Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"A high prevalence of dogs seropositive to Leishmania in Zambia","authors":"Herman M. Chambaro ,&nbsp;Kyoko Hayashida ,&nbsp;Lavel C. Moonga ,&nbsp;Misheck Shawa ,&nbsp;Walter Muleya ,&nbsp;Joseph Chizimu ,&nbsp;David Squarre ,&nbsp;Tatsuki Sugi ,&nbsp;Junya Yamagishi ,&nbsp;Shohei Ogata ,&nbsp;Masahiro Kajihara ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Sawa ,&nbsp;Chizu Sanjoba ,&nbsp;Enala T. Mwase ,&nbsp;Roma Chilengi ,&nbsp;Gilbert H. Munsaka ,&nbsp;Kelvin L. Sarenje ,&nbsp;Namwiinga R. Mulunda ,&nbsp;Mable M. Mutengo ,&nbsp;Boniface Namangala ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Goto","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domestic dogs are the main reservoir of <em>Leishmania infantum</em>, a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in humans. Although the disease is widespread in the world, the burden of visceral or any other disease form of leishmaniasis is poorly documented in Zambia, largely due to lack of surveillance. Recently, three cases of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis (CanL) were reported in Zambia following decades of presumed disease absence. This finding intimated probable disease emergence, raising the need for the identification of infection foci. Thus, in this study, we conducted the first mass serological survey for <em>Leishmania</em> infections in domestic dogs from two densely populated urban areas of Zambia in July 2022. In some of the study sites, seropositivity was up to ∼17 %, suggesting probable presence of <em>Leishmania</em> transmission hot spots. Moreover, on follow-up surveys of seropositive dogs, presence of antileishmanial antibodies was a risk factor for dog survival (relative risk = 7.9; odds ratio = 42.5). Our findings implies that <em>Leishmania</em> infection can be a health issue in domestic dogs in Zambia. Considering the risk of zoonotic transmission, the need for improved disease diagnosis and surveillance in both humans, dogs and sand fly vectors is highlighted in Zambia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New morphological, biological, and molecular insights into Taenia talicei (Cestoda: Taeniidae), adding the dog (Canis lupus familiaris) and Andean fox (Lycalopex culpaeus) as definitive hosts, and new records of intermediate hosts in Peru","authors":"Luis A. Gomez-Puerta ,&nbsp;M. Alejandra Rossin ,&nbsp;Joel I. Pacheco ,&nbsp;José M. Angulo-Tisoc ,&nbsp;Armando E. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Taenia talicei</em> is a cestode endemic to South America that was originally described based on its metacestodes. The adult strobilus was described after being obtained through experimental infection in dogs. Despite this, the natural definitive host for this cestode, as well as its genetic information, remained unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of the domestic dog, the Andean fox (<em>Lycalopex culpaeus</em>), and other species of rodents in the life cycle of <em>T. talicei</em>. Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial genes of cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 (<em>cox1</em>) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (<em>nad1</em>) was also carried out in the cestodes. For this, 13 adult cestodes and five metacestodes were collected from a domestic dog (<em>n</em> = 6), an Andean fox (<em>n</em> = 7), a northern viscacha (<em>Lagidium peruanum</em>) (<em>n</em> = 1), a yellow-rumped leaf-eared mouse (<em>Phyllotis xanthopygus</em>) (<em>n</em> = 3), and a robust tuco-tuco (<em>Ctenomys tuconax</em>) (n = 1). Various features of the scolex and rostellar hooks were analyzed using morphological methods. The molecular characterization of <em>cox1</em> and <em>nad1</em> was analyzed by standard PCR protocols. All parasites were identified as <em>T. talicei</em> by looking at their diagnostic features, e.g., size of their rostellar hooks, distribution of testes, and the shape of their metacestodes (fimbriocercus and polycephalic metacestodes). The analysis of the <em>cox1</em> and <em>nad1</em> mitochondrial genes showed 99 % and 100 % identity between them, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that <em>T. talicei</em> is closely related to <em>Taenia polyacantha</em>. Our findings confirm the domestic dog and the Andean fox as the definitive hosts and indicate that <em>T. talicei</em> has both a domestic and wild life cycle, as well as the participation of new species of rodents in their life cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103079"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of wood creosote on anisakiasis: A Japanese traditional medicine as a potential tool against Anisakis larva infection","authors":"Caroline Donzeli Pereira ,&nbsp;Chikako Shimokawa ,&nbsp;Hiromu Sugiyama ,&nbsp;Mitsuko Shiroyama ,&nbsp;Takanori Miura","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anisakiasis has become more widely known because of the increasing popularity of raw fish consumption worldwide; it is the most common form of food poisoning in Japan. This foodborne disease has no specific treatment. Current treatments involve detecting and removing parasites that penetrate the gastric mucosa using endoscopy in medical settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wood creosote (WC) on anisakid larval movement and viability <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo.</em> Using two WC concentrations, 0.67 and 6.7 mg/mL, we performed <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments to demonstrate the effect of WC on anisakid larval movement and viability using an infrared locomotion track device and a viability scoring method. <em>In vitro</em>, WC effectively reduced the motility of anisakid larvae by 69.3 % at a recommended dosage of 0.67 mg/mL and killed the larvae at a higher concentration of 6.7 mg/mL. These results were supported by an <em>in vivo</em> experiment in BALB/c mice, in which WC, at both concentrations, reduced the motility of anisakid larvae in infected mice by more than 58.0 %. WC may become an important tool in treating anisakiasis, owing to its rapid and significant inhibitory effect on the movement and viability of anisakid larvae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic potentials of whole and fragmented major egg protein for human schistosomiasis","authors":"Jose Ma M. Angeles ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Goto ,&nbsp;Minh-Anh Dang-Trinh ,&nbsp;Pilarita T. Rivera ,&nbsp;Elena A. Villacorte ,&nbsp;Shin-ichiro Kawazu","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat shock proteins are known to be antigenic due to their high conservation. A 40 kDa heat shock protein, considered a major egg protein, was identified as a potential candidate antigen for diagnosing schistosomiasis. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of SjMEP-40 for detecting human schistosomiasis. SjMEP-40 was fragmented into three distinct portions—SjMEP-40 N (N-terminal), SjMEP-40 M (middle), and SjMEP-40C (C-terminal)—to determine which segment provides the best diagnostic performance compared to the whole antigen (SjMEP-40 W) for both IgG and IgM detection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze archived samples from various endemic areas in the Philippines, all previously confirmed either positive or negative for <em>Schistosoma japonicum</em> infection through microscopy or stool PCR. Additionally, cross-reactivity tests were conducted with other parasitic infections, including paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, and opisthorchiasis. IgG ELISA results revealed that SjMEP-40 M has the sensitivity (82.24 %) and specificity (95.97 %). On the other hand, SjMEP-40 N showed the highest sensitivity (85.5 %) and positivity rates in IgM ELISA with both microscopy and PCR-positive samples. Overall, SjMEP-40 M showed the best diagnostic results for IgG evaluation, whereas SjMEP-40 N is the fragment responsible for antigen detection at the early stage of the disease, as shown by the IgM ELISA results. The fragmented antigens might be useful in differentiating early and chronic disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blastocystis colonization among inland and forest periphery Negritos in Malaysia: The crucial role of sanitation and hygiene practices","authors":"Norfatini Sajidah Rozani ,&nbsp;Mohd Shafiq Aazmi ,&nbsp;Achigili Okau Attah ,&nbsp;Farah Haziqah Meor Termizi ,&nbsp;Shezryna Shahrizal ,&nbsp;Mohd Yusri Idorus ,&nbsp;Azdayanti Muslim","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been an increasing trend in the study of <em>Blastocystis</em> due to its ubiquitous nature, and potential impact on human health. In Malaysia, its prevalence among the undeserved indigenous Orang Asli (OA) population varies widely from 1.7 %- 80.0 %. These huge differences were suggested to be attributed to disparities in living standards, including sanitation and access to treated water status. We investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and subtypes of <em>Blastocystis</em> among the OA Negritos residing in forest periphery villages and the inland jungle settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 259 participants and their stool samples were screened microscopically for intestinal parasites and molecular techniques for <em>Blastocystis</em>. Risk factors including the type of village category and <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes were identified. Of the 259 participants, 40 (15.4 %) were found to be colonized with <em>Blastocystis</em>. Prevalence was higher in the inland (17/81; 21.0 %) than in forest periphery villages (23/178; 12.9 %), but the difference was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = 0.096). Among the 40 positive individuals, 31 (77.5 %) were co-infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Multivariate analysis identified the unavailability of a household latrine (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), infrequent washing hands after defecation (<em>P</em> = 0.005), having other household members positive with <em>Blastocystis</em> (<em>P</em> = 0.003), individuals from the Bateq subtribe (<em>P</em> = 0.011), and living in inland villages (<em>P</em> = 0.033) as significant predictors of <em>Blastocystis</em> colonization. Three subtypes were identified: ST1, ST2 and ST3 (the most predominant). We highlighted the critical role of hygiene and sanitation practices in the transmission dynamics of <em>Blastocystis</em> rather than type of village category or development status among OA. Continuous health practices, particularly on proper hygienic practices, should be emphasized especially concerning parasites transmitted via the fecal-oral route.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103075"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of larval metamorphosis of some digenetic parasites within the digestive gland tissues of the freshwater ampullariid snails, Lanistes carinatus (Olivier, 1804)","authors":"Mohammed E. El-Zeiny,&nbsp;Ola A. Abu Samak,&nbsp;Shereen A. Fahmy,&nbsp;Abdel Aziz A. Khidr","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ampullariid snail, <em>Lanistes carinatus,</em> was infected with larval stages of the two digenean parasites, one of which belonged to the genus <em>Echinochasmus</em>, and the other belonged to the genus <em>Phaneropsolus</em>. The first genus has gymnocephalus cercariae type, while the other has xiphidicercariae type. The later cercariae characterized with presence of xiphoid spine at oral sucker, while the first one has spines on its oral sucker. When examining the digestive gland of snails, it is the presence of growth and metamorphosis for both parasites. The histological study of the digestive gland infected with the larval stages showed that the larval development of <em>Echinochasmus</em> parasites progresses from sporocyst to mother sporocyst to the redia before it turns into gymnocephalus cercariae. As for the larval development of the genus <em>Phaneropsolus,</em> it appears to have undergone the larval transformation from the sporocyst stage only before reaching the cercaria stage of the type xiphidiocercaria. The histopathological study of the tissues of the affected digestive glands showed that the effect of the presence of the larval stages was severe and destructive to the cells of the glands. It appears from the observation that mechanical and physiological activity of the larvae was the cause of a major change in the normal structure of tissue of the affected glands. Therefore, the present study traces the pathological effect caused by any parasite within the tissues of any host, is noted, but a fingerprint specific to it that can be taken as evidence of its presence and no other.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103078"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of Myxobolus iwagiensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), infecting medaka Oryzias latipes (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) in Japan","authors":"Karina Midori Kawano ,&nbsp;Masashi Sakurai ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wild medaka <em>Oryzias latipes</em> collected from a brackish water reservoir on Iwagi Island, Japan, were parasitized by a myxosporean belonging to the genus <em>Myxobolus</em>. Morphological and molecular analyses were carried out to identify the myxosporean parasite. The myxospores measured 12.1 ± 0.4 μm long, 9.8 ± 0.3 μm wide, and 7.9 ± 0.2 μm thick. Oblong to oval shape in valvular view and elliptical in sutural view. Two, unequally sized, pyriform polar capsules, running parallel to each other. The larger polar capsule measuring 6.4 ± 0.2 μm long and 4.0 ± 0.2 μm wide. The smaller measuring 5.8 ± 0.3 μm long and 3.5 ± 0.2 μm wide. Polar filament form 4–6 coils in the smaller polar capsule and 6–8 coils in the larger polar capsule. In histological examination, plasmodia containing mature spores were observed in peripheral nerves, including the cranial nerves, spinal cord and ganglia, muscular and skin connective tissues, and beside to the gill arch cartilage. A BLAST search based on the small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence showed &lt;82 % similarity with species in the family Myxobolidae. On the basis of the host species, infection site, spore morphology and molecular analyses, we describe the myxosporean from <em>O. latipes</em> as a novel species, named <em>Myxobolus iwagiensis</em> n. sp. This is the first report of myxosporean infection in medaka in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New freshwater Ceratomyxa species, Ceratomyxa schwanefeldii n. sp. (Myxozoa: Ceratomyxidae) from the gall bladder of tinfoil barb, Barbonymus schwanefeldii (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) in Malaysia","authors":"Nadhirah Syafiqah Suhaimi ,&nbsp;Csaba Székely ,&nbsp;Gábor Cech ,&nbsp;Boglárka Sellyei ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hafiz Borkhanuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genus <em>Ceratomyxa</em> comprises coelozoic parasites of mainly marine and brackish water fish. This study describes a new <em>Ceratomyxa</em> species, <em>Ceratomyxa schwanefeldii</em> n. sp. which parasitizes the gall bladder of <em>Barbonymus schwanefeldii</em> collected from Sungai Tong in Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia. The new species was described using morphological characteristics, and on nucleotide sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA). <em>Ceratomyxa schwanefeldii</em> n. sp. exhibited vermiform shape plasmodia with slow undulatory motility, measuring 151.6 ± 86.0 (43.0–271.0) μm in length and 15.1 ± 4.8 (9.3–22.7) μm in width, with blunt poles at both ends. The mature spores were crescent-shaped, strongly arched in frontal view, with a sutural line between the two valves tapering to blunt ends. Formalin-fixed spores were 3.0 ± 0.4 (2.4–3.9) μm in length, 12.6 ± 1.2 (10.8–15.4) μm in thickness, with a concave posterior angle, 104.8° ± 10.2° (73.4–123.8). Two equal-sized spheroid polar capsules measured 1.5 ± 0.2 (1.2–1.8) μm in length and 1.3 ± 0.2 (0.9–1.7) μm in width. Phylogenetic analyses by Maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference algorithms positioned <em>C. schwanefeldii</em> n. sp. as a sister species to <em>Unicapsulocaudum mugilum</em> and clustered within the clade of Amazonian freshwater <em>Ceratomyxa</em> species. The LSU rDNA phylogeny revealed that <em>C. schwanefeldii</em> n. sp. clusters within the marine <em>Ceratomyxa</em> clade and forms a sister relationship with <em>C. leatherjacketi</em>. This study represents the first description of a freshwater <em>Ceratomyxa</em> in Malaysia and the fourth recorded detection in the Asian region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of prevalence and strongyle egg counts per gram of feces in horses at pasture and in stables following ivermectin/praziquantel treatment","authors":"Seung-Ho Ryu ,&nbsp;Sung-Jun An ,&nbsp;Eliot Forbes ,&nbsp;Byung-Sun Kim ,&nbsp;Seongjun Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equine strongyle infections are prevalent among grazing horses worldwide, yet research on anthelmintic efficacy and parasite management strategies in South Korea remains limited. This study investigated the infection dynamics and parasite burden in horses managed under different systems (pasture vs. stable) over a one-year period in Jeju, South Korea, assessing the impact of management practices on parasite burden and the effectiveness of current deworming regimens. Thirty-two horses were administered ivermectin/praziquantel in June 2022 and assigned to either pasture (<em>n</em> = 16) or stable (n = 16) groups. Each group was further divided based on deworming intervals (3–6-3 months vs. 9–3 months). Monthly egg per gram (EPG) counts of strongyle eggs were conducted to evaluate seasonal variations in parasite burden. Results indicated that stabled horses maintained near-zero EPG levels year-round, whereas pasture-managed horses exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations, with EPG values peaking in summer and autumn before declining in spring. Deworming intervals had minimal impact on parasite burden in stabled horses. However, pasture horses showed varying reinfection risks, with the highest EPG value increase occurring in summer. These findings suggest that routine three-month deworming may be excessive for stabled horses but adequate for pasture-managed horses due to higher reinfection rates. Instead, targeted selective treatment based on EPG monitoring is recommended as a more effective and sustainable parasite control strategy to optimize deworming regimens and mitigate anthelmintic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scanning electron microscopy based survey of the impact of infestation by parasitic freshwater mussel glochidia upon the gill morphology of two species of salmonid fish","authors":"Sebastian L. Rock ,&nbsp;Victor R. Townsend Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unionid mussels are a distinct order possessing a parasitic life history stage known as a glochidium that generally infests the gills of fish. Upon contacting the host tissue, the glochidium ‘bites’ down causing minor surface trauma but leaving most structural tissue unharmed. Host tissue immediately reacts and encompasses the larval mussel in a cyst where, if able to survive, the glochidia will develop and ultimately excyst as free-living mussels; in the case of the freshwater pearl mussel (<em>Margaritifera margaritifera</em>) adults can live in the sediment for up to 200+ years. While many histological studies have detailed both the encystment process and larval development with a fair degree of detail, few have utilized scanning electron microscopy to add further prospective. Few have investigated the effects of juvenile mussel excystment on host tissue. The freshwater pearl mussel is the longest encysting unionid mussel, remaining on their hosts for close to a year. Here, we investigate three stages of freshwater pearl mussel glochidia development on two host salmonid species (<em>Salmo trutta</em> and <em>S. salar</em>). Our survey supports previously published results and suggests that juvenile mussel excystment causes significantly more harm to host tissue than initial encystment. We provide a large library of images as supplements to this survey for both researchers and educators to use as references, either for educational purposes or out of general interest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}