Pathology & Oncology Research最新文献

{"title":"Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in Hungary: a real-world analysis (2013-2022).","authors":"Krisztina Bogos, András Bajcsay, Gabriella Gálffy, Lilla Tamási, Zsolt Pápai-Székely, Veronika Sárosi, Anikó Maráz, Regina Pálföldi, Lilla Horváth, Judit Hoffer, Szilvia Szécsényi, Kata Kirschner, Celia Blasszauer, Dániel Reibl, Ida Komka, Anna A Ascsillán, Lajos V Kemény, Gyula Ostoros","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612491","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study provides a comprehensive nationwide analysis of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in Hungary, examining incidence rates, demographic trends, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes. We used data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) covering the period of 2013-2022, and we analyzed 8,104 ES-SCLC patients who received first-line (1L) etoposide-platinum (EP) chemotherapy, all of whom were confirmed to not have received concomitant chemoradiotherapy or curative thoracic surgery and had histology results in line with SCLC. We evaluated epidemiology, regional distribution, radiotherapy use, and subsequent treatment pathways. For the efficacy analysis, we narrowed the cohort to 5,576 patients who initiated EP within 1 year of their first C34-coded lung cancer diagnosis between 2013 and 2019, enabling 3-year follow-up. Key endpoints included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), the latter of which was inferred using time to first subsequent therapy (TFST). Our results revealed a shifting age distribution toward the age group above 70 years, while the male-to-female ratio gradually evened out. Treatment patterns showed the increasing use of carboplatin over cisplatin and frequent short course radiotherapy. Among those who underwent subsequent therapy, EP rechallenge was most widespread. Despite high initial response rates, survival outcomes remained poor: median PFS was 6.5 months (6-month: 52.9%, 1-year: 19%, 3-year: 5.2%), and median OS was 9.3 months (6-month: 69.8%, 1-year: 37.5%, 3-year: 9.2%). These results were in line with international real-world evidence and clinical trial data. Our findings highlight the aggressive nature of ES-SCLC and provide insight to the limited efficacy of chemotherapy-based therapies, underscoring the need to improve existing 1L and subsequent-line treatments and to introduce novel options. As Hungary transitions into the immunotherapy era, future studies with extended follow-up that incorporate staging, radiotherapy intent, comorbidities, and progression data will be essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13422220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the histopathologic measurement of tumor-visceral peritoneal distance and prognosis in T3 colon adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Özgecan Hamdemir, Semin Ayhan, Ömer Atmış, Ömer Acar","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612480","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the relationship between microscopic tumor-visceral peritoneal distance (T-VPD) and histopathological markers of aggressiveness in pT3 colon adenocarcinoma and to assess its prognostic significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 329 resection specimens were retrospectively analyzed. T-VPD was defined as the shortest distance between the deepest invasive tumor front and the true serosal surface. Cut-off values of ≤0.01 cm, ≤0.05 cm, ≤0.1 cm, and ≤0.5 cm were evaluated. Associations with adverse histopathological features were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed in 181 patients with available follow-up using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T-VPD ≤0.5 cm was independently associated with lymphovascular invasion, whereas T-VPD ≤0.05 cm correlated with poor differentiation and tumor deposits. In OS analysis, advanced age, nodal metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion were adverse prognostic factors, while a strong peritumoral lymphocytic response was protective. Tumor deposits predicted worse DFS, and peritumoral lymphocytic response remained protective. T-VPD was not an independent predictor of survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T-VPD reflects aggressive tumor behavior but lacks independent prognostic value. Combined with established adverse features, it may provide additional information for risk stratification in pT3 colon cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and clinicopathological features of somatic neoplasms arising in ovarian mature teratomas: a single-center experience.","authors":"Şenay Yıldırım, Gül Alkan Bülbül, Döndü Nergiz, Hülya Tosun Yıldırım, Arif Hakan Önder, Işın Üreyen","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612455","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Somatic neoplasms arising in mature teratomas (SN-MT) are rare clinical entities that pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aims to determine the frequency of SN-MT and evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics that distinguish these cases from uncomplicated mature teratomas (MT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 500 cases of presumed ovarian mature teratomas evaluated at a single center between 2006 and 2021. After strict exclusion criteria, 385 patients were included. All histopathological slides underwent systematic pathological re-evaluation by expert pathologists. Clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were compared between the MT and SN-MT groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence of somatic neoplasms (benign and malignant) was 3.1% (n = 12), with a malignant transformation rate of 2.07% (n = 8). The histological spectrum was highly heterogeneous and comprised both benign and malignant entities. Benign tumors identified in MTs included paraganglioma, choroid plexus papilloma, and adnexal tumor, whereas malignant tumors included squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, adult-type granulosa cell tumor, and mixed carcinoma. The SN-MT group exhibited significantly larger mean tumor diameters compared to the MT group (9.45 ± 4.22 cm vs. 6.67 ± 3.32 cm, p < 0.05). On gross examination, mixed solid-cystic architecture was a powerful predictor of neoplasia (83.3% in SN-MT vs. 22.3% in MT, p < 0.0001). Preoperative serum tumor markers (CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA) showed no significant discriminatory value. False-negative findings on intraoperative frozen section analysis may be attributable to the focal distribution of these lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SN-MT is a rare but histologically diverse condition. Large tumor size and the presence of solid components on macroscopic examination should raise suspicion of somatic transformation. Given the limitations of frozen section analysis and serum markers, rigorous macroscopic sampling and expert pathological examination remain the gold standard for diagnosis. While early-stage disease carries a favorable prognosis, the heterogeneity of subtypes necessitates individualized management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating an RNA-based test for proliferation assessment and recurrence prediction in early HR+/HER2- breast cancer.","authors":"Marcus Vetter, Elena Diana Chiru, Anna Gasior, Joanna Gorniak, Sara Rollinson, Leanne Gough, Mathew Harrison, Martina Sonderegger-Stalder, Matthias Matter, Simone Muenst, Christian Kurzeder","doi":"10.3389/pore.2025.1612113","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2025.1612113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multigene signatures like Oncotype DX and Prosigna Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) help estimate distant recurrence risk in patients with luminal breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy. Determining the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy, tests are costly and not always supported through reimbursement. We aimed to assess the utility of the APIS Breast cancer subtyping kit (BCSK) and its proliferation score (PS), as a potential prognostic assay. We analysed 141 adult patients with early luminal HER2- breast cancer diagnosed between 2020 and 2022 at Cantonal Hospital Basel-Land and Basel University Hospital. All patients had a valid OncotypeDX^® Recurrence Score (RS) and received at least one line of adjuvant therapy. Molecular subtype and PS were obtained using the APIS BCSK. We performed the Prosigna PAM50 risk of recurrence (ROR) test on a subset of 59 patients. Our findings showed high concordance at the single marker level (estrogen receptor -ESR1, progesterone receptor - PGR, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 - ERBB2 and marker of proliferation Ki-67 - MKI67), and between the BCSK and PAM50 subtype (overall percent agreement, OPA-71.2%). Notably, BCSK showed stronger agreement with immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based subtypes (OPA: 71.2%) than PAM50 with IHC (OPA: 54.2%). The BCSK PS correlated moderately with Prosigna PAM50 ROR (ρ = 0.4787) and more weakly with Oncotype DX RS (ρ = 0.4006). The correlation between ROR and RS was weak (ρ = 0.2255). In this preliminary comparison, the APIS BCSK and PS demonstrate promising potential as an initial molecular subtyping and risk stratification tool for breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"31 ","pages":"1612113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13388230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity from the perspective of the liver.","authors":"Miklós Csala, József Mandl","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612376","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucose is at the center of liver metabolism, and together with NADPH, it is an essential factor in hepatic regulation and adaptation to different metabolic states. The liver plays a fundamental role in the development of obesity. Excess food intake, particularly excess glucose, primarily burdens liver metabolism. The hepatocyte-specific glycogenoreticular system, a functional unit based on the tight interaction between glycogen particles and the ER, is central to the storage and distribution of glucose throughout the body. Additionally, the liver converts excess glucose into ketogenic molecules. The liver is the most important site for glucogenic to ketogenic conversion in the body. However, the escape route offered by unrestricted fatty acid synthesis and deposition takes its toll in the long run. An NADPH pool is also a pivotal connection among intermediary metabolism, redox homeostasis, and drug metabolism in hepatocytes. Preservation and recovery of excess glucose is a commitment, which presents a potential pitfall. Overfeeding can lead to pathological consequences by disrupting regulatory mechanisms. The fulfillment of metabolic goals by the liver plays a significant role in the development of various pathological conditions, such as fatty liver, obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13384905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and tolerability of scalp cooling in preventing alopecia during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.","authors":"Dóra Sántha, Ágnes Dobi, Máté Iványi, Domonkos Válóczi, Zoltán Varga, Judit Oláh, Aliz Nikolényi","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612403","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Modern chemotherapies substantially improve survival rates in patients with breast cancer; however, its associated adverse effects can markedly diminish quality of life. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is among the most common and distressing side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the PAXMAN® scalp cooling system in preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia among women with breast cancer receiving (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective clinical study enrolling patients with early-stage breast cancer who received Orbis PAXMAN® scalp cooling during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. The extent of alopecia was assessed at the discontinuation of scalp cooling using the CTCAE v5 scale. Patient characteristics-age, menopausal status, hair length, color, quality, and prior treatments (e.g., dyeing, perming), as well as skin type, eye color, comorbidities, alcohol consumption, smoking, and chemotherapy regimen-were recorded. Associations between patient-related factors and the severity of alopecia were analyzed. Patients evaluated pain, cold sensation, and overall tolerability of the cooling process using a visual analogue scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty female patients were enrolled. The mean age was 52 years (range 31-77); 27 patients were premenopausal and 23 were postmenopausal. Forty-two patients received an anthracycline-based regimen, while eight received anthracycline-free chemotherapy. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 31 cases due to severe alopecia and in one case due to intolerable pain. Grade 1 alopecia was observed in 18 patients (36%). The cooling cap combined with a 60-min post-cooling period demonstrated a promising success rate among patients receiving anthracycline-free regimens (69%), whereas efficacy was less favorable in anthracycline-based protocols (37.5%). Among the examined patient characteristics, only the presence of comorbidities showed a significant association with the severity of alopecia (p = 0.028). Most patients found the scalp cooling system comfortable; the mean scalp pain score was 2.17 and the mean cold sensation score was 3.9 on the visual analogue scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Orbis PAXMAN® scalp cooling system is an effective and well-tolerated method for preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia, particularly in patients receiving anthracycline-free regimens. The presence of comorbidities significantly increased the risk of severe alopecia. While this study confirms that the efficacy of scalp cooling is strongly influenced by the chemotherapy regimen, further research is warranted to optimize patient selection and improve outcomes, especially for those undergoing anthracycline-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric extranasal, EBV-negative, extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma; case report.","authors":"Rachel Gallant, Osman Khan","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612318","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphomas (ENKTCL) are rare, aggressive neoplasms primarily occurring in adults of Asian or Native American descent. Most are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and originate in the nasopharyngeal region. We present the case of a fulminant, disseminated, non-nasal, EBV negative, seemingly de novo ENKTCL in an infant who presented with a five-day history of progressive abdominal distention, respiratory distress, irritability, non-bilious emesis, right eye proptosis, and pallor. Initial labs revealed leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Computerized axial tomography revealed densities in the right optic nerve, superior orbits, thymus, posterior mediastinum, pericardium, myocardium, axillary lymph nodes, adrenal glands, kidneys and pancreas. The patient rapidly deteriorated, and despite extensive resuscitation, ultimately died. Autopsy revealed tumors in many organs, displaying vascular damage and tissue necrosis with lymphoid infiltration. The likely diagnosis of EBV-negative ENKTCL was confirmed after further histologic analysis. Pediatric ENKTCL is a particularly uncommon tumor, especially given our patient's very young age and EBV-negative status. Determining the best treatment regimen for these children is challenging due to limited data. Treatment typically consists of combination chemotherapy and radiation, but targeted therapies are being explored with promising results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13341571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B vitamins intake and cancer risk: a structured narrative review of evidence on riboflavin, pyridoxine, cobalamin and folate.","authors":"Alexander Bertuccioli, Chiara Maria Palazzi, Irene Asia Massaro, Massimiliano Cazzaniga, Ilaria Cavecchia, Maria Rosaria Matera, Valentina Biagioli, Luca Imperatori, Francesco Di Pierro, Annalisa Belli","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612380","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>B vitamins play key roles in one-carbon metabolism, DNA synthesis and methylation, and redox regulation. Their potential association with cancer risk remains debated due to heterogeneous findings and methodological limitations across studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This structured narrative review aimed to summarize and clinically contextualize the available evidence on the relationship between the intake of vitamins B2 (riboflavin), B6 (pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamin) and folate (vitamin B9) and the risk of selected cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured literature search was performed in PubMed up to 2 September 2025. Evidence was synthesized narratively, prioritizing meta-analyses (including dose-response meta-analyses) of observational studies, and including randomized controlled trials on B-vitamin supplementation when clinically relevant. Methodological quality and risk of bias were appraised narratively focusing on key domains such as exposure assessment, confounding, selection bias, and outcome assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most evidence derives from observational studies assessing dietary intake and circulating biomarkers. Riboflavin and vitamin B6 intake were generally associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in several meta-analyses, including dose-response analyses. Vitamin B12 showed inconsistent associations across cancer sites, with concerns regarding confounding by diet and baseline nutritional status. Folate intake and folic acid supplementation showed mixed findings, with some evidence suggesting protective effects in specific populations, while randomized trials raised concerns about potential adverse effects in selected contexts and dosages. Overall, heterogeneity across studies was substantial, partly explained by differences in exposure definitions, baseline folate fortification policies, and co-interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Available evidence suggests potentially protective associations for riboflavin and vitamin B6-particularly for colorectal cancer-whereas findings for vitamin B12 and folate remain inconsistent and context-dependent. Given relevant methodological limitations and potential biases, further well-designed prospective studies and targeted trials are needed to clarify dose, timing and population-specific effects of B vitamins on cancer risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13328041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple subcutaneous nodules as the primary presentation of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Ying Li, Yanxia Cai, Xiaoyan Xu","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612446","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) frequently involves the skin, typically presenting as rash or pruritus. However, AITL presenting primarily with multiple subcutaneous nodules is exceedingly rare and poses significant diagnostic challenges, often leading to misdiagnosis. We reported a 53-year-old man who presented with widespread subcutaneous nodules. He had a 1-month history of multiple painless subcutaneous nodules on the trunk and upper limbs. Physical examination revealed multiple firm nodules measuring 0.5-2 cm, accompanied by dark red plaques. Laboratory investigations showed mild anemia, elevated inflammatory markers, decreased IgA levels, and increased IgE levels. Imaging findings demonstrated generalized lymphadenopathy. Histopathological examination revealed effacement of the lymph node architecture with atypical lymphoid cells; immunohistochemistry was positive for CD3, CD4, PD-1, and EBER. A diagnosis of AITL of stage III was established. The patient achieved complete remission (CR) after 6 cycles of chidamide plus CHOP chemotherapy, with no evidence of recurrence at 6 months. This case broadens the recognized cutaneous spectrum of AITL and underscores the importance of considering lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of unexplained subcutaneous nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Connexin 43</i> enhances liver metastatic ability of GIST cells <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Takako Kihara, Jiayin Yuan, Takashi Yamasaki, Makoto Yoshida, Mizuka Ohkouchi, Yuka Nakaya-Hashikura, Neinei Kimura, Kanae Hyodo, Chisato Ohe, Seiichi Hirota","doi":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612383","DOIUrl":"10.3389/pore.2026.1612383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Small intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (SI-GISTs) have a higher risk of distant metastasis and recurrence than gastric GISTs (G-GISTs). However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to the poor prognosis of SI-GISTs remain elusive. Previous research has demonstrated that SI-GISTs exhibit elevated expression of <i>Connexin 43</i> (<i>Cx43</i>), a component of gap junctions, whereas G-GISTs exhibit minimal expression. The differential expression of <i>Cx43</i> between G-GISTs and SI-GISTs may account for their distinct clinical behavior. This study aimed to investigate the impact of <i>Cx43</i> on the liver metastatic potential of GIST cells, both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To elucidate the relationship between <i>Cx43</i> expression and poor prognosis in SI-GISTs, we conducted a comparative analysis of original GIST-T1 cells, which express minimal levels of <i>Cx43</i> and represent G-GISTs, and GIST-T1 cells engineered to express high levels of <i>Cx43</i> through transfection with <i>Cx43</i> cDNA (GIST-T1-Cx43 cells), representing SI-GISTs. This was achieved using a newly developed <i>in vivo</i> liver metastasis xenograft mouse model, and the results were corroborated by conventional <i>in vitro</i> experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In GIST cells, <i>Cx43</i> enhanced the liver metastatic potential <i>in vivo</i> (p = 0.010). <i>In vitro</i>, <i>Cx43</i> suppressed cell proliferation (p < 0.001) while promoting migration (p < 0.001), invasion (p = 0.036), tumor-endothelial cell adhesion (p < 0.001), and transendothelial migration (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated <i>Cx43</i> expression may contribute to the poor prognosis of patients with SI-GISTs by enhancing their metastatic potential. <i>Cx43</i> represents a potential novel therapeutic target for the inhibition of SI-GIST metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19981,"journal":{"name":"Pathology & Oncology Research","volume":"32 ","pages":"1612383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}