protozoan <em>Lophomonas</em> spp. is a commensal microorganism found in the intestinal tracts of cockroaches, termites, mites, and certain birds. It is the causative agent of a rare infection in humans called lophomoniasis, primarily affecting the lungs and mainly immunocompromised individuals. This parasitosis is transmitted to humans by air or through ingestion of the cystic forms of the parasite. We describe the case of a 50-year-old patient treated at a tertiary hospital in southern Chile with a history of B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. Radiological findings, along with increased levels of inflammatory parameters and galactomannan antigen in serum and Bronchoaveolar Lavage (BAL) raised the suspicion of a pulmonary infection. Microscopic study of BAL revealed oval to pyriform cells with mobile flagella at the anterior end, which were identified as <em>Lophomonas</em> spp. trophozoites, which based on EORTC/MSG criteria were associated with diagnosis of a probable pulmonary aspergillosis. Lophomoniasis was treated with metronidazole (500 mg IV every 8 h) for 14 days and pulmonary aspergillosis required a combination of fluconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, liposomal amphotericin B and isavuconazole. The patient responded favorably and was discharged after 95 days of hospitalization. This case highlights the importance of recognizing lophomoniasis as a parasitic infection in respiratory samples from immunocompromised patients who present pulmonary symptoms, especially those who do not respond satisfactorily to conventional antimicrobial treatments. Further research is needed to understand the various sources of <em>Lophomonas</em> spp. infection and develop infection prevention strategies particularly for high-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102971"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel triplex-PCR assay for the identification of feline hemoplasma species and survey of hemoplasma species in cats in Türkiye","authors":"Kursat Altay ,&nbsp;Alparslan Coskun ,&nbsp;Ufuk Erol ,&nbsp;Omer Faruk Sahin ,&nbsp;Sefer Turk","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three hemoplasma species, <em>Mycoplasma haemofelis, Candidatus</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum, and <em>Candidatus</em> Mycoplasma turicensis, have been identified in domestic and wild felids. <em>M. haemofelis</em> may cause severe clinical manifestations in domestic cats, whereas others can lead to mild infections. Identification of these pathogens is done using molecular diagnostic tools like conventional-PCR or real-time PCR. However, these have disadvantages, such as the failure to differentiate species or high cost. This study aimed to develop a triplex-PCR method for the diagnosis and discrimination of feline hemoplasma species. Furthermore, it is aimed at providing molecular data on the epidemiology of feline hemoplasma species in Türkiye, where there is a paucity of information on these pathogens. Triplex-PCR primers amplifying the <em>16S rRNA</em> gene regions of <em>M. haemofelis</em> (1022 bp), <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum (607 bp), and <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma turicensis (456 bp) species were designed and optimized. Moreover, the detection limits of the method were also determined and it was found that the primers could detect 0.001 ng/μL amount of DNA for <em>M. haemofelis</em>, 0.0001 ng/μL for <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum, and 0.0002 ng/μL for <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma turicensis in the sample. 286 cat blood samples obtained from Sivas province were researched for feline hemoplasma species. Feline hemoplasma species were detected in samples of 29 out of 286 cats (10.23 %). Five samples (1.74 %) were infected with only <em>M. haemofelis,</em> whereas 22 (7.69 %) were only infected with <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum. Two samples (0.69 %) were found to be infected with both <em>M. haemofelis</em> and <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma haemominutum. <em>Ca.</em> Mycoplasma turicensis was not detected in this study. A triplex-PCR method that can be used for the identification and species differentiation of feline hemoplasma species in hosts was developed. Moreover, hemoplasma species were found to be circulating in cats in the study area, and it is recommended that veterinarians and animal owners take the necessary precautions to protect themselves and their cats from these pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102969"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study of intestinal protist detection in humans, animals, and the environment in a slum area in Mymensingh, Bangladesh","authors":"Sadiya Maxamhud ,&nbsp;Md Shahiduzzaman ,&nbsp;A.R.M. Beni Amin ,&nbsp;Md. Zawad Hossain ,&nbsp;Eleni Gentekaki ,&nbsp;Anastasios D. Tsaousis","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and transmission of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., <em>Blastocystis</em> sp.<em>, Giardia intestinalis</em> and <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> between different hosts and their shared environment in a slum area of Bangladesh. A total of 102 samples were collected from Mymensingh, Bangladesh. This collection encompassed 16 human samples, 35 soil samples and 51 animal samples from various households within the region. The detection of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., <em>Blastocystis</em> sp., <em>G. intestinalis</em>, and <em>E. histolytica</em> was carried out using nested PCR and/or quantitative PCR methodologies. Among the samples, 24 human, animal, and soil out of 102 were found positive for <em>Blastocystis</em> sp., spanning seven subtypes: ST2, ST3, ST7, ST10, ST23, ST24 and ST25. Additionally, eight samples (8/102) including human, animal and soil tested positive for <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., including <em>C. parvum, C. baileyi, C. bovis,</em> and <em>C. meleagridis</em>. Furthermore, one soil sample tested positive for <em>G. intestinalis</em> assemblage B, while no samples tested positive for <em>E. histolytica</em>. The detection of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., <em>Blastocystis</em> sp., and <em>G. intestinalis</em> in this study has provided insights into their presence, extending beyond humans. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of embracing a One Health perspective with an emphasis on specific parasitic microorganisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383576924001181/pdfft?md5=be3732ca356ad1ec57a14ddbe42802a8&pid=1-s2.0-S1383576924001181-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and bio-efficacy of agro-waste plant extracts and their potential as bioinsecticides against Culex pipiens mosquitoes","authors":"Mohamed M. Baz ,&nbsp;Mohamed A.M. El-Tabakh ,&nbsp;Abdelfattah Selim ,&nbsp;Saeed M. Alasmari ,&nbsp;Abeer Mousa Alkhaibari ,&nbsp;Mohammed H. Alruhaili ,&nbsp;Hattan S. Gattan ,&nbsp;Heba F. Abdelkhalek","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosquitoes are considered one of the most lethal creatures on the planet and are responsible for millions of fatalities annually through the transmission of several diseases to humans. Green trash is commonly employed in agricultural fertilizer manufacturing and microbial bioprocesses for energy production. However, there is limited information available on the conversion of green waste into biocides. This study investigates the viability of utilizing green waste as a new biopesticide against <em>Culex pipiens</em> mosquito larvae. The current study found that plant extracts from <em>Punica granatum</em> (98.4 % mortality), <em>Citrus sinensis</em> (92 % mortality), <em>Brassica oleracea</em> (88 % mortality), <em>Oryza sativa</em> (81.6 % mortality), and <em>Colocasia esculenta</em> (53.6 % mortality) were very good at killing <em>Cx. pipiens</em> larvae 24 h post-treatment. The LC₅₀ values were 314.43, 370.72, 465.59, 666.67, and 1798.03 ppm for <em>P. granatum, C. sinensis, B. oleracea, O. sativa,</em> and <em>C. esculenta</em>, respectively. All plant extracts, particularly <em>P. granatum</em> extract (14.93 and 41.87 U/g), showed a significant reduction in acid and alkaline phosphate activity. Additionally, pomegranate extract showed a significant decrease (90 %) in field larval density, with a stability of up to five days post-treatment. GC–MS results showed more chemical classes, such as terpenes, esters, fatty acids, alkanes, and phenolic compounds. HPLC analysis revealed that the analyzed extracts had a high concentration of phenolic and flavonoid components. Moreover, there are many variations among these plants in the amount of each compound. The docking interaction showed a simulation of the atomic-level interaction between a protein and a small molecule through the binding site of target proteins, explaining the most critical elements influencing the enzyme's activity or inhibitions. The study's findings showed that the various phytochemicals found in agro-waste plants had high larvicidal activity and provide a safe and efficient substitute to conventional pesticides for pest management, as well as a potential future in biotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}