Pathogens and disease最新文献_第9页

Adjuvants to increase immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and support maternal-fetal transference of antibodies in mice. 佐剂增加SARS-CoV-2 RBD的免疫原性并支持小鼠抗体的母胎转移

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac038

Gabrielle Gimenes Lima, Amanda Izeli Portilho, Elizabeth De Gaspari

{"title":"Adjuvants to increase immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and support maternal-fetal transference of antibodies in mice.","authors":"Gabrielle Gimenes Lima, Amanda Izeli Portilho, Elizabeth De Gaspari","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac038","url":null,"abstract":"Adjuvants are important components of vaccines, increasing immunogenicity and modulating the immune response. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are still being developed in order to improve worldwide access to immunization. Specific populations should be addressed in these investigations, such as pregnant women-to protect both mothers and neonates. In this study, female adult mice were immunized with Receptor-binding domain (RBD) from SARS-CoV-2 adjuvanted by a mixture of DDA and Saponin and put to mating to verify the maternal transference of IgG. For comparison, other group received RBD adjuvanted by OMVs from Neisseria meningitidis and Alum. The adjuvants enhanced IgG production and neutralization. DDA/Sap contributed to increase IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 isotypes. Total IgG avidity was considered high, as well as IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b avidity. IgG antibodies were effectively transferred to the offspring, predominantly IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3. The passive transferred immunoglobulin maintained the neutralizing ability, although it lost avidity. ELISA data was confirmed in Dot-ELISA and immunoblotting assays. DDA and Saponin seem a promising adjuvant mixture to enhance the humoral response of SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Further studies considering the effects of maternal immunization in the protection of offspring are needed, regardless the platform used in COVID-19 vaccines.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620730/pdf/ftac038.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9254779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction and characterization of the full-length cDNA of an infectious clone of emerging porcine teschovirus-2. 新发猪teschovirus-2传染性克隆cDNA的构建与鉴定。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac033

Yuying Li, Shengnan Chen, Yaokai Shi, Haixin Huang, Wei Wang, Min Zheng, Chenchen Zhao, Xinyu Zhang, Xiaoxiao Lei, Wenchao Sun, Hao Liu, Tian Lan

引用次数: 0

Study on antibacterial effect of halicin (SU3327) against Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. 盐酸素(SU3327)对粪肠球菌和粪肠球菌的抑菌作用研究。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac037

Zubair Hussain, She Pengfei, Li Yimin, Liu Shasha, Li Zehao, Yang Yifan, Li Linhui, Zhou Linying, Wu Yong

{"title":"Study on antibacterial effect of halicin (SU3327) against Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium.","authors":"Zubair Hussain, She Pengfei, Li Yimin, Liu Shasha, Li Zehao, Yang Yifan, Li Linhui, Zhou Linying, Wu Yong","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac037","url":null,"abstract":"Enterococci are important pathogens of nosocomial infections and are increasingly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic and acquired resistance to a range of antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antibacterial agents, while drug repurposing is a promising approach to address this issue. Our study aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of halicin against enterococci and found that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of halicin against different strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium ranged from 4 to 8 μg/ml. In addition, the synergistic antibacterial effect between halicin and doxycycline (DOX) against Enterococcus was observed through the checkerboard method, and it was observed that halicin and DOX could significantly synergistically inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate preformed biofilms at sub-MICs. Moreover, the electron microscope results revealed that halicin could also disrupt the bacterial cell membrane at high concentrations. Furthermore, it is also confirmed that the combination of halicin and DOX has no significant cytotoxic effect on erythrocytes and other human-derived cells. In addition, the mouse subcutaneous model and H&E staining showed that the combination of halicin and DOX could effectively reduce the bacterial load and inflammatory infiltration without obvious side effects. In nutshell, these results demonstrate the potential of halicin in combination with DOX as a novel therapy against infections by Enterococcus.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33492560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Involvement of the Noncanonical Polyadenylation Polymerase Cid14 in Fungal Azole Resistance in the Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 非典型聚腺苷酸聚合酶Cid14在新型隐球菌真菌抗唑中的作用。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac036

Chenxi Li, Sihui Zhen, Xiaoyu Ma, Lan Ma, Zhen Wang, Ping Zhang, Xudong Zhu

{"title":"Involvement of the Noncanonical Polyadenylation Polymerase Cid14 in Fungal Azole Resistance in the Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.","authors":"Chenxi Li, Sihui Zhen, Xiaoyu Ma, Lan Ma, Zhen Wang, Ping Zhang, Xudong Zhu","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac036","url":null,"abstract":"The yeast noncanonical polyadenylation polymerase Cid14 was originally identified from fission yeast and plays a critical role in the TRAMP complex. This protein is a cytoplasmic cofactor and regulator of RNA-degrading exosomes. Cid14 is highly conserved from yeast to animals and has been demonstrated to play key roles in the regulation of RNA surveillance, nutrition metabolism, and growth in model organisms, but not yet in Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans). Here, we report the identification of a gene encoding an equivalent Cid14 protein, named CID14, in the fungal pathogen C. neoformans. To obtain insights into the function of Cid14, we created a mutant strain, cid14Δ, with the CRISPR-Cas9 editing tool. Disruption of CID14 impaired cell membrane stability. Further investigations revealed the defects of the cid14Δ mutant in resistance to low carbohydrate levels. Meanwhile, significantly, the ability to grow under flucytosine stress was decreased in the cid14Δ mutant. More importantly, our results showed that the cid14Δ mutant does not affect yeast virulence but exhibits multidrug resistance to azole. Our work is the first to suggest that Cid14 plays critical roles in azole resistance by affecting Afr1, which is chiefly responsible for azole excretion in the ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporter.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40374799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential vaccine-induced kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and convalescent health care workers. 差异疫苗诱导的SARS-CoV-2初诊和恢复期医护人员体液和细胞免疫反应动力学

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac035

Wouter Smit, Steven Thijsen, Robert van der Kieft, Sophie van Tol, Johan Reimerink, Chantal Reusken, Lidewij Rümke, Ailko Bossink, Gijs Limonard, Michiel Heron

{"title":"Differential vaccine-induced kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and convalescent health care workers.","authors":"Wouter Smit, Steven Thijsen, Robert van der Kieft, Sophie van Tol, Johan Reimerink, Chantal Reusken, Lidewij Rümke, Ailko Bossink, Gijs Limonard, Michiel Heron","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac035","url":null,"abstract":"Effective vaccination is a key element in the exit strategy from the current severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and may also offer protection against severe disease from future variants of concern. Here, we prospectively monitored T-cell responses over time, using ELISpot interferon-γ (INF-y) release assays, and B-cell responses, using serological tests, after vaccination and booster with BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA (Pfizer) and Janssen vector (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) vaccines in hospital health care workers. Vaccine recipients were divided into seropositive and seronegative individuals at baseline, in order to determine the effect of natural immunity on vaccine-induced immune kinetics. We found that convalescent individuals mounted higher spike-specific INF-y-secreting T-cell responses and B-cell-mediated IgG responses, after receiving the Janssen vaccine or the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine. IgG levels corresponded to the virus neutralization capacity as measured by VNT assay. At 8 months postvaccination, spike-specific cellular immunity waned to low levels in individuals with or without prior natural immunity, whereas waning of humoral immunity occurred predominantly in naive individuals. The booster shot effectively reinduced both cellular and humoral immune responses. To conclude, our data supports the implemented single-dose mRNA booster strategy employed in the Netherlands. Furthermore, the level of pre-existing natural immunity may be factored into determining the optimal time window between future booster vaccines.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9494413/pdf/ftac035.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Mycobacterial response to an acidic environment: protective mechanisms. 分枝杆菌对酸性环境的反应:保护机制。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac032

Rupal Rai, Vinayak Singh, Bijina J Mathew, Anirudh K Singh, Shivendra K Chaurasiya

{"title":"Mycobacterial response to an acidic environment: protective mechanisms.","authors":"Rupal Rai, Vinayak Singh, Bijina J Mathew, Anirudh K Singh, Shivendra K Chaurasiya","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac032","url":null,"abstract":"Given the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the world faces the urgency of finding new drugs to combat tuberculosis. Understanding the biochemical/physiological processes enabling Mtb to survive the stressful environment within macrophages and acquire tolerance, resistance and persistence against the stresses are the key to developing new approaches to tackle this health problem. As Mtb gains entry into the respiratory tract and is engulfed by macrophages, lowering pH acts as a primary defence of phagosomes within macrophages and also in the centres of caseating granulomas. It becomes essential for the pathogen to maintain pH homeostasis for survival in these conditions. Acid resistance mechanisms are well known and extensively studied in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus spp., Brucella spp., Helicobacter pylori and Listeria monocytogenes. However, in the case of Mtb, acid tolerance and resistance mechanisms still need to be explored in detail. This review aims to describe the current understanding of underlying mechanisms involved in countering low pH faced by Mtb as the acid resistance/tolerance mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40711092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Treponema pallidum outer membrane proteins: current status and prospects. 梅毒螺旋体外膜蛋白:现状与展望。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac023

Jinlin Chen, Jielite Huang, Zhuoran Liu, Yafeng Xie

引用次数: 1

Burden of bacterial bloodstream infections and recent advances for diagnosis. 细菌性血流感染的负担及诊断的最新进展。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac027

Susana P Costa, Carla M Carvalho

{"title":"Burden of bacterial bloodstream infections and recent advances for diagnosis.","authors":"Susana P Costa, Carla M Carvalho","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac027","url":null,"abstract":"Bloodstream infections (BSIs) and subsequent organ dysfunction (sepsis and septic shock) are conditions that rank among the top reasons for human mortality and have a great impact on healthcare systems. Their treatment mainly relies on the administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials since the standard blood culture-based diagnostic methods remain time-consuming for the pathogen's identification. Consequently, the routine use of these antibiotics may lead to downstream antimicrobial resistance and failure in treatment outcomes. Recently, significant advances have been made in improving several methodologies for the identification of pathogens directly in whole blood especially regarding specificity and time to detection. Nevertheless, for the widespread implementation of these novel methods in healthcare facilities, further improvements are still needed concerning the sensitivity and cost-effectiveness to allow a faster and more appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This review is focused on the problem of BSIs and sepsis addressing several aspects like their origin, challenges, and causative agents. Also, it highlights current and emerging diagnostics technologies, discussing their strengths and weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40573204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Three-dimensional models of the cervicovaginal epithelia to study host-microbiome interactions and sexually transmitted infections. 三维模型的宫颈阴道上皮研究宿主-微生物相互作用和性传播感染。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac026

Vonetta L Edwards, Elias McComb, Jason P Gleghorn, Larry Forney, Patrik M Bavoil, Jacques Ravel

{"title":"Three-dimensional models of the cervicovaginal epithelia to study host-microbiome interactions and sexually transmitted infections.","authors":"Vonetta L Edwards, Elias McComb, Jason P Gleghorn, Larry Forney, Patrik M Bavoil, Jacques Ravel","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac026","url":null,"abstract":"2D cell culture systems have historically provided controlled, reproducible means to analyze host-pathogen interactions observed in the human reproductive tract. Although inexpensive, straightforward, and requiring a very short time commitment, these models recapitulate neither the functionality of multilayered cell types nor the associated microbiome that occurs in a human. Animal models have commonly been used to recreate the complexity of human infections. However, extensive modifications of animal models are required to recreate interactions that resemble those in the human reproductive tract. 3D cell culture models have emerged as alternative means of reproducing vital elements of human infections at a fraction of the cost of animal models and on a scale that allows for replicative experiments. Here, we describe a new 3D model that utilizes transwells with epithelial cells seeded apically and a basolateral extracellular matrix (ECM)-like layer. The model produced tissues with morphologic and physiological resemblance to human cervical and vaginal epithelia, including mucus levels produced by cervical cells. Infection by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was demonstrated, as well as the growth of bacterial species observed in the human vaginal microbiota. This enabled controlled mechanistic analyses of the interactions between host cells, the vaginal microbiota, and STI pathogens. Affordable and semi high-throughput 3D models of the cervicovaginal epithelia that are physiologically relevant by sustaining vaginal bacterial colonization, and facilitate studies of chlamydial and gonococcal infections.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9419571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10603496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicles as virulence factor vehicles that influence bacterial interaction with macrophages. 百日咳杆菌外膜囊泡作为毒力因子载体影响细菌与巨噬细胞的相互作用。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac031

Bruno Blancá, Jimena Alvarez Hayes, Kristin Surmann, Valdez Hugo, Christian Hentschker, Yanina Lamberti, Uwe Völker, María Eugenia Rodriguez

{"title":"Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicles as virulence factor vehicles that influence bacterial interaction with macrophages.","authors":"Bruno Blancá, Jimena Alvarez Hayes, Kristin Surmann, Valdez Hugo, Christian Hentschker, Yanina Lamberti, Uwe Völker, María Eugenia Rodriguez","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftac031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac031","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria constitutively shed outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which play a significant role in the host-pathogen interaction, eventually determining the outcome of the infection. We previously found that Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, survives the innate interaction with human macrophages remaining alive inside these immune cells. Adenylate cyclase (CyaA), one of the main toxins of this pathogen, was found involved in the modulation of the macrophage defense response, eventually promoting bacterial survival within the cells. We here investigated whether B. pertussis OMVs, loaded with most of the bacterial toxins and CyaA among them, modulate the macrophage response to the bacterial infection. We observed that the pre-incubation of macrophages with OMVs led to a decreased macrophage defense response to the encounter with the bacteria, in a CyaA dependent way. Our results suggest that CyaA delivered by B. pertussis OMVs dampens macrophages protective function by decreasing phagocytosis and the bactericidal capability of these host cells. By increasing the chances of bacterial survival to the innate encounter with the macrophages, B. pertussis OMVs might play a relevant role in the course of infection, promoting bacterial persistence within the host and eventually, shaping the whole infection process.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40670322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1