Pathology, research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the biological role of the Warburg effect: Evolving perspectives on cancer metabolism","authors":"Diego De Leon-Oliva ,&nbsp;Paula González-Prieto ,&nbsp;Patricia De Castro-Martinez ,&nbsp;Diego Liviu Boaru ,&nbsp;Pilar Laguna-Hernández ,&nbsp;Oscar Fraile-Martinez ,&nbsp;Cielo García-Montero ,&nbsp;Luis G. Guijarro ,&nbsp;Laura López-González ,&nbsp;Raul Díaz-Pedrero ,&nbsp;Melchor Álvarez-Mon ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Saez ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Ortega","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer cells exhibit metabolic reprogramming towards a glycolysis-dominant profile. This shift, known as the Warburg effect, enhances cancer cell survival, growth, and metastasis by increasing glucose uptake and lactate production. It also meets the high anabolic demands of proliferation by providing important biosynthetic precursors. Despite its long-standing discovery, the origins and roles of the Warburg effect in cancer remain unclear. Recent research has provided deeper insights into its cellular origins and involvement in cancer progression and metastasis. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and updated understanding of the significance of glycolysis in cancer. Initially, a brief overview of the glycolytic pathway will be presented, followed by an in-depth discussion of how this pathway is altered in cancer, its biological significance, and its regulatory mechanisms. We highlight that lactate production in cancer cells may not solely reflect a metabolic inefficiency, but rather a compensatory mechanism to regenerate cytosolic NAD⁺ when mitochondrial NADH shuttles become saturated, thereby sustaining glycolytic flux under rapid proliferative demands. Finally, the review will explore the translational implications of glycolysis research in the clinical context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPINK1 immunohistochemistry: An ancillary tool to diagnose urothelial carcinoma in situ and urothelial dysplasia","authors":"Francesca Khani ,&nbsp;Shaham Beg ,&nbsp;Kyung Park ,&nbsp;Kathy Kawaguchi ,&nbsp;Ya-Lin Chiu ,&nbsp;Brian D. Robinson ,&nbsp;Rosina Lis ,&nbsp;Edward C. Stack ,&nbsp;Douglas S. Scherr ,&nbsp;Jonathan E. Rosenberg ,&nbsp;Massimo Loda ,&nbsp;Arul M. Chinnaiyan ,&nbsp;Mark A. Rubin ,&nbsp;Juan Miguel Mosquera","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expression of SPINK1 (Serine protease inhibitor Kazal type I), also known as tumor associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI), has been demonstrated in a wide spectrum of benign, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. Based on our prior results of its expression in urothelial carcinoma, in this study we further characterized SPINK1 expression in a spectrum of urothelial lesions and investigated its potential diagnostic utility. A total of 396 samples comprising a spectrum of urothelial lesions including benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions were evaluated for SPINK1 expression by immunohistochemistry and amplification by fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization (FISH). In a subset of lesions, immunohistochemistry for CK20, CD44, and p53 was also performed. SPINK1 expression was restricted to umbrella cells or lost in 93 % of normal urothelium. Overexpression of SPINK1 in reactive urothelial atypia, urothelial dysplasia, carcinoma <em>in situ</em> (CIS), and papillary urothelial carcinoma (invasive and non-invasive) was seen in 21 %, 36 %, 87 % and 54 % of cases, respectively. Increasing frequency of SPINK1 loss was observed with higher pathologic stage (48.5 % in pT1, 50 % in pT2, 62.5 % in pT3). When compared with other markers, SPINK1 positivity itself has a sensitivity of 90 % for detecting CIS, a 97 % sensitivity when combined with CK20, and a 98 % sensitivity when combined with p53. No amplification of SPINK1 was detected by FISH in any case. Our study illustrates the differential expression of SPINK1 in various urothelial lesions and shows that SPINK1 immunohistochemistry can be utilized as an ancillary tool with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing urothelial dysplasia and CIS in challenging cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative transcriptomic and single-cell protein characterization of colorectal carcinoma delineates distinct tumor immune microenvironments associated with overall survival","authors":"Erika Hissong ,&nbsp;Bhavneet Bhinder ,&nbsp;Junbum Kim ,&nbsp;Kentaro Ohara ,&nbsp;Hiranmayi Ravichandran ,&nbsp;Majd Al Assaad ,&nbsp;Sarah Elsoukkary ,&nbsp;Michael Shusterman ,&nbsp;Uqba Khan ,&nbsp;Kenneth Wha Eng ,&nbsp;Rohan Bareja ,&nbsp;Jyothi Manohar ,&nbsp;Michael Sigouros ,&nbsp;Andre F. Rendeiro ,&nbsp;Jose Jessurun ,&nbsp;Allyson J. Ocean ,&nbsp;Andrea Sboner ,&nbsp;Olivier Elemento ,&nbsp;Juan Miguel Mosquera ,&nbsp;Manish A. Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying therapeutic response and prognosis, and evidence suggests the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role. Using advanced molecular and spatial biology technologies, we aimed to evaluate the TIME in patients with CRC to determine whether specific characteristics of immune composition correlated with prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified primary and metastatic tumor samples from 31 consented patients, which were profiled with whole-exome sequencing and bulk RNA-seq. Immune cell deconvolution followed by gene set enrichment analysis and unsupervised clustering was performed. A subset of tumors underwent <em>in situ</em> analysis of the TIME spatial composition at single-cell resolution through Imaging Mass Cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gene set enrichment analysis revealed two distinct groups of advanced CRC, one with an immune activated phenotype and the other with a suppressed immune microenvironment. The activated TIME phenotype contained increased Th1 cells, activated dendritic cells, tertiary lymphoid structures, and higher counts of CD8 + T cells whereas the inactive or suppressed TIME contained increased macrophages enriched for immunosuppressive M2 macrophages. Our findings were further supported by RNA-seq data analysis from the TCGA CRC database, in which the ratio of inactivated to activated dendritic cells within the CRC TIME correlated with a lower overall survival probability (HR 1.66, p = 0.007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identified distinct immunologic tumor microenvironments in colorectal cancer. Cancers harboring an activated TIME are associated with improved survival. Identifying key molecular drivers of the CRC TIME may offer opportunities to improve patient survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plica syndrome in the knee – A histopathological pilot study","authors":"David Grevenstein ,&nbsp;Andreas Mamilos ,&nbsp;Volker H. Schmitt ,&nbsp;Maximilian Babel ,&nbsp;Markus Rupp ,&nbsp;Lina Winter ,&nbsp;Christoph Brochhausen","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plica syndrome, a condition caused by hypertrophy of the medial plica in the knee, is clinically characterized by antero-medial knee pain, especially in sport activities involving repetitive joint extension and flexion. Despite its high prevalence in young individuals, it is often overlooked, and there is a lack of systematic examination regarding characteristic histopathological changes associated with this syndrome. We performed a retrospective histological evaluation using haematoxylin-eosin, Elastica van Gieson and Berlin-blue staining and correlated clinical data of 45 plicae obtained from patients diagnosed with symptomatic plica syndrome. Our analysis focused on identifying characteristic pathological changes, especially acute and chronic inflammatory signs. The majority of examined plicae showed signs of fibrosis. Chronic inflammatory reactions dominated over acute inflammatory reactions. Additionally, hypertrophy of the synovial covering cells was observed. Lymphocyte aggregation occurred, while bleeding and fatty tissue reorganisation were rare. Our findings suggest that inflammation plays an active role in the development and maintenance of the plica syndrome. Future studies should prioritize the development of a histopathological scoring system for plica syndrome and the question whether the plica syndrome represents a risk factor for osteoarthritis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Clinical significance, prognostic impact, and correlation with microvessel density","authors":"Cong Xu ,&nbsp;Fanglong Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Conghui He ,&nbsp;Yanrong Feng ,&nbsp;Lanzhen Cui ,&nbsp;Lijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in facilitating tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis. Nevertheless, studies examining the clinicopathological significance of CAFs and microvessel density (MVD) in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC), as well as their implications for prognosis, are scarce. Tissue samples from 96 HPSCC patients were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CAF markers (including FAP and α-SMA) and MVD (characterized by the CD31 marker). Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanisms through which CAFs exert their functions. Compared with normal hypopharyngeal tissues, HPSCC tissues exhibited a greater number of CAFs and greater MVD. The high-MVD group demonstrated increased levels of FAP and α-SMA expression, increased CAF density, and an elevated rate of lymph node metastasis. Both CAF enrichment and high MVD were significantly associated with adverse clinicopathological features in patients, thereby leading to reduced overall survival. Additionally, both MVD and lymph node metastasis were identified as being independent prognostic factors that markedly increase patient mortality risk. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that CAFs may affect tumor progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis by the PI3K-Akt, KRAS, and Hedgehog signaling pathways, as well as through mechanisms such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ECM remodeling. CD19 may act as a potential marker for how CAFs affect the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In summary, our findings indicate that CAFs and the MVD may significantly influence the prognosis of HPSCC patients. Angiogenesis and immunosuppression may represent the central mechanism through which CAFs affect prognosis, as CAFs facilitate angiogenesis and immunosuppression, thereby driving tumor progression and metastasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular carcinogenesis in Hodgkin lymphoma: Interplay between B lymphocyte mutations and NF-κB pathway dysregulation","authors":"Mohammed H. Abu-Alghayth","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) arises from aberrant B lymphocytes due to genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and persistent inflammation, leading to chronic hyperactivation of the NF-κB signaling cascade, which drives cell survival and immune evasion. The pathway regulates cell survival and immune response and is abnormally activated through an interplay between genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and persistent inflammation. This review examines the relationship between B cell mutations and NF-κB signaling in the progression of HL. Particular focus is drawn to genetic mutations concerning Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related proteins, such as BCL6 and CREBBP, which are reported to cause disruptions in normal B cell formation and support aberrant cell growth. These observations suggest that genetic and epigenetic alterations protect cancer cells from apoptosis while sustaining inflammation and promoting tumor development. By integrating existing studies, this review aims to identify potential molecular targets of HL development and propose new therapeutic approaches. By better elucidating these pathways, future therapies can be designed to interfere with the mechanisms of disease advancement, holding promise for better patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and prognostic analysis of three clones of PD-L1 antibody in colorectal cancer","authors":"Wan-Wan Gao ,&nbsp;Bing Zhou ,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Guo-Xiang Xu,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PD-L1 is a well-established marker in colorectal cancer, whose expression is a crucial indicator for the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, different PD-L1 antibodies showed different results. Our study evaluated the expressions of PD-L1 antibody from three different clones (22C3, SP263, E1L3N) in colorectal cancer tissues, we analyzed and compared their expression consistency in tumor and stroma tissues, as well as investigating the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis. PD-L1 was observed in both tumor cells and immune cells, exhibiting a mottled distribution pattern. Using 1 % as the threshold, the positive rates of CPS for the three clones were 31.5 % (22C3), 28.4 % (SP263), and 32.7 % (E1L3N), respectively. When comparing 22C3 and SP263, as well as SP263 and E1L3N, a high level of consistency was observed. However, moderate consistency was found between 22C3 and E1L3N. The positive rate of CPS in different antibodies was found to be associated with mismatch repair protein (MMR) and lymphatic metastasis, while showing no correlation with gender, age, tumor size, or other parameters. Survival analyses revealed that tumor location, chemotherapy and differentiation degree emerged as independent prognostic factors for patients, whereas there is no significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and overall patient prognosis in colorectal cancer. PD-L1 expression in tumor and immune cells exhibits a variegated and mottled pattern. Three clones of PD-L1 antibody demonstrated moderate to good consistency and potential interchangeability in their expression within colorectal cancer. PD-L1 expression may serve as an indicator of tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian intraoperative consultation: A 5-year study on diagnostic concordance of 657 cases","authors":"Christopher Felicelli ,&nbsp;Olivia W. Foley ,&nbsp;Steven Smith ,&nbsp;Emily Hinchcliff ,&nbsp;Luis Z. Blanco Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diagnostic accuracy is critical in the assessment of ovarian lesions at the time of intraoperative consult (IOC), as surgical decision making is greatly affected by the type of diagnosis rendered. In this study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of ovarian IOC at a major academic center over a 5-year period. A total of 657 cases of ovarian lesions were included within the study. The overall accuracy of diagnosis by biological behavior was 94.2 %, and the sensitivity of IOC diagnosis was 98.7 %, 88.5 %, and 87.1 % for benign, borderline, and malignant categories, respectively. Major diagnostic errors were predominantly secondary to sampling errors, with mucinous tumors posing a challenge with frequent upgraded diagnosis. While the assessment of ovarian IOC has been assessed in the past, our study incorporates high case volumes with subsequent diversity of neoplastic lesions encountered at a major tertiary academic center. This study continues to emphasize the importance of ovarian IOC, the overall high accuracy rate, and the dependence on IOC to guide clinical colleagues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal management of TAA-induced liver toxicity: Fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Ahmed A. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Aly A. Shoun ,&nbsp;Rana A. El-Kadi ,&nbsp;Sandra O. Abd El-Maseh ,&nbsp;Shimaa A. Abass","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The liver is responsible for the metabolism of the majority of currently utilized medicines and other foreign substances. Thioacetamide (TAA) is a potent hepatotoxin organosulfur compound. Moreover, TAA gained attention in research as a tool to induce liver injuries like inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and to study liver regeneration. Several regimens are used to prevent and treat liver disease, but they have been linked with a variety of negative effects. Several natural substances have the potential to assist in the treatment and prevention of liver disease. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the efficacy of these herbal mixtures and their bioactive compounds in preventing and treating liver disease. TAA elicited the generation of ROS, provoked oxidative stress, and initiated apoptosis in hepatic cells via the JNK and MAPK pathways. Nevertheless, the adverse effects of TAA could be suppressed by natural plants, which not only eliminated ROS but also activated the PI3K-Akt cell survival pathway in the liver and prevented apoptosis approaches. Fuller understanding of the disease etiology and fibrotic processes is important for better prevention and treatment. This review aims to describe natural plant use in preventing and treating TAA-induced liver toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological features and prognostic insights of cutaneous versus non-cutaneous angiosarcoma: A retrospective single-center cohort study","authors":"Davide Voci ,&nbsp;Alexandru Grigorean ,&nbsp;Julia Neuenschwander ,&nbsp;Franca Lisy ,&nbsp;Riccardo M. Fumagalli ,&nbsp;Tim Sebastian ,&nbsp;Nils Kucher ,&nbsp;Rolf P. Engelberger","doi":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prp.2025.156139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Angiosarcoma is a rare, aggressive malignancy of endothelial origin, accounting for 1–2 % of soft tissue sarcomas. It occurs in cutaneous (C-AS) and non-cutaneous (NC-AS) forms, with distinct clinical behaviors and prognoses. While C-AS primarily affects the head and neck, NC-AS involves visceral organs such as the heart, liver, and breast. Despite advances in treatment, survival remains poor, and recurrence is common.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, single-center cohort study analyzed 30 patients diagnosed with angiosarcoma at the University Hospital Zurich (2000–2023). The study compared clinicopathological characteristics, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors influencing survival and recurrence. Patients were stratified into C-AS (n = 10) and NC-AS (n = 20) groups. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both subtypes shared a poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 12 %. NC-AS had a higher early mortality rate, with a significantly worse median OS (9 vs. 36 months, p = 0.04), while early recurrence after treatment was more frequent in C-AS. High-grade tumor differentiation and metastases at diagnosis were independent predictors of poorer OS (p = 0.01; p = 0.04). Multimodal treatment, including surgery and radiotherapy, was associated with improved survival (p &lt; 0.05). No clinicopathological factor showed a statistically significant association with RFS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>C-AS and NC-AS exhibit distinct prognostic profiles, with NC-AS associated with a higher metastatic burden and worse outcomes. Prognostic factors such as tumor grade and metastases at diagnosis influence survival. Multimodal treatment strategies appear beneficial, though recurrence remains a major challenge. Further prospective studies are needed to refine therapeutic approaches and explore emerging targeted therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19916,"journal":{"name":"Pathology, research and practice","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 156139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}