Pathogens and disease最新文献

Isolate-specific rat brain transcriptional responses to rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis).

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf003

Phoebe Rivory, Rogan Lee, Jan Šlapeta

{"title":"Isolate-specific rat brain transcriptional responses to rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis).","authors":"Phoebe Rivory, Rogan Lee, Jan Šlapeta","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaf003","url":null,"abstract":"The rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) is an invasive parasite of rats that in accidental hosts, such as dogs and humans, causes eosinophilic meningitis. In Australia, only two distinct rat lungworm cox1 haplotypes have been detected in clinically affected dogs, with haplotype Ac13 implicated in most cases. Using locally sourced isolates, we inquired whether the brain migrating larvae elicit different host response in its natural host. We examined brain transcriptome, faecal shedding rates and adult worm of A. cantonensis isolates representing two distinct cox1 haplotypes, SYD.1 and Ac13 (represented by isolate SYD.2), in experimentally infected Wistar rats. For SYD.1-infected rats, only one differentially expressed gene (DEG) was upregulated in the compared to controls. In contrast, the transcriptome of SYD.2-infected rats included 100 DEGs, with enrichment of functional terms related to immune response, neuroactivity, and signalling. Faecal shedding did not differ between SYD.1- and SYD.2-infected rats, but adult worm burdens were higher in the SYD.1 group. The increased immune response in SYD.2-infected rats provides evidence that there is strain specific virulence that is pronounced in its natural host. This study provides initial parasite-specific evidence why clinically affected dogs are more frequently presented with A. cantonensis haplotype Ac13.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Typing of feces-derived Candida albicans strains using a novel seven-locus microsatellite panel reveals associations with yeast phenotype in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. 使用新型7位点微卫星面板对粪便来源的白色念珠菌菌株进行分型，揭示了炎症性肠病患者与酵母表型的关联。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf001

Isabelle A M van Thiel, Irini A M Kreulen, Mèlanie V Bénard, Marcus C de Goffau, Bart Theelen, Sigrid E M Heinsbroek, Patrycja K Zylka, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Teun Boekhout, Wouter J de Jonge, Søren Rosendahl, René M van den Wijngaard, Ferry Hagen

{"title":"Typing of feces-derived Candida albicans strains using a novel seven-locus microsatellite panel reveals associations with yeast phenotype in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Isabelle A M van Thiel, Irini A M Kreulen, Mèlanie V Bénard, Marcus C de Goffau, Bart Theelen, Sigrid E M Heinsbroek, Patrycja K Zylka, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Teun Boekhout, Wouter J de Jonge, Søren Rosendahl, René M van den Wijngaard, Ferry Hagen","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf001","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory diseases of the human gastrointestinal tract are affected by the microbes that reside in the mucosal surfaces. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have altered bacterial and fungal intestinal compositions, including higher levels of fecal Candida yeasts. Ongoing research indicates that genetic and phenotypic diversity of Candida albicans may be linked with disease severity. Here, we set out to investigate feces-derived C. albicans strains from individuals with IBD and healthy volunteers through microsatellite-based genotyping and phenotypic assays. A seven-locus microsatellite panel was applied, of which six loci were newly developed. It appears that there is no specific lineage of C. albicans that is associated with IBD, but rather that the three study populations (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, healthy volunteers) do have distinguishable distributions of genotypes. In addition, phenotypic characterization by means of enzyme release assays revealed trends between genotypes, virulence-related enzyme activity, and clinical biomarkers. We thus show that microsatellite typing can describe genetic diversity of feces-derived C. albicans strains, and that phenotypic diversity of these strains may indeed correlate with fungal genotype or disease. This study opens further possibilities to investigate fecal fungi in relation to severity of inflammation in IBD or in other (intestinal) diseases.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dectin-1 stimulating β-glucans inhibit Chlamydia infections both in vitro and in vivo.

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf002

Jennifer Kintner, Morgan Callaghan, Lillith Bulawa, Angela Chu, Zuchao Ma, David L Williams, Robert V Schoborg, Michael D Kruppa, Jennifer V Hall

{"title":"Dectin-1 stimulating β-glucans inhibit Chlamydia infections both in vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Jennifer Kintner, Morgan Callaghan, Lillith Bulawa, Angela Chu, Zuchao Ma, David L Williams, Robert V Schoborg, Michael D Kruppa, Jennifer V Hall","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf002","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia trachomatis and Candida albicans are common inhabitants of the female genital tract. Candida albicans can impact the viability and pathogenesis of some bacteria. Previously, we investigated physical interactions between Ch. trachomatis elementary bodies (EBs) and Ca. albicans. This work indicated that EBs bind to Ca. albicans and become noninfectious by 24 h post-binding. Here, we continue our investigation of these interkingdom, polymicrobial interactions. Candida albicans adheres to bacteria or host surfaces via agglutinin-like sequence or heat shock 70 (Ssa) proteins. Chlamydia trachomatis EBs did not bind Ca. albicans Ssa2 deficient strains as efficiently as wild-type or complemented strains, indicating a role for this protein in chlamydial adherence to Candida. Additionally, Ca. albicans β-glucans inhibit chlamydial infection when exposure occurs during EB adsorption onto cervical cells. Laminarin, a β-glucan agonist of the C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1, inhibited chlamydial infection in both cervical epithelial cells and mice when exposure occurred prior to, during, or immediately following EB inoculation. Conversely, a Dectin-1 antagonist laminarin did not inhibit infection in vitro, suggesting that β-glucan inhibition of Ch. trachomatis requires C-type lectin receptor signaling. Overall, our data demonstrate that β-glucans from multiple species, including Ca. albicans, inhibit Chlamydia via stimulation of host-signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective Anti-Chlamydial Vaccine Regimen-Induced CD4+ T cell Response Mediates Early Inhibition of Pathogenic CD8+ T cell Response Following Genital Challenge 保护性抗衣原体疫苗方案诱导的 CD4+ T 细胞反应介导生殖器挑战后致病性 CD8+ T 细胞反应的早期抑制

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae008

Ashlesh K Murthy, Erika Wright-McAfee, Katerina Warda, Lindsay N Moy, Nhi Bui, Tarakarama Musunuri, S Manam, Clemence Z Chako, Kyle H Ramsey, Weidang Li

{"title":"Protective Anti-Chlamydial Vaccine Regimen-Induced CD4+ T cell Response Mediates Early Inhibition of Pathogenic CD8+ T cell Response Following Genital Challenge","authors":"Ashlesh K Murthy, Erika Wright-McAfee, Katerina Warda, Lindsay N Moy, Nhi Bui, Tarakarama Musunuri, S Manam, Clemence Z Chako, Kyle H Ramsey, Weidang Li","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftae008","url":null,"abstract":"We have demonstrated previously that TNF-α-producing CD8 + T cells mediate chlamydial pathogenesis, likely in an antigen (Ag)-specific fashion. Here we hypothesize that inhibition of Ag-specific CD8 + T cell response after immunization and/or challenge would correlate with protection against oviduct pathology induced by a protective vaccine regimen. Intranasal (i.n.) live chlamydial elementary body (EB), intramuscular (i.m.) live EB, or i.n. irrelevant antigen, bovine serum albumin (BSA), immunized animals induced near-total protection, 50% protection, or no protection, respectively against oviduct pathology following i.vag. C. muridarum challenge. In these models, we evaluated Ag-specific CD8 + T cell cytokine response at various time-periods after immunization or challenge. The results show protective efficacy of vaccine regimens correlated with reduction of Ag-specific CD8 + T cell TNF-α responses following i.vag. chlamydial challenge, not after immunization. Depletion of CD4 + T cells abrogated, whereas adoptive transfer of Ag-specific CD4 + T cells induced the significant reduction of Ag-specific CD8+ T cell TNF- α response after chlamydial challenge. In conclusion, protective anti-chlamydial vaccine regimens induce Ag-specific CD4 + T cell response that mediate early inhibition of pathogenic CD8 + T cell response following challenge and may serve as a predictive biomarker of protection against Chlamydia -induced chronic pathologies.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140841265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Fever to Action: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illnesses 从发热到行动：急性未分化发热性疾病的诊断、治疗和预防

IF 3.3 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae006

Muttiah Barathan

{"title":"From Fever to Action: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illnesses","authors":"Muttiah Barathan","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftae006","url":null,"abstract":"Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness (AUFI) presents a clinical challenge, often characterized by sudden fever, non-specific symptoms, and potential life-threatening implications. This review highlights the global prevalence, types, challenges, and implications of AUFI, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where infectious diseases thrive. It delves into the difficulties in diagnosis, prevalence rates, regional variations, and potential causes, ranging from bacterial and viral infections to zoonotic diseases. Furthermore, it explores treatment strategies, preventive measures, and the critical role of the One Health approach in addressing AUFI. The paper also addresses the emerging zoonotic risks and ongoing outbreaks, including COVID-19, Rickettsia spp., and other novel pathogens, emphasizing their impact on AUFI diagnosis and management. Challenges in resource-limited settings are analyzed, highlighting the need for bolstered healthcare infrastructure, enhanced diagnostics, and collaborative One Health strategies. Amidst the complexity of emerging zoonotic threats, this review underscores the urgency for a multifaceted approach to mitigate the growing burden of AUFI, ensuring early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and effective prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140598553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overcoming antibiotic resistance: non-thermal plasma and antibiotics combination inhibits important pathogens. 克服抗生素耐药性：非热等离子体和抗生素联合抑制重要病原体。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae007

Eva Vaňková, Jaroslav Julák, Anna Machková, Klára Obrová, Anja Klančnik, Sonja Smole Možina, Vladimír Scholtz

{"title":"Overcoming antibiotic resistance: non-thermal plasma and antibiotics combination inhibits important pathogens.","authors":"Eva Vaňková, Jaroslav Julák, Anna Machková, Klára Obrová, Anja Klančnik, Sonja Smole Možina, Vladimír Scholtz","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftae007","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance (ATBR) is increasing every year as the overuse of antibiotics (ATBs) and the lack of newly emerging antimicrobial agents lead to an efficient pathogen escape from ATBs action. This trend is alarming and the World Health Organization warned in 2021 that ATBR could become the leading cause of death worldwide by 2050. The development of novel ATBs is not fast enough considering the situation, and alternative strategies are therefore urgently required. One such alternative may be the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP), a well-established antimicrobial agent actively used in a growing number of medical fields. Despite its efficiency, NTP alone is not always sufficient to completely eliminate pathogens. However, NTP combined with ATBs is more potent and evidence has been emerging over the last few years proving this is a robust and highly effective strategy to fight resistant pathogens. This minireview summarizes experimental research addressing the potential of the NTP-ATBs combination, particularly for inhibiting planktonic and biofilm growth and treating infections in mouse models caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The published studies highlight this combination as a promising solution to emerging ATBR, and further research is therefore highly desirable.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11094553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chlamydia trachomatis upregulates lncRNA CYTOR to mediate autophagy through miR-206/MAPK1 axis. 沙眼衣原体通过 miR-206/MAPK1 轴上调 lncRNA CYTOR 以介导自噬。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae011

Shan Cheng, Yi Liu, Bei He, Jinrong Zhang, Yewei Yang, Xinglv Wang, Zhongyu Li

{"title":"Chlamydia trachomatis upregulates lncRNA CYTOR to mediate autophagy through miR-206/MAPK1 axis.","authors":"Shan Cheng, Yi Liu, Bei He, Jinrong Zhang, Yewei Yang, Xinglv Wang, Zhongyu Li","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftae011","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia trachomatis infection can be regulated by autophagy-related genes. LncRNA CYTOR has been proven to be involved in autophagy. In this research, we investigated the role of CYTOR in autophagy induced by C. trachomatis and the potential mechanisms. After C. trachomatis infection, CYTOR and MAPK1 were up-regulated and miR-206 was down-regulated, meanwhile, the autophagy-related protein Beclin1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio were increased. Interference with CYTOR or overexpression with miR-206 downregulated the autophagy-related protein Beclin1 and the number of autophagic spots LC3, decreased the protein ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, and upregulated the expression of P62 protein. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CYTOR acted as a sponge for miR-206 to target MAPK1. In addition, CYTOR promoted autophagy induced by C. trachomatis infection through the MAPK1/ERK signaling pathway activation. Taken together, we have identified a novel molecular mechanism that the CYTOR/miR-206/MAPK1 axis was involved in the regulation of autophagy in C. trachomatis infection. This work provides an experimental basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of C. trachomatis for the treatment, prevention and control of related infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11210502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms that potentially contribute to the development of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. 链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎的潜在发病机制。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae024

Mohammad Raguib Munif, Robert A Hart, Rukshan A M Rafeek, Amali C Mallawaarachchi, Lyndal Anderson, David J McMillan, Kadaba S Sriprakash, Natkunam Ketheesan

{"title":"Mechanisms that potentially contribute to the development of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.","authors":"Mohammad Raguib Munif, Robert A Hart, Rukshan A M Rafeek, Amali C Mallawaarachchi, Lyndal Anderson, David J McMillan, Kadaba S Sriprakash, Natkunam Ketheesan","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftae024","url":null,"abstract":"Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is primarily associated with preceding group A streptococcal skin or throat infections, now mainly observed in economically disadvantaged communities. This condition significantly predisposes individuals to later-life chronic kidney disease and concurrent renal complications, with the elderly experiencing increased severity and less favourable outcomes. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B and nephritis-associated plasmin receptor are identified nephritogenic antigens (nephritogens). Pathogenesis of PSGN is multifactorial. It can involve the formation of antigen-antibody immune complexes, causing inflammatory damage to renal glomeruli. Deposition of circulating immune complexes or in situ formation of immune complexes in glomeruli, or both, results in glomerulonephritis. Additionally, molecular mimicry is hypothesized as a mechanism, wherein cross-reactivity between anti-streptococcal antibodies and glomerular intrinsic matrix proteins leads to glomerulonephritis. Besides, as observed in clinical studies, streptococcal inhibitor of complement, a streptococcal-secreted protein, can also be associated with PSGN. However, the interplay between these streptococcal antigens in the pathogenesis of PSGN necessitates further investigation. Despite the clinical significance of PSGN, the lack of credible animal models poses challenges in understanding the association between streptococcal antigens and the disease process. This review outlines the postulated mechanisms implicated in the development of PSGN with possible therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of genomic characteristics and immune response between Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains cultured continuously for 25 years and H37Rv. 连续培养 25 年的结核分枝杆菌菌株与 H37Rv 的基因组特征和免疫反应比较分析。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae014

Chuanzhi Zhu, Jing Dong, Yuheng Duan, Hongyan Jia, Lanyue Zhang, Aiying Xing, Boping Du, Qi Sun, Yinxia Huang, Zongde Zhang, Liping Pan, Zihui Li

{"title":"Comparative analysis of genomic characteristics and immune response between Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains cultured continuously for 25 years and H37Rv.","authors":"Chuanzhi Zhu, Jing Dong, Yuheng Duan, Hongyan Jia, Lanyue Zhang, Aiying Xing, Boping Du, Qi Sun, Yinxia Huang, Zongde Zhang, Liping Pan, Zihui Li","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftae014","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global health challenge, emphasizing the critical need for effective preventive measures. Although many studies have tried to develop new attenuated vaccines, there is no effective TB vaccine. In this study, we report a novel attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) strain, CHVAC-25, cultured continuously for 25 years in the laboratory. CHVAC-25 exhibited significantly reduced virulence compared to both the virulent H37Rv strain in C57BL/6J and severe combined immunodeficiency disease mice. The comparative genomic analysis identified 93 potential absent genomic segments and 65 single nucleotide polymorphic sites across 47 coding genes. Notably, the deletion mutation of ppsC (Rv2933) involved in phthiocerol dimycocerosate synthesis likely contributes to CHVAC-25 virulence attenuation. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of immune responses between H37Rv- and CHVAC-25-infected macrophages showed that CHVAC-25 triggered a robust upregulation of 173 genes, particularly cytokines crucial for combating M. tb infection. Additionally, the survival of CHVAC-25 was significantly reduced compared to H37Rv in macrophages. These findings reiterate the possibility of obtaining attenuated M. tb strains through prolonged laboratory cultivation, echoing the initial conception of H37Ra nearly a century ago. Additionally, the similarity of CHVAC-25 to genotypes associated with attenuated M. tb vaccine positions it as a promising candidate for TB vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogenetic evaluation and genotypic identification of burn-related Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from post-burn human infections during hospitalization. 从住院期间烧伤后感染的人体内分离出的烧伤相关铜绿假单胞菌菌株的系统发育评估和基因型鉴定。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae021

Fatemeh Sanjar, Claudia P Millan, Kai P Leung

{"title":"Phylogenetic evaluation and genotypic identification of burn-related Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from post-burn human infections during hospitalization.","authors":"Fatemeh Sanjar, Claudia P Millan, Kai P Leung","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftae021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftae021","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous burn trauma, compromise of dermal layers and immune defense system is a physical and fiscal burden on healthcare systems. Burn-wound infections are a serious complication of thermal injury and contribute significantly to care burden. After burn-induced trauma, sepsis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa impairs patient recovery and contributes to mortality and morbidity. Past studies show positive correlation between detection of Pseudomonas species and healing-impaired traumatic wounds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a resilient opportunistic human pathogen and a nosocomial agent involved in pathology of healing-impaired wounds, especially in burn patients. Expansive array of virulence determinants has resulted in gentamicin- and silver-resistant P. aeruginosa outbreaks. Knowledge of molecular dynamics and phylogeny of P. aeruginosa associated with burn wounds is limited. Therefore, we conducted whole-genome sequencing for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of P. aeruginosa burn-associated strains (n = 19) isolated from 7 burn cases during hospitalization. Comparison of genetic features in P. aeruginosa strains in the core genome and mobilome detected genetic variations within some clonal infections over time. Genetic variations were observed among different burn cases, with some features identified in severe lung infections. Polyclonal infections were also observed, with differing genotypes and virulence potentials, highlighting the importance of reasoned sampling of isolates for clinical testing.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0