Pathogens and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of hemozoin-based magneto-optical detection assay and RDT: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Vishnu Teja Nallapati, Manoj A R, Sushma Belurkar, Naveenchandra Kulal, Prashanth Bhat, Shama Prasada K, Nitin Gupta, Manjunath H Hande, Priyaleela Thota, David Bell, Kavitha Saravu","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2551508","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2551508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early detection and effective management of malaria are crucial for elimination efforts. Microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been the main diagnostic methods for over fifteen years, but they have limitations, especially in cases of low parasite density or deletions of target markers (HRP2/3). This study compares the diagnostic performance of a novel hemozoin-based diagnostic assay (Hz-MOD) with RDTs for detecting malaria in febrile patients in southwestern India. A prospective observational study involved 480 patients screened with Hz-MOD, RDT, microscopy, and nested PCR. Among the samples, 121 were positive by both microscopy and PCR. The sensitivity of Hz-MOD was 94.21% compared to microscopy and 91.74% compared to PCR. For RDTs, sensitivity was 90.91% compared to microscopy and 87.60% compared to PCR. In terms of specificity, Hz-MOD showed 98.61% compared to microscopy and 97.77% compared to PCR, while RDTs had 100% specificity against microscopy and 98.89% against PCR. These results suggest that the hemozoin-based test demonstrates similar sensitivity to RDTs and could serve as an effective screening tool for malaria detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing epidemics in the digital age: the crucial role of social media in information dissemination.","authors":"Francesco Branda, Massimo Ciccozzi, Fabio Scarpa","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2493854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2493854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"166-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza vaccination campaign in the workplace of a spanish bank.","authors":"Luis Reinoso-Barbero, Antonella Gieco, Erika Graterol, Carlota Hernández, Laura Gómez-Paredes, Juan Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Cristina Pérez-Herreras, Félix Gómez-Gallego","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2520079","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2520079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal influenza, also known as the flu, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. It constitutes a public health issue with mayor socioeconomic implications. Vaccination is the primary preventive measure against influenza. This study aimed to describe the 2022-23 flu vaccination campaign at the workplace of a financial company in Spain. This descriptive cross-sectional study included data from the 4,807 vaccinated employees, which represents 14% of the workforce. Statistical analysis was conducted based on gender, age, and workplace (Madrid, outside Madrid) using Pearson's Chi-square test, logistic regression, and Odds ratio. This paper reports an appointment adherence rate exceeding 90%. Employees working in Madrid were 3.41 times more likely to have been vaccinated compared to those outside Madrid (95% CI, 3.17 to 3.68). Compared to younger workers, individuals aged 44 and older were 1.57 times more likely to have received the vaccine (95% CI, 1.46 to 1.66). The workplace provides a convenient setting for flu vaccination campaigns. The geographical dispersion and remoteness of the Medical Centre's location affect the flu vaccination rate. Significant regulatory differences have been identified between the CDC and the Spanish Ministry of Health regarding vaccination in the working-age population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"225-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: a connecting link in the One Health concept.","authors":"Kanika Chawla, Pascal Piveteau, Shilpi Sharma","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2506042","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2506042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is the major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Besides hospitals, it is widely prevalent in diverse environmental settings, emphasizing the need to study it through the One Health approach. Dissemination of multidrug resistant, and/or hypervirulent, strains in the environment exacerbates the problem. However, only a few studies have examined its prevalence in the environment, leaving gaps in our understanding of its ecology across diverse habitats. A deeper insight into the pathogen's ecology is necessary to understand its dissemination routes. In this review, we have first discussed the taxonomy of the genus <i>Klebsiella</i> and widespread prevalence of the <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> species complex. Key factors, including mechanisms driving multidrug resistance, contributing to its ubiquity and competitiveness have been discussed. Additionally, ecological roles played by <i>K. pneumoniae</i> have been outlined. Finally, the studies comparing clinical and environmental isolates of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> have been reviewed, and a road map for future work in the area have been presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"184-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of immunosuppression on <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> infection in Spain.","authors":"Elena Vázquez, Oscar de Gregorio, Carmen Álvarez, Vicente Soriano, Octavio Corral, Alfonso Ortega-de la Puente, Marina de la Cruz-Echeandía, Xiomara Patricia Blanco-Valencia, Ana Royuela, Mario Martín-Portugués, Jorge Esteban-Sampedro, Víctor Moreno-Torres","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2472300","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2472300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immunosuppression (IS) determines a higher risk of disease severity from <i>Listeria monocytogenes (</i>LM) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the epidemiology of IS in all patients hospitalized with LM in Spain from 2000 to 2021 in the National Registry of Hospital Discharges. IS was defined by liver disease (LD), diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), solid organ transplantation (SOT), bone marrow transplantation (BMT), primary immunodeficiencies (ID), systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD), solid organ neoplasms (SON), and hematological neoplasms (HN).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,152 admissions with LM, 48% were IS. There was an increase from 39.5% to 60% during the study period, mainly driven by rises in DM (from 12.6% to 26.2%), SON (from 9.9% to 17.5%), CKD (from 4.4% to 16.3%), HN (from 6.6% to 13.4%), and LD (from 4.9% to 6.6%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all trends). IS fatality rate was higher than in non-IS (22.4% vs 11.3%; OR = 2.09). The proportion of LM patients with IS among LM in-hospital deaths increased from 57.1% in 2000 to 67.95% in 2021 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Fatality risk differed according to baseline IS condition: LD (OR = 2.42), CKD (OR = 1.49), SON (OR 3.01) and HN (OR 1.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of IS among patients hospitalized with LM in Spain has risen over the past two decades, with a growing impact on fatality rates. These findings should prompt further efforts to prevent and manage properly LM infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"151-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UAV-based aerial imaging and path optimization to combat mosquito-borne diseases.","authors":"Hema Bapireddygari, Maria Anu V","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2507681","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2507681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito is the cause of the transmission of diseases such as Dengue, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, and Zika. Dengue is a viral illness and currently, there is no specific treatment for the disease. The best possible way to prevent this disease is to avoid the reproduction of mosquitoes. Reproduction of mosquitoes is avoided by identifying and treating the Possible Breeding Habitats (PBH) such as Stagnant water in Tires, water tanks, and Puddles. The PBH can be identified using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) better known as Drones which cover vast areas and are cost-effective. In this work, an aerial dataset containing the PBH is created which is obtained by UAV. Each image is annotated manually to identify the objects of interest. Automatic detection of objects is experimented with by using YOLOv8 and YOLOv11 algorithms of all variants where YOLOv11 outperformed YOLOv8 with the metrics of mAP50 as 0.97, mAP50-90 as 0.61, Precision as 0.96, and recall as 0.88. The Travelling Salesman Problem is used to optimize the path planning and spray the larvicides at every waypoint using UAVs by reducing energy and battery consumption. Our approach detects and treats mosquito habitats by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"198-209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coriander borne <i>Salmonella</i> superbug: genomic assessments of chromosomal and plasmid-associated resistance, virulence and MGEs of XDR <i>Salmonella</i> enterica Typhi NH1.","authors":"Noor Ul Huda, Khwaja Ali Hasan, Faizan Saleem, Shahida Naz, Saeed Khan, Zulfiqar Ali Mirani, Muhammad Noman Syed, Amal S Alswat, Muhammad Sohail","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2513769","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2513769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The drug-resistant strains of <i>Salmonella</i> enterica serovar Typhi (<i>S</i>. Typhi) are serious threats to health sectors worldwide. This study focuses on genomic characterization of environmentally derived an extensively drug resistant (XDR) strain of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi, highlighting its potential to cause significant outbreak. The XDR strain (labeled as NH1) was isolated from fresh coriander, and characterized through whole-genome sequencing to investigate its lineage diversity, niche adaptation, sources and resistant mechanism. The NH1 strain exhibits phylogenomic association with clinical lineages <i>S</i>. Typhi NCTC8385 and ASM3025476. Its genome, assembled in 67 contigs, exhibited expected coverage and GC content, harboring a mega-plasmid, virulence factors, and intrinsic and extrinsic antimicrobial resistance genes. Plasmid annotation revealed IncQ1 and IncY plasmids responsible for the acquired resistance. SPIFinder identified SPI1-10 pathogenicity islands, and the CRISPR-Cas locus, associated with bacterial defense, bile salt resistance and biofilm formation, was present. NH1 strain also possesses numerous mobile elements (proteins and transposases), 12 prophages, and secretion systems (types I-IV, VI), aiding its survival in environment like vegetables. The genomic characterization of <i>S</i>. Typhi NH1 highlights the emergence of coriander-borne XDR strain, underscoring the need for targeted prevention to mitigate its public health impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"210-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term spatio-temporal trends in global rabies burden and its association with animal rabies vaccination during 1990-2019.","authors":"Zezhen Qin, Xiaohong Ma, Zhiyang Mo, Xinxuan Hu, Huijie Qin, Rui Wang, Yaye Zhao, Ping Zheng, Qiaoshan Lu, Xianyan Tang","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2502904","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2502904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabies remains a major public health issue. Yet, trends in rabies burden associated with age, period, and cohort effects remain unknown, and the association between animal rabies vaccination and rabies burden is unclear. We aimed to understand the long-term spatio-temporal trends in global rabies burden, the impacts of age, periods, and birth cohorts, and the association between animal rabies vaccination and burden. Rabies burden data were extracted from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We used joinpoint regression to assess temporal trends in rabies burden and age-period-cohort model to evaluate age, period, and cohort effects on rabies incidence and mortality. Animal rabies vaccination data were obtained from World Animal Health Information System. The association between the ratio of vaccinated animals and age-standardized incidence rate was explored. From 1990 to 2019, the global rabies incident cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) decreased by 43.12%, 47.20%, and 54.59%, respectively. Age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, and DALYs declined in all socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, yet consistently remained the highest in low SDI region. The highest rabies incidence rate and mortality rate were observed in children aged 0-9 years. Population living during 1990-1994 had the highest rabies incidence and mortality risks. Countries and territories with high rabies age-standardized incidence rate generally had low ratios of vaccinated animals. Globally, rabies burden decreased over past 30 years, yet disparities in rabies burden regarding gender, age, period, cohort and SDI region existed. Targeted strategies are needed, especially in low SDI region and among children aged 0-9 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sixth International Workshop on <i>Aedes albopictus</i>: updating the main challenges against the globally invasive Asian tiger mosquito.","authors":"Bros Doeurk, Didot Budi Prasetyo, Didier Fontenille, Mariangela Bonizzoni, Sebastien Boyer","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2486012","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2486012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of toll like receptors polymorphism (<i>TLR</i>1-rs4833095, <i>TLR</i>1-rs5743611, <i>TLR</i>6-rs5743810, <i>TLR</i>6-rs5743809, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986790, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986791, <i>TLR</i>9 rs187084) with clinical outcome of malaria among children in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Oluwayemi J Bamikole, Subulade A Ademola, Miles-Dei B Olufeagba, Babajide A Adedeji, Olukemi K Amodu","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2478362","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2025.2478362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different genetic polymorphisms, particularly in the erythrocyte receptors and immune response-related genes, have been implicated in the development of malaria. With the first immune response to <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> related to the activity of toll-like receptors (TLRs), we investigated the association of <i>TLR</i> polymorphisms with the clinical outcome of malaria among 662 children in Ibadan, Nigeria. The participants were genotyped for <i>TLR</i>1-rs5743611, <i>TLR1</i>-rs4833095, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986791, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986790, <i>TLR</i>6-rs5743810, <i>TLR</i>9-rs187084 and <i>TLR</i>9-rs5743809 using TaqMan real-time PCR probes and analyzed using the Sequenom iPLEX platform. Statistical analyses were performed using PLINK 2.0, Haploview 4.2 and SPSS® 20.0. Overall, the <i>TLR</i> genes were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The minor allelic frequency (MAF) of TRL1-rs4833095, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986790, <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986791, <i>TLR</i>9-rs187084, <i>TLR</i>9-rs5743809 was 0.094, 0.089, 0.011, 0.288, and 0.044, respectively. The CT genotype of <i>TLR</i>1-rs4833095 was significantly associated with increased susceptibility to clinical malaria. Similarly, the GA and CT genotypes of <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986790 and <i>TLR</i>4-rs4986791, respectively, were linked to susceptibility to complicated malaria. <i>TLR</i>9-rs187084 CT was associated with the development of uncomplicated malaria, while <i>TLR</i>6-rs5743809 showed no significant association with malaria. Notably, <i>TLR</i>1-rs5743611 and <i>TLR</i>6-rs5743810 were monomorphic in the population. This study, pioneering in its exploration of <i>TLR</i> polymorphisms among Yorubas', underscores the need for expansive, large-scale investigations involving diverse <i>TLR</i> polymorphisms across multiple malaria-endemic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}