Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Serum Lipid Profiles in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","authors":"S. Alam, N. Sultana, M. Rashid, Jannatut Tasmin, Irin Sultana, Tahmidul Islam","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.010","url":null,"abstract":"1. Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple organ systems. Lipid profile is a panel of blood test that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool for abnormalities in lipid such as cholesterol and triacylglycerol. The result of this test can identify certain genetic diseases and can determine approximate risk for cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and certain form of pancreatitis and other diseases. Premature cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity in lupus which may be directly associated with altered lipid metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus patient. Objective: To find out the relation of serum lipid profile with systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017. In this study, fifty diagnosed patients of SLE (Group A) and fifty apparently healthy individuals (Group B) of both sexes were selected according to the selection criteria from Department of Medicine, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka (Group A) and by personal contact (Group B). Baseline parameters (body mass index, blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose) of both groups were measured. Serum lipid profile was estimated by enzyme immune assay, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density cholesterol (HDL-c) was estimated by enzymatic method. Results: Among the parameters of lipid profile serum TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly higher (p <0.001) in SLE patients than that of healthy individuals and serum HDL-C concentration was lower in SLE group than healthy group which highly significant. Correlation of SLE with serum TC, TG, LDL-C was significantly positive (p <0.001) and with HDL-c there was an inverse correlation which was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Serum lipid profile was significantly dysregulated in SLE patients. Moreover, .........","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130266045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the Importance of Cerebrospinal Fluid C - reactive protein (CSF-CRP) in Establishing a Diagnosis of Acute Bacterial Meningitis","authors":"S. Rahman, S. Hossain, Rashed Ashraf","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute meningitis is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Differentiating bacterial from nonbacterial meningitis is very important in deciding on treatment. Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening neurological condition and needs prompt parenteral antibiotics, compared to viral and aseptic meningitis which carries relatively better outcomes. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to identify the importance of the CSF-CRP test in diagnosing acute bacterial meningitis. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 6 months, from January 2017 to June 2017. A total of 100 children visiting the inpatient department of the hospital were selected for the present study following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: 57% were diagnosed as bacterial meningitis cases, while 43% were diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. Among the 57 cases of bacterial meningitis, 61.40% belonged to the youngest age group of 0-2 years, while among the aseptic meningitis cases, 37.21% belonged to the age group of 3-6 years. Total WBC and PBN were significantly higher among the bacterial meningitis cases. The sensitivity of CSF-CRP was 89.47%, specificity 90.69%, accuracy 90%, a positive predictive value of 92.72%, and a negative predictive value of 86.66% in diagnosing bacterial meningitis. Conclusion: The study findings conclude CSF-CRP to be an important prognostic factor and initial testing method in diagnosing acute bacterial meningitis. CSF CRP has high diagnostic accuracy in determining the incidence of acute bacterial meningitis.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125312354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical and Biochemical Quality of Raw Milk Sold in Korhogo Town (North of Côte d’Ivoire)","authors":"G. S. Serge, Kouamé Maïmouna Liliane, Kone-Soro Haffiata, S. Y. Réné","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.007","url":null,"abstract":"consumed by the local population. To better understand this situation, a study was conducted on the physicochemical and biochemical quality of raw milk marketed in Korhogo town. Thus, 27 samples of raw milk were collected from sellers in the town of Korhogo. Physicochemical and biochemical analyzes of these samples were carried out. In addition, fraudulent samples were counted by determining the rate of wetting and/or skimming. The raw milk produced locally was of good quality since, for the majority of the samples analyzed, the values of the physicochemical and biochemical parameters were within the range of those proposed by the FAO for raw milk. In addition, a minority of sellers (37.04%) of raw milk practiced fraud, and these did so at low rates (< 15%). Ultimately, this raw milk is recommended for consumption from a nutritional point of view. However, this study should be deepened by also evaluating its microbiological quality.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"96 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132154441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic Activity of Leaves Essential oils of Aeollanthus heliotropioides and Ocimum urticaefolium (Lamiaceae) from Cameroon on the Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Epithelial (ARPE-19) Cells","authors":"Issakou Bakarnga- Via, Nadlaou Bessymbaye, L. R. Y. Tchokouaha, P. Fokou, Magali Gary- Bobo, A. Gallud, Marcel Garcia, P. M. J. Dongmo, F. Boyom, C. Menut","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this work was to study the cytotoxicity of leaves essential oils and their identified constituents of Aeollanthus heliotropioides and Ocimum urticaefolium (Lamiaceae) from Cameroon. Materials and Methods: Leaves essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS). The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in Human breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal epithelial (ARPE-19) cells line by MTT assay. Results: The essential oils of Aeollanthus heliotropioides and Ocimum urticaefolium leaves were found to most constitute by sesquiterpene components with 52.8% and 67.3% respectively than monoterpenes. The major constituents of the essential oil of Aeollanthus heliotropioides are linalool (43.4%), (E)-(Z)-farnesene (27.7%), (δ- Cadinol (13.0%), germacrene D (3.7%), α-caryophyllene (3.1%). Eugenol (26%), (Z)--ocimene(5.3%), α- caryophyllene (5%), germacrene D (4.4%), δ-muurolène (17%) , spathulenol (14.2%), δ-Cadinol (11.3%), (E)-Z-farnesol (5.4%) and 6E)-2Z-farnesol (3.6%) are the main major components of Ocimum urticaefolium essential oil. The cytoxicity of Aeollanthus heliotropioides and Ocimum urticaefolium oils indicate that the oils have a good cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) growth with IC50 values of 0. 620μL/mL and 0.422 μL/mL. The highest selectivity was obtained with the essential oil Aeollanthus heliotropioides (1.72) which was more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than against normal cell line (ARPE-19) with IC50 values of 0.620 μL/mL and 1.07 μL/mL, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests for the first time the ability of Aeollanthus heliotropioides and Ocimum urticaefolium essential oils to inhibit human tumor cell growth. They could be considered as a potent source of alternate lead compounds against breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124875408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Risk Assessment of Health Care Workers Exposed to COVID -19 Cases","authors":"Ananya Das, D. N. Sharma, Suokhrie Neilatuo-U, S. Rath, D. K. Brahma, Phukan Pranjal","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: People most at risk of acquiring the disease are those who are in contact with or care for patients with COVID-19. This inevitably places health care workers (HCWs) at high risk of infection, especially when there is a breach in the personal protection while managing patients for categorization of risk in exposure to COVID-19 in health care workers, a risk assessment tool in the form of questionnaire has been devised by The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), Directorate General of Health Services after the risk assessment of HCWs as high or low risk, management is done according to the recommendations. Materials & Methods: We analyzed the data collected by the Risk Assessment Committee members of Health care workers exposed to COVID 19 for a period of 1year from June 2020 to June 2021. After the interview of HCWs, they were categorized as high or low risk. Results: Risk assessment committee(RAC) members interviewed a total of 1660 HCW contacts of 144 index cases in one year period from June 2020 to June 2021. Our contacts include doctors, nurses, technicians, sanitation worker and other staffs. Index cases were mostly HCWs except few, who were patients. On an average, we used to receive a list of 8-12 contacts for each index case from the Contact Tracing Committee. Out of 1660 contacts, we found 241(14.5%) were high risk and 1419 (85.4%) low risk. Conclusion: Risk assessment of HCWs not only reduces the burden of disease in HCWs, but also prevents unnecessary quarantine of low risk category and shortage of man power as more scientific evidence on COVID- 19 becomes available, more accurate validated risk prediction scores will facilitate more precise estimates of individual risk.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114769859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Causes of Divorce in Rickshaw Pullers of Sylhet City Having Depression","authors":"Dr. Mustak Ahmmed Ruhel, Tahmina Islam, Shamsul Islam, Nujhat Sharmin Urmi, Muiz Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury, Ahmed Nazmul Anam, Rukshana Khan, Muhammad Sarwar Hussain","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Causes of divorce may range from factors as diverse as the personal psychological characteristics of one or both spouses to the stresses of economic hardship and community disintegration. From a larger perspective, the role of divorce in modern societies and its relatively high incidence both flow from the same complex factors that have made good marriages so much more central to people's happiness than through most of the past and deterioration of a marital relationship so much more distressing. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, in Sylhet city, from 2019 to 2020 and it was mainly quantitative. However, qualitative data were collected from policymakers, i.e. the responsible person in Sylhet city, and discussion and documents. Quantitative data were collected from rickshaw pullers who were divorced by their wives from different areas in Sylhet city. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection from rickshaw pullers. Result: The mean age was found 36.25±SD years. The majority 39(48.8%) rickshaw pullers had primary education. All rickshaw pullers were in low-income group status. Out of the total study population, 47(58.8%) had ≤10 hours of working time, and 33(41.3%) had >10 hours of working time. As multiple responses were accepted, there were rickshaw pullers who reported many types of misconduct from passengers and police. Almost all rickshaw pullers reported that the passengers belittled them. This was closely followed by “scolded” 86.3%, “paid unjust fare” 68.8%, and 48.8% of rickshaw pullers had “quarrel over fare” with passengers. It was evident that 36.3% and 40.0% of rickshaw pullers were “physically assaulted” and compel sitting, holding their ear by the passengers and police respectively. The majority 60(75.0%) of wives divorced their husbands due to domestic violence, 56(70.0%) due to too much conflict and arguing, 52(65.0%) due to substance abuse, 50(62.5%) due to lack of commitment, 48(60.0%) due to ...........","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134412618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Minimum Quadrat Size for Herbaceous Species in Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"J. Ramalakshmana, C. M. Krishna, S. B. Padal","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.003","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we analysed herbaceous species diversity in Andhra University campus by using minimum quadrat size method. For this analysis we used 10 × 10 sq. cm as the minimum size of the quadrat and we gradually increased the quadrate size and the count was repeated each time. We repeated the same procedure for 20 × 20 sq. cm, 30 × 30 sq. cm, 40 × 40 sq. cm and so on till 1 × 1 sq. metre area is covered and we noted the number of additional species every time. The vegetation analysis was carried out by total 10, 1 m × 1m sample plots placed randomly from study area. From the collected data we obtained species-area curve and the curve shows that 80 × 80 sq. cm size is the minimum size of quadrat for herbaceous species diversity analysis in Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127492641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Phenology of Mangifera indica L. and Persea americana Mill in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo)","authors":"M. P, Y. J, A. O, Assongba Yf, Djego Jg","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.002","url":null,"abstract":"Mangifera indica L. and Persea americana Mill are two species of fruit trees for food use. In Brazzaville, they seem to be the most representative and cover the whole city. The phenological study of these two species was carried out throughout the city of Brazzaville. The objective of the study is to improve the phenological knowledge of these species. The methods used are based on field surveys. The selected, marked and geolocated trees are monitored by the observation method for two years. The various results obtained show that flowering in Mangifera indica L. appears early in January. It evolves progressively and becomes visible in all sites during the dry season, between June and July, then decreases in August. The peak of flowering is observed in July with 100% of plants recorded. Fruiting starts in March, progresses gradually in terms of number of trees and reaches its peak between August and September with 80% of trees recorded. However, in Persea americana Mill, flowering starts early in March and progresses over time until it reaches its peak between July and August with 80% of trees recorded. Fruiting is observed from August onwards and lasts until December, January and February, during the rainy season. The evolution of these different phenophases shows phenological characteristics common to these trees, marked by phenological asynchrony, variation and interaction. These results highlight the effect of the seasons on the phenological evolution of the species studied.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121749521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GeneXpert Ultra- a New Diagnostic Era for Childhood Tuberculosis","authors":"Tahmida Haque, D. Hossain, T. Islam","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i11.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem and a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge worldwide. Molecular diagnostic techniques are crucial in the World Health Organization’s new tubercular control strategy. Objective: The study aims to investigate the efficacy of GeneXpert Ultra in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the pediatric pulmonology ward and general pediatric ward of the Institute of Child and Mother Health (ICMH), Matuail, Dhaka. Child ages ranging from two months to fifteen years who were admitted to the pediatric pulmonology ward and general pediatric ward of ICMH during the period of December 2020 to November 2021 with a history of fever, cough, chest pain, evening rise of temperature, night sweats, weight loss were included in this study. Results: Among the study population (N=99), almost all the patients (91, 91.2%) had cough, thirty-six patients (36, 36.3%) had cough for 2 weeks, and about half of the patients (49, 49.5%) had a productive cough, ninety patients (90, 90.9%) had fever, around one-fifth of the patients, had a fever more than two weeks. About half of the patients (47, 47.5%) had a high-grade intermittent fever. Evening rise of temperature was seen in around one-fourth of the patients (24, 24.2%). MT test was positive for two patients (2, 2.0%) and doubtful for two patients (2, 2.0%)., Seventeen patients (17, 17.1%) specimens were collected from induced sputum, around three-fifths of the patients’ (70, 70.7%) specimens were collected from gastric aspirate, eighty-two patients (82, 82.8%) specimens were collected from the stool and one patient’s specimen (1, 1.0%)was collected from pus produced in BCG vaccine site. GeneXpert ultra was detected in thirteen patients (13, 13.1%) and was trace detected in six patients (6, 6.0%). Of the 13 patients, 7 patients (7, 53.8%) were diagnosed with pulmonary TB, two patients (2, 15.4%) were .....","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128694182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnomedicinal Uses of Climbers and Woody Lianas Species in Alluri Sitarama Raju District, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"M. Kumari, V. S. Ramani, N. Rao, S. B. Padal","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i10.002","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focused on the ethnomedicinal uses of climbers and woody lianas species in Chintapalli Mandal, Alluri sitarama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 60 climbing and woody lianas species belonging to 48 genera and 25 families were recorded in the ten study plots. Out of 25 families with regard to the number of species found within families, Apocynaceae was the most diverse climbing and woody lianas family in samples being represented by 13 species, followed by Convolvulaceae with (10 species), Fabaceae with (5 species), Vitaceae and Diascoriaceae with (4 species). Four families Aristolochiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Rhamnaceae and Smilacaceae with (2 species). Sixteen Families were represented by single species. Lianas are even rich in the field of ethnomedicine having diverse group of active biomolecules.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114902556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}