Renal expression and clinical significance of Bach1-related oxidative stress indicators in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis

Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and diabetic kidney disease are the primary causes of chronic kidney disease in China. Oxidative stress participates in both the glomerular damage and tubular injury of glomerular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the renal expression and clinical significance of Bach1-associated oxidative stress markers in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranous nephropathy (MN) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) using immunohistochemical staining. Our study demonstrated that there was significantly increased expression of Bach1 in the renal tubular injury of all the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis yet with faint expression in glomerular endothelial cells. However, the expression levels of SLC25A39 and Grx2 were significantly decreased in the renal tubular lesions. The renal expression levels of 4-HNE were significantly elevated in the renal tubular injury of all the patients. While the expression levels of MDA were significantly higher in the renal lesions of patients with IgAN and DN compared to the patients with MN. The semi-quantitative scores of renal Bach1 and 4-HNE expression were positively correlated with the renal injury indicators. Whereas the semi-quantitative scores of renal SLC25A39 and Grx2 expression demonstrated a negative correlation with the renal injury indicators. Bach1-associated oxidative stress indicators may be the promising pathologic biomarkers of oxidative stress injury in the tubular injury of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, which proposed potential therapeutic target.