Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Allergy and atopic phenotype are associated with earlier gestation and severity of respiratory symptoms in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","authors":"Brianna C Aoyama, Joseph M Collaco, Amit Agarwal, Gangaram Akangire, Eric D Austin, Manvi Bansal, Anita Bhandari, A Ioana Cristea, Lystra P Hayden, Jonathan C Levin, Winston M Manimtim, Audrey N Miller, Paul E Moore, Antonia P Popova, Lawrence M Rhein, Catherine A Sheils, Steven H Abman, Christopher D Baker, Sara K Dawson, Mehtap Haktanir Abul, Jennifer K Henningfeld, Joanne M Lagatta, Roopa Siddaiah, Nicole Stephenson, Demet Toprak, Sharon A McGrath-Morrow","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04277-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04277-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A history of atopy is associated with respiratory morbidities in term-born children; however, little is known about how allergies/atopy affect respiratory outcomes in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This study aims to describe the prevalence of reported allergies/atopy in young children with BPD and assess whether allergies/atopy are associated with outpatient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective longitudinal cohort study of children between 0 and 36 months of age followed at outpatient BPD clinics was performed using data from questionnaires administered during routine clinical encounters. The presence of allergy/atopy was defined by caregiver questionnaires. Generalized estimating equations were used to adjust associations between allergy/atopy and respiratory outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rates of reported allergy/atopy in a cohort of infants and children with BPD (21.6%) were similar to previously published rates in healthy children. Children with atopy/allergy were more likely to be born at earlier gestational ages, have pulmonary hypertension, and be non-white and non-Hispanic compared to their non-atopic peers and to experience trouble breathing, nighttime symptoms, activity limitations, and rescue medication use during the first three years of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In children with BPD, allergy/atopy was more common among those born at earlier gestational ages and was significantly associated with increased respiratory symptoms during the first 3 years of life. Further studies are needed to assess whether the association between allergy/atopy and increased respiratory morbidity persists throughout childhood and affects later lung function and whether potential interventions, including inhaled steroids, may modify this risk.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>There is limited data on the prevalence of atopy/allergy in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and the association between allergy/atopy and respiratory outcomes in this population. Our findings demonstrate that in children with BPD, allergy/atopy was more common among those born at earlier gestational ages and was associated with increased respiratory symptoms and rescue medication use during the first 3 years of life. Further studies are needed to determine whether this association persists throughout childhood and affects later lung function and whether potential interventions may modify this risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates: Th2-Eosinophilic inflammation and asthma-like features.","authors":"Alvaro Moreira, Manissa Coleman, Khyzer Aziz, Vanessa Triviño, Lois Randolph, Noah C Bierwirth, Charles T Valadie, Shreyas Arya, Justin A Meunier, Bryan McOmber, Caitlyn Winter, Grace C Lee, Isabelle Decker, Alisha M Smith, Matthew Petershack, Cynthia L Blanco, Przemko Kwinta, Sunil K Ahuja","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04144-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04144-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is the most prevalent pediatric lung disease, characterized by T-helper 2 (Th2) cell activation and associated eosinophilic inflammation. Mounting evidence suggests a similar Th2 skewing in premature neonates who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease with overlapping features of asthma. Given that a substantial proportion of neonates with BPD later develop asthma, our study aimed to investigate the association between an asthma-related transcriptomic signature and BPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a previously established 10-gene asthma transcriptomic signature, we analyzed data from 111 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates over the first month of life. Meta-analysis across seven independent datasets confirmed the association of the asthma gene signature with BPD during the first week of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transcriptomic signature predicted BPD severity as early as day of life 5 and stratified disease progression. Validation in an extremely preterm baboon model of BPD revealed elevated plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-6, along with increased expression of Th2-driven inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings provide evidence of a shared genetic and immunologic framework between asthma and BPD, offering potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and avenues for targeted therapy.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The asthma-related transcriptomic signature predicts the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as early as day five of life, providing a potential early biomarker Elevated Th2-eosinophil inflammatory markers suggest a shared pathophysiology between BPD and asthma. This study highlights the potential for early diagnosis and targeted interventions to improve long-term respiratory outcomes in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere length in youth with type 1 diabetes and the role of physical fitness.","authors":"Jacinto Muñoz-Pardeza, José Francisco López-Gil, Nidia Huerta-Uribe, Ignacio Hormazábal-Aguayo, Ana Ojeda-Rodríguez, Amelia Marti Del Moral, Mikel Izquierdo, Antonio García-Hermoso","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04279-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-025-04279-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling the developmental signatures of genetic global developmental delay.","authors":"Marina Metzler, Zachary A Vesoulis, Jennifer A Wambach","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04268-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04268-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks and benefits of probiotics for preterm neonates: threshold of comfort or fear?","authors":"Mohan Pammi, Prakesh S Shah","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04267-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04267-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection and neonatal encephalopathy.","authors":"Eleanor J Molloy, Aoife Branagan, Cynthia Bearer, Eric S Peeples","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04129-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-025-04129-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell models reveal mechanistic links between aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Chrishan J Ramachandra","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04278-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04278-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Impact: </strong>DNM1L mutations impair mitochondrial fission, leading to cardiomyocyte energy deficits and contractile dysfunction, and reveal a cardiac role for DNM1L beyond neurological disease. iPSC-cardiomyocytes derived from patients with DNM1L mutations demonstrate mitochondrial defects and cardiomyopathy phenotypes, offering a robust model to dissect disease mechanisms and identify personalised therapies. Disrupted mitochondrial dynamics directly lead to calcium mishandling and contractile dysfunction, positioning fission/fusion pathways as promising therapeutic targets in cardiomyopathy treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stopping the clock on placental aging: time for physicians and scientists to work together.","authors":"Karen K Mestan","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04269-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04269-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Density of tertiary lymphoid structures predict clinical outcome in hepatoblastoma.","authors":"Ruiwen Sun, Zhipeng Liu, Yisu Zhang, Faji Yang, Qirong Jiang, Yupeng Jiang, Shizhe Zhang, Qixuan Zheng, Zheyu Niu, Jun Lu, Hengjun Gao, Yijie Hao","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04210-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04210-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have emerged as critical regulators of antitumor immunity and prognostic indicators in various malignancies. However, the distribution patterns and prognostic significance of TLSs in hepatoblastoma (HB) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the presence, distribution, and prognostic value of TLSs in HB patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking TLSs to the tumor immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 112 HB patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection at Shandong Provincial Hospital between 2015 and 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. The presence of TLSs was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and patients were classified into TLS-positive and TLS-negative groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). In addition, transcriptome data from the GEO database (GSE133039) were analyzed to construct a TLS gene signature score and explore immune-related mechanisms associated with TLS presence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TLSs were identified in 45 out of 112 hepatoblastoma patients (40.2%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that TLS-positive patients had significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared to TLS-negative patients (p = 0.0017). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed the presence of TLSs as an independent favorable prognostic factor (HR = 0.061, p = 0.027). In contrast, advanced PRETEXT stage (III/IV), vascular invasion, and distant metastasis were identified as independent adverse prognostic factors, indicating that patients diagnosed at later stages tended to have a worse prognosis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that TLS-positive tumors exhibited higher expression of antigen presentation and immune activation-related genes (e.g., HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, SLAMF7), along with enriched infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells, suggesting a more active antitumor immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of TLSs is significantly associated with favorable prognosis in HB patients and may contribute to enhanced antitumor immunity by recruiting and activating cytotoxic immune cells. TLSs represent a promising prognostic biomarker and potential immunotherapeutic target for HB patients.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in hepatoblastoma (HB). Our study demonstrates that TLS-positive patients exhibit significantly prolonged overall survival. TLSs contribute to the tumor immune microenvironment by recruiting cytotoxic immune cells. These findings provide new insights into TLSs as a potential immunotherapeutic target for HB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of age-related diseases and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.","authors":"Cristina Pederiva, Giuseppe Banderali","doi":"10.1038/s41390-025-04264-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-025-04264-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}