Pathology & Oncology Research最新文献

{"title":"3D bioprinting and the revolution in experimental cancer model systems-A review of developing new models and experiences with <i>in vitro</i> 3D bioprinted breast cancer tissue-mimetic structures.","authors":"Dániel Sztankovics, Dorottya Moldvai, Gábor Petővári, Rebeka Gelencsér, Ildikó Krencz, Regina Raffay, Titanilla Dankó, Anna Sebestyén","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610996","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing evidence propagates those alternative technologies (relevant human cell-based-e.g., organ-on-chips or biofabricated models-or artificial intelligence-combined technologies) that could help <i>in vitro</i> test and predict human response and toxicity in medical research more accurately. <i>In vitro</i> disease model developments have great efforts to create and serve the need of reducing and replacing animal experiments and establishing human cell-based <i>in vitro</i> test systems for research use, innovations, and drug tests. We need human cell-based test systems for disease models and experimental cancer research; therefore, <i>in vitro</i> three-dimensional (3D) models have a renaissance, and the rediscovery and development of these technologies are growing ever faster. This recent paper summarises the early history of cell biology/cellular pathology, cell-, tissue culturing, and cancer research models. In addition, we highlight the results of the increasing use of 3D model systems and the 3D bioprinted/biofabricated model developments. Moreover, we present our newly established 3D bioprinted luminal B type breast cancer model system, and the advantages of <i>in vitro</i> 3D models, especially the bioprinted ones. Based on our results and the reviewed developments of <i>in vitro</i> breast cancer models, the heterogeneity and the real <i>in vivo</i> situation of cancer tissues can be represented better by using 3D bioprinted, biofabricated models. However, standardising the 3D bioprinting methods is necessary for future applications in different high-throughput drug tests and patient-derived tumour models. Applying these standardised new models can lead to the point that cancer drug developments will be more successful, efficient, and consequently cost-effective in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9946983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer apelin receptor suppresses vascular mimicry in malignant melanoma.","authors":"Koichi Inukai, Kazuyoshi Kise, Yumiko Hayashi, Weizhen Jia, Fumitaka Muramatsu, Naoki Okamoto, Hirotaka Konishi, Keigo Akuta, Hiroyasu Kidoya, Nobuyuki Takakura","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610867","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several reports indicate that apelin is often over-expressed in tumors, and therefore it has been suggested that the apelin-apelin receptor (APJ) system may induce tumor progression. In contrast, our previous research revealed high expression of the apelin-APJ system in tumor blood vessels, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of tumor vessel formation and normalization, resulting in the suppression of tumor growth by promoting the infiltration of T cells. Thus, the effect of the apelin-APJ system on tumors remains controversial. In this report, to clarify the effect of apelin in tumor cells, we analyzed the function of APJ in tumor cells using APJ knock out (KO) mice. In APJ-KO mice, Apelin overexpression in B16/BL6 (B16) melanoma cells induced greater tumor growth than controls. In an APJ-KO melanoma inoculation model, although angiogenesis is suppressed compared to wild type, no difference is evident in tumor growth. We found that APJ deficiency promoted vascular mimicry in tumors. <i>In vitro</i>, cultured APJ-KO B16 cells demonstrated a spindle-like shape. This phenotypic change was thought to be induced by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) based on evidence that APJ-KO B16 cells show persistently high levels of the mesenchymal maker, Zeb1; however, we found that EMT did not correlate with the transforming growth factor-β/smad signaling pathway in our model. We propose that apelin-APJ system in cancer cells induces tumor growth but negatively regulates EMT and tumor malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9912982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9297151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: MiR-543 Inhibits the Migration and Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition of TGF-β-Treated Endometrial Stromal Cells via the MAPK and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1611110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1611110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609761.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9617600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated oxidative stress score for predicting prognosis in stage III gastric cancer undergoing surgery.","authors":"Yu-Hang Liu,&nbsp;Rui Meng,&nbsp;Bing Zhu,&nbsp;Qi-Qi Zhan,&nbsp;Xin Yang,&nbsp;Guan-Yi Ding,&nbsp;Chun-Liang Jia,&nbsp;Qian-Yu Liu,&nbsp;Wei-Guo Xu","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1610897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to develop a novel scoring system, named the integrated oxidative stress score (IOSS), based on oxidative stress indices to predict the prognosis in stage III gastric cancer. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective analysis of stage III gastric cancer patients who were operated on between January 2014 and December 2016 were enrolled into this research. IOSS is a comprehensive index based on an achievable oxidative stress index, comprising albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and direct bilirubin. The patients were divided according to receiver operating characteristic curve into two groups of low IOSS (IOSS ≤ 2.00) and high IOSS (IOSS > 2.00). The grouping variable was performed by Chi-square test or Fisher's precision probability test. The continuous variables were evaluated by t-test. The disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed by Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank tests. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression models and stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were determined to appraise the potential prognostic factors for DFS and OS. A nomogram of the potential prognostic factors by the multivariate analysis for DFS and OS was established with R software. In order to assess the accuracy of the nomogram in forecasting prognosis, the calibration curve and decision curve analysis were produced, contrasting the observed outcomes with the predicted outcomes. <b>Results:</b> The IOSS was significantly correlated with the DFS and OS, and was a potential prognostic factor in patients with stage III gastric cancer. Patients with low IOSS had longer survival (DFS: χ² = 6.632, <i>p</i> = 0.010; OS: χ² = 6.519, <i>p</i> = 0.011), and higher survival rates. According to the univariate and multivariate analyses, the IOSS was a potential prognostic factor. The nomograms were conducted on the potential prognostic factors to improve the correctness of survival prediction and evaluate the prognosis in stage III gastric cancer patients. The calibration curve indicated a good agreement in 1-, 3-, 5-year lifetime rates. The decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram's predictive clinical utility for clinical decision was better than IOSS. <b>Conclusion:</b> IOSS is a nonspecific tumor predictor based on available oxidative stress index, and low IOSS is found to be a vigorous factor of better prognosis in stage III gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10272382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9654452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CVM-1118 (foslinanib), a 2-phenyl-4-quinolone derivative, promotes apoptosis and inhibits vasculogenic mimicry via targeting TRAP1.","authors":"Lifen Shen,&nbsp;Yen-Ling Chen,&nbsp;Chu-Chun Huang,&nbsp;Yu-Chiau Shyu,&nbsp;Richard E B Seftor,&nbsp;Elisabeth A Seftor,&nbsp;Mary J C Hendrix,&nbsp;Du-Shieng Chien,&nbsp;Yi-Wen Chu","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1611038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1611038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CVM-1118 (foslinanib) is a phosphoric ester compound selected from 2-phenyl-4-quinolone derivatives. The NCI 60 cancer panel screening showed CVM-1125, the major active metabolite of CVM-1118, to exhibit growth inhibitory and cytotoxic effects at nanomolar range. CVM-1118 possesses multiple bioactivities, including inducing cellular apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at G₂/M, as well as inhibiting vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation. The TNF receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1) was identified as the binding target of CVM-1125 using nematic protein organization technique (NPOT) interactome analysis. Further studies demonstrated CVM-1125 reduced the protein level of TRAP1 and impeded its downstream signaling by reduction of cellular succinate levels and destabilization of HIF-1α. The pharmacogenomic biomarkers associated with CVM-1118 were also examined by Whole Genome CRISPR Knock-Out Screening. Two hits (<i>STK11</i> and <i>NF2</i>) were confirmed with higher sensitivity to the drug in cell knock-down experiments. Biological assays indicate that the mechanism of action of CVM-1118 is via targeting TRAP1 to induce mitochondrial apoptosis, suppress tumor cell growth, and inhibit vasculogenic mimicry formation. Most importantly, the loss-of-function mutations of <i>STK11</i> and <i>NF2</i> are potential biomarkers of CVM-1118 which can be applied in the selection of cancer patients for CVM-1118 treatment. CVM-1118 is currently in its Phase 2a clinical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10283505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9713614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with EBV-positive component of squamous cell carcinoma mixed with gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma: A novel case report and literature review.","authors":"Chang Lu,&nbsp;Jizhen Feng,&nbsp;Zhigang Yao,&nbsp;Lei Shi,&nbsp;Jiamei Li","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1610902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with EBV-positive component of squamous cell carcinoma mixed with gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma are extremely unusual variants of gastric carcinoma. We herein reported such a case and summarized five related cases that have been reported previously. <b>Case presentation:</b> A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with upper abdominal discomfort and acid reflux. Gastric endoscopic examination revealed an irregular ulcer in the gastric angle. Biopsy of the lesion revealed adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection subsequently. Histologically, the tumor showed coexistence of GASC and GCLS. SCC and GCLS were positive for EBER <i>in situ</i> hybridization, while adenocarcinoma component was negative. Accordingly, the present case was diagnosed as GASC with EBV-positive component of SCC mixed with GCLS. <b>Conclusion:</b> GASC with EBV-positive component of SCC mixed with GCLS is extremely rare. Although the pathogenesis of GASC and the role of EBV in the development of an ASC component have not been fully elucidated, this case will help clinicians and pathologists better understand this special subtype of gastric tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10767227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-grade oncocytic tumour (LOT) of the kidney is characterised by GATA3 positivity, FOXI1 negativity and mTOR pathway mutations.","authors":"Tongbing Chen,&nbsp;Yan Peng,&nbsp;Ting Lei,&nbsp;Chao Wu,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Yongqiang Shi","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1610852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1610852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> We present a 5-case series of low-grade oncocytic tumour of the kidney to further discuss their clinicopathological characteristics. <b>Methods and results:</b> Five patients were included in this study. There were three females and two males aged 45-66 years, with a median age of 65 years. Four tumours were located in the right kidney, and one was located in the left kidney. Most of the tumour sections were yellow-brown in colour. Tumour sizes ranged from 2.5 to 4.5 cm, with a median size of 3 cm. Microscopically, the tumours were well-circumscribed but lacked a fibrous capsule; the tumours consisted of monomorphous oncocytic cells arranged mainly in solid and nested architectural patterns. The tumour cells had uniformly round to oval nuclei and often had perinuclear halos but lacked significant irregularities. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells showed a diffuse and strong positivity for CK7 and were negative for CD117. The tumour cells were also positive for GATA3, E-cadherin, Pax-8, Succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) and Fumarate hydratase (FH), and negative for vimentin, Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), CD10, P504s, CK20, TFE3, TFEB, HMB45, ALK and Forkhead box protein I1 (FOXI1). Next-generation sequencing identified genetic variations in these tumours, including <i>MTOR</i> gene mutations (4/5) and <i>PIK3CA</i> gene mutation (1/5). All patients were alive without disease progression at a median follow-up of 32 months (range 10-57 months). <b>Conclusion:</b> LOT is an emerging renal entity of indolent behaviour that has morphologic overlap with some renal tumours with eosinophilic cytoplasm, primarily with oncocytoma and eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Familiarity with the distinctive morphological features, immunophenotype and molecular genetics of LOT helps avoid misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9928737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10800033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitiligo-like lesions induced by cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Shan Gao,&nbsp;Guanjing Wei,&nbsp;Yanrong Hao","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1611115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1611115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine therapy has played an essential role in hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. With the continuous development of endocrine targeting drugs, especially the emergence of selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4/6) inhibitors, the overall survival time in patients with HR+HER2- advanced breast cancer has been greatly improved. Their adverse reactions also need more attention in response to the climbing number of CDK4/6 inhibitors. The common side effects of CDK4/6 inhibitors were hematological toxicity, diarrhea, and liver function damage. Skin toxicity related to CDK4/6 inhibitors was rare. We describe herein our preliminary observation of one HR+HER2- advanced metastatic breast cancer patient diagnosed with vitiligo-like lesions after 10 months of taking Palbociclib. Hoping to share our experience to increase the clinician awareness of this unusual adverse and contribute to the information in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10358287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9860898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grade Group accuracy is improved by extensive prostate biopsy sampling, but unrelated to prostatectomy specimen sampling or use of immunohistochemistry.","authors":"Kristóf Levente Korpás,&nbsp;Lívia Beke,&nbsp;Dániel Varga,&nbsp;László Bidiga,&nbsp;Gábor Méhes,&nbsp;Sarolta Molnár","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1611157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1611157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the accurate Grade Group of a prostate needle biopsy specimen is essential for choosing the adequate therapeutic modality for prostate cancer patients. However, it is well-known that biopsy Grade Group tends to up- or downgrade significantly at radical prostatectomy. We aimed to investigate the correlation between accuracy and biopsy core number, performed immunohistochemical staining (IHC) or prostatectomy specimen sampling, with the latest also being correlated with higher detection rates of adverse pathological features, e.g., positive surgical margins, higher pathological stage or presence of perineural invasion (PnI status). The study cohort consisted of 315 consecutive patients diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma via transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy who later underwent radical prostatectomy. We grouped and compared patients based on Grade Group accuracy, presence of IHC on biopsy, margin status, pathological stage, and PnI status. Inter-observer reproducibility was also calculated. Statistical analyzes included ANOVA, Tukey's multiple comparisons <i>post hoc</i> test, Chi-squared test, and Fleiss kappa statistics. Undergraded cases harboured a significantly lower number of biopsy cores (<i>p</i> < 0.05), than accurately graded cases. Using IHC did not affect grading accuracy significantly, nor did the number of slides from prostatectomy specimens. The mean number of slides was virtually identical when margin status, pathological stage and PnI status of prostatectomy specimens were compared. Inter-observer reproducibility at our institute was calculated as fair (overall kappa = 0.29). Grade Group accuracy is significantly improved by obtaining more cores at biopsy but is unrelated to performed IHC. The extent of sampling prostatectomy specimens, however, did not affect accuracy and failed to significantly improve detection of adverse pathological features.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9805774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Vulval sebaceous carcinoma: a report of two cases and literature review focus on treatment and survival.","authors":"Xiaoxue Wang,&nbsp;Xin Wei","doi":"10.3389/pore.2023.1611259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2023.1611259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma (SC) arising in the vulva is extremely rare that no treatment consensus has been well-defined. <b>Case presentation:</b> We here presented two cases of vulval SC in a 31-year-old and a 62-year-old woman, respectively. Radical wide local excision was performed with free margin and they received no postoperative adjuvant therapy. No evidence of disease was detected after follow-ups for 12 months and 49 months, respectively. A comprehensive literature review of vulval SC was further conducted and other ten cases were included. The mean age was 55.9 years, nine patients were diagnosed with FIGO stage I diseases while the remaining three patients had metastatic lesions at initial diagnosis. Surgery was the mainstay treatment option that 11 (91.7%) underwent surgical resection, of which 5 patients received inguinal lymphadenectomy and 2 patients showed lymph nodes involved. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given in 2 and 1 patient, respectively. Two patients experienced recurrence within 1 year after initial therapy. At the final follow-up, ten patients had no evidence of disease, one patient was alive with the disease, and only one died of the disease. <b>Conclusion:</b> Radical wide local excision may be preferred in early-stage vulval SC and utilization of sentinel lymph node sampling should be recommended. Postoperative adjuvant therapy may be spared in patients with negative surgical margin and absence of lymph node involvement. Treatment of vulval SC referring to the guidelines of vulvar cancer should be administered in case of positive margins or metastatic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10345201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9816103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}