Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of prevalence and strongyle egg counts per gram of feces in horses at pasture and in stables following ivermectin/praziquantel treatment.","authors":"Seung-Ho Ryu, Sung-Jun An, Eliot Forbes, Byung-Sun Kim, Seongjun Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Equine strongyle infections are prevalent among grazing horses worldwide, yet research on anthelmintic efficacy and parasite management strategies in South Korea remains limited. This study investigated the infection dynamics and parasite burden in horses managed under different systems (pasture vs. stable) over a one-year period in Jeju, South Korea, assessing the impact of management practices on parasite burden and the effectiveness of current deworming regimens. Thirty-two horses were administered ivermectin/praziquantel in June 2022 and assigned to either pasture (n = 16) or stable (n = 16) groups. Each group was further divided based on deworming intervals (3-6-3 months vs. 9-3 months). Monthly egg per gram (EPG) counts of strongyle eggs were conducted to evaluate seasonal variations in parasite burden. Results indicated that stabled horses maintained near-zero EPG levels year-round, whereas pasture-managed horses exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations, with EPG values peaking in summer and autumn before declining in spring. Deworming intervals had minimal impact on parasite burden in stabled horses. However, pasture horses showed varying reinfection risks, with the highest EPG value increase occurring in summer. These findings suggest that routine three-month deworming may be excessive for stabled horses but adequate for pasture-managed horses due to higher reinfection rates. Instead, targeted selective treatment based on EPG monitoring is recommended as a more effective and sustainable parasite control strategy to optimize deworming regimens and mitigate anthelmintic resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scanning electron microscopy based survey of the impact of infestation by parasitic freshwater mussel glochidia upon the gill morphology of two species of salmonid fish","authors":"Sebastian L. Rock ,&nbsp;Victor R. Townsend Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unionid mussels are a distinct order possessing a parasitic life history stage known as a glochidium that generally infests the gills of fish. Upon contacting the host tissue, the glochidium ‘bites’ down causing minor surface trauma but leaving most structural tissue unharmed. Host tissue immediately reacts and encompasses the larval mussel in a cyst where, if able to survive, the glochidia will develop and ultimately excyst as free-living mussels; in the case of the freshwater pearl mussel (<em>Margaritifera margaritifera</em>) adults can live in the sediment for up to 200+ years. While many histological studies have detailed both the encystment process and larval development with a fair degree of detail, few have utilized scanning electron microscopy to add further prospective. Few have investigated the effects of juvenile mussel excystment on host tissue. The freshwater pearl mussel is the longest encysting unionid mussel, remaining on their hosts for close to a year. Here, we investigate three stages of freshwater pearl mussel glochidia development on two host salmonid species (<em>Salmo trutta</em> and <em>S. salar</em>). Our survey supports previously published results and suggests that juvenile mussel excystment causes significantly more harm to host tissue than initial encystment. We provide a large library of images as supplements to this survey for both researchers and educators to use as references, either for educational purposes or out of general interest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impacts of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the spatial distribution of Fasciola spp. in the Gilan province, Iran.","authors":"Shirin Khodabakhsh Arbat, Behnam Meshgi, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Seyed Hossein Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the correlation between large-scale climate phenomena, particularly El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the distribution of Fasciola species in Gilan province, Iran. Climate change significantly impacts animal health, particularly through vector-borne diseases. Fasciola spp. is highly sensitive to temperature and soil moisture conditions, making its relationship with climate complex and influenced by various meteorological variables. ENSO and NAO index data were obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Local meteorological data from 4 Gilan stations and Fasciola spp. distribution data were collected for 20-year period. Correlation analysis between climate factors and Fasciola spp. distribution was performed, considering time lags at 95 % confidence level. Results showed a significant relationship (P-value <0.05) between monthly precipitation, ENSO indices (Southern Oscillation Index, Oceanic Niño Index, Multivariate ENSO Index), and the NAO index with varying time lags. Fasciola spp. distribution in livestock demonstrated significant correlations with the SOI index (negative correlation) and the ONI index (positive correlation), as well as strong negative correlations with average monthly temperature, soil temperature, and wet temperature. In conclusion, the distribution of Fasciola spp. based on the ONI index, was generally higher in years with El Niño events than in years with La Niña events. El Niño's increased rainfall creates ideal conditions for intermediate host snails, facilitating Fasciola spp. transmission. Conversely, La Niña's drier conditions restrict intermediate host survival, decreasing Fasciola spp. distribution. These findings enhance understanding of Fasciola spp. transmission dynamics in Gilan, aiding development of climate-responsive control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103069"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New compound, new hope: The potential of MED6–189 in the fight against malaria","authors":"Nimra Khan ,&nbsp;Ayesha Nawaz ,&nbsp;Aimun Shabbir","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103070"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Centrocestus formosanus in wild tilapia from the Western Nile Delta of Egypt","authors":"Mohamed Khallaf ,&nbsp;Amanallah El-Bahrawy ,&nbsp;Abeer Awad ,&nbsp;Ghada Hadad ,&nbsp;Maram Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elkhatam ,&nbsp;Shaban Gadallah ,&nbsp;Mosaab Omar ,&nbsp;Mahmoud AbouLaila ,&nbsp;Hanan Ghetas","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Centrocestus formosanus</em> is a small, fish-borne zoonotic trematode belonging to the family Heterophyidae. It causes financial losses in the aquaculture industry. In this research, we aimed to study the prevalence of metacercariae among wild tilapia fish, histopathology, and molecular characterization of <em>Centrocestus formosanus</em> using ITS-2 gene PCR. The overall prevalence of <em>C. formosanus</em> was 72.07 %. The prevalence was 68.50 % for <em>S. galilaeus</em>, 74.28 % for <em>O. niloticus</em>, 73.64 % for <em>T. zillii</em>, and 78.57 % for <em>O. aureus</em>. The prevalence was 71.45 % in Kom Hamada City and 73.66 % in Eldelengat City. Autumn showed the highest prevalence of 75.42 %. The small-size fish had the highest prevalence of 71.71 %. Microscopically, the encysted metacercariae of <em>Centrocestus</em> exhibited characteristic X-shaped excretory vesicles. Severe inflammatory reactions and cartilaginous hyperplasia were observed, causing distortion and thickening of the primary lamellae. Epithelial cell hyperplasia and blood vessel hyperemia led to the gill secondary lamellae thickening. PCR of the ITS-2 gene successfully amplified specific bands. The sequences were highly identical to those from Israel, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Iran, and China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the clustering of Egyptian ITS-2 sequences with those from Israel, Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore, Iran, and China. In conclusion, this study presents the prevalence, histopathology, and first molecular characterization of <em>Centrocestus formosanus</em> in wild tilapia from the Western Nile Delta of Egypt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phylogeographic approach of three species of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856, (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) from the Neotropical region of Mexico, with the description of a new species from Ardea herodias (Ardeidae)","authors":"Ana Lucia Sereno-Uribe ,&nbsp;Alejandra López-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Marcelo Tonatiuh González-García ,&nbsp;Mirza Patricia Ortega-Olivares ,&nbsp;Martín García-Varela","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Clinostomum</em> Leidy, 1856 is a globally distributed group of endoparasites that reside attached to the mucosa of the mouth cavity and oesophagus of fish-eating birds (mainly herons) in the adult stage, whereas larvae known as metacercariae (“yellow grubs”) damage freshwater fish and amphibians that serve as secondary intermediate hosts. In the Nearctic and Neotropical regions of Mexico, species of the genus <em>Clinostomum</em> have been intensively studied, revealing seven species that share a common ancestor. In the present study, sequences of the ITS from nuclear ribosomal DNA and <em>cox 1</em> from mitochondrial DNA were generated for <em>C. tataxumui</em>, <em>C. cichlidorum</em>, and an unidentified species identified as lineage 3 sensu Pérez-Ponce de León et al. 2026, which is distributed sympatrically in Mexico and Middle America. The objectives of the present study were to 1) describe a new species of <em>Clinostomum</em>, named herein as <em>Clinostomum chaacci</em> n. sp., which combines morphological and molecular characters; 2) analyse the population genetic structure of two previously described species in addition to <em>C. chaacci</em> n. sp.; and 3) infer phylogeographic patterns using <em>cox 1</em> sequences. The inferred phylogeographic results indicated that the populations of <em>C. tataxumui,</em> and <em>C. cichlidorum</em> lack a geographic structure with high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity, and low Fst values among the populations with negative values on the neutrality test, suggesting that the populations are expanding. In contrast, the populations of <em>C. chaacci</em> n. sp., are less connected and subdivided into smaller populations, leading to slight genetic differentiation, suggesting that the populations have undergone significant demographic changes, such as recent expansion or selection effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103067"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitic crustaceans as a potential vector of MDR Vibrio alginolyticus infection among farmed marine fish in some earthen-pond based Egyptian aquaculture facilities: Molecular, epidemiological and pathological evidences","authors":"Islam A.K. El-waziry ,&nbsp;Alaa Eldin Eissa ,&nbsp;Reham M. El-Tarabili ,&nbsp;Eman M. Abouelhassan ,&nbsp;Hanan A. Ghetas ,&nbsp;Eman M. Ismail ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Elnakeeb ,&nbsp;Heba A. Abdel Hady ,&nbsp;Hadeer S. Aboelnaga ,&nbsp;Amina A. Dessouki","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parasitic crustaceans affecting cultured marine fish in earthen-pond aquaculture facilities are nasty parasites that trigger cascades of microbial infections with consequent economic losses. In the current study, the role of some parasitic crustaceans in spread and transmission of bacterial infections among cultured marine fishes was investigated utilizing taxonomical, molecular, epidemiological, and pathological assays. A total of 400 marine fish involving <em>Pomadasys stridens, Dicentrarchus labra, Sparus aurata,</em> and <em>Tilapia zilli</em> have been randomly collected from some private earthen pond-based aquaculture facilities. Collected fishes were clinically examined for possible presence of disease symptoms, lesions and/or parasites. Three parasitic crustaceans were identified from gills, skin, and fins of examined marine fish species. The isopod <em>Livoneca redmanii, Caligus,</em> and <em>Lernanthropus</em> species were fully identified. <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> was concurrently isolated from both fish and isopod species with 99.76 % similarity between fish and isopod species upon molecular screening utilizing 16SrRNA with sequence alignment. Interestingly, 73.3 % of the isolated bacteria exhibited multi-drug resistance (MDR) with multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR index), values ≥0.2. Further, 56.7 % (17/30) of recovered isolates were resistant to four and five antimicrobials with MAR indices of 0.50 and 0.40. Histopathological examination has revealed remarkable damage of gill filaments and fins of affected fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neohexangitrema spp. (Trematoda: Microscaphidiidae) in Indo-West Pacific Acanthuridae: Richness, distribution, diet and contemporary naming issues","authors":"Thomas H. Cribb ,&nbsp;Storm B. Martin ,&nbsp;Scott C. Cutmore","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Examination of hundreds of individuals of 32 species of Acanthuridae from the Indo-West Pacific resulted in the collection of trematodes consistent with the genus <em>Neohexangitrema</em> Machida, 1984 from the northern and southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR, Queensland, Australia), Ningaloo Reef (Western Australia), Okinawa (Japan), New Caledonia, and Mo'orea and Rangiroa in French Polynesia. Specimens of <em>Neohexangitrema</em> spp. were primarily collected from two species of <em>Zebrasoma</em>, <em>Z. scopas</em> (Cuvier) and <em>Z. velifer</em> (Bloch), and less frequently from three species of <em>Acanthurus</em>. Specimens from <em>Z. scopas</em> and <em>A. nigricans</em> (Linnaeus) from French Polynesia are morphologically and genetically distinct and here described as <em>N</em>. <em>blairi</em> n. sp. This species appears to represent an unusual case of parasite endemism in French Polynesia. Two other morphotypes occurred, often together, in fishes from at least one of the other localities but not in French Polynesia. The first of these, from Ningaloo Reef, Okinawa, GBR and New Caledonia, is clearly morphologically and genetically distinct and is described as <em>N</em>. <em>phytophagum</em> n. sp. This species frequently has large amounts of undigested algae in the digestive tract and appears to be a herbivore in a herbivore. The second widespread morphotype comprised specimens from <em>Z. scopas</em> and <em>Z. velifer</em> consistent with <em>N</em>. <em>zebrasomatis</em> Machida, 1984 as originally described from <em>Z. velifer</em> from off southern Japan. Molecular analyses (<em>cox</em>1 mtDNA and ITS2 and 28S rDNA) consistently suggest that these new specimens represent two morphologically cryptic species, both infecting <em>Z. scopas</em> and <em>Z. velifer</em>, one only at Ningaloo Reef and the other from the GBR. Neither of these species can presently be positively identified as <em>N. zebrasomatis</em> given the lack of molecular data from the type-locality. We here propose new names for both taxa, <em>N. obscurum</em> n. sp. for the species from the GBR and New Caledonia and <em>N. crypticum</em> n. sp. for the species from Ningaloo Reef. This proposal is made with the explicit understanding that one of the two may well (but will not necessarily) prove a synonym of <em>N. zebrasomatis.</em> This approach draws attention to the developing issue of the management of the names of combinations of cryptic trematode species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic echinococcosis in Pakistan: Identification and genotyping of Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Stricto in human cyst isolates","authors":"Khan Huma ,&nbsp;Bonelli Piero ,&nbsp;Peruzzu Angela ,&nbsp;Farina Francesca ,&nbsp;Masala Giovanna ,&nbsp;Ahmed Haroon ,&nbsp;Santucciu Cinzia","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few studies have analysed the current status of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Pakistan. The study aimed to molecularly characterise <em>Echinococcus</em> infections in humans in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. A total of 251 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CE cysts, with the clinical data of patients, were collected from four major hospitals in Peshawar, KP, during 2007–2021. The genomic DNAs (gDNA) containing 106 samples were successfully extracted. A multiplex PCR and a real-time PCR assay were performed to detect <em>Echinococcus</em> species. All 106 samples were confirmed as <em>E. granulosus sensu lato and</em> identified as <em>E. granulosus sensu stricto</em> (<em>s.s.</em>)<em>.</em> Further analysis by using SNP genotyping showed that the G1 (79.3 %) genotype was the most prevalent compared to G3 (20.7 %). The study pointed out that <em>E. granulosus s.s.</em> G1 genotype is the primary cause of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Peshawar, highlighting sheep as a major transmission source. The findings underscore the persistent zoonotic risk due to human-livestock interactions over 14 years. The limited access to healthcare facilities for early diagnosis and treatment, poor awareness about the disease among the population, and traditional livestock management practices may be possibly considered as the major factors causing the persistence of human disease in this area. To reduce the disease's impact on human health and economic losses in livestock, further epidemiological studies are essential to support effective control programs against this zoonotic disease in Pakistan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and diversification of Dicrocoeliidae (Neodermata, Trematoda) with the description of a new species of Euparadistomum, a parasite of Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata, Tropiduridae) in South America","authors":"Enzo Emmerich ,&nbsp;Julio Cesar Cenci de Aguiar ,&nbsp;Reinaldo José da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new digenean trematode species, <em>Euparadistomum cisalpinai</em> sp. n., is described parasitizing the gallbladder of <em>Tropidurus torquatus</em> from Brazil. A set of morphological features, including ovary shape, the oral/ventral sucker ratio, and the presence of cuticular papillae, distinguish the new species from other <em>Euparadistomum</em> species. Phylogenetic inferences using 28S rDNA sequences confirmed its placement within the family Dicrocoeliidae. Although some morphological variability was observed, COI sequences support conspecificity among the specimens. The origin of Dicrocoeliidae is estimated to date back to the Late Jurassic, a period marked by the fragmentation of Pangaea, the greatest radiation of insects, and the emergence of modern birds. These paleogeographic events, combined with the ecological traits of the hosts, likely served as key drivers of dicrocoeliid diversification. Additionaly, the opening of the North Atlantic, the dispersal of yangochiropteran bats, and the spread of <em>Turdus</em> birds significantly influenced the evolution of genera such as <em>Lyperosomum</em>, <em>Anenterotrema</em>, <em>Metadelphis</em>, and <em>Lutztrema</em>. This research provides key insights into the evolutionary and biogeographic history of Dicrocoeliidae, highlighting the pivotal role of host-parasite interactions and geographic events in shaping the diversification of these trematodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}