Reza Eshraghi, Ashkan Bahrami, Motahare Karimi Houyeh, Maryam Nasr Azadani
{"title":"JN.1 and the ongoing battle: unpacking the characteristics of a new dominant COVID-19 variant.","authors":"Reza Eshraghi, Ashkan Bahrami, Motahare Karimi Houyeh, Maryam Nasr Azadani","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2369378","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2369378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the fourth year of the COVID-19 occurrence, a new COVID-19 variant, JN.1, has emerged and spread globally and become the dominant strain in several regions. It has some specific mutations in its spike proteins, empowering it with higher transmissibility. Regarding the significance of the issue, understanding the clinical and immunological traits of JN.1 is critical for enhancing health strategies and vaccination efforts globally, with the ultimate goal of bolstering our collective response to the pandemic. In this study, we take a look at the latest findings of JN.1 characteristics and mutations as well as its consequences on bypassing immune system. We demonstrate the importance of continual surveillance and strategic adaptation within healthcare frameworks along with the significance of wastewater sampling for the rapid identification of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"453-458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irene Molina-de la Fuente, Marc Christian Tahita, Kabore Bérenger, Thuy Huong Ta Tang, Luz García, Vicenta González, Agustín Benito, Judith M Hübschen, Halidou Tinto, Pedro Berzosa
{"title":"Malaria diagnosis challenges and <i>pfhrp2</i> and <i>pfhrp3</i> gene deletions using pregnant women as sentinel population in Nanoro region, Burkina Faso.","authors":"Irene Molina-de la Fuente, Marc Christian Tahita, Kabore Bérenger, Thuy Huong Ta Tang, Luz García, Vicenta González, Agustín Benito, Judith M Hübschen, Halidou Tinto, Pedro Berzosa","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2388489","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2388489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria in pregnancy causes adverse consequences and prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for case management. In malaria endemic countries, diagnosis is mainly based on rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and microscopy. However, increasing reports of false negatives caused by low parasitemia and <i>pfhrp2/3</i> deletions raise concerns about HRP2-based RDT usefulness. This study aimed to assess RDT and microscopy performance and to describe <i>pfhrp2/3</i> deletions in a cohort of 418 pregnant women in Burkina Faso. Malaria was diagnosed using RDT and microscopy and blood samples were collected during antenatal care visits. Diagnostic results were compared to PCR as gold standard. <i>Pfhrp2</i> and <i>pfhrp3</i> deletions were characterized for patients with confirmed <i>P. falciparum</i> infection. RDT had better sensitivity (76%) but lower specificity (83%) than microscopy (sensitivity = 57%; specificity = 98%). Low parasitemia (<150 parasites/µL), especially in multigravidae, was the principal factor causing false negatives by both methods. Moreover, <i>pfhrp2</i> deletion frequency among overall false negatives by RDT was 21.43%. Higher frequency of deletions was found among all samples, independently of RDT result, for example around 2% of samples had double deletions meaning that the majority of deletions had no effect on RDT testing. Finally, it was found higher <i>pfhrp2</i> deletion in women with lower uterine height during the first trimester. Wider and National surveillance study of deletions is recommended among pregnant women and in Burkina Faso.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"481-491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syahrul Amin Sa'adon, Nur Hana Jasni, Hairul Hisham Hamzah, Nurulhasanah Othman
{"title":"Electrochemical biosensors for the detection of protozoan parasite: a scoping review.","authors":"Syahrul Amin Sa'adon, Nur Hana Jasni, Hairul Hisham Hamzah, Nurulhasanah Othman","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2381402","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2381402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of rapid, accurate, and efficient detection methods for protozoan parasites can substantially control the outbreak of protozoan parasites infection, which poses a threat to global public health. Idealistically, electrochemical biosensors would be able to overcome the limitations of current detection methods due to their simplified detection procedure, on-site quantitative analysis, rapid detection time, high sensitivity, and portability. The objective of this scoping review is to evaluate the current state of electrochemical biosensors for detecting protozoan parasites. This review followed the most recent Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) recommendations. Using electrochemical biosensor and protozoan parasite keywords, a literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect on journals published between January 2014 and January 2022. Of the 52 studies, 19 were evaluated for eligibility, and 11 met the review's inclusion criteria to evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of the developed electrochemical biosensor platforms for detecting protozoan parasite including information about the samples, biomarkers, bioreceptors, detection system platform, nanomaterials used in fabrication, and limit of detection (LoD). Most electrochemical biosensors were fabricated using conventional electrodes rather than screen-printed electrodes (SPE). The range of the linear calibration curves for the developed electrochemical biosensors was between 200 ng/ml and 0.77 pM. The encouraging detection performance of the electrochemical biosensors demonstrate their potential as a superior alternative to existing detection techniques. On the other hand, more study is needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the electrochemical sensing platform for protozoan parasite detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"459-470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William C Lieber, Faraan O Rahim, Henry S Q Lartey, Devesh Shah, Blandina T Mmbaga, Nathan M Thielman, Julian T Hertz
{"title":"Capacity building for infectious disease control in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"William C Lieber, Faraan O Rahim, Henry S Q Lartey, Devesh Shah, Blandina T Mmbaga, Nathan M Thielman, Julian T Hertz","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272363","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"526-528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49680865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laxit K Bhatt, Jitendra H Patel, Chitrang R Shah, Sudhir R Patel, Shital D Patel, Vipul A Patel, Rajesh Sundar, Mukul R Jain
{"title":"Immunization of laboratory animal workers: occupational health and safety aspects.","authors":"Laxit K Bhatt, Jitendra H Patel, Chitrang R Shah, Sudhir R Patel, Shital D Patel, Vipul A Patel, Rajesh Sundar, Mukul R Jain","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2329376","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2329376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational immunization is an integral part of institutional occupational safety and health (OSH) programs. Laboratory animal workers (LAWs) are personnel working with various small and large vertebrate animals. LAWs are at the risk of contracting a myriad of zoonotic infections as they are occupationally exposed to animals and their biological products. Immunizing employees against such zoonotic pathogens is the best way to prevent disease transmission. This review provides information on various zoonotic diseases, vaccines available to protect against such infections, and vaccination schedules. Certain sections of institutional occupational immunization programs such as risk evaluation, immunizing special categories of personnel and exemption from immunization among others are also described. Additionally, the authors have discussed various probable modes of impact through which occupational immunization of laboratory animal workers fulfills different United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"376-396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential climate change effects on the distribution of urban and sylvatic dengue and yellow fever vectors.","authors":"Alisa Aliaga-Samanez, David Romero, Kris Murray, Marina Segura, Raimundo Real, Jesús Olivero","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2369377","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2369377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change may increase the risk of dengue and yellow fever transmission by urban and sylvatic mosquito vectors. Previous research primarily focused on <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. However, dengue and yellow fever have a complex transmission cycle involving sylvatic vectors. Our aim was to analyze how the distribution of areas favorable to both urban and sylvatic vectors could be modified as a consequence of climate change. We projected, to future scenarios, baseline distribution models already published for these vectors based on the favorability function, and mapped the areas where mosquitoes' favorability could increase, decrease or remain stable in the near (2041-2060) and distant (2061-2080) future. Favorable areas for the presence of dengue and yellow fever vectors show little differences in the future compared to the baseline models, with changes being perceptible only at regional scales. The model projections predict dengue vectors expanding in West and Central Africa and in South-East Asia, reaching Borneo. Yellow fever vectors could spread in West and Central Africa and in the Amazon. In some locations of Europe, the models suggest a reestablishment of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>, while <i>Ae. albopictus</i> will continue to find new favorable areas. The results underline the need to focus more on vectors <i>Ae. vittatus</i>, <i>Ae. luteocephalus</i> and <i>Ae. africanus</i> in West and Central sub-Saharan Africa, especially Cameroon, Central Africa Republic, and northern Democratic Republic of Congo; and underscore the importance of enhancing entomological monitoring in areas where populations of often overlooked vectors may thrive as a result of climate changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"397-407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asmaa R Ellakany, Hanan El Baz, Zeinab S Shoheib, Mohamed Elzallat, Dalia S Ashour, Nabila A Yassen
{"title":"Stem cell-derived exosomes as a potential therapy for schistosomal hepatic fibrosis in experimental animals.","authors":"Asmaa R Ellakany, Hanan El Baz, Zeinab S Shoheib, Mohamed Elzallat, Dalia S Ashour, Nabila A Yassen","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2240085","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2240085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease. Egg-induced granuloma formation and tissue fibrosis are the main causes of the high morbidity and mortality of schistosomiasis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes play an important role with a superior safety profile than MSCs in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of MSCs-derived exosomes on schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. Exosomes were isolated from bone marrow MSCs and characterized. A total of 85 mice were divided into four groups: group I (control group), group II (PZQ group) infected and treated with PZQ, group III (EXO group) infected and treated with MSCs-derived exosomes and group IV (PZQ+EXO group) infected and treated with both PZQ and MSCs-derived exosomes. Assessment of treatment efficacy was evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of liver sections by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The results showed significant reduction of the number and diameter of hepatic granulomas, hepatic fibrosis, upregulation of PCNA expression and reduction of NF-κB expression in EXO and PZQ+EXO groups as compared to other groups at all durations post infection. Additionally, more improvement was observed in PZQ+EXO group. In conclusion, MSCs-derived exosomes are a promising agent for the treatment of schistosomal hepatic fibrosis, and their combination with PZQ shows a synergistic action including antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, further studies are required to establish their functional components and their mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"429-449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9888746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeeshan Mustafa, Haris Manzoor Khan, Syed Ghazanfar Ali, Hiba Sami, Ahmad Almatroudi, Masood Alam Khan, Arif Khan, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Khaled S Allemailem, Islam Ahmad, Asmaa El-Kady, Mohammed Suliman Al-Muzaini, Mohammad Azam Khan, Mohd Azam
{"title":"Distinct inflammatory markers in primary and secondary dengue infection: can cytokines CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17 act as surrogate markers?","authors":"Zeeshan Mustafa, Haris Manzoor Khan, Syed Ghazanfar Ali, Hiba Sami, Ahmad Almatroudi, Masood Alam Khan, Arif Khan, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Khaled S Allemailem, Islam Ahmad, Asmaa El-Kady, Mohammed Suliman Al-Muzaini, Mohammad Azam Khan, Mohd Azam","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2365581","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2365581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue fever poses a significant global health threat, with symptoms including dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Each year, India experiences fatal dengue outbreaks with severe manifestations. The primary cause of severe inflammatory responses in dengue is a cytokine storm. Individuals with a secondary dengue infection of a different serotype face an increased risk of complications due to antibody-dependent enhancement. Therefore, it is crucial to identify potential risk factors and biomarkers for effective disease management. In the current study, we assessed the prevalence of dengue infection in and around Aligarh, India, and explored the role of cytokines, including CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17, in primary and secondary dengue infections, correlating them with various clinical indices. Among 1,500 suspected cases, 367 tested positive for dengue using Real-Time PCR and ELISA. In secondary dengue infections, the serum levels of CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17 were significantly higher than in primary infections (P < 0.05). Dengue virus (DENV)-2 showed the highest concentrations of CXCL5 and CCL17, whereas DENV-1 showed the highest concentrations of CXCL9. Early detection of these cytokines could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing severe dengue, and downregulation of these cytokines may prove beneficial for the treatment of severe dengue infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saulo Nascimento de Melo, David Soeiro Barbosa, Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara, Taynãna César Simões, Lia Puppim Buzanovsky, Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte, Ana Nilce Silveira Maia-Elkhoury, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, Lucas Edel Donato, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn, Vinícius Silva Belo
{"title":"Tegumentary leishmaniasis in Brazil: priority municipalities and spatiotemporal relative risks from 2001 to 2020.","authors":"Saulo Nascimento de Melo, David Soeiro Barbosa, Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara, Taynãna César Simões, Lia Puppim Buzanovsky, Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte, Ana Nilce Silveira Maia-Elkhoury, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, Lucas Edel Donato, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn, Vinícius Silva Belo","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2367442","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2367442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the distribution of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in different periods enables the adequate conduction of actions at the public health level. The present study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of TL incidence rates in the municipalities of Brazil and identifies priority areas from 2001 to 2020. Notifications of new cases were analyzed employing space-time scan statistics and Local Indicators of Spatial Association. As TL incidence rates presented a downward trend in most Brazilian municipalities, spatiotemporal clusters of high relative risks (RR) were more frequent in the first decade of the series. There was a concentration of those clusters in the North and Northeast regions, mainly in the Legal Amazon area. More recent high-RR areas were identified in municipalities of different regions. The number of priority municipalities showed a stable trend in Brazil. There was a great concentration of such municipalities in the states of Acre, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Pará, and Amapá, as well as large areas in Roraima, Amazonas, Maranhão, and Tocantins, and smaller areas in the states of Goiás, Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Paraná. The present study contributes to the understanding of the historical evolution of TL in Brazil and subsidizes actions to combat the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"418-428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovenale Moirano, Annarita Botta, Mingyou Yang, Martina Mangeruga, Kris Murray, Paolo Vineis
{"title":"Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review.","authors":"Giovenale Moirano, Annarita Botta, Mingyou Yang, Martina Mangeruga, Kris Murray, Paolo Vineis","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"361-375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}