Pathology, research and practice最新文献

{"title":"An MRI radiomics approach to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy for osteosarcoma","authors":"Danna Liu ,&nbsp;Xue Zhou ,&nbsp;Yixiong Liu ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Jixin Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengyuan Li ,&nbsp;Yanfei Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Hou ,&nbsp;Yuewen Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic contrast enhancement MRI(DCE-MRI) data of osteosarcoma patients prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were compared in order to investigate the value of imaging histological features in predicting the rate of tumor necrosis in osteosarcoma and patients' postoperative survival.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled 28 osteosarcoma patients who received three courses of NAC followed by tumor resection. Prior to chemotherapy both conventional MRI and DCE-MRI scans were performed Quantitative analysis of histological features within the tumor region was conducted using T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and DCE-MRI images. Recursive feature elimination guided the selection of relevant features, and a prediction model was constructed using five machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, and Bagging Decision Tree). Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), and accuracy. The five imaging features with the strongest predictive capability were identified, and their association with postoperative survival was explored using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the five prediction models, the decision tree, gradient boosting and bagging decision tree models showed high prediction performance, with AUC values of 0.850, 0.856 and 0.872, respectively, and an accuracy of 0.857. Notably, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis highlighted the significance of two features extracted from DCE-MRI images -\"Small Dependence Low Gray Level Emphasis\" (based on the Gray Level Cooccurrence Matrix, GLCM）and \"Run Length Non-Uniformity\" (based on the Gray Level Run Length Matrix, GLRLM), were significantly predictive of postoperative survival (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DCE-MRI-based imaging histology models of osteosarcoma patients prior to NAC can be a useful tool for predicting tumour necrosis rates and patient survival after surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 156279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing large language model for automated diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors","authors":"Yinghan Jiang ,&nbsp;Jianzhong He ,&nbsp;Bingsen He ,&nbsp;Lingyan Liu ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Huan Li ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Yuebin Shi ,&nbsp;Rongsheng Liu ,&nbsp;Peiren Tang ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Ji Du ,&nbsp;Jun Peng ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Yang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Differentiating benign from malignant lung tumors remains a critical and often challenging task in histopathological diagnosis. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), large language models such as ChatGPT offer novel opportunities for assisting in diagnostic workflows.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study retrospectively collected 250 histopathological images, including 50 cases each of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), lung neuroendocrine neoplasms, bronchiolar adenoma, and pulmonary hamartoma. ChatGPT-4o was applied to analyze hematoxylin–eosin (HE) stained images and generate diagnostic interpretations. Its performance was compared to diagnoses made by two experienced pathologists, with evaluations based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, misdiagnosis rate, and diagnostic time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ChatGPT-4o achieved an overall accuracy of 79.6 %, sensitivity of 81.3 %, specificity of 77.0 %, and F1 score of 82.7 %, significantly lower than the performance of human pathologists (p &lt; 0.001). While its diagnostic accuracy for benign lesions such as bronchiolar adenoma was comparable to human experts, misclassifications frequently occurred in highly differentiated malignancies and poorly visualized neuroendocrine tumors. Notably, ChatGPT-4o achieved near real-time diagnostic speed (&lt;10 s), vastly outperforming human diagnostic time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ChatGPT-4o shows promise as a rapid, scalable AI-assisted diagnostic tool for lung tumors, particularly for benign lesions that are morphologically challenging. Although not yet a replacement for expert pathologists, it may serve as a valuable adjunct to support decision-making and improve diagnostic efficiency in clinical pathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 156306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcal enterotoxins in cancer immunotherapy: An overview of translational advances and targeting strategies","authors":"Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi ,&nbsp;William C. Cho ,&nbsp;Russel J. Reiter ,&nbsp;Mina Alimohammadi ,&nbsp;Najma Farahani ,&nbsp;Kiavash Hushmandi","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are superantigens that polyclonally activate T cells by cross-linking MHC class II on antigen-presenting cells with T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ regions, generating potent IL-2/IFN-γ/TNF responses distinct from conventional peptide–MHC–restricted activation. This review synthesizes mechanistic and translational evidence for SEs in oncology, emphasizing disease-relevant contexts and advanced engineering strategies that improve therapeutic index. Preclinical studies demonstrate antitumor activity across melanoma, glioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, and hematologic malignancies (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma). Tumor-targeted superantigen platforms, such as antibody or ligand–SE fusion proteins and oncolytic vectors encoding Ses, concentrate activity intratumorally, increase intratumoral IFN-γ/TNF, reduce proliferation and angiogenesis, and enhance necrosis while limiting systemic exposure. Engineered SE variants (for example, SEB with attenuated pyrogenicity) and localized delivery further mitigate risks associated with cytokine release. Early clinical experiences with SE-based constructs and SE-modified tumor vaccines report feasibility and signals of activity in head and neck cancer, glioma, renal cell carcinoma, and myeloma, but small, heterogeneous studies limit definitive conclusions. Although SEs can trigger cytokine storm and off-target activation via MHC II on healthy tissues, risk can be reduced through intratumoral/regional dosing, tumor-targeted fusions, dose–schedule optimization, and indication selection informed by MHC II biology; paradoxical, disease-specific effects (e.g., in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) highlight the importance of microbiome-aware protocols. Priorities for translation include disease-focused development in MHC II–II-permissive tumors, combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitors, and biomarker-anchored trials integrating multi-omics and patient selection. With targeted engineering and controlled delivery, SEs can evolve from broadly inflammatory agents into precise immuno-oncology tools with meaningful clinical impact. This review underscores that, with targeted engineering, controlled delivery, and biomarker-guided patient selection, SEs can be advanced from broadly inflammatory agents to precise immuno-oncology platforms ready for rigorous clinical evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CircRBM33 facilitates colorectal cancer progression by regulating the miR-512–5p/SLC1A5 axis","authors":"Juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Kiyohito Tanaka ,&nbsp;Feiyu Shi ,&nbsp;Junjun She ,&nbsp;Shuixiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract with high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) circRBM33 (also known as hsa_circRNA_104532) was implicated in the pathogenesis of various human cancers. This study aims to investigate the potential function and working mechanism of circRBM33 in CRC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>circRBM33, microRNA-512–5p (miR-512–5p), and solute carrier 1 family member 5 (SLC1A5) levels were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferative ability, apoptosis, and migration were analyzed using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, and wound healing assay. C-myc, CyclinD1, and SLC1A5 protein levels were measured using Western blot. The glycolysis levels were evaluated using specific kits. The biological role of circRBM33 on CRC tumor growth was assessed using the xenograft tumor model <em>in vivo.</em> After circular RNA Interactome and Targetscan prediction, the binding between miR-512–5p and circRBM33 or SLC1A5 was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CircRBM33 and SLC1A5 were increased, and miR-512–5p was decreased in CRC tissues and cells. From a functional perspective, circRBM33 knockdown could hinder cell proliferation, migration, glutamine metabolism, and boost apoptosis in CRC cells. Also, circRBM33 silencing could suppress the cell growth of CRC <em>in vivo.</em> The mechanical analysis suggested that circRBM33 could increase SLC1A5 expression via sponging miR-512–5p.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CircRBM33 boosted CRC development partly by regulating the miR-512–5p/SLC1A5 axis, providing a promising therapeutic target for CRC therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of circulating tumor cells in precision oncology","authors":"Husni Farah ,&nbsp;Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda ,&nbsp;Hayjaa Mohaisen Mousa ,&nbsp;S. Renuka Jyothi ,&nbsp;Priya Priyadarshini Nayak ,&nbsp;J. Bethanney Janney ,&nbsp;Gurjant Singh ,&nbsp;Ashish Singh Chauhan","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer metastasis causes the majority of cancer-related deaths. During metastasis, invasive tumor cells enter the bloodstream and become circulating tumor cells. These cells eventually populate the secondary organs. In addition to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes (such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA-associated changes) are important for regulating gene expression and preserving chromatin integrity in tumor cells. Dysregulation of these epigenetic patterns is critical for carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastatic spread. We presented an overview of CTC biology, including essential mechanisms such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune evasion. We discussed how epigenetic reprogramming of CTCs also occurs post-transcriptionally via non coding RNAs, The subject then moves to how epigenetic changes in CTCs affect these processes throughout migration, survival in circulation, and metastatic seeding. The following sections discuss the clinical implications of addressing CTC epigenetics, proposing CTC epigenetic changes as prospective biomarkers for early cancer detection, prognosis, and targeted therapy intervention to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating biomarkers in osteoarthritis: a systematic review unveiling key trends and future prospects","authors":"Francesca Veronesi,&nbsp;Francesca Salamanna,&nbsp;Giulia Sacchi,&nbsp;Veronica Borsari,&nbsp;Gianluca Giavaresi","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and chronic joint disorder characterized by cartilage degradation, joint inflammation, and pain, leading to reduced mobility and quality of life. One of the major challenges in OA management is the early diagnosis and effective monitoring of disease progression, due to the lack of specific and sensitive biomarkers. This systematic review aimed to evaluate circulating biomarkers, including serum proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), for their potential diagnostic and prognostic value in OA. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published from March 18, 2015, to March 18, 2025, resulting in 471 studies. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 clinical studies and among them, 12 investigated circulating proteins and 6 focused on miRNAs. Several serum proteins such as interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-38), complement 3 (C3), autotaxin (ATX), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), hyaluronic acid (HA), and clusterin (CLU) showed significant elevation in OA patients and were linked to disease severity. Regarding miRNAs, some (e.g., let-7e, miR-33b-3p) were downregulated, while others (e.g., miR-146a-5p, miR-92a-3p) were upregulated in OA. Functional analyses using STRING and miRNet tools revealed that these biomarkers are not only diagnostic indicators but may actively contribute to OA pathogenesis, particularly through inflammation and cartilage-related pathways. In conclusion, circulating proteins and miRNAs hold promise as non-invasive biomarkers for knee OA. By integrating evidence from 18 clinical studies with network analyses, we identify two predominant molecular phenotypes: an inflammatory–metabolic axis and a cartilage-turnover axis. However, further large-scale, standardized studies are necessary to confirm their clinical applicability and integration into routine practice</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMC8 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Implications for poor prognosis and deficient CD8+ T cell infiltration","authors":"Xiaoyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Zhihua Shao ,&nbsp;Junyu Deng ,&nbsp;Guangze Chen ,&nbsp;Junchi Ma ,&nbsp;Zeren Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Han ,&nbsp;Junsong Liu ,&nbsp;Shan Gao ,&nbsp;Yuan Shao ,&nbsp;Fang Sui","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging evidence highlights the role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Protein Complex (EMC) subunits in tumorigenesis, yet the function of EMC8 (Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Protein Complex Subunit 8) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) remains elusive. In this study, we found EMC8 is significantly upregulated in HNSCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, at both mRNA and protein levels. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses demonstrated that high EMC8 expression is associated with poorer overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval in HNSCC patients. Further exploration into the tumor microenvironment showed that EMC8 expression negatively correlates with the infiltration of multiple immune cells, particularly CD8 + T cells, which was validated in clinical samples where high EMC8 expression corresponded to reduced CD8 + T cell infiltration. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing data indicated that EMC8 expression is positively associated with dedifferentiation, hypoxia, and stemness properties of HNSCC cells. Collectively, EMC8 upregulation in HNSCC correlates with poor prognosis, reduced CD8 + T cell infiltration, and aggressive phenotypes, positioning it as a potential prognostic marker with mechanistic links to immune evasion and malignancy warranting deeper exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm DNA fragmentation and yoga: A narrative review on enhancing male reproductive health","authors":"Prabhakar Tiwari,&nbsp;Anjali Yadav,&nbsp;Deepika Kumari,&nbsp;Richa Mishra,&nbsp;Rima Dada","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infertility remains a significant global health issue, with oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) recognized as critical contributors to unexplained male infertility. SDF adversely impacts fertilization, embryo development, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Despite advances in diagnostics and clinical management, a large proportion of cases remain idiopathic, implicating complex genetic underpinnings involving over 2000 genes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the mechanisms, types, and implications of DNA damage in sperm, emphasizing the need for robust diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutic strategies. Oxidative stress, driven by a combination of endogenous and environmental factors, is identified as the primary cause of SDF. While antioxidant therapy has shown mixed outcomes in clinical studies, emerging evidence supports the efficacy of non-invasive lifestyle interventions, notably yoga, in improving sperm DNA integrity. Yoga enhances mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, leading to reduced oxidative DNA adducts such as 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8OHDG) and promote the DNA repair pathways<strong>.</strong> By integrating insights from molecular biology, reproductive medicine, and holistic health practices, this review highlights the urgent need for personalized, mechanism-based approaches to male infertility and presents yoga as a promising adjunct therapy to improve sperm quality, mitigate genetic risks, and enhance ART success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD47/HIF-1α circuit promotes cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Cuicui Xu ,&nbsp;Yuhui Pei ,&nbsp;Xiaoman Zhang ,&nbsp;Cuicui Wang ,&nbsp;Min He ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Wan ,&nbsp;Ganyu Miao ,&nbsp;Jun Hou ,&nbsp;Lianghai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent digestive system malignancy with a poor prognosis. Previous studies suggested that elevated CD47 expression, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is correlated with poor outcomes in various cancers. However, the precise mechanisms through which CD47 influences HCC progression remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CD47 expression in tumor and adjacent tissues was assessed using online databases and immunohistochemical staining. The effects of CD47 on tumor cell proliferation were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Bioinformatics analyses, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were employed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which CD47 regulates tumor progression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CD47 expression was significantly elevated in HCC tissues compared to normal counterparts, and its level was closely associated with tumor stage. Overexpression of CD47 enhanced HCC cell growth, whereas silencing CD47 inhibited proliferation. Mechanistically, HIF-1α directly binds to the CD47 promoter, regulating its transcription. Additionally, CD47 stabilizes HIF-1α protein by inhibiting autophagy-lysosome-mediated degradation, establishing a positive feedback loop that promotes HCC cell proliferation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CD47 is upregulated in HCC tissues, and its interaction with HIF-1α accelerates tumor growth through a positive feedback loop. Targeting both CD47 and HIF-1α may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USP5 influences immune infiltration and prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer","authors":"Yonghong Xu ,&nbsp;Yifei Xie ,&nbsp;Jian Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiansheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongliang Du ,&nbsp;Jianjie Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zeng ,&nbsp;Jian-an Huang ,&nbsp;Zeyi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>USP5, a deubiquitinating enzyme, is linked to various cancers. However, its relationship with immune infiltration and its prognostic significance in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be determined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>USP5 expression patterns in NSCLC were analyzed using data sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Functional enrichment analyses were performed to predict the role of USP5 in NSCLC development, and Hub genes were identified through a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Immune cell infiltration was assessed via single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, while the prognostic significance of USP5 was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. To facilitate survival rate predictions at different time points, a prognostic model was developed. Previous findings were validated using real-time PCR and <em>in vitro</em> functional assays in NSCLC cell lines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>USP5 expression was found to be markedly elevated in NSCLC tissues when compared to normal tissues. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of USP5 in regulating key pathways linked to lung adenocarcinoma development. PPI network analysis revealed several potential interactions contributing to NSCLC progression. A correlation was observed between higher USP5 levels and the reduced presence of immune cells (e.g., macrophages, CD8 +T cells, NK cells, and iDCs) within the tumor microenvironment. ROC curves confirmed the prognostic value of USP5 for NSCLC. Functional studies in NSCLC cell lines confirmed the molecular effects of USP5 on NSCLC development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>USP5 appears to be a reliable marker for diagnosing NSCLC and predicting its prognosis. Further investigation into the role of USP5 in immune responses may aid in the development of immunotherapies for NSCLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 156276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}