Parkinsonism & related disorders最新文献

{"title":"Standard of care, falling short: Patient views on accessing physical therapy for Parkinson's disease","authors":"Jennifer H. LeLaurin , Ramzi G. Salloum , Magda Montague , Terry D. Ellis , Michael S. Okun , Daniel M. Corcos","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 108002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of levodopa and carbidopa in patients with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Noriyuki Miyaue ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nagai","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Levodopa pharmacokinetics exhibit substantial interindividual variability. Sex has been recognized as a contributing factor, with female patients frequently showing higher plasma levodopa concentrations than male patients. However, data on the pharmacokinetics of aromatic L‒amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) inhibitors such as carbidopa, which are co‒administered with levodopa, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sex and other variables on the pharmacokinetics of both levodopa and carbidopa in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with PD who underwent pharmacokinetic evaluation following the administration of an oral levodopa/carbidopa formulation in the fasting state. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum plasma concentration, time to reach the maximum concentration, and the area under the plasma concentration‒time curve (AUC), were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with AUC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 42 patients (21 males, 21 females; mean age 72.88 ± 7.51 years) were included. The AUC of levodopa was significantly higher in female patients than in male patients (<em>p</em> = 0.017), while no significant sex‒related differences were observed in the pharmacokinetics of carbidopa. Multiple regression analysis estimated that female sex was associated with a 21.9 % increase in levodopa AUC compared to male sex.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that sex significantly influences levodopa pharmacokinetics but has little effect on carbidopa. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this sex difference and to determine whether similar effects occur with other AADC inhibitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 108006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NOTCH3 p.R544C variant in vascular Parkinsonism: Clinical and imaging correlates in a Taiwanese cohort","authors":"Yueh-Feng Sung ,&nbsp;Shang-Yih Yen ,&nbsp;Jiu-Haw Yin ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ching Chou ,&nbsp;Fu-Chi Yang ,&nbsp;Jiunn-Tay Lee ,&nbsp;Kuo-Sheng Hung ,&nbsp;Chung-Hsing Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vascular parkinsonism (VP) is a heterogeneous syndrome caused by cerebrovascular pathology. While generally distinguishable from Parkinson's disease (PD), overlap may occur in some cases. The genetic basis of VP remains unclear. The role of the <em>NOTCH3</em> p.R544C variant—common in East Asian cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) cohorts—in VP has not been systematically evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective study of 253 patients with parkinsonism (idiopathic PD, VP, or atypical parkinsonism), who underwent clinical evaluation, brain MRI, and testing for the <em>NOTCH3</em> p.R544C variant. A comparison cohort of 48 patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and the same variant but without parkinsonism was also included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The <em>NOTCH3</em> p.R544C variant was significantly more prevalent in VP (30.2 %) than in PD (1.7 %) or atypical parkinsonism (0 %). Among VP patients, variant carriers more often exhibited severe deep white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), external capsule involvement, prior stroke, and family history of stroke. In the CSVD variant-positive cohort, parkinsonism was independently associated with older age and family history of stroke. Compared with PD patients with CSVD, those with VP showed more severe WMH, more frequent external capsule involvement, cerebral microbleeds, cognitive decline, prior stroke, and family history of stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>NOTCH3</em> p.R544C variant is common in VP and linked to distinct clinical and imaging features. Findings suggest targeted genetic testing may improve diagnostic precision in selected VP patients. However, due to the ethnic specificity of the <em>NOTCH3</em> p.R544C variant, findings may not be generalizable beyond East Asian populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of GBA1 gene in a cohort of patients with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Monica Gagliardi ,&nbsp;Maurizio Morelli ,&nbsp;Gennarina Arabia ,&nbsp;Radha Procopio ,&nbsp;Alessia Felicetti ,&nbsp;Marco D'Amelio ,&nbsp;Mariagrazia Talarico ,&nbsp;Antonio Gambardella ,&nbsp;Andrea Quattrone ,&nbsp;Grazia Annesi ,&nbsp;Aldo Quattrone","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Variants in the <em>GBA1</em> gene, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are among the strongest genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). While several pathogenic mutations are well-characterized, the impact of many rare or novel variants remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study is aimed to explore the spectrum of <em>GBA1</em> variants in a cohort of PD patients from Southern Italy, with a particular focus on the clinical and structural characterization of a novel missense variant through integrated genetic and <em>in silico</em> analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) on 171 PD patients using a custom AmpliSeq panel covering 30 PD-related genes. Structural modelling of identified missense variants was conducted using UCSF ChimeraX (v.1.10) to assess potential conformational changes, while secondary structures were analyzed using the DSSP (Define Secondary Structure of Proteins) algorithm. Energetic impact of the amino acid substitutions on protein stability was evaluated using FoldX (v.4).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten patients carried likely pathogenic <em>GBA1</em> variants, including common mutations such as p.L483P, p.N409S, p.E365K, p.H294Q, and p.I200N. A novel heterozygous variant, p.K505N, was identified in a familial PD case and found to co-segregate with the disease in two affected relatives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study expands the spectrum of <em>GBA1</em> variants associated with PD and provides structural evidence supporting the potential pathogenicity of the novel p.K505N variant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 108007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement disorders rounds: Neurophysiological findings in abdominal movements in CASPR2 encephalitis.","authors":"Talyta Grippe, Tarig Abkur, Yi-Ying Lin, Golsa Shafa, Anuj Rastogi, Robert Chen, Lorraine V Kalia","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal movements have been described as a possible unique manifestation of CASPR2-related autoimmune encephalitis. We describe a case of abdominal movements with neurophysiological evaluation showing a mean EMG burst duration of 350 ms and frequency of 1 Hz compatible with myorrhythmia. The case illustrates that awareness of the unique presentations of CASPR2-related autoimmune encephalitis can allow for timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"107998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of upper limb tremor in clinical practice: a systematic literature review","authors":"Cheryl S.J. Everlo ,&nbsp;Marina A.J. Tijssen ,&nbsp;Baran Emre ,&nbsp;Sophieke A.J. Heida ,&nbsp;Connie Marras ,&nbsp;Christine Klein ,&nbsp;Jeroen de Vries ,&nbsp;Corien C. Verschuuren-Bemelmans ,&nbsp;Dineke S. Verbeek ,&nbsp;Tom J. de Koning ,&nbsp;A.M. Madelein van der Stouwe","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body composition and resting metabolic rate in Parkinson's disease: A prospective cross-sectional single centre study","authors":"M.K. Farsana ,&nbsp;Shweta Prasad ,&nbsp;Vikram V. Holla,&nbsp;Tarunya Nagaraj,&nbsp;Shubha GS. Bhat,&nbsp;Ruchita Taneja,&nbsp;Mahima Bhardwaj,&nbsp;D.K. Samartha,&nbsp;Pooja Mailankody,&nbsp;Rohan R. Mahale,&nbsp;Nitish Kamble,&nbsp;Ravi Yadav,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Altered body composition in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a frequent but inadequately understood manifestation with significant clinical and prognostic implications. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is found to be higher in the postural-instability and gait-difficulty subtype of PD.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To study the body composition and RMR in patients with PD and to compare with healthy controls and among motor subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study reports an interim analysis of a prospective study of 392 patients with PD and 137 healthy controls from a tertiary care center in India. Detailed clinical evaluation was performed, including body composition measurements using bioelectric impedance based body composition monitor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age at onset and duration of illness were 48.4 ± 11.7 and 6.0 ± 4.1 years, respectively. Weight loss was reported in 12.8 % of patients. Compared to controls, PD patients had significantly lower body weight (63.4 vs 70.6 kg), BMI (24.4 vs 27.5 kg/m²), visceral fat percentage (9.8 % vs 12.3 %), and abdominal girth (92.8 vs 94.8 cm), with higher skeletal muscle percentage (26.3 % vs 25.3 %). RMR was lower in patients with dyskinesia. BMI and visceral fat negatively correlated with disease duration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The lower body weight, fat percentage, and higher skeletal muscle percentage in PD can be attributed to a negative energy balance resulting in fat loss. This finding contradicts the concept of sarcopenic obesity in PD. Lower RMR in patients with dyskinesia could be attributed to more severe disease with low body weight. These findings prompt further studies with a larger cohort for better understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the application of optogenetics for regulating motor-related circuits in Parkinson's disease and novel therapeutic target exploration","authors":"Yuewei Bi,&nbsp;Yaning Wang,&nbsp;Le Gong,&nbsp;Yutong Ren,&nbsp;Yi Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most pervasive neurodegenerative diseases. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of PD have not been fully elucidated, the underlying neural circuits or neuron types have not been fully identified, and the roles that different neuronal subtypes in distinct deep brain nuclei play in the pathophysiological process of PD need to be explored. Optogenetics is a technique that can realize the exact temporal and spatial specific control of a defined neuron subpopulation, which may contribute to the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanism of PD. For this scoping review, we screened the PubMed database. We identified articles reporting researches explored the ways to ameliorate PD symptoms and its potential mechanism using optogenetic technology. This article reviews the application of optogenetic technology in the exploration of the pathogenesis of PD. The disequilibrium of neural activity within cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBT) neural circuit circuits is closely related to the generation of PD. Moreover, these insights hold the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of DBS and advance PD treatment to new levels. Optogenetics provides a specific cell type-targeted method for neuronal manipulation that is highly accurate for clarifying the pathogenesis of PD, developing related drug targets and exploring surgical treatment mechanisms, and providing a basis for neuromodulation target development. As an alternative type of gene therapy, optogenetics might also find future use in PD therapy, and novel genome-editing technology could also potentially be applied as individualized gene therapy for genetic types of PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the association between choroid plexus volume and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease","authors":"Dehao Yang ,&nbsp;Baoyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Junli Ren ,&nbsp;Lingsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Haoyang Huang ,&nbsp;Zihao Wu ,&nbsp;Qiaoqiao Jin ,&nbsp;Yuchen Lin ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Linxuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Min Luo ,&nbsp;Guangyong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) involves motor and cognitive impairments, with recent evidence suggesting that changes in choroid plexus volume (CPV) may contribute to disease progression by affecting protein accumulation in the brain. This study aims to assess the relationship between CPV and PD symptoms, and explore its potential as a biomarker for tracking disease progression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 236 newly diagnosed, untreated PD patients and 47 healthy controls were retrospectively obtained from a large (<em>n</em> = 412) longitudinal study of patients. CPV was measured using T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and normalized by intracranial volume. Clinical assessments included Movement Disorder Society Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Cross-sectional, longitudinal analyses, and mediation analysis, were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PD patients had significantly lower CPV than controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Reduced CPV was associated with worse motor (MDS-UPDRS, <em>p</em> = 0.017) and cognitive scores (MoCA, <em>p</em> = 0.005). Over three years, patients with lower CPV experienced faster declines in working memory and processing speed (LNS, <em>p</em> = 0.018; SDMT, <em>p</em> = 0.014). Mediation analysis indicated that Tau protein levels partly mediated the relationship between CPV and baseline cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CPV is strongly associated with motor and cognitive decline in PD and may serve as a biomarker for disease progression. Its reduction appears to be linked to pathological protein accumulation, accelerating cognitive deterioration. Incorporating CPV measurements in clinical practice could improve PD diagnosis and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic susceptibility source separation for assessing motor and cognitive functions in Parkinson disease","authors":"Haruto Shibata ,&nbsp;Yuto Uchida ,&nbsp;Hirohito Kan ,&nbsp;Keita Sakurai ,&nbsp;Yuya Kano ,&nbsp;Yuta Madokoro ,&nbsp;Kentaro Yamada ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Matsukawa","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Iron and myelin alterations contribute to the progression of Parkinson disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the associations of iron-related positive susceptibility and myelin-related negative susceptibility with motor and cognitive functions, and assess their utility in classifying PD with normal cognition (PD-CN) and with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed 59 patients with PD-MCI and 58 with PD-CN. Magnetic susceptibility values were extracted using magnetic susceptibility source separation. Correlations of motor and cognitive functions with susceptibility values were evaluated, and classification models were developed to distinguish PD-MCI from PD-CN.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Positive susceptibility correlated with Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) part III off-state scores in the right internal globus pallidus and substantia nigra (r = 0.750 [95 % CI: 0.659 to 0.830], 0.758 [95 % CI: 0.681 to 0.822]) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in the right caudate nucleus (r = −0.644 [95 % CI: −0.742 to −0.521]). Negative susceptibility correlated with MDS-UPDRS part III off-state scores in the bilateral external globus pallidus (right: r = 0.299 [95 % CI: 0.091 to 0.453], left: r = 0.285 [95 % CI: 0.112 to 0.444]). The positive susceptibility model achieved a sensitivity of 0.780 (95 % CI: 0.776 to 0.782), specificity of 0.793 (95 % CI: 0.790 to 0.796), and an ROC AUC of 0.856 (95 % CI: 0.855 to 0.859).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Positive and negative susceptibility values were associated with motor and cognitive function in PD and proved effective in differentiating PD-MCI from PD-CN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 107989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}