Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Infection and neonatal encephalopathy.","authors":"Eleanor J Molloy, Aoife Branagan, Cynthia Bearer, Eric S Peeples","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04129-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-025-04129-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell models reveal mechanistic links between aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Chrishan J Ramachandra","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04278-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04278-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Impact: </strong>DNM1L mutations impair mitochondrial fission, leading to cardiomyocyte energy deficits and contractile dysfunction, and reveal a cardiac role for DNM1L beyond neurological disease. iPSC-cardiomyocytes derived from patients with DNM1L mutations demonstrate mitochondrial defects and cardiomyopathy phenotypes, offering a robust model to dissect disease mechanisms and identify personalised therapies. Disrupted mitochondrial dynamics directly lead to calcium mishandling and contractile dysfunction, positioning fission/fusion pathways as promising therapeutic targets in cardiomyopathy treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stopping the clock on placental aging: time for physicians and scientists to work together.","authors":"Karen K Mestan","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04269-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04269-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Density of tertiary lymphoid structures predict clinical outcome in hepatoblastoma.","authors":"Ruiwen Sun, Zhipeng Liu, Yisu Zhang, Faji Yang, Qirong Jiang, Yupeng Jiang, Shizhe Zhang, Qixuan Zheng, Zheyu Niu, Jun Lu, Hengjun Gao, Yijie Hao","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04210-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04210-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have emerged as critical regulators of antitumor immunity and prognostic indicators in various malignancies. However, the distribution patterns and prognostic significance of TLSs in hepatoblastoma (HB) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the presence, distribution, and prognostic value of TLSs in HB patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking TLSs to the tumor immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 112 HB patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection at Shandong Provincial Hospital between 2015 and 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. The presence of TLSs was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and patients were classified into TLS-positive and TLS-negative groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). In addition, transcriptome data from the GEO database (GSE133039) were analyzed to construct a TLS gene signature score and explore immune-related mechanisms associated with TLS presence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TLSs were identified in 45 out of 112 hepatoblastoma patients (40.2%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that TLS-positive patients had significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared to TLS-negative patients (p = 0.0017). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed the presence of TLSs as an independent favorable prognostic factor (HR = 0.061, p = 0.027). In contrast, advanced PRETEXT stage (III/IV), vascular invasion, and distant metastasis were identified as independent adverse prognostic factors, indicating that patients diagnosed at later stages tended to have a worse prognosis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that TLS-positive tumors exhibited higher expression of antigen presentation and immune activation-related genes (e.g., HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, SLAMF7), along with enriched infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells, suggesting a more active antitumor immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of TLSs is significantly associated with favorable prognosis in HB patients and may contribute to enhanced antitumor immunity by recruiting and activating cytotoxic immune cells. TLSs represent a promising prognostic biomarker and potential immunotherapeutic target for HB patients.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in hepatoblastoma (HB). Our study demonstrates that TLS-positive patients exhibit significantly prolonged overall survival. TLSs contribute to the tumor immune microenvironment by recruiting cytotoxic immune cells. These findings provide new insights into TLSs as a potential immunotherapeutic target for HB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of age-related diseases and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.","authors":"Cristina Pederiva, Giuseppe Banderali","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04264-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04264-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond hearing loss: exploring neurological and neurodevelopmental sequelae in asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.","authors":"Meghan R Swanson, Lauren D Haisley, William B Dobyns, Mark R Schleiss","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04232-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04232-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is common, and usually clinically inapparent. The prevalence of infection is approximately 1:200 births, but only 10-15% of infants have clinically apparent CMV disease (CACMV) as newborns. The most common long-term disability is sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which occurs in 10-15% of all cases. Infants with CACMV are also at increased risk for intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, learning disabilities, ocular and cortical blindness, seizure disorders, developmental delay, and autism spectrum disorders. Although infants with clinically inapparent cCMV (CICMV) are at risk for SNHL, the spectrum of other adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes is less clear, since few studies have tracked neurodevelopment in this setting. With the advent of universal cCMV screening, most cCMV infections will now be identified in infants with CICMV. These infants require serial audiologic monitoring, but many questions are unanswered, including what kinds of diagnostic evaluations are required; what kinds of central nervous system (CNS) imaging studies are recommended; what the utility and value of developmental assessments is; and whether there are biomarkers that can inform the long-term prognosis and direct anticipatory guidance in monitoring for neurologic and neurodevelopmental adverse outcomes. IMPACT: Universal newborn screening for congenital CMV (cCMV) infection has been implemented in many US states and Canadian provinces. Most infants identified by universal screening have CICMV infections. All require audiologic monitoring, but there is minimal experience to direct other evaluations, including laboratory tests, brain imaging and neurodevelopmental assessments. Adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in CICMV may be more extensive than previously appreciated. Research is needed to define the full range of potential neurocognitive disability. New knowledge generated by studying CICMV infections may aid in reclassification of the scope of disease in an emerging era of universal cCMV screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse long-term outcomes following seizures in non-asphyxiated term infants: A population-based cohort study.","authors":"Maria Jonsson, Lena Hellström-Westas, Per Wikman, Johan Ågren","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04225-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04225-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While birth asphyxia is a well-established cause of neonatal seizures associated with adverse outcome, less is known about outcomes after seizures in non-asphyxiated infants. We investigated adverse outcomes following neonatal seizures in infants born vigorous and without evidence of asphyxia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swedish national cohort (2009-2015) including 656,088 live-born term vigorous infants. The exposure was a diagnosis of neonatal seizure. A combined adverse outcome included any diagnosis of cerebral palsy, epilepsy, intellectual and developmental disability, or death. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>470 infants were diagnosed with seizures, and 299 (64%) had EEG-verified seizures. Among those with the combined adverse outcome, 75% were diagnosed the first year, corresponding to an incidence of 178 per 1000 of all infants and 224 per 1000 among EEG-verified cases. The one-year incidence rates were 220 per 1000 child years for all, and 283 per 1000 child years among those EEG-verified compared to 2.3 per 1000 child years without seizures. The HR for all seizures within 1 year was 95 (77-120), and for EEG-verified seizures 120 (96-160).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a strong association between neonatal seizures and adverse long-term outcome in vigorous term infants without asphyxia.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Term infants who were vigorous and non-asphyxiated at birth but later developed neonatal seizures faced a significant elevated risk of adverse outcomes, including death, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, intellectual and developmental disabilities. Among these adverse outcomes epilepsy was the most frequent and was predominantly diagnosed during the first year of life. Population-based studies utilizing national health and quality registers can greatly enhance our understanding of long-term outcomes following neonatal seizures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ending nuclear weapons, before they end us.","authors":"Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Marion Birch, Inga Blum, Peter Doherty, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, Richard Horton, Kati Juva, Jose F Lapena, Robert Mash, Olga Mironova, Arun Mitra, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N Naumova, David Onazi, Tilman Ruff, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Carlos Umaña, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04178-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04178-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of human milk leptin with maternal obesity and early infant weight trajectories.","authors":"Man-Chin Hua, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Ming-Han Tsai, Sui-Ling Liao, Kuan-Wen Su, Li-Chen Chen, Shen-Hao Lai, Chih-Yung Chiu, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-03984-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-03984-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore changes in adipokines during different stages of lactation, particularly in the context of maternal obesity, and their effect on growth trajectories by age 6 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mother-infant dyads (n = 303) were enrolled from a birth cohort study. Data concerning maternal pre-pregnancy weight, infants' breastfeeding practices, and anthropometric data were obtained regularly. We determined and compared leptin and adiponectin in colostrum and 2-month postpartum milk, in obese/ overweight and normal-weight mothers. Linear regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between adipokines during lactation and infant growth metrics, specifically weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ), up to 6 months of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obese and overweight mothers exhibited higher leptin in 2-month milk (P < 0.001). While univariate analysis suggested an inverse relationship between 2-month leptin and WAZ changes up to 6 months (Beta =-0.13, P = 0.042), adjustments for confounders rendered this association to nonsignificant (adjusted Beta = -0.12, P = 0.06). Multiple regression analysis identified WAZ at birth as an independent predictor of WAZ at six months (adjusted Beta = 0.36, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insufficient evidence shows that leptin in the 2-month milk is independently associated with WAZ outcome at age 6 months, irrespective of maternal pre-pregnancy weight categories.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>To date, large-scale study involving more than 300 mother-infant dyads, that explore the changes in adipokines during different stages of lactation in the context of maternal obesity, and their effect on infant growth is still lacking. There is insufficient evidence showing that leptin in the colostrum or mature milk is independently associated with the weight outcome at 6 months of age, irrespective of maternal pre-pregnancy weight categories. Birth weight z-scores is strongly associated with early postnatal growth. Longer follow-up studies are necessary to explore whether leptin in human milk could modulate later obesity risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traveling sustainably to and from the EAPS Congress Vienna- a pediatric researcher's experience.","authors":"Marie-Louise Herrmann, Mark Hayden, Jasper V Been, Suzan C M Cochius-den Otter","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04231-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04231-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Impact: </strong>Motivation and call for action for researchers to travel to congresses in a sustainable way. Sharing experiences of sustainable traveling regarding the EAPS Congress 2024 Vienna. Discussing the pros and cons of sustainable traveling modes for informed decision-making for congress participants. Highlighting the impact of congresses on the health care system's CO₂ footprint. Raising awareness of the need for sustainable congresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}