Pathology, research and practice最新文献

New perspectives of exosomes in urologic malignancies – Mainly focus on biomarkers and tumor microenvironment 外泌体在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤中的新视角--主要关注生物标记物和肿瘤微环境。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155645

引用次数: 0

Genetic Polymorphism in miRNA Genes and Their Association with susceptibility of Coronary Heart Disease: anAn Updated Rreview miRNA 基因的遗传多态性及其与冠心病易感性的关系：最新综述。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155675

引用次数: 0

Nanomaterials in point-of-care diagnostics: Bridging the gap between laboratory and clinical practice 护理点诊断中的纳米材料：弥合实验室与临床实践之间的差距

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155685

{"title":"Nanomaterials in point-of-care diagnostics: Bridging the gap between laboratory and clinical practice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of nanomaterials into biosensing technologies represents a paradigm shift in medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring, marking a significant advancement in the field. This comprehensive review examines the role of nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and quantum dots, in enhancing the performance of biosensors. These nanomaterials contribute unique physical and chemical properties, including exceptional electrical, optical, and thermal conductivities, which significantly improve the sensitivity, specificity, and versatility of biosensors. The review provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms by which these nanomaterials enhance biosensor functionality, including increased surface-to-volume ratio, improved electron transfer rates, and enhanced signal transduction. The practical applications of these advanced biosensors are explored across various domains, including oncology, infectious diseases, diabetes management, cardiovascular health, and neurodegenerative conditions, emphasizing their role in early disease detection, real-time health monitoring, and personalized medicine. Furthermore, the review addresses the critical challenges and limitations facing the field, such as biocompatibility, biofouling, stability, and integration into existing healthcare systems. Strategies to overcome these challenges, including advanced material engineering and novel fabrication techniques, are discussed. The future of nanomaterial-based biosensors is envisioned through the lens of emerging trends and technological innovations. The integration with microfluidics, artificial intelligence, and wearable technology is highlighted as a path toward more personalized, efficient, and accessible healthcare solutions. This review underscores the transformative impact of nanomaterials in biosensing, projecting a future where these advanced technologies play a pivotal role in reshaping diagnostics, patient care, and environmental monitoring, thereby significantly enhancing healthcare and public health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting the lung tumor microenvironment by phytochemicals and their nanoformulations 利用植物化学物质及其纳米制剂靶向肺部肿瘤微环境

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155679

{"title":"Targeting the lung tumor microenvironment by phytochemicals and their nanoformulations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung malignancies are among the most prevalent and foremost causes of tumor-related deaths. Despite significant advancements in the understanding and management of lung cancer, resistance to traditional treatments remains a significant challenge. Understanding and targeting tumor microenvironment (TME) have attracted interest in the recent decade for eliminating various solid tumors. The lung TME has a crucial position in tumor expansion and therapy failure, driving it an engaging target for novel medicinal interventions. Plant-derived products offer a promising avenue for targeting TME due to their diverse chemical structures and biological activities. However, their clinical use is hindered by insufficient bioavailability and also possible systemic toxicity. The use of nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for natural products can overcome these challenges and enhance their therapeutic efficacy. This review article explores the potential of plant-derived products as medicinal agents for targeting lung TME. We provide an outline of the present knowledge of lung TME and explain the mechanisms by which plant-derived products can modulate key components of this microenvironment. The promising impacts and properties of nanoparticles for the delivery of these derivatives into lung tumors will also be discussed. We also review the preclinical and clinical findings for supporting the usefulness of these agents in targeting lung TME. Additionally, we highlight the challenges and forthcoming trends in the development of plant-derived products as targeted therapies for lung cancer, with a particular focus on combination therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase, a molecule identified from the invasive front of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is useful for differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid tumors γ-谷氨酰环基转移酶是从甲状腺滤泡癌的浸润前沿发现的一种分子，它有助于甲状腺滤泡肿瘤的鉴别诊断。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155678

{"title":"Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase, a molecule identified from the invasive front of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is useful for differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid tumors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We aimed to establish a useful molecular marker for differentiating between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA). RNA was extracted from the invasive front and paired tumor center tissues from three FTC cases using laser microdissection for cDNA microarray analysis, revealing high expression of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase (GGCT) in the invasive front. Subsequently, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of GGCT was performed with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of FTC (n = 32), FA (n = 64), and follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP, n = 5). The GGCT expression score (range: 0–300) was calculated by multiplying the intensity score (0–3) and percentage of positive cells. The Ki-67 labeling index was also assessed in 20 FTC and 25 FA cases from the same cohort. The GGCT expression score was higher in FTC than in FA (118.5 ± 51.4 vs. 57.3 ± 34.7, <em>P</em> < 0.0001). With the GGCT expression score, using a cutoff value of 101.1, the differentiation between FTC and FA was possible with a sensitivity of 68.8 % and specificity of 87.5 % (AUC = 0.832). With the Ki-67 labeling index, applying a cutoff value of 4.0 %, the distinction between FTC and FA resulted in a sensitivity of 50.0 % and specificity of 80.0 % (AUC = 0.677). The GGCT expression score was positively related to the Ki-67 labeling index in the FTC cases. (Spearman's ρ = 0.5293, <em>P</em> = 0.0164). Therefore, GGCT is a potential marker for differentiating FTC from FA. The GGCT expression of FTC may be indicative of its invasive and proliferative activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subclinical amyloid deposition in inflammatory bowel diseases: A two hospital study 炎症性肠病的亚临床淀粉样沉积：两家医院的研究

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155682

{"title":"Subclinical amyloid deposition in inflammatory bowel diseases: A two hospital study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), predominantly affects young patients and leads to intestinal complications. Amyloidosis, which involves abnormal protein deposition, is a serious complication of IBD, with a low incidence. Early detection of subclinical amyloid deposits is crucial for preventing fatal outcomes; however, routine investigations are lacking. We aimed to retrospectively examine subclinical amyloid deposition in adult patients with IBD. Surgical specimens from 249 patients with IBD were collected from the databases of two hospitals. The specimens were subjected to staining and immunohistochemistry, and clinical information was collected simultaneously. The amyloid positivity rate was 0.8 % in CD (1/131) and 0 % in UC (0/118) based on Congo red staining. The patient with amyloid deposits was a female in her 80 s who lacked a family history of amyloidosis. The subtype was amyloid A. Clinical history revealed intestinal resection in her 30 s and subsequent abdominal symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to collect >100 surgically examined specimens from adults with CD or UC. In older patients with a long and complex clinical course, aggressive analysis of amyloids would be better.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulatory mechanisms and pathological implications of CYP24A1 in Vitamin D metabolism CYP24A1 在维生素 D 代谢中的调节机制和病理影响。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155684

{"title":"Regulatory mechanisms and pathological implications of CYP24A1 in Vitamin D metabolism","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CYP24A1 is a crucial gene within the cytochrome P450 superfamily, responsible for encoding the enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D3–24-hydroxylase. This enzyme is involved in the catabolism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the biologically active form of vitamin D3, by hydroxylating its side chain. Through this process, CYP24A1 tightly regulates the bioavailability and physiological impact of vitamin D3 in the body. Dysregulation of CYP24A1, particularly its overexpression, has been increasingly associated with the progression of various diseases, including cancers, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions. Elevated levels of CYP24A1 can lead to excessive degradation of vitamin D3, resulting in diminished levels of this critical hormone, which is essential for calcium homeostasis, immune function, and cellular proliferation. This review explores into the structural characteristics of CYP24A1, exploring how it influences its enzymatic activity. Furthermore, it examines the expression patterns of CYP24A1 across different diseases, emphasizing the enzyme's role in disease pathology. The review also discusses the regulatory mechanisms governing CYP24A1 expression, including genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications, and metabolite-mediated regulation. By understanding these mechanisms, the review provides insight into the potential therapeutic strategies that could target CYP24A1, aiming to alleviate its overexpression and restore vitamin D3 balance in disease states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: Physiological significance, mechanistic insights and future implications 有义介导的 mRNA 衰变：生理意义、机理认识和未来影响

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155677

{"title":"Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: Physiological significance, mechanistic insights and future implications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a quality control mechanism that detects and degrades premature aberrant transcripts and importantly, it also takes part in gene expression regulation by regulating the endogenous transcripts. NMD distinguishes aberrant and non-aberrant transcript by looking after the NMD signatures such as long 3′ UTR. NMD modulates cellular surveillance and eliminates the plausible synthesis of truncated proteins as because if the aberrant mRNA escapes the surveillance pathway it can lead to potential negative phenotype resulting in genetic diseases. NMD involves multiple proteins and any alteration or mutation within these proteins results in various pathophysiological consequences. NMD plays a complex role in cancer, it can either aggravate or downregulates the tumour. Some tumours agitate NMD to deteriorate mRNAs encoding tumour suppressor proteins, stress response proteins and neoantigens. In other case, tumours suppress the NMD to encourage the expression of oncoproteins for tumour growth and survival. In this review, we have shed light on the core and associated proteins of NMD, further summarized the mechanism of the NMD pathway and also described the implications of mutations in NMD factors resulting in severe pathological conditions including neurodevelopmental disorder, effects on male sterility and cancer. Understanding the complexities of NMD regulation and its interaction with other cellular processes can lead to the development of new interventions for various diseases. This review summarizes the current understanding of NMD and its role in controlling various cellular processes in both development and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long non-coding RNAs as the pivotal regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition through WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in tumor cells 长非编码 RNA 通过 WNT/β-catenin 信号通路成为肿瘤细胞上皮间充质转化的关键调控因子

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155683

{"title":"Long non-coding RNAs as the pivotal regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition through WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in tumor cells","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumor cell invasion is considered as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients, which leads to distant metastasis and reduced prognosis. Therefore, investigation of the factors involved in tumor cell invasion improves the therapeutic methods to reduce tumor metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process has a pivotal role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis, during which tumor cells gain the invasive ability by losing epithelial characteristics and acquiring mesenchymal characteristics. WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway has a key role in tumor cell invasion by regulation of EMT process. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also an important role in EMT process through the regulation of WNT/β-catenin pathway. Deregulation of lncRNAs is associated with tumor metastasis in different tumor types. Therefore, in the present review, we investigated the role of lncRNAs in EMT process and tumor cell invasion through the regulation of WNT/β-catenin pathway. It has been reported that lncRNAs mainly induced the EMT process and tumor cell invasion through the activation of WNT/β-catenin pathway. LncRNAs that regulate the WNT/β-catenin mediated EMT process can be introduced as the prognostic markers as well as suitable therapeutic targets to reduce the tumor metastasis in cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A complete sojourn on exosomes: Potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents 外泌体的完整旅程：潜在的诊断和治疗药物

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155674

{"title":"A complete sojourn on exosomes: Potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2024.155674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exosomes are vesicles produced by the human body for carrying certain information from one cell to another. The carriers are nanosized vesicles carrying a wide variety of cargo like RNA, DNA, and proteins. Exosomes are also being used in the early diagnosis of various diseases and disorders. Current research focuses on exosomes tailoring for achieving therapeutic potential in various diseases and disorders. Besides this, their biocompatibility, stability, adjustable efficacy, and targeting properties make them attractive vehicles for formulation developers. Various preclinical studies suggested that the exosome culture cells are also modified with certain genes to achieve the desirable properties of resultant exosomes. The human body also produces some other vesicles like Ectosomes and Exomeres produced along with exosomes. Additionally, vesicles like Migrasomes are produced by migrating cells and apoptotic bodies, and Oncosomes are produced by cancer cells which can also be useful for the diagnosis of various diseases and disorders. For the separation of desired exosomes from other vesicles some latest techniques that can be useful viz differential centrifugation, density gradient centrifugation, and immunoaffinity purification have been discussed. Briefly, this review summarized various techniques of isolation of purified exosomes along with an overview of the application of exosomes in various neurodegenerative disorders and cancer along with various latest aspects of exosomes in disease progression and management which might be beneficial for the researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0