Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Beyond disclosure: setting standards for AI use in publishing in the journal Pediatric Research.","authors":"Max J Coppes, Sanjay K Juneja, Eleanor J Molloy, Cynthia F Bearer","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04974-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-026-04974-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral hemodynamics in early adolescents with congenital heart disease after infant open-heart surgery.","authors":"François Mojon, Beatrice Latal, Raimund Kottke, Oliver Kretschmar, Ruth Tuura O'Gorman, Melanie Ehrler","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04935-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04935-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fetuses and infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) show altered cerebral hemodynamics. However, little is known about whether those alterations persist throughout childhood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed cerebral hemodynamics in 83 adolescents 10-15 years (34 with CHD who underwent infant open-heart surgery, 49 healthy controls) using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Anterior hemodynamics were assessed in the internal carotid arteries (ICA) and internal jugular veins (IJV), and posterior hemodynamics in the vertebral arteries (VA), corrected for vessel angle (post-hoc). Average and peak blood velocity and average blood flow were quantified. Indexed cerebral blood flow (iCBF) was calculated as ICA blood flow adjusted for total brain volume. Cerebral hemodynamics were compared between patients and healthy controls and correlated with executive functions adjusted for age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anterior hemodynamics did not significantly differ between patients with CHD and controls (all FDR-corrected p > 0.1, β:0.00-0.30), but blood flow in the left VA was significantly lower in patients than controls (FDR-corrected p = 0.033, β = 0.31). Hemodynamic parameters were not significantly associated with executive functions (all FDR-corrected p > 0.8, β:0.02-0.12).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Adolescents with CHD have widely preserved anterior cerebral hemodynamics but may show alterations to their posterior circulation. Furthermore, current cerebral hemodynamics may not impact cognition in adolescents with CHD.  IMPACT: Adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) who underwent infant open-heart surgery show largely preserved anterior cerebral hemodynamics but possibly exhibit mild to moderate alterations in the posterior circulation. Preserved anterior hemodynamics may be related to the stable cardiac status in most adolescents with CHD. The current cerebral hemodynamics in adolescents with CHD may not explain cognitive impairments in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the scale: bioelectrical impedance for neonatal growth.","authors":"Kimberley J Botting-Lawford, Dino A Giussani","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04995-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04995-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital pacifiers and brief shared off-screen routines for stressful moments.","authors":"Sezin Andic, Fırat Başbuğ","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04965-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04965-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Impact: </strong>Caregivers often use screens in stressful moments because they calm children quickly and require little effort. Advice to reduce screen use may work better when paired with brief, practical alternatives for transitions and distress. Simple shared off-screen routines could be tested as realistic supports in pediatric settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin resistance: current methods of predicting and need for improved models.","authors":"Rachana Shah, Jeanie B Tryggestad","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04976-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04976-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and early overweight of very preterm-born children: a cohort study in France.","authors":"Julia Bastos Reinaldo, Mohamed Boucekine, Laurence Fayol, Sahra Meziane, Patricia Garcia, Farid Boubred","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04956-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04956-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of neighborhood socioeconomic context on overweight or obesity (OWO) at 2 years old among very preterm-born children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children born with GA < 33 weeks and who received follow-up care in a French regional medical network were included. Multivariable regression logistic analysis was used to evaluate the association between neighborhoods disadvantage (ecological socioeconomic disadvantage index) and OWO (BMI WHO growth charts).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 1856 children with a mean (SD) gestational age and birth weight of 29 (2.2) weeks and 1316 (416) g, respectively; 14% of children had OWO at 2 years of age. Compared to children non-OWO, children with OWO had higher birth weight z-score (median (IQR), 0.23 (-0.22; 0.78) vs -0,16 (-0.77; 0.34); p < 0.001) and were more likely to live in disadvantage areas (42.8% vs 35.3%, p = 0.004). After regression analysis, children from disadvantaged neighborhoods had higher odds of being OWO with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% CI) of 1.57 (1.10-2.23; p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Disadvantaged neighborhood is associated to the risk of being OWO at 2 years of age in very preterm-born children. Preventive interventions should be considered to reduce health disparities.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The socioeconomic context is known to influence the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the general pediatric population. Nevertheless, research into its impact on a population of children born premature remains limited. In this study, children born prematurely with a gestational age of less than 33 weeks and living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods were at high risk of being overweight or obesity at two years of age. In practice, growth parameters should be carefully monitored following discharge from neonatal units, especially in infants from low socio-economic context, in order to detect overweight and implement early preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel perspective on adolescent bone health: the role of C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index.","authors":"Kai Chen, Haobiao Liu, Qingsong Li, Xuefeng Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04945-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04945-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) reflects systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, but its association with bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between CTI and BMD, hypothesizing that higher CTI levels would be associated with reduced BMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were adopted to examine the association between CTI and BMD. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each unit increase in CTI was associated with a decrease in BMD by 0.040 g/cm², 0.029 g/cm², 0.037 g/cm², 0.046 g/cm², 0.032 g/cm² for total femur, femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, and lumbar spine, respectively (P < 0.05). Adolescents in the highest CTI quintile also had significantly lower BMD at all five sites compared to those in the lowest level (P < 0.05). The RCS analysis further indicated a non-linear relationship between CTI and BMD. Subgroup analyses indicated that there were no notable interactions regarding CTI and BMD. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that higher CTI levels may be linked to impaired bone health, emphasizing the need for further research to explore underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study is the first to examined the association between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and bone mineral density in U.S. adolescents. The results indicated that elevated levels of CTI were associated with lower BMD across five skeletal sites. These findings suggest that inflammation and insulin resistance may negatively impact bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global perspectives on probiotic use to reduce NEC.","authors":"Nilima V Jawale, Jeffrey S Shenberger, Peter J Porcelli, Parvesh M Garg","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-04993-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-04993-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First, do no trend: aligning parenteral lipid therapy with physiology and evidence in neonates.","authors":"Parvesh Mohan Garg, Srinivas Bolisetty, Camilia R Martin, Muralidhar H Premkumar","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-05019-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-026-05019-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caroline Kelsey: ECI Biocommentary.","authors":"Caroline Kelsey","doi":"10.1038/s41390-026-05023-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-05023-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}