Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effects of abamectin sublethal doses on the invasive pest Tuta absoluta: Integration of population parameters and transcriptome analysis” [Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 218 (2026) 106924]","authors":"Shouyin Hu , Feichen Ming , Nan Gu , Zhaojiang Guo , Youjun Zhang , Youssef Dewer , Shaoli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel endophytic Penicillium sp. JL76001 and its metabolite sclerotiorin: A multi-target and sustainable strategy for biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt","authors":"Xuecheng Sun ,&nbsp;Yutong Feng ,&nbsp;Pan Xiang ,&nbsp;Fudong Wang ,&nbsp;Weizhuo Tang ,&nbsp;Sai Jiang ,&nbsp;Meng Su ,&nbsp;Zixian Zeng ,&nbsp;Shunxiang Li ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tomato Fusarium wilt, caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>lycopersici</em> (<em>FOL</em>), is a devastating disease that leads to yield losses of up to 67% in severely affected regions. Current control strategies, such as chemical treatments and resistant cultivars, face challenges including environmental toxicity and pathogen resistance. In this study, we isolated an endophytic fungus, <em>Penicillium</em> sp. JL76001 (JL76001), from the medicinal plant <em>Asarum forbesii</em>, which exhibited strong antagonism against <em>FOL.</em> Plate confrontation assays revealed a 40.48% inhibition of <em>FOL</em> growth, attributed to the secondary metabolite sclerotiorin (SCL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SCL against <em>FOL</em> was determined to be 12.5 μg/mL. Microscopic observations revealed severe hyphal distortion and ultrastructural damage in the fungal cells. Proteomic analysis identified 354 differentially expressed proteins in <em>FOL</em> under SCL treatment, which disrupted cysteine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and cell membrane integrity. In simulated field trials, the crude metabolite extract (CME) of JL76001 achieved a control efficacy of 55.17% against tomato Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, JL76001 demonstrated the capability to produce SCL using agricultural waste residues, suggesting a sustainable strategy for waste valorization. Our study presents JL76001 and SCL as promising biocontrol agents for the sustainable management of tomato Fusarium wilt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-transcriptional regulation of ABCB1 by miR-34-5p is associated with emamectin benzoate susceptibility in Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"Congsai Wang ,&nbsp;Jingdong Li ,&nbsp;Zikun Wang ,&nbsp;Liying Wu ,&nbsp;Huiling Huang ,&nbsp;Yunkun Zi ,&nbsp;Binrui Bai ,&nbsp;Keyi Chen ,&nbsp;Hongsong Chen ,&nbsp;Huihua Tan ,&nbsp;Yutao Xiao ,&nbsp;Kaikai Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emamectin benzoate serves as a critical insecticide for controlling <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>. However, the emergence of resistance to emamectin benzoate poses a significant challenge to effective pest management, and the underlying genetic mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. This study demonstrates that resistance levels in field populations of <em>S. frugiperda</em> have progressively increased, with <em>ABCB1</em> expression was positively associated with resistant phenotypes. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are well-established as crucial regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, their specific involvement in modulating <em>ABCB1</em> expression remains incompletely characterized. A total of 198 miRNAs were identified in <em>S. frugiperda</em>, among which 28 were differentially expressed between emamectin benzoate-resistant and -susceptible strains. Notably, miR-34-5p exhibited an inverse expression pattern relative to <em>ABCB1</em> across both laboratory-selected resistant strain and field-derived resistant populations. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-34-5p directly targets the coding sequence of <em>ABCB1</em>, resulting in suppression of its expression. Functional studies demonstrated that either overexpression or knockdown of miR-34-5p significantly alters the susceptibility of <em>S. frugiperda</em> to emamectin benzoate. Furthermore, bioinformatic analyses revealed that the miR-34-5p binding site within <em>ABCB1</em> is highly conserved between <em>S. frugiperda</em> and <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em>. In vivo experiments showed that administration of miR-34-5p antagonists results in upregulation of <em>ABCB1</em> and decreased susceptibility to emamectin benzoate in <em>H. armigera</em>. These findings provide evidence that miR-34-5p participates in the post-transcriptional regulation of <em>ABCB1</em> associated with emamectin benzoate susceptibility in <em>S. frugiperda</em> and expand current understanding of miRNA-mediated detoxification regulation in lepidopteran insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of resistant Aegilops tauschii populations across China and its target-site resistance mechanism","authors":"Shenglong He ,&nbsp;Haiyan Yu ,&nbsp;Xiangju Li,&nbsp;Jingchao Chen,&nbsp;Zhihan Liu,&nbsp;Ding Miao,&nbsp;Meiru Ren,&nbsp;Hailan Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aegilops tauschii</em> is a notorious weed that poses a severe threat to wheat production. Recently, its resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl has been increasingly documented in some provinces of China. With <em>Ae. tauschii</em> rapidly expanding its distribution range throughout China, however, its nationwide resistance distribution and the underlying resistance molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, 305 populations of <em>Ae. tauschii</em> were collected from eight major wheat-growing provinces of China to characterize their nationwide resistance profiles and target-site resistance mechanisms. Of the populations examined, 83 populations from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, and Jiangsu provinces exhibited varying levels of resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl. Resistant populations were particularly widespread in Shanxi and Shaanxi compared with other regions. Forty-seven resistant populations were then selected for target-site mutation analysis. A Pro-197-Leu substitution in the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene was identified in 14 resistant populations, whereas no known resistance-conferring amino acid alteration was detected in the remaining 33 populations. Resistant populations carrying the Pro-197-Leu mutation displayed a higher resistance level than resistant populations without <em>ALS</em> gene mutations. Furthermore, <em>in vitro</em> ALS activity assays showed that populations with the Pro-197-Leu substitution were highly resistant to mesosulfuron-methyl, with resistance index (RI) ranging from 32.95 to 33.12. In contrast, the RI values of resistant populations lacking target-site mutations were below 2.90. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of a target-site mutation (Pro-197-Leu) conferring resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl in <em>Ae. tauschii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary manganese potentiates BmNPV resistance in silkworms via BmcGLR-mediated activation of BmRelish through BmSTING","authors":"Haonan Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Jiang ,&nbsp;Minhui Yu ,&nbsp;Jiaping Xu,&nbsp;Shoujun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The silkworm (<em>Bombyx mori</em>) is a vital economic species threatened by <em>Bombyx mori</em> nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), causing severe losses in sericulture. Here, we demonstrate that dietary Mn²⁺ supplementation enhances silkworm resistance to BmNPV. Transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR validation revealed Mn²⁺-dependent upregulation of Relish-mediated antimicrobial peptides. We identified a cGAS-like receptor (BmcGLR) in <em>B. mori</em>, highly expressed in hemocytes and structurally poised for Mn²⁺ binding. Mn²⁺ directly stimulated BmcGLR to amplify -2′,3′-cGAMP production, which activated BmSTING-dependent antiviral signaling. Knockdown of BmcGLR or BmSTING attenuated Mn²⁺-induced suppression of viral proliferation and downregulated Relish target genes. Further experiments showed that BmRelish inhibition abolished Mn²⁺-driven upregulation of BmcGLR, BmSTING, and effector genes, while bioinformatic analysis predicted a Relish-binding site in BmcGLR's first intron, suggesting a positive feedback loop. Our findings establish Mn²⁺ as an immunostimulant that bolsters antiviral defense via the BmcGLR-cGAMP-BmSTING-BmRelish axis, offering a sustainable strategy for BmNPV control in sericulture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148168037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid bactericidal and nematicidal activity of a ternary quaternary ammonium formulation via membrane disruption in bacteria and cuticle damage in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","authors":"Mengyao Li ,&nbsp;Yuewen Dou ,&nbsp;Yongchao Zheng ,&nbsp;Lingce Kong ,&nbsp;Yan Cui ,&nbsp;Likun Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Kai Guo ,&nbsp;Chonglin Zhao ,&nbsp;Shaojie Han","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.107182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine wilt disease, caused by <em>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</em> and associated bacterial communities, represents a serious biosecurity threat to global forestry. Phytosanitary management of infested wood requires agents that combine rapid, broad-spectrum bactericidal activity with direct nematicidal efficacy. We characterized the antimicrobial and nematicidal properties of AQAS, a multi-component disinfectant comprising a ternary blend of short-, long-, and double-chain quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) together with ethanol and a dual-chelation buffering system. Against representative bacterial test organisms, AQAS achieved &gt;5.0 log reduction against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> within 1.0 min at a 1:19 working dilution. Time-kill kinetics showed complete inactivation of <em>S. aureus</em> within 30 s and complete elimination of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> within 3 min at 5% AQAS. Fluorescence probe assays (DiSC₃(5), NPN, PI) demonstrated membrane depolarisation within 15 s and progressive loss of cell-envelope barrier function, and scanning electron microscopy revealed severe structural disintegration in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. Against <em>B. xylophilus</em>, AQAS produced dose-dependent lethality with an LC₅₀ of 33.32 ppm, accompanied by rigid paralysis and marked cuticular collapse. Component-level bioassays confirmed that each individual QAC constituent, all pairwise binary combinations, and the ternary combination each exhibited independent nematicidal activity (LC₅₀ range 32.23–61.70 ppm), with the pattern not consistent with formal potency synergy. In a laboratory wood-segment immersion assay, 5% AQAS reduced recoverable live nematode numbers by 97.9% and produced 86.2% mortality among recovered individuals. These findings support AQAS as a candidate formulation for rapid phytosanitary disinfection, while field-scale validation under realistic wood-treatment conditions remains necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 107182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol from Bacillus siamensis controls kiwifruit leaf spot by disrupting membrane integrity and interfering with energy metabolism of Fusarium graminearum","authors":"Bingce Wang ,&nbsp;Lifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Ya Huang ,&nbsp;Wenzhi Li ,&nbsp;Xianhui Yin ,&nbsp;Weizhen Wang ,&nbsp;Youhua Long","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium graminearum</em>, a notorious multi-host pathogen threatening global agriculture, has recently expanded its host range to become a dominant and aggressive causal agent of kiwifruit leaf spot, causing severe yield losses and threatening industrial sustainability. To address this challenge, a biocontrol bacterium exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, <em>Bacillus siamensis</em> strain BsiaSC07, was isolated from the kiwifruit phyllosphere. Notably, the potent broad-spectrum antifungal compound 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol (3,5-DTBP) was identified from the fermentation metabolites of this strain using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of 3,5-DTBP production by <em>Bacillus</em> spp. 3,5-DTBP demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against six kiwifruit leaf spot pathogens, with particularly high efficacy against <em>F. graminearum</em>. It effectively suppressed mycelial growth, sporulation, and spore germination, and significantly alleviated disease severity in detached leaf assays. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and validation experiments elucidated the hierarchical mechanism of action: 3,5-DTBP exerts its antifungal effect primarily by destroying cell membrane integrity. This primary structural damage may act as an initiating trigger that precipitates a secondary irreversible collapse in energy metabolism, ultimately driving systemic cell failure. These findings demonstrate the biocontrol potential of <em>B. siamensis</em> BsiaSC07 and suggest that 3,5-DTBP is a promising candidate fungicide for the management of kiwifruit leaf spot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 106979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity and mechanism of thymol against Colletotrichum fructicola that causes litchi anthracnose","authors":"Shuzhe Chen ,&nbsp;Taixu Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Lv ,&nbsp;Xiaozhen Liu ,&nbsp;Tianzhao Hao ,&nbsp;Jie Meng ,&nbsp;Sirui Cheng ,&nbsp;Qinghe Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Litchi anthracnose, induced by <em>Colletotrichum fructicola</em>, represents a significant threat to litchi cultivation, being among the most destructive diseases impacting its yield. Accordingly, identifying eco-friendly and effective antifungal compounds has become an urgent priority. In this study, we screened ten plant-derived essential oil components and identified thymol as the most potent inhibitor of <em>C. fructicola</em>. In vitro experiments revealed that thymol notably restricted both mycelial growth and spore germination of the pathogen. Microscopic analysis revealed severe morphological and ultrastructural damage to hyphae, including disrupted cell membrane integrity and leakage of intracellular contents. Transcriptomic profiling further indicated that thymol triggered widespread transcriptional reprogramming, including genes related to redox processes, oxidoreductase activity, and metabolic pathways, suggesting that oxidative stress and metabolic disturbance contribute to its antifungal effect. Moreover, thymol elevated the activities of defense-related enzymes in litchi fruits, indicating activation of host resistance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that thymol exerts strong antifungal activity through membrane disruption, redox imbalance, and host defense activation, highlighting its potential as a natural and eco-friendly alternative for the management of litchi anthracnose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 106982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tarsus-enriched chemosensory proteins in Achelura yunnanensis (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae) and their interactions with pesticides","authors":"Fu-Peng Li,&nbsp;Zi-Hui Liu,&nbsp;Xiao-Rong Xiong,&nbsp;Jin-Lan Zhang,&nbsp;Hai-Yan Xiao,&nbsp;Nai-Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread pesticide use has caused many ecological issues including pesticide residues and the loss of biodiversity. Insect tarsus is the foremost chemosensory organ directly in contact with the proximal environment such as the surface of plant leaves, raising the possibility that tarsus-enriched chemosensory proteins (CSPs) mediate insecticide resistance. Here, we combined transcriptomic and genomic data to identify 52 AyunCSPs from <em>Achelura yunnanensis</em>, representing the largest set reported in Lepidoptera so far. This expanded CSP gene family was attributed mainly to gene duplications but not related to host breadth, as suggested by gene structure and phylogenetics of AyunCSPs as well as moth's oligophagy. Expression profiles revealed that the majority of AyunCSPs were detected in tarsi of both sexes, with 14 genes being tissue-enriched. Functional assays with ligand-binding experiments against a panel of 35 pesticides presented that most of 14 tarsus-enriched AyunCSPs could strongly bind broad-spectrum insecticides including chlorpyrifos, phoxim, chlorfluazuron, hexaflumuron, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr and rotenone (dissociation constant, K_i &lt; 13 μM) and one herbicide butachlor widely used (K_i &lt; 15 μM), but exhibited different pesticide-binding profiles tuned to 1–21 ligands. We also identified key residues of AyunCSP12 in recognizing insecticides through docking simulations and point-mutation experiments, including Phe27 and Tyr88 for chlorfluazuron, Phe27 for indoxacarb, and Phe27, Ile70 and Tyr88 for chlorfenapyr (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). This is the first comprehensive report to build an extensive pesticide response profile of tarsus-enriched AyunCSPs in <em>A. yunnanensis</em>. The findings highlight the importance of tarsus-enriched CSPs in insecticide resistance and provide insights into the strong adaptation of this moth and other insects to host plants and the pesticide-semiochemical mixed environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 106983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erlvejunzuo, a gallic acid-derived thiadiazole, inhibits glucose biosynthesis and confers broad-spectrum antifungal activity","authors":"Manman Zhang,&nbsp;Chengke Zhang,&nbsp;Yihan Jiang,&nbsp;Li Wu,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Fengquan Liu,&nbsp;Cheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2026.106977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant fungal pathogens threaten crop production and food security. Long-term and indiscriminate use of fungicides may lead to the emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens and environmental pollution. In this study, we found a novel gallic acid-derived thiadiazole, called Erlvejunzuo, exerting broad-spectrum activity against five destructive fungi (<em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em>, <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, <em>Didymella segeticola</em>, <em>Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae</em>, <em>Colletotrichum camelliae</em>) in vitro and <em>in planta</em>. In vitro assays revealed that Erlvejunzuo effectively inhibited the five phytopathogens, with half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 10.50–14.83 mg/L. Transcriptomic and functional analysis showed that Erlvejunzuo exerted its antifungal effects by disrupting glucose metabolism and ATP biosynthesis pathways, accompanied by plasma membrane damage. Erlvejunzuo protected against sclerotinia stem rot (oilseed rape), gray mold (tomato), and tea diseases (leaf spot/gray blight/anthracnose), without inducing phytotoxicity. Conclusively, this study provides the first evidence that Erlvejunzuo exerts antifungal effects by inhibiting glucose biosynthesis, positioning it as an eco-friendly candidate for crop protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 106977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}