Parasitology International最新文献

{"title":"Thymol's antileishmanial activity and its impact on host cytokine profiles: In vitro and ex vivo studies on Leishmania tropica.","authors":"Tülay Aksoy, Ali Ahmet Kilimcioğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease associated with significant morbidity, primarily due to chronic skin lesions, scarring, and psychosocial consequences. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo antileishmanial effects of thymol (1-500 μM) against Leishmania tropica (MHOM/TR/2012/CBCL-LT) infection. Thymol's in vitro efficacy was assessed on both promastigote (Haemocytometry and CellTiter-Glo assays) and amastigote (Giemsa staining and Parasite Rescue Transformation Assay) forms of L. tropica. Additionally, its immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by analyzing cytokine secretion (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-10, and IL-4) and infectivity in THP-1 macrophages using ELISA. Cytotoxicity was determined by calculating the 50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC₅₀) in THP-1 cells. The in vitro inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value against L. tropica promastigotes was determined as 79.41 μM, while the ex vivo IC₅₀ value against amastigotes was 105.2 μM. Incubation of infected macrophages with thymol resulted in a dose-dependent increase in IFN-γ and IL-12 levels, along with a significant reduction in IL-10 and IL-4 secretion (p < 0.05). The CC₅₀ value of thymol in THP-1 cells was 160.7 μM, indicating low cytotoxicity. Moreover, the selectivity index (SI) values greater than 1 confirmed the compound's preferential action against amastigotes while exhibiting minimal toxicity toward macrophages. These findings highlight thymol's potential as an antileishmanial agent by effectively eliminating and controlling Leishmania parasites in both in vitro and ex vivo models. Due to its immunomodulatory properties and low cytotoxicity, thymol represents a promising starting point for the development of novel antileishmanial agents and alternative therapeutic strategies against CL caused by L. tropica.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations on the endoparasites of sika deer (Cervus nippon) kept in captivity (deer farms and parks) in Germany.","authors":"Steffen Rehbein, Martin Visser","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sika deer, primarily animals of Japanese origin, have been introduced into Europe and, following release into the wild, established free-ranging populations in several countries, including Germany. In addition to the wild populations, sika deer are still maintained in deer parks and there are also deer farms carrying sika deer for venison production. However, to date there is no information about the parasite fauna that infect farmed sika deer and only little knowledge on parasites of sika deer in parks. This work summarizes the results of the examination for endoparasites of viscera and muscle samples of 33 sika deer from five farms and 11 sika deer from five parks in Germany. Eight species of nematodes (Ostertagia leptospicularis, Spiculopteragia asymmetrica, Spiculopteragia boehmi, Spiculopteragia houdemeri, Trichostrongylus askivali, Oesophagostomum sikae, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris globulosa) and one species of coccidia (Eimeria austriaca) were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract. Sarcocystis cysts were identified in cardiac and/or diaphragm myocytes of 6/11 park deer while no cysts were detected in heart and/or diaphragm samples from 24 farmed deer. No cestodes, lungworms, liver flukes and rumen flukes were found. The nematode community was dominated by the polymorphic ostertagids residing in the abomasum, but the total burden (adults plus mucosal larval stages) was overall very low with geometric mean counts of 62 and 117 in the farmed deer (range, 0 to 2340) and park deer (range, 26 to 629), respectively. Spiculopteragia houdemeri, index ostertagid of sika deer of Japanese origin, made more than 80 % of the total nematode burden in both farmed and park sika deer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging machine learning for predicting Opisthorchis viverrini infection in cats: A tool for veterinary epidemiology.","authors":"Petcharat Chompo, Veerasak Punyapornwithaya, Banchob Sripa, Sirikachorn Tangkawattana","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov) infection is a major public health concern in the Greater Mekong Subregion, with cats as key reservoir hosts. Although machine learning (ML) is widely used in human medicine, its application in veterinary epidemiology remains limited. This study aimed to develop interpretable ML models to predict Ov infection and to identify key risk factors in cats using data from 175 households in endemic areas. Five ML algorithms-Classification Tree, Random Forest, Ridge Logistic Regression (Ridge LR), eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-were optimized using feature selection methods, hyperparameter tuning, and SMOTE. The results demonstrated that Ridge LR with Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR), tuned Ridge LR, and tuned SVM achieved reliable performance, with ROC-AUC values exceeding 0.7. Specifically, default Ridge LR with mRMR achieved strong balanced accuracy (0.722), while tuned Ridge LR attained the highest sensitivity (0.667). Tuned SVM with mRMR yielded a test ROC-AUC of 0.723 and PR-AUC of 0.473, along with a balanced accuracy of 0.682. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis identified key risk factors, including residence in flooded areas, feeding fish scraps to cats, and annual rainfall, emphasizing the role of environmental factors in Ov transmission. These findings highlight the potential of ML in veterinary epidemiology and emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate methods based on data characteristics. The study suggests that targeted, risk-based interventions focusing on these key risk factors are crucial for effective Ov control in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Datura stramonium metabolites as a promising insecticide against the vector-borne diseases Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti.","authors":"Mohamed M Baz, Randa I Eltaly, Ramy E El-Ansary, Moustafa Ibrahim, Fatma H Galal, Hattan S Gattan, Mohammed H Alruhaili, Abdelfattah M Selim, Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis, Yasser A El-Sayed, Esraa A Elhawary","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosquitoes, one of the deadliest animals on the planet, cause millions of fatalities each year by transmitting several human illnesses. Therefore, it was necessary to use many synthetic pesticides to prevent the spread of diseases, which led to an increase in the effective use of synthetic pesticides to protect humans. The extensive use of pesticides caused serious health problems for humans, environmental damage, and mosquito resistance to synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of Datura stramonium extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and aqueous) against larvae and adults of Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti with phytochemical profiles. Bioassays were conducted under laboratory conditions, and lethal concentrations (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) were calculated after 24 and 48 h. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed the strongest ability to kill larvae, with LC₅₀ values of 40.19 ppm for Cx. pipiens and 71.46 ppm for Ae. aegypti. In adulticidal assays, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts induced the highest mortality rates (up to 88 %) at 100 ppm. The methanol extract exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, recording the largest inhibition zone (27 mm) against Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25 mm) and Candida albicans (22 mm). highlighting its potential as a dual-function natural agent with both insecticidal and antimicrobial properties. UPLC/MS analysis identified several bioactive phytochemicals, including alkaloids withanolides, alkaloids, phenolic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids, that may contribute to the observed effects. The n-hexane extract revealed twelve volatile components from the mono-, di-, and sesquiterpenoid classes, along with volatile alkaloids such as nicotine and scopolamine. Antimicrobial tests also revealed moderate to high inhibition against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the genes Apismin, Defincin 1, SFCYP1, SFCYP4, SFCYP5, and SFRYR were significantly increased, while SFCYP3 was consistently decreased in both Datura and pesticide. However, SFCYP2 is believed to increase in pesticide and decreased in Datura. These findings highlight Datura stramonium as an available, eco-friendly, and promising natural alternative to synthetic insecticides for vector control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effects of seasonal variation and climatic factors on gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasitism in dogs and cats from the Azores archipelago - Portugal.","authors":"Romana Teixeira, Isilda Flor, Telmo Nunes, Carlos Pinto, Maria Constança Pomba, Luís Madeira de Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aimed to assess the potential seasonal variations on parasite prevalence and intensity in dog and cat feces from the Azores archipelago (Portugal), as well to evaluate the effects of climatic variables (rainfall and temperature) in the development of parasitic infections. Between Januray-December 2023, a total of 297 and 301 fecal samples from dogs and cats (respectively) were collected on five Azorean islands - Flores, Corvo, Terceira, São Miguel and Santa Maria - and then analyzed using the Mini-FLOTAC and Baermann methods. Weather data was also retrieved for this timeframe, to assess the effects of climatic factors in parasite infection. Toxocaridae reached significant prevalence values in summer (21-23 %), for dogs and cats. The opposite occurred regarding parasites intensity, being overall EPG/OPG/LPG counts higher in autumn. The presence of certain parasite species in canine and feline feces, namely Ancylostomatidae and Cystoisospora spp., was correlated with rainfall. Temperature favored the shedding of Trichuris vulpis and Toxocara cati eggs in pets' feces, as well as Aelurostrongylus abstrusus larvae. The present study was the first one to entail on effects of seasonality and climatic variables in populations of domestic carnivores from the Azores archipelago. It allowed us to successfully confirm seasonal variation on parasite intensity, as well as some prevalence variation in certain parasites species (Toxocaridae), filling this gap in the archipelago. Moreover, we have successfully proven the influence of climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature in the prevalence of certain parasitic forms in dog and cat feces. Plus, the identification of zoonotic species still presents a concern to public health, highlighting the need to implement more effective measures to control these agents, namely under the scope of ESCCAP Guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and phylogenetic analyses of Stephanurus dentatus reveal close relationships with the Chabertiidae family and new insights into Strongyloidea phylogeny.","authors":"Vitória Maximiana Soares Dos Santos, Gustavo Henrique Russo, Patrícia Parreira Perin, Andresa Souza Pollo, Carmen Arias-Pacheco, Talita Oliveira Mendonça, Wilson Junior Oliveira, André Mota Alves, Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The parasitic nematode Stephanurus dentatus has been documented in Brazil and other tropical regions, where it has been linked to significant economic losses in pig and wild boar populations. Despite its evident relevance, detailed morphological descriptions are scarce, and its current classification within the Syngamidae family has recently been called into question by mitochondrial data. This study takes an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological characterisation using light and scanning electron microscopy with a phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated 18S and ITS sequences from 45 Strongylida species. We describe in detail the morphology of this parasite, including distinct features in copulatory structures and tail morphology. Our results support the positioning of S. dentatus in the Chabertiidae, reinforcing the paraphyly of Strongyloidea.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring a low-compatibility population of Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca: Gastropoda) as a model for studying host-parasite interactions with Schistosoma mansoni (Trematoda: Digenea).","authors":"Cristhiane Oliveira da Fonseca, Marina de Moraes Mourão, Vitor do Espirito Santo Pimentel, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Delza de Moura Soares Reis, Kleiton Esteves Costa, Dílcia Maria Repetição, Ludmila Gomes Muniz Rodrigues, Omar Dos Santos Carvalho, Lângia Colli Montresor, Roberta Lima Caldeira","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2025.103176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most populations of Biomphalaria glabrata are highly compatible with Schistosoma mansoni strains, making it challenging to identify low-compatibility models to host-parasite interaction research. This study evaluated a B. glabrata population with low compatibility with the LE strain (SmLE) as a model. First, pigmented low susceptibility (LS) and albino susceptible (S) snails were paired to produce three progeny groups: Crossings (CR) between LS × S, LS (LS × LS), and S (S × S). F1 snails were individually challenged with SmLE, and compatibility and reproductive parameters were analyzed. Second, mass crossbreeding (150LS + 150S) produced F1 snails, later challenged with SmLE. Unchallenged F1 snails were then used for new mass crossbreeding, either without (CR1) or with (CR2) the introduction of LS snails (1:1 ratio). The F2 snails were challenged, and compatibility was assessed. In the pairings, the CR snails were predominantly pigmented (CRp). At 8 miracidia/snail challenge, F1 snails compatibility following the pattern S > CRp > LS, consistent in both pairings and mass crossbreeding. In F2, CR1 resembled S, while CR2 showed intermediate compatibility (S=CR1 > CR2 > LS). Although crossings led to a reduction in the compatibility of the progeny F1 compared to the S group, the results suggest that resistance transfer between LS and S B. glabrata populations is less effective than previously demonstrated for susceptible/compatible and resistant/incompatible populations of the Biomphalaria tenagophila. Traditional snail control measures (e.g., environmental modifications) are inadvisable in transmission foci maintained by B. glabrata. This study demonstrates that the population tested is not suitable for snail control strategies, although it may serve as a valuable experimental model for investigating host-parasite interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":" ","pages":"103176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity, ecological status and species associations of myxozoans (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) parasites of Labeo senegalensis Valenciennes, 1842 (Cyprinidae) from lake Maga in Cameroon","authors":"Arnaud Deli ,&nbsp;Guy Benoit Lekeufack-Folefack ,&nbsp;Bienvenu Feudjio-Dongmo ,&nbsp;Nelly Ornelle Onana-Ateba ,&nbsp;Amandine Estelle Tchoutezo-Tiwa ,&nbsp;Abraham Fomena","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classical parasitological methods, including fish autopsy and search of myxozoan species, were applied to examine 229 specimens of <em>Labeo senegalensis</em> collected monthly from Lake Maga, Cameroon, between October 2018 and August 2019. The myxosporean fauna of <em>L. senegalensis</em> was diverse and abundant, with 16 species recorded. Among these, <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.2, <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.6, <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.10, <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.2, and <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.3 were common. Intermediate occurrence was observed for <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.1<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.3<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.4<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.5<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.7<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.8<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.11<em>, Thelohanellus</em> sp.1 and <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.4, whereas <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.9 and <em>Myxidium</em> sp. were scarce. The mean cyst load was high for <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.2<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.5 and <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.1; low for <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.3<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.4<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.6<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.8<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp. 11, <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.2 and <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.3; and very low for <em>Myxobolus</em> sp.1<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.7<em>, Myxobolus</em> sp.9 and <em>Thelohanellus</em> sp.4. Multiple infections were common: parasitism by five species occurred most frequently (26.8 %), followed by parasitism by six species (18.7 %). Monospecific infections were rare, with only four cases (1.8 %) recorded. Dice's coefficient combined with Forbes' index revealed eight strong associations between pairs of parasite species, significantly deviating from random expectations; six of these involved common parasite species. Conversely, five associations were less frequent than expected and involved species that typically colonized distinct host organs. Analysis of cyst load correlations indicated 15 positive and 8 negative Kendall's rank correlations among species. These findings suggest that polyspecific infections and positive interspecific interactions may contribute substantially to the pathogenic potential of myxozoan parasites in L. <em>senegalensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 103174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasites in the bloodstream: Unraveling hematological chaos and clinical implications","authors":"Bing Pang ,&nbsp;Atieh Raoufi ,&nbsp;Zahra Taghinejad ,&nbsp;Milad Fakhraei ,&nbsp;Mahsa Loran Esfahani ,&nbsp;Parisa Heydari ,&nbsp;Omolbanin Sargazi Aval ,&nbsp;Hamed Soleimani Samarkhazan","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parasitic infections pose a significant global health burden, particularly in regions with limited medical resources and poor sanitation. These infections often have detrimental effects on the human body, including disruptions to the hematopoietic system, the intricate network responsible for blood cell production. Parasites such as <em>Plasmodium</em>, <em>Schistosoma</em>, and <em>Leishmania</em> are notorious for causing blood disorders such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. Understanding the intricate interactions between parasites and the hematopoietic system is crucial for developing effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies. This review explores the multifaceted effects of parasitic infections on hematological parameters. The mechanisms are explored by which parasites can disrupt red blood cell production, leading to various types of anemia. Additionally, we examined the effects of parasites on platelet counts and white blood cell populations, highlighting the potential for both thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis. Furthermore, the role of parasites is examined in inducing coagulation disorders and the implications for clinical management. By understanding the complex interplay between parasites and the hematopoietic system, healthcare professionals can develop more targeted and effective interventions to address the significant health challenges posed by parasitic infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 103172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoparasites in yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in the wild through coproparasitological tools","authors":"Mariané Belen Mañez ,&nbsp;Alan Ariel Santilli Poch ,&nbsp;Josefina Lacunza ,&nbsp;Juan Facundo Draque ,&nbsp;Mariano Barros ,&nbsp;Lorena De Felice ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Unzaga ,&nbsp;Julia Inés Diaz","doi":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parint.2025.103173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Snakes constitute the largest group of reptiles and play a crucial role in food chains, contributing to the balance of ecosystems. Despite this, they remain the least studied reptiles in the wild. This study aimed to identify the parasitic forms present in a wild population of yellow anacondas (<em>Eunectes notaeus</em>) from La Estrella marsh, Formosa, Argentina, through faecal matter analysis using flotation, sedimentation, and staining techniques. Between 2019 and 2023, 150 faecal samples were collected from the “Yellow Anaconda Management Program” in Fortín La Soledad. The samples were processed using the qualitative modified Ritchie sedimentation technique (ST), Willis flotation technique (FT), and Kinyoun staining. Parasitic forms belonging to four taxa were recovered. The prevalence of parasitism (P) was 64 % (ST) and 38 % (FT), and the following taxa were detected: <em>Crepidobothrium</em> sp. (Cestoda) eggs (<em>P</em> = 44.66 % ST and 24.66 % FT), <em>Telorchis</em> sp. (Digenea) eggs (<em>P</em> = 26 % ST and 18 % FT), and Nematoda larvae and eggs (<em>P</em> = 12 % ST and 2.66 % FT). Also, coccidia were detected using the FT (<em>P</em> = 1.33 %). The Ritchie method was more effective than the Willis method, specifically in recovering <em>Crepidobothrium</em> eggs and nematode larvae, while the Willis method was the only one that detected coccidia. No <em>Cryptosporidium</em> oocysts were found. In this study, the diagnosis of parasitic forms represents a valuable contribution to the ophidian parasitology, as well as an evaluation of the effectiveness of the techniques used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19983,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology International","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 103173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}