Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"Low schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis prevalence and intensities in selected communities in Davao de Oro and Davao del Norte, the Philippines: A setting for interruption of transmission?","authors":"Vicente Y. Belizario Jr ,&nbsp;Aleyla E. de Cadiz ,&nbsp;Olivia T. Sison ,&nbsp;John Robert C. Medina ,&nbsp;Lynnell Alexie D. Ong ,&nbsp;Allen Jethro I. Alonte","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasitic neglected tropical diseases, such as schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), remain as significant public health concerns in developing countries such as the Philippines. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of <strong>schistosomiasis</strong> and STH among school-age children (SAC) and adults in two co-endemic provinces in Mindanao in southern Philippines as part of monitoring of <strong>national</strong> control programs. Stool samples were collected, processed using Kato-Katz technique, and examined microscopically for presence of intestinal helminth ova. A total of 776 SAC and 526 adults participated in the study. Low schistosomiasis <strong>prevalence was</strong> generally observed in SAC (0.8%) and adults (0.4%). Generally low STH <strong>prevalence was</strong> reported in both SAC (3.9%) and adults (3.4%). Only three SAC had heavy intensity STH, which was not seen in adults. Results indicate a state of good morbidity control, which may be a result of effective implementation of mass drug administration (MDA) strategy for schistosomiasis, STH, and lymphatic filariasis in the last several years. The low <strong>prevalence</strong> and intensities of infections may also be partly attributed to the low diagnostic sensitivity of Kato-Katz technique in detecting low intensity intestinal helminth infections. While results of this study also indicate similarly low levels of both these infections in previous studies, sustaining high MDA coverage rates and addressing remaining challenges related to intensified case finding and treatment, improvements in safe water, sanitation, and hygiene, veterinary public health, and vector ecology and management will be necessary to interrupt transmission in these areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectoparasites of the Critically Endangered green sawfish Pristis zijsron and sympatric elasmobranchs in Western Australia","authors":"Jack Ingelbrecht ,&nbsp;Karissa O. Lear ,&nbsp;Storm B. Martin ,&nbsp;Alan J. Lymbery ,&nbsp;Bradley M. Norman ,&nbsp;Geoffrey A. Boxshall ,&nbsp;David L. Morgan","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study reports the metazoan ectoparasite fauna of juvenile Critically Endangered green sawfish, <em>Pristis zijsron</em>, and sympatric elasmobranchs in Western Australia. Five parasite taxa were found on 76 screened <em>P. zijsron</em>: <em>Caligus furcisetifer</em> (Copepoda: Caligidae), <em>Dermopristis pterophila</em> (Monogenea: Microbothriidae), <em>Branchellion plicobranchus</em> and <em>Stibarobdella macrothela</em> (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae), and praniza larvae of an unidentified gnathiid isopod. Only <em>C</em>. <em>furcisetifer</em> and <em>D</em>. <em>pterophila</em> were common, exhibiting discrepant site-specificity, with <em>C</em>. <em>furcisetifer</em> occurring mostly on the head and rostrum, and <em>D</em>. <em>pterophila</em> around the pectoral and pelvic fins. Intensity of infection for <em>C</em>. <em>furcisetifer</em> and <em>D</em>. <em>pterophila</em> increased with host total length and was influenced by host sex, but in opposite directions; intensity of <em>C</em>. <em>furcisetifer</em> was greater on female <em>P. zijsron</em>, whereas intensity of <em>D</em>. <em>pterophila</em> was greater on males. In the Ashburton River, likelihood of infection for <em>C</em>. <em>furcisetifer</em> and <em>D</em>. <em>pterophila</em> on <em>P. zijsron</em> increased with time since substantial freshwater discharge events, suggesting decreased salinity impacts both taxa. In addition to <em>P. zijsron</em>, five other sympatric elasmobranch species were opportunistically screened for ectoparasites in the study area: the giant shovelnose ray, <em>Glaucostegus typus</em>, the eyebrow wedgefish, <em>Rhynchobatus palpebratus</em>, the nervous shark, <em>Carcharhinus cautus</em>, the lemon shark, <em>Negaprion acutidens</em>, and the graceful shark, <em>Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides</em>. <em>Caligus furcisetifer</em> was found on <em>R. palpebratus</em>; no other parasites of <em>P. zijsron</em> were found on other sympatric elasmobranch species. Conversely, <em>Perissopus dentatus</em> (Copepoda: Pandaridae) was found on all three carcharhinids but not on batoid rays (<em>P. zijsron</em>, <em>G. typus</em> or <em>R</em>. <em>palpebratus</em>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383576924000515/pdfft?md5=9dcb9f1476f3e6fc6b4b06a8e998d00c&pid=1-s2.0-S1383576924000515-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superb bio-effectiveness of Cobalt (II) phthalocyanine and Ag NPs adorned Sm-doped ZnO nanorods/cuttlefish bone to annihilate Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae and adult worms: In-vitro evaluation","authors":"Fatma E.A. Bayaumy ,&nbsp;Sameh A. Rizk ,&nbsp;Atef S. Darwish","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, innovative biocides are designed for the treatment of <em>Trichinella spiralis</em> muscle larvae (ML) and adult worms. Samarium-doped ZnO nanorods (Sm-doped ZnO) are stabilized onto the laminar structure of cuttlefish bone (CB) matrix and adorned by either Ag NPs or cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) species. Physicochemical characteristics of such nanocomposites are scrutinised. Adorning of Sm-doped ZnO/CB with Ag NPs shortens rod-like shaped Sm-doped ZnO nanoparticles and accrues them, developing large-sized detached patches over CB moiety. Meanwhile, adorning of Sm-doped ZnO/CB by CoPc species degenerates CB lamellae forming semi-rounded platelets and encourages invading of Sm-doped ZnO nanorods deeply inside gallery spacings of CB. Both nanocomposites possess advanced parasiticidal activity, displaying quite intoxication for ML and adult worms (≥88% mortality) within an incubation period of &lt;48 h at concentrations around 200 μg/ml. CoPc@Sm-doped ZnO/CB nanocomposite exhibits faster killing efficiency of adult worms than that of Ag@Sm-doped ZnO/CB at a concentration of ∼75 μg/ml showing entire destruction of parasite after 24 h incubation with the former nanocomposite and just 60% worm mortality after 36 h exposure to the later one. Morphological studies of the treated ML and adult worms show that CoPc@Sm-doped ZnO/CB exhibits a destructive impact on the parasite body, creating featureless and sloughed fragments enriched with intensive vacuoles. Hybridization of cuttlefish bone lamellae by CoPc species is considered a springboard for fabrication of futuristic aggressive drugs against various food- and water-borne parasites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-infection of Helicobacter Pylori and intestinal parasites in children of selected Low-income communities in Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Aniekwe ,&nbsp;T. Jolaiya ,&nbsp;A. Ajayi ,&nbsp;I.A. Adeleye ,&nbsp;M. Gerhard ,&nbsp;S.I. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> and intestinal parasites cause gastrointestinal diseases with a high prevalence in children in resource limited developing countries. There is paucity of information in Nigeria on co-infection of <em>H. pylori</em> and intestinal parasites. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of <em>H. pylori</em> and parasite co-infection in children from selected low-income communities in Lagos, Nigeria. Fecal samples were collected from 151 healthy children aged ≤11 years across six low-income communities in Lagos. <em>H. pylori</em> was detected using stool antigen test and conventional PCR assay, intestinal parasites were detected using formol-ether concentration and nested PCR assay. Structured questionnaires were administered to parents and legal guardians of the children by an interviewer to collect relevant data on demographic and lifestyle factors. The prevalence of <em>H. pylori</em> was 31.79% (48), with a higher prevalence in children aged 2–3 years. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 21.19% (32) with the lowest frequency found in children aged 8–9 years. The parasites detected include: <em>A. lumbricoides</em> (10.6%), <em>G. intestinalis</em> (7.3%), hookworm (1.99%), <em>E. histolytica</em> (0.66%), <em>S. mansoni</em> (0.66%). There was co-infection prevalence of 10.6% (16) which was associated with the parasites: <em>G. intestinalis</em> (7.3%) and <em>A. lumbricoides</em> (3.97%). Polyparasitism with <em>G. intestinalis</em> and <em>A. lumbricoides</em> was reported in 2 children infected with <em>H. pylori</em>. This study which is the first reported in Lagos established a low prevalence of <em>H. pylori</em> and intestinal parasite co-infection in children and provides better understanding of the epidemiology of <em>H. pylori</em> infection associated with intestinal parasites in Nigeria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102896"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro regulation of gene expression of pregnancy-associated proteins and cytokines in bovine endometrial epithelial cells and bovine trophoblastic cells by infection with Neospora caninum","authors":"Hanan H. Abdelbaky ,&nbsp;Naomi Shimoda ,&nbsp;Ihshan Akthar ,&nbsp;Shu Nakamura ,&nbsp;Md Hasibul Hasan ,&nbsp;Nanako Ushio ,&nbsp;Akio Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Nishikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Abortion caused by the parasite <em>Neospora caninum</em> is an important threat to the livestock industry worldwide. Trophoblasts and caruncular cells play major roles in initiating innate immune responses and controlling parasite infection at the fetal-maternal interface. In the present study, bovine uterine epithelial cells (BUECs) and bovine trophoblastic (BT) cells treated with bovine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IFN-alpha (IFN-α) and IFN-tau (IFN-τ) followed by infection with <em>N. caninum</em> were examined by measuring the mRNA expression levels of numerous pregnancy-associated proteins and observing parasite growth to elucidate the host-parasite interaction at the uteroplacental region. <em>N. caninum</em> infection increased the expression of prolactin-related protein 1 (PRP1), pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (PAG1), and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10) in BUECs and of IL-8 in BT cells. Bovine IFN-γ inhibited IL-8 and TNF-α expression in BUECs and IL-8 in BT cells. In contrast, the expression of the interferon-stimulated gene OAS1 was significantly increased by treatment of the infected BT cells with IFN-γ. However, treatment with bovine IFNs did not inhibit <em>N. caninum</em> growth in either cell line. In conclusion, our results suggest that bovine IFN-γ plays a crucial role in control of pathogenesis in uterus and induction of inflammatory response in the placental region following <em>N. caninum</em> infection, rather than growth inhibition of the parasites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The vicuna (Vicugna vicugna) as a natural host of Dictyocaulus filaria in Peru","authors":"Luis A. Gomez-Puerta ,&nbsp;José M. Angulo-Tisoc ,&nbsp;Joel I. Pacheco","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lungworm infection, or verminous pneumonia, is a parasitic disease that causes serious problems in small and large ruminants. Despite the fact that nematodes of the genus <em>Dictyocaulus</em> in cattle and sheep are the main cause of this disease, there are few studies on the natural infections of South American camelids. For this reason, this study aims to report the natural infection by <em>Dictyocaulus filaria</em> in vicunas (<em>Vicugna vicugna</em>) for the first time. During a shearing season (<em>chaku</em>) in Cuzco, Peru, two accidentally killed adult vicunas were submitted to the IVITA-Marangani research center in Cuzco for their respective necropsies. The tracheas of both vicunas had numerous nematodes, as seen during the necropsy. The nematodes were collected in 70% ethanol and were morphologically identified as <em>D. filaria</em>. Likewise, the DNA of six nematodes was extracted, and the ITS2 region and the 28S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of both genetic markers were up to 100% identical with previously reported <em>D. filaria</em> DNA sequences found in the goat yearlings from Turkey, sheep from Iran, Turkey, and India, and the argali from Uzbekistan, which confirmed the morphological diagnosis. This finding represents the first molecular confirmation of a natural <em>D. filaria</em> infection in a South American camelid. It will be necessary to carry out future studies to know the current situation of verminous pneumonia in domestic and wild South American camelids and to know the negative effects of the disease on them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasmic encephalitis with high 201Tl uptake and retention mimicking malignant lymphoma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection","authors":"Shingen Nakamura ,&nbsp;Keijiro Hara ,&nbsp;Tomoko Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Ryohei Sumitani ,&nbsp;Masahiro Oura ,&nbsp;Yusaku Maeda ,&nbsp;Kimiko Sogabe ,&nbsp;Hikaru Yagi ,&nbsp;Mamiko Takahashi ,&nbsp;Shiro Fujii ,&nbsp;Takeshi Harada ,&nbsp;Yoshimi Bando ,&nbsp;Masahiro Abe ,&nbsp;Hirokazu Miki","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Various opportunistic infections develop during immunodeficiency due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The treatment options for malignant lymphoma (ML) and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) are completely different; therefore, their discrimination is critical. A 25-year-old female of foreign nationality had been experiencing headaches for several weeks and suddenly developed convulsions. Brain computed tomography revealed multiple intracranial lesions; therefore, the patient was referred to the neurosurgery department. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple masses with surrounding edema, accompanied by enhanced contrast. The largest mass (2 cm) in the left occipital lobe exhibited ringed contrast enhancement. Her blood test results showed a CD4 count of 40/μL, positive HIV Ag/Ab, HIV-RNA level of 56 × 10⁴ copies/mL, positive anti-<em>Toxoplasma</em> IgG (63 IU/mL), and negative anti-<em>Toxoplasma</em> IgM. ²⁰¹Tl- single photon emission computed tomography (²⁰¹Tl-SPECT) revealed abnormal accumulation only in the tumor in the left occipital lobe (early T/N ratio, 3.034; delayed T/N ratio, 2.738; retention index, 0.9), which was suspected to be a ML. Both tumors, with or without high accumulation of ²⁰¹Tl, were subjected to craniotomy biopsy. Pathological examination revealed infiltration of small lymphocytes with a necrotic background. The patient was diagnosed with TE based on a positive result of a tissue polymerase chain reaction test for <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. Two weeks after sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination therapy, MRI imaging showed dramatic improvement in multiple brain tumors. This case is atypical because ML was ruled out despite high ²⁰¹Tl-SPECT uptake and retention. Careful diagnosis through pathological examination and DNA testing is important.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative morphology of eggs of Rhodnius domesticus Neiva & Pinto, Rhodnius neglectus Lent and Rhodnius prolixus Stål (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)","authors":"Allan Pitta Seabra,&nbsp;João Paulo Sales Oliveira-Correia,&nbsp;Cleber Galvão","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Rhodnius</em> species are potential vectors of the etiological agent of Chagas disease (CD), the protozoan <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em>. CD impacts around seven million people in Latin America, resulting in approximately fourteen thousand deaths per year. Several species of <em>Rhodnius</em> are notable not only for their epidemiological relevance, but also for the challenging distinction between their species. <em>Rhodnius</em> has twenty species, each with its specific epidemiological importance. <em>Rhodnius neglectus</em> and <em>Rhodnius prolixus</em> are found with colonies in domiciliary environments<em>.</em> The observation of eggs in human dwellings signals the colonization process of these insects, increasing the risk of contamination of the population, since correct identification of eggs is necessary to help more effective vector control programs. Here we highlight diagnostic characters of eggs for these three species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102894"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of three new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) on bitterling fishes (Acheilognathinae) from China","authors":"Xiao Jin ,&nbsp;Houda Cheng ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Hong Zou ,&nbsp;Jia Cai ,&nbsp;Kwaku Amoah ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Li ,&nbsp;Guitang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three new species of <em>Gyrodactylus</em> are described from three species of bitterling in Donghu Lake, China: <em>Gyrodactylus ocellorhodei</em> n. sp. from <em>Rhodeus ocellatus</em>; <em>G. sinenorhodei</em> n. sp. from <em>Rhodeus sinensis</em>; and <em>G. acheilorhodei</em> n. sp. from <em>Acheilognathus macropterus</em>. All the three new species showed similar opisthaptor morphology, especially the marginal hooks: all had a slender and perpendicular sickle shaft, and flat sickle base with distinct heel and inner arch which was different from the <em>G. rhodei</em>-group species parasitic on bitterling. Multivariate analyses based on hamulus and marginal hooks suggested that these three new species cannot be completely distinguished, despite some morphology divergence observed in certain less reliable morphometric features, such as hamulus root length, ventral bar total length and process shape. These three new species shared an identical 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence, while the variation in the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS1-ITS2) sequence among them (8.4–11.2%, K2P) far exceeded the 1% ITS sequence difference that had been suggested as a threshold for species delimitation of <em>Gyrodactylus</em>. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS1-ITS2 showed that all these sequenced <em>Gyrodactylus</em> spp. parasitic on the subfamily Acheilognathinae host formed a monophyletic group. However, a clear differentiation (18.9–20.9%, K2P of ITS1-ITS2) could be found between the subgroup from China (<em>G. ocellorhodei</em> n. sp., <em>G. sinenorhodei</em> n. sp. and <em>G. acheilorhodei</em> n. sp.) and that from Europe (<em>G. rhodei</em>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140540575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a novel protein localized to the crystalloid of the Plasmodium ookinete","authors":"Mayumi Tachibana ,&nbsp;Minami Baba ,&nbsp;Hideyuki Iriko ,&nbsp;Naoaki Shinzawa ,&nbsp;Motomi Torii ,&nbsp;Tomoko Ishino","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2024.102892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2024.102892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reducing <em>Plasmodium</em> parasite transmission via the mosquito vector is a promising strategy for malaria control and elimination in endemic regions. In the mosquito midgut after the ingestion of an infected blood meal, malaria parasite gametes egress from erythrocytes and fertilize to develop into motile ookinetes that traverse midgut epithelial cells and transform into oocysts adjacent the basal lamina. <em>Plasmodium</em> ookinetes and young oocysts possess a unique organelle called the crystalloid; which has a honeycomb-like matrix structure and is indicated to be involved in sporozoite formation and maturation. In this study, we identified a novel crystalloid protein, PY17X_1113800, that is exclusively expressed in developing ookinetes. The protein possesses a signal peptide sequence, but lacks a transmembrane domain or GPI anchor signal sequence, as well as predicted adhesive domains which are characterisitic of many crystalloid proteins. The protein is highly conserved across the phylum Apicomplexa and within the greater clade Alveolata, such as <em>Vitrella</em> and the ciliates <em>Paramecium</em> and <em>Tetrahymena</em>, but is absent in cryptosporidia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}