Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"LdAMPKα2 knockdown accelerated the growth but depressed the chitin biosynthesis in Lymantria dispar larvae","authors":"Zizhuo Wang,&nbsp;Ze Wang,&nbsp;Chuanshan Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is a crucial cellular energy sensor across all eukaryotic species. Its multiple roles in maintaining energy homeostasis, regulating cellular metabolic processes have been widely investigated in mammals. In contrast, the function of AMPK in insects has been less reported. Here, we successfully identified three AMPK subunits from <em>Lymantria dispar</em> (<em>L. dispar</em>), a Lepidoptera pest in forestry. Based on that, in particular, the role of AMPK signaling in regulating larval development, as well as chitin biosynthesis was investigated by the application of RNAi-mediated <em>LdAMPKα2</em> knockdown. The results indicated that knockdown of <em>LdAMPKα2</em> significantly increased the body weight of L. <em>dispar</em> larvae, and dramatically upregulated the expression of <em>LdmTOR</em>, <em>LdS6K</em> and <em>LdSREBP1</em>, the key genes in mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway. While, it significantly reduced the expression of <em>Ld4EBP</em>, a critical repressor of mTOR pathway. Besides, the glucose level was increased and trehalose level was decreased in L. <em>dispar</em> after <em>LdAMPKα2</em> silencing. Furthermore, we found that the chitin content in the epidermis, as well as the expressions of four key genes in the chitin biosynthesis pathway<em>, LdGFAT</em>, <em>LdPAGM</em>, <em>LdUAP</em> and <em>LdCHSA</em>, were significantly decreased after <em>LdAMPKα2</em> knockdown. Taken together, these results revealed that AMPK signaling played a pivotal role in regulating the growth and development, as well as carbohydrate metabolism and chitin biosynthesis in L. <em>dispar</em> larvae. The findings expand our understanding of the comprehensive regulatory role of AMPK signaling in insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cationic AIE luminutesogen TBPD2+-6C as a potential bacterial detection agent and bactericide for plants bacterium","authors":"Renjiang Guo ,&nbsp;Ya Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiu Guo ,&nbsp;Hong Tu ,&nbsp;Qilong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of plant bacterial pathogens poses a significant threat to the yield and quality of essential food crops and cash crops globally. Our research introduced a versatile cationic AIE fluorescent probe for detecting and eliminating plant bacteria. With its unique aggregation-induced emission property, TBPD²⁺-6C can effectively detect plant bacteria by causing a fluorescence quenching effect and enables bacterial imaging under green fluorescence channels. Additionally, TBPD²⁺-6C demonstrates outstanding antibacterial effectiveness, with EC₅₀ values of 0.27, 3.86, 0.47, and 11.5 μg/mL against <em>Xanthomonas oryzae</em> pv. <em>oryzicola</em> (<em>Xoc</em>), <em>X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Pseudomonas syringae</em> pv. <em>actinidiae</em> (<em>Psa</em>), and <em>X. axonopodis pv. citri (Xac),</em> respectively. In vivo testing against <em>Xoc</em> revealed that TBPD²⁺-6C showed better activity than commercial thiodiazole copper (TC) and bismerthiazol (BT). Furthermore, the investigation into the antibacterial mechanism revealed that the cationic compound can effectively integrate into the bacterial membrane, disrupt the membrane structure, trigger ROS accumulation, and inhibit biofilm formation. In conclusion, the development of multifunctional, broad-spectrum antimicrobial system molecular designs for rapid real-time detection, imaging, and elimination of resistant microbes could play a vital role in combating pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two critical detoxification enzyme genes, NlCYP301B1 and NlGSTm2 confer pymetrozine resistance in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål","authors":"Dan Sun ,&nbsp;Jiahui Zeng ,&nbsp;Qiuchen Xu,&nbsp;Mingyun Wang,&nbsp;Xuping Shentu","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brown planthopper (BPH), <em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> Stål, is a notorious pest that infests rice across Asia. The rapid evolution of chemical pesticide resistance in BPH poses an ongoing threat to agriculture and human health. Currently, pymetrozine has emerged as a viable alternative to imidacloprid for managing <em>N. lugens</em>. The detoxification of insecticides in insects includes three major metabolic gene families: cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and carboxylesterases (CarEs). In this study, highly resistant strains of BPH to pymetrozine (BPH-R₄₀: 705-fold) were created from the susceptible BPH strain through continuous multi-selection. The activities of detoxifying enzymes, including P450s, GSTs, and CarEs were measured. Notably, P450s and GSTs exhibited significantly higher activity in the pymetrozine-resistance strain than that of the susceptible BPH strain. Hence, we characterized P450s and GSTs genes in <em>N. lugens</em> and revealed their phylogeny, structure, motif analysis, and chromosome location. Subsequently, the expression profiles of 53 P450s and 11 GSTs genes were quantified, and two crucial detoxifying enzyme genes, <em>NlCYP301B1</em> and <em>NlGSTm2</em>, were identified as being involved in pymetrozine resistance. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of <em>NlCYP301B1</em> and <em>NlGSTm2</em> gene expression significantly increased larval mortality of BPH in response to pymetrozine. To our knowledge, enhancing the activity of key detoxification enzymes to resist insecticides represents a widespread and vital defense mechanism in insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance risk and mechanism of Ustilaginoidea virens to pydiflumetofen","authors":"Xiaoru Yin,&nbsp;Xinlong Gao,&nbsp;Xin Shen,&nbsp;Fuhao Ren,&nbsp;Yige Li,&nbsp;Mingguo Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Yabing Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice false smut, caused by <em>Ustilaginoidea virens</em>, is a devastating fungal disease in rice that not only leads to yield reduction but also poses a serious threat to food safety and human health due to the production of numerous mycotoxins. Pydiflumetofen, one of the most promising SDHI fungicides widely used for controlling various plant diseases, lacks available information regarding its antifungal activity against <em>U. virens</em> and the potential risk of resistance development in this pathogen. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of 33 field-isolated strains of <em>U. virens</em> to pydiflumetofen using mycelial growth inhibition method and assessed the potential for resistance development. The EC₅₀ values for pydiflumetofen against the tested strains ranged from 0.0032 to 0.0123 μg/mL, with an average EC₅₀ value of 0.0056 ± 0.0025 μg/mL. In addition, four strains of <em>U. virens</em> were randomly selected for chemical taming to evaluate their resistance risk to pydiflumetofen, resulting in the successful generation of eight stable and inheritable resistant mutants at a frequency of 1 %. These mutants exhibited significant differences in biological fitness compared to their respective parental strains. Cross-resistance tests revealed a correlation between pydiflumetofen and fluxapyroxad as well as fluopyram, but no evidence of cross-resistance was observed between pydiflumetofen and boscalid or tebuconazole. Therefore, we can conclude that the risk of resistance development in <em>U. virens</em> to pydiflumetofen is moderate. Finally, the target genes SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD in <em>U. virens</em> were initially identified, cloned, and sequenced to elucidate the mechanism underlying <em>U. virens</em> resistance to pydiflumetofen. Three mutation genotypes were found in the mutants: SDHB-H239Y, SDHB-H239L, and SDHC-A77V. The mutants carrying SDHB-H239Y exhibited low resistance, while SDHC-A77V showed moderate resistance, but the mutants with SDHB-H239L demonstrated high resistance. These findings contribute significantly to our comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the resistance of <em>U. virens</em> to pydiflumetofen, and provide an important reference for chemical control strategies against rice false smut in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HcCYP6AE178 plays a crucial role in facilitating Hyphantria cunea's adaptation to a diverse range of host plants","authors":"Tao Li ,&nbsp;Lisha Yuan ,&nbsp;Dun Jiang ,&nbsp;Shanchun Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strong multi-host adaptability significantly contributes to the rapid dissemination of <em>Hyphantria cunea.</em> The present study explores the involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) in the multi-host adaptation of <em>H. cunea</em> and aims to develop RNA pesticides targeting essential P450 genes to disrupt this adaptability. The results showed that inhibiting P450 activity notably reduced larval weight and food-intake across seven plants groups. The P450 gene <em>HcCYP6AE178</em> was highly upregulated in <em>H. cunea</em> larvae from medium- and low-preference host plant groups. Silencing <em>HcCYP6AE178</em> significantly decreased <em>H. cunea</em> larval body weight, increased larval mortality, inhibited energy metabolism genes expression and interfered with growth regulatory genes expression. Overexpression of <em>HcCYP6AE178</em> enhanced the tolerance of <em>Drosophila</em> and Sf9 cells to the plant defensive substances cytisine and coumarin. The RNA pesticide CS-ds<em>HcCYP6AE178</em> constructed using chitosan (CS) exhibited remarkable stability. Treatment with CS-ds<em>HcCYP6AE178</em> effectively reduced <em>H. cunea</em> larval body weight, heightened larval mortality, and disrupted growth regulatory genes expression in low-preference host plant groups. Combined treatment of CS-ds<em>HcCYP6AE178</em> and coumarin significantly elevated <em>H. cunea</em> larval mortality compared to coumarin alone, accompanied by the inhibition of growth regulatory genes expression and an abnormal increase in energy metabolism genes expression. Taken together, <em>HcCYP6AE178</em> is essential for the adaptation of <em>H. cunea</em> to multiple host plants, and RNA pesticides targeting <em>HcCYP6AE178</em> can effectively impair the performance of <em>H. cunea</em> in different host plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional analysis of dopa decarboxylase in the larval pupation and immunity of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella","authors":"Qiu-Li Hou ,&nbsp;Han-Qiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jia-Ni Zhu ,&nbsp;Er-Hu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diamondback moth (<em>Plutella xylostella</em> L.), a notorious pest infesting cruciferous vegetables worldwide, has developed a high level of resistance to various commonly used chemical pesticides. In this paper, we explore whether dopa decarboxylase (DDC), which is essential for survival and development in insects, could be used as a potential target for the control of <em>P. xylostella</em>. Here, the full-length cDNA (<em>PxDDC</em>) of <em>P. xylostella</em> was identified, with a complete open reading frame of 1434 bp in length, encoding a protein of 477 amino acids. The temporal and spatial expression analysis showed a periodical expression pattern of <em>PxDDC</em> during molting, reaching a peak during the process of pupation, and it was found to be highly expressed in the epidermis of prepupal stage, indicating a crucial role of <em>PxDDC</em> in larval-pupal metamorphosis of <em>P. xylostella</em>. Subsequently, there was a significant decreasing in pupation and eclosion rates, and less production of melanin in <em>P. xylostella</em> after the disruption of <em>PxDDC</em> function by the injection of ds<em>PxDDC</em> (RNAi, RNA interference) or feeding a larval diet supplemented with L-α-methyl-DOPA (L-α-M-D) as DDC inhibitor. In addition, we found four antimicrobial peptide genes were significantly inhibited after feeding <em>P. xylostella</em> with L-α-M-D, and the injection of <em>Escherichia coli</em> could significantly increase insect mortality of enzyme inhibitor treated <em>P. xylostella</em>, suggesting <em>PxDDC</em> was involved in immune responses as well. In summary, these results confirm that <em>PxDDC</em> is required for larval-pupal metamorphosis and immunity of <em>P. xylostella</em>, suggesting a critical potential future novel insecticide target for RNAi based pest control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergistic potential of polyethylene glycol 400 for the control of Hyphantria cunea larvae by Beauveria bassiana","authors":"Heyang Sun ,&nbsp;Fusen Yue ,&nbsp;Mingtao Tan ,&nbsp;Yanzi Wang ,&nbsp;Shanchun Yan ,&nbsp;Dun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi as pest control agents is constrained by both their physiological state and external environmental factors. This study identified synergists capable of enhancing the insecticidal activity of <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> (Bb) and investigated the underlying synergistic mechanisms. Our results found that among 6 potential synergists, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) and trehalose significantly improved Bb's lethality against <em>Hyphantria cunea</em> larvae, with PEG demonstrating the most pronounced effect. PEG treatment markedly increased Bb spore adhesion and germination rates, while spore hydrophobicity and growth rates remained unaffected. Moreover, PEG-treated spores exhibited higher thermal tolerance compared to untreated ones. In the Bb + PEG treatment group, the hemocyte count, encapsulation and melanization activities, and the expression of related regulatory genes were significantly lower than those in the Bb treatment group. Additionally, pathogen recognition, signal transduction, and humoral immunity effector genes expression were markedly suppressed in the Bb + PEG group. A significant reduction in the content of total amino acids, free fatty acids, glucose, and trehalose, alongside decreased expression of key regulatory genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis pathways, was observed in the Bb + PEG treatment group. Furthermore, PEG enhanced Bb-induced apoptosis in <em>H. cunea</em> larvae, as evidenced by the upregulation of apoptosis-related genes. Notably, PEG alone did not significantly impact the innate immunity, energy metabolism, or apoptosis in <em>H. cunea</em> larvae. Overall, PEG exhibits considerable potential in amplifying Bb's insecticidal activity by directly optimizing spore performance and indirectly modulating the larvae's innate immunity, energy metabolism, and apoptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the mechanisms of multiple resistance across glyphosate and glufosinate in Eleusine indica","authors":"Jingchao Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Shan ,&nbsp;Zhiling Li ,&nbsp;Qian Chen ,&nbsp;Haiyan Yu ,&nbsp;Hailan Cui ,&nbsp;Xiangju Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate are commonly used in citrus and sugarcane orchards in Guangxi Province, China, wherein the C₄ plant <em>Eleusine indica</em> (L.) Gaertn. is known to be a dominant weed species. However, high selection pressure has resulted in failure of control. In the present study, experiments were conducted to clarify resistance levels for the suspected populations and elucidate the mechanisms for multiple resistance. The resistance index to glyphosate was calculated for eight populations and ranged from 5.4 to 21.3, with a low-level shikimate content of 0.24–0.50 μg g⁻¹. In addition, three populations showed low-level resistance to glufosinate, with a resistance index ranging from 2.6 to 3.9. The amplification of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (<em>EPSPS</em>) gene with a double-mutation T102I + P106S (TIPS) or a single-mutation (P106S and P106A) was observed in most populations. The target genes of glufosinate (<em>GS1–1, GS1–2,</em> and <em>GS1–3</em>) showed high-level expression, namely 145.5-fold that of susceptible plants. The content of EPSPS and glutamine synthetase (GS) protein in resistant plants can reach to 3.6 and 2.1 times higher than those in susceptible plants, respectively. The overexpression of the <em>EPSPS</em> gene with double (T102I + P106S) or single (P106S and P106A) mutations, plus the overexpression of <em>GS1–1</em>, <em>GS1–2</em>, and <em>GS1–3</em>, responded to multiple resistance mechanisms. Altogether, these results demonstrate that overexpression of <em>GS1</em> is a novel form of resistant mechanism to glufosinate in weeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deltamethrin exposure caused renal inflammation and renal fibrosis via upregulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated TXNDC5 level in mice","authors":"Zhou Jiang ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Huabin Cao,&nbsp;Chenghong Xing,&nbsp;Huating Wang,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Guoliang Hu,&nbsp;Xiaona Gao,&nbsp;Guyue Li,&nbsp;Xiaoquan Guo,&nbsp;Xueyan Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deltamethrin (DLM) is a type II pyrethroid insecticide that is extensively applied to agriculture, veterinary medicine and livestock pest control. Excessive accumulation of DLM in the body can lead to nephrotoxicity, but the precise toxic mechanism remains obscure. Therefore, we established in vivo models of DLM-exposed mice for 30 days and in vitro models of DLM-exposed renal tubular epithelial cells of mice. The results revealed adverse effects on renal function in mice exposed to excessive DLM, manifested as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) swelling, local inflammatory infiltration in renal tissue and increased collagen fibers, suggesting renal inflammation and fibrosis, etc. Subsequently, in vivo experiments, we found that DLM exposure increased expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related factors, significantly upregulated the expression of TXNDC5, and enhanced the colocalization of GRP78 with TXNDC5. Notably, DLM exposure also strengthened the co-localization of TXNDC5 with NF-κB p65 and TGF-β1, upregulated the expression levels of TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB and TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathways, alongside inflammation and fibrosis-related factors, these changes exhibited a dose-dependent effect. Meanwhile, in vitro experiments, the results of ERS, inflammation, and fibrosis-related factor expression levels were consistent with those observed in vivo. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that TXNDC5 might played a certain role in DLM-induced nephrotoxicity. Specifically, DLM exposure could trigger ERS, increase TXNDC5 expression, and promote TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathways, leading to renal inflammation and fibrosis in mice. These discoveries not only deepen our understanding of DLM toxicity but also provide valuable avenues for exploring mitigation strategies and therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AKH/AKHR signalling system induced antioxidant response mediated by entomopathogenic fungi in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)","authors":"Ruoheng Jin ,&nbsp;Beibei Wang ,&nbsp;Guijian Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunxia Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brown planthopper <em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> is one of the most economically important rice crop pests in Asia. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have been developed as a biological control of <em>N. lugens</em>. Insect adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are pleiotropic hormones that play a protective role in response to oxidative stress. However, the role of AKH in the anti-oxidative response of <em>N. lugens</em> to EPFs (<em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> and <em>Beauveria bassiana</em>) infection remains largely unexplored. In this study, the results of relative enzyme activities and expression levels of antioxidant enzymes demonstrated the response of the antioxidant system of <em>N. lugens</em> to EPF infection. Additionally, the expression of AKH/adipokinetic hormone receptor (AKHR) also induced responding to the infection of EPF in <em>N. lugens</em>. Silencing <em>NlAKH</em> or <em>NlAKHR</em> significantly increased mortality in nymphs treated with fungi compared with controls, whereas the injection of AKH peptide decreased mortality. Further research indicated that the AKH/AKHR system positively influenced antioxidant enzymes, potentially involving the transcription factors forkhead-box O and Cap’ n’ collar C. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for developing new pest control agents targeting the neuropeptide AKH and offer new insights for mitigating brown planthopper resistance and promoting green control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}