Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of isometamidium chloride against Trypanosoma vivax in cattle.","authors":"Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto, Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa, Luciana Maffini Heller, Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos, Luis Fernando Vettorato, Heitor de Oliveira Arriero Amaral, Rafael Marin Chiummo, Daniel de Castro Rodrigues, Vando Edésio Soares, Lorena Lopes Ferreira, Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the pharmacokinetics (pk), preventive efficacy (PE) and therapeutic efficacy (TE) of isometamidium chloride (ISM) against T. vivax. For the pk study, the animals received ISM 1 mg/kg (1 mL/40 kg) on day 0 and plasma samples were collected at day 0 (immediately before treatment), 1 h, 3 h 6 h, 9 h and 12 h after treatment, D + 1 (24 h and 36 h), D + 2 (48 h), D + 7, D + 14, D + 21, D + 28, D + 42, D + 56 and D + 68 post treatment. Plasma samples were analyzed using mass spectrometry coupled to ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). As result for pk study, the ISM 1 mg/kg reached the highest plasma concentrations 1 h after administration (488.57 ± 208.59 μg/L) and was found in plasma until 24 h. No further detection of ISM in plasma happened beyond 36 h after treatment. For the PE study, twenty-four bovines divided in four groups of six animals each. All groups received ISM 1 mg/kg (1 mL/40 kg) on different days. The T01 group received ISM on day -120, while the T02 animals were treated with ISM on day -90, T03 was treated with ISM on day -60, and the control group (T04) consisted of two animals that received saline solution on day -120, two other animals that received the solution on day -90, and the last two animals that received saline on day -60. In the PE study, the experimental infection with 1 × 10⁶ trypomastigotes of T. vivax of the 24 animals occurred on day 0. Until day 30 after infection, the analysis of T. vivax was performed by the Woo, Brener and cPCR methods, to determine the PE of ISM after 60, 90 and 120 days. As result for the PE study, the PE of ISM against T. vivax was 100 % up to 90 days. For the TE study, 16 animals were experimentally infected with T. vivax trypomastigotes on day -5. On Day 0, the animals were divided into two groups or eight animals each: T01 treated with ISM 0.5 mg/kg (1 mL/80 kg), and T02 treated with saline solution (control). Blood samples after treatment were again analyzed by the Woo, Brener and cPCR methods to determine TE of ISM. Furthermore, in the TE study, to prove that the animals in the treated group were not infected with T. vivax, a biological test was performed on young goats on day +45. As result for the TE study, the TE of ISM 0.5 mg/kg was 100 %, and no young goats were infected. In conclusion, the commercial ISM-based product tested here can be used both preventively and therapeutically against T. vivax.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraventricular Neurocysticercosis: An atypical presentation of a little-known and poorly understood disease – A case report","authors":"Alex Aaron Agallo-Martinez ,&nbsp;Polet Juarez-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Roger Carrillo-Mezo ,&nbsp;Agnès Fleury","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurocysticercosis (NC) is defined as an infection of the central nervous system by the larvae of <em>Taenia solium</em>. Intraventricular involvement occurs in approximately 7–30 % of cases, with the fourth ventricle being the most frequently affected site. The main complication associated with this form is the development of hydrocephalus, and the optimal therapeutic approach remains under debate. This case report describes a patient with intraventricular NC who achieved a successful outcome with medical management. The case is notable for several uncommon features, including cyst migration, calcification, and subsequent disappearance of the calcified lesion. It provides a valuable opportunity to explore and discuss this rare and poorly understood form of NC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total-evidence phylogenetic hypothesis of Hexabothriidae Price, 1942.","authors":"Kaitlyn M Dalrymple, Emanuel L Razzolini, Walter A Boeger","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the last 3 decades, the most cited phylogenetic hypothesis of the Hexabothriidae is that of Boeger & Kritsky's [1989, International Journal for Parasitology 19, 425-440] and subsequent revisions. This phylogeny was based on morphologic features and excluded two genera due to the lack of available specimens at the time - since then, four additional genera have been proposed. Furthermore, molecular data for specimens of the family were generated subsequently, including sequences from members of Erpocotyle produced in the current study. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the family is proposed using maximum likelihood analyses of available 18S and 28S rDNA sequences obtained from GenBank and produced herein in conjunction with morphological data sensu Boeger & Kritsky, 1989. A thorough literature review was conducted and morphological character states were updated, included in the total-evidence analysis, and discussed. In doing so, we evidenced consistent support for some intrafamily clades and updated the phylogeny by including recently described and previously excluded genera.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myxobolus medusae n. sp., a new species of Myxozoa with dendritic appendages","authors":"Nayana Moraes de Sena ,&nbsp;Jhonata Eduard ,&nbsp;Camila Maria Barbosa Pereira ,&nbsp;José Ledamir Sindeaux Neto ,&nbsp;Michele Velasco","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Myxobolus</em>, belonging to the class Myxozoa, is a cnidarian genus characterized by ellipsoidal or rounded myxospores with two polar capsules located in the anterior sutural plane, commonly without caudal projections. However, diverse morphologies have been described in recent studies of myxospores, exhibiting various appendage forms. The present study describes the morphological and molecular characteristics of a new species of <em>Myxobolus</em> in the red piranha <em>Pygocentrus nattereri</em>. In 16 % (3/18) of the fish specimens captured in Lake Sacaizal, Amapá State, whitish cysts containing ovoid myxospores with dendritic caudal appendages were observed in the anterior chamber of the eye. The myxospores measured 17.7 μm long, 15.6 μm wide, and 14.0 μm thick and had two equally sized pyriform polar capsules 9.9 μm long and 4.2 μm wide. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the newly identified species, <em>Myxobolus medusae</em> n. sp., formed a clade with other species of <em>Myxobolus</em> without appendages and <em>Henneguya</em>, which infects Characiformes in Brazil, with a genetic distance above 12 %. These morphological and molecular data provide insights into a new species of the genus <em>Myxobolus</em> in <em>P. nattereri</em>, a fish species of socioeconomic importance in the Amazon region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens infections in French working military dogs: Prevalence and factors associated with vector exposure","authors":"Amélia Grosbois ,&nbsp;Veronica Risco-Castillo ,&nbsp;Bernard Davoust ,&nbsp;Younes Laidoudi ,&nbsp;Guillaume Crozet ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Watier-Grillot","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dirofilaria (D.) immitis</em> and <em>D. repens</em> are mosquito-borne nematodes that can cause heartworm disease and skin nodules, respectively in infected dogs. These parasites may also be responsible for minor zoonoses. Infections caused by these agents are widely distributed throughout the world and have already been reported in mainland France, especially in the south. Both parasites are associated with animal and public health concerns in France. Military working dogs are often exposed to them during their missions throughout the world, and prophylactic measures are therefore well established. To gain a better understanding of the situation among these dogs, a prevalence survey was carried out on a representative sample of 250 military working dogs. Blood samples were analyzed using a rapid test for the detection of <em>D. immitis</em> adult antigens, and modified Knott's test for microfilariae identification. Data on dog exposure to vectors and on their living behaviors were also collected with a survey questionnaire. For one dog (0.4 %), a positive result for <em>D. immitis</em> was obtained with the rapid diagnostic test, and another dog (0.4 %) was found to be positive for <em>D. repens</em> with the modified Knott's test. However, only <em>D. repens</em> infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. These dogs were living in outdoor kennels, which could increase their exposure to mosquito vectors in enzootic areas, and thus to the parasites, further reinforced by their predominantly outdoor operational activities. Nevertheless, the low observed prevalences may reflect the effectiveness of stringent prevention measures in this specific population, or a generally low level of transmission in the general canine population in France—albeit insufficiently documented due to limited surveillance data—or again, limitations related to the imperfect diagnostic methods employed in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the cymothoid isopod, Nerocila bivittata in spread of Photobacterium damselae subsp piscicida to Thinlip mullet (Chelon ramada)","authors":"Alaa Eldin Eissa ,&nbsp;Rabia A. El Zlitne ,&nbsp;Asmaa O. El-Ramlawy ,&nbsp;Abdelsalam A. Abu Mhara ,&nbsp;Samia A.A. Alzentani ,&nbsp;Rasmia H.M. Abu Leila ,&nbsp;Abeer E. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Rehab Qorany ,&nbsp;Shaimaa M. Mansour ,&nbsp;Noha B. Elbarbary ,&nbsp;Sarah A.A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Doaa F. El Moghazi ,&nbsp;Abdelbary Prince ,&nbsp;Eman M. Younis ,&nbsp;Reham H. Ragab ,&nbsp;Marwa M. Attia","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cymothoid isopods are among the most devastating parasitic crustaceans in mariculture worldwide. A private marine fish farm in Ismailia province, Egypt suffered mass mortalities in cultured <em>Chelon ramada</em> during the late summer of 2022. The present study aims to reveal the role of the isopod, <em>Nerocila bivittate</em> (<em>N. bivitata</em>) in spread of the evolving prolonged spread of the devastating bacterial disease, <em>Photobacterium damselae subsp piscicida</em> (<em>P. dmselae subsp piscicida</em>) to <em>Chelon ramada</em>. This study was carried out on one hundred and fifty <em>C. ramada</em> collected during different phases of mortalities. Moribund fish showed signs of respiratory distress, erratic movements and poor appetite. Infested fish gills were pale anemic with excessive mucus secretion. <em>Nerocila bivittata</em> was isolated from the gill chamber, buccal cavity, caudal, and dorsal fins of infested fish. The infestation percentage was 26.5 % where gills of infested fish were the most affected tissue. The bipolar bodies of the <em>P. damselae subsp piscicida</em> were remarkably detected within the isopod hemolymph using transmission electron microscope. Further, <em>P. damselae subsp piscida</em> was isolated from both <em>N. bivitata</em>. Both <em>P. damelae subsp piscida</em> and <em>N. bivitata</em> were molecularly confirmed utilizing the 16S ribosomal RNA. In conclusion, <em>N. bivittata</em> infestation is responsible for high economic losses due to fish mortalities, reduced growth rates and increased susceptibility to devastating prolonged bacterial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Plasmodium spp. gametocyte carriage in Delhi, India","authors":"Loick P. Kojom Foko ,&nbsp;Anandi Goel ,&nbsp;Monika Matlani ,&nbsp;Joseph Hawadak ,&nbsp;Vineeta Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malaria transmission is fuelled by the development stages called gametocytes. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of gametocyte carriage, a silent and understudied public health issue, were evaluated in Delhi, India. Between August 2022 and September 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted at a reference hospital. Gametocyte detection was performed by light microscopy. Of the 4259 febrile patients included, gametocytes were found at a prevalence of 1.3 %, with a predominance of <em>P. vivax</em> (78.6 %). Higher risks of <em>P. falciparum</em> gametocyte carriage were found in individuals with increased levels of platelet count -PCT (aOR = 10.66 to 12.82, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), C-reactive protein-CRP (aOR = 4.11 to 6.16, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and red blood cells-RBC (aOR = 6.78, <em>p</em> = 0.005), whereas increased haemoglobin (Hb) was protective (aOR = 0.56, <em>p</em> = 0.002). Similar patterns were found for <em>P. vivax</em> gametocyte carriage, in addition to the effect of the malaria transmission period (aOR = 2.89, <em>p</em> = 0.01). This study pinpoints a low <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. gametocyte carriage, with a consistent influence of CRP, PCT, Hb, and malaria transmission. These findings might provide baseline information for targeting gametocyte carriers to block malaria transmission in the area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excretory/secretory proteins from Trichinella spiralis adult worms alleviate myocardial dysfunction induced by sepsis in murine models","authors":"Yuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Lingqin Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Nian ,&nbsp;Huijuan Yang ,&nbsp;Mengxi Ma ,&nbsp;Kaigui Wang ,&nbsp;Xueling Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaodi Yang ,&nbsp;Huihui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a hazardous symptom of sepsis and causes significant death rates. Although previous research has shown that helminthic derivatives alleviate disorders, the immunomodulatory functions of excretory/secretory proteins from <em>Trichinella spiralis</em> adult worms (<em>Ts</em>-AES) in SIMD have not yet been identified. We wanted to see how <em>Ts</em>-AES affects SIMD in this work and explore the potential immune mechanism involved. Murine sepsis model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in male BALB/C mice. Following CLP surgery, each mouse received 20 μg <em>Ts</em>-AES intraperitoneally. Results showed that administration of <em>Ts</em>-AES improved the 72-h survival rate of septic mice by up to 40 % compared to untreated mice, who all died within the period. The SIMD was greatly alleviated, characterized by significantly improved left ventricle functions during systole and diastole, reduced biventricular enlargement, and myocardial injury scores. Upon histopathological examination, <em>Ts</em>-AES treatment greatly reduced cardiac inflammation and pathologic injury. The immunomodulatory effect of <em>Ts-</em>AES on protecting SIMD was associated with M2-type macrophage polarization that induces immunomodulatory cytokines and lowers pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially by blocking the HMGB1/TLR2/NF-κB signal pathway. Our findings in this study demonstrate the potential of <em>Ts</em>-AES as a therapeutic agent for SIMD or other inflammatory disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis and pyrethroid resistance mutation profiling of Haematopinus tuberculatus in buffaloes from Naqadeh, Iran","authors":"Khadijeh Seydi-Gazafi ,&nbsp;Shahin Seidi ,&nbsp;Aida Ebrahimi Ahmadabad ,&nbsp;Hanène Belkahia ,&nbsp;Mousa Tavassoli ,&nbsp;Mourad Ben Said","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Haematopinus tuberculatus</em> is a major ectoparasite of water buffaloes, causing substantial economic losses. Widespread pyrethroid use has driven the emergence of resistance in <em>H. tuberculatus</em> populations, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms. This study examined the genetic diversity and resistance mechanisms of <em>H. tuberculatus</em> from Naqadeh, Iran, analyzing 372 lice samples collected from 71 buffaloes across 10 farms. Molecular identification, based on mitochondrial <em>cox1</em> partial sequence amplification and sequencing, confirmed all samples as <em>H. tuberculatus</em> and revealed close genetic relatedness to populations from China. Phylogenetic analysis of <em>cox1</em> demonstrated its utility as a genetic marker for intra-specific differentiation. Furthermore, sequencing of the voltage-gated sodium channel (<em>VGSC</em>) gene revealed four key amino acid substitutions: T917I, I920F, V929R, and L930M. Notably, the T917I and I920F mutations have been previously linked to pyrethroid resistance in <em>Pediculus humanus capitis</em>, as well as in <em>Bovicola</em> and <em>Haematopinus</em> species. This suggests a similar potential for pyrethroid resistance in the <em>H. tuberculatus</em> populations examined in this study. These findings highlight the urgent need to implement integrated pest management (IPM) strategies that reduce reliance on pyrethroids and emphasize alternative control measures to safeguard buffalo health and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Eimeria spp. (Eimeriidae) in alpaca (Lama glama) in China and phylogenetic characterization of three alpacan Eimeria species","authors":"Kaihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixuan Niu ,&nbsp;Jiashu Lang ,&nbsp;Huijie Liu ,&nbsp;Ziyang Qin ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Longxian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the prevalence, molecular characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of <em>Eimeria</em> spp. domestic alpaca at the Zhengzhou Zoo, Henan Province, China, sheather's sugar floatation method was conducted to detect coccidia in 25 fresh fecal samples. The overall prevalence of coccidia was 44.0 % (11/25), <em>Eimeria alpacae</em> Guerrero (1967), <em>Eimeria lamae</em> Guerrero (1967), and <em>Eimeria punoensis</em> Guerrero (1967) were identified by their morphological characteristics. The 18S rRNA and COI <em>loci</em> sequences were sequenced for molecular biological identification, homology comparison, and phylogenetic analysis of <em>Eimeria</em> spp. by single oocyst selection technology and multi-locus nested PCR amplification. The sequence homology among the three <em>Eimeria</em> spp. from alpaca at the 18S rRNA and COI gene <em>loci</em> were 98.8–99.4 % and 94.6–97.7 %, respectively. At the 18S rRNA and COI <em>loci</em>, the three <em>Eimeria</em> spp. exhibited high identity with <em>Eimeria</em> spp. from goats and sheep. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular identification and evolutionary analysis of three <em>Eimeria</em> spp. from alpaca. This study also provides a more accurate identification method for <em>Eimeria</em> spp. from alpaca.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}