Pathogens and disease最新文献

Primary human nasal, nasopharyngeal, and bronchial epithelia show distinct immune responses to various pathogens. 原代人鼻、鼻咽和支气管上皮对各种病原体表现出不同的免疫反应。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf011

E van Woudenbergh, A J Lakerveld, N van Heerbeek, J Honings, P B van Kasteren, M I de Jonge, G den Hartog

{"title":"Primary human nasal, nasopharyngeal, and bronchial epithelia show distinct immune responses to various pathogens.","authors":"E van Woudenbergh, A J Lakerveld, N van Heerbeek, J Honings, P B van Kasteren, M I de Jonge, G den Hartog","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaf011","url":null,"abstract":"The respiratory epithelium serves as initial defense against airborne pathogens through its barrier function and induction of immune responses. To study epithelial-pathogen interactions we used primary epithelial models that closely resembled the epithelia of the airways, for which we collected nasal (n = 7), nasopharyngeal (n = 3), and bronchial (n = 4) epithelial cells from different donors. We cultured these epithelial cells on an air-liquid interface and evaluated their differentiation status. To assess how the different epithelial models respond to distinct types of exposures, the cells were stimulated with IFN-γ, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for 72 hours. The nasopharyngeal epithelium was distinct from nasal and bronchial cells with respect to morphology, pathogen load, and induction of cytokine responses, while nasal and bronchial epithelial cells had similar, but not identical cytokine profiles. Each tissue type and stimulus showed specific cytokine patterns. Interestingly, donor-specific differences for IFN-λ2,3 and IL-6 responses were found during meningococcal and RSV infections. Our data highlight morphological differences and a broad variety of epithelial cytokine responses in the different regions of the upper respiratory tract. These different epithelial models will help unravel why some pathogens target specific respiratory regions and why certain individuals are more susceptible to infections.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) in kidney transplant recipients using transcriptomic analysis: a comprehensive scoping review. 肾移植受者BK多瘤病毒相关肾病（BKPyVAN）的转录组学分析特征：一项全面的范围回顾

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf006

Lachlan A Davidson, Natalie M Niessen, Matthew Rowlandson, Thida M Myint, Paul R Trevillian, Adrian D Hibberd, Munish K Heer, Jay C Horvat, Katherine J Baines

{"title":"Characterization of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) in kidney transplant recipients using transcriptomic analysis: a comprehensive scoping review.","authors":"Lachlan A Davidson, Natalie M Niessen, Matthew Rowlandson, Thida M Myint, Paul R Trevillian, Adrian D Hibberd, Munish K Heer, Jay C Horvat, Katherine J Baines","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf006","url":null,"abstract":"BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection reactivates with immunosuppressive therapies and can lead to the development of BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) in kidney transplant recipients. This scoping review assesses the use of transcriptomics to profile BKPyVAN in kidney transplant recipients. The following search strategy was employed in Medline and Embase: 'BK virus' or 'BK polyomavirus' or 'Polyomavirus' AND 'Kidney transplant' or 'Nephritis' or 'Nephropathy' AND 'Gene expression' or 'Transcriptomics' or 'mRNA'. The search identified 368 publications (264 EMBASE and 104 MEDLINE), and after removal of duplicates (92) and abstract/full-text screening, there were 11 eligible studies which included 7 original transcriptomic studies and 4 bioinformatic studies. There was consistent dysregulated expression of proinflammatory pathways (e.g. cytokines, chemokines, T- and B-cell-related pathways) in BKPyVAN compared with stable graft function. There was considerable overlap between the gene expression patterns identified in BKPyVAN and T-cell mediated rejection that require more exploration. This review highlights limitations including small sample sizes, lack of validation, and variation in technical platforms and study designs. Transcriptomics in BKPyVAN is currently underutilized and there is a genuine need for further research in larger cohorts to provide action in discovering novel therapeutic targets and discriminative gene expression signatures to guide individualized therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144708333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of Concern: Blockade of interleukin-17A protects against coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis by increasing COX-2/PGE2 production in the heart. 关注表达：阻断白细胞介素- 17a可通过增加心脏中COX-2/PGE2的产生来预防柯萨奇病毒b3诱导的心肌炎。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf010

引用次数: 0

Typing of feces-derived Candida albicans strains using a novel seven-locus microsatellite panel reveals associations with yeast phenotype in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. 使用新型7位点微卫星面板对粪便来源的白色念珠菌菌株进行分型，揭示了炎症性肠病患者与酵母表型的关联。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf001

Isabelle A M van Thiel, Irini A M Kreulen, Mèlanie V Bénard, Marcus C de Goffau, Bart Theelen, Sigrid E M Heinsbroek, Patrycja K Zylka, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Teun Boekhout, Wouter J de Jonge, Søren Rosendahl, René M van den Wijngaard, Ferry Hagen

{"title":"Typing of feces-derived Candida albicans strains using a novel seven-locus microsatellite panel reveals associations with yeast phenotype in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Isabelle A M van Thiel, Irini A M Kreulen, Mèlanie V Bénard, Marcus C de Goffau, Bart Theelen, Sigrid E M Heinsbroek, Patrycja K Zylka, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Teun Boekhout, Wouter J de Jonge, Søren Rosendahl, René M van den Wijngaard, Ferry Hagen","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf001","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory diseases of the human gastrointestinal tract are affected by the microbes that reside in the mucosal surfaces. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have altered bacterial and fungal intestinal compositions, including higher levels of fecal Candida yeasts. Ongoing research indicates that genetic and phenotypic diversity of Candida albicans may be linked with disease severity. Here, we set out to investigate feces-derived C. albicans strains from individuals with IBD and healthy volunteers through microsatellite-based genotyping and phenotypic assays. A seven-locus microsatellite panel was applied, of which six loci were newly developed. It appears that there is no specific lineage of C. albicans that is associated with IBD, but rather that the three study populations (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, healthy volunteers) do have distinguishable distributions of genotypes. In addition, phenotypic characterization by means of enzyme release assays revealed trends between genotypes, virulence-related enzyme activity, and clinical biomarkers. We thus show that microsatellite typing can describe genetic diversity of feces-derived C. albicans strains, and that phenotypic diversity of these strains may indeed correlate with fungal genotype or disease. This study opens further possibilities to investigate fecal fungi in relation to severity of inflammation in IBD or in other (intestinal) diseases.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolate-specific rat brain transcriptional responses to rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis). 分离特异性大鼠脑对大鼠肺线虫（广东管圆线虫）的转录反应。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf003

Phoebe Rivory, Rogan Lee, Jan Šlapeta

{"title":"Isolate-specific rat brain transcriptional responses to rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis).","authors":"Phoebe Rivory, Rogan Lee, Jan Šlapeta","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf003","url":null,"abstract":"The rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) is an invasive parasite of rats that in accidental hosts, such as dogs and humans, causes eosinophilic meningitis. In Australia, only two distinct rat lungworm cox1 haplotypes have been detected in clinically affected dogs, with haplotype Ac13 implicated in most cases. Using locally sourced isolates, we enquired whether the brain migrating larvae elicit different host response in its natural host. We examined brain transcriptome, faecal shedding rates, and adult worm of A. cantonensis isolates representing two distinct cox1 haplotypes, SYD.1 and Ac13 (represented by isolate SYD.2), in experimentally infected Wistar rats. For SYD.1-infected rats, only one differentially expressed gene (DEG) was upregulated in the compared to controls. In contrast, the transcriptome of SYD.2-infected rats included 100 DEGs, with enrichment of functional terms related to immune response, neuroactivity, and signalling. Faecal shedding did not differ between SYD.1- and SYD.2-infected rats, but adult worm burdens were higher in the SYD.1 group. The increased immune response in SYD.2-infected rats provides evidence that there is strain specific virulence that is pronounced in its natural host. This study provides initial parasite-specific evidence explaining why clinically affected dogs are more frequently presented with A. cantonensis haplotype Ac13.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of Concern: The effect of dietary lipid manipulation on murine splenic lymphocytes apoptosis and heat shock protein over expression. 关注表达：膳食脂质调控对小鼠脾淋巴细胞凋亡及热休克蛋白过表达的影响。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf008

引用次数: 0

Vibrio cholerae: Understanding a persistent pathogen in Sub-Saharan Africa and the East Mediterranean Region. 霍乱弧菌：了解撒哈拉以南非洲和东地中海地区的一种持久性病原体。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf004

Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan

{"title":"Vibrio cholerae: Understanding a persistent pathogen in Sub-Saharan Africa and the East Mediterranean Region.","authors":"Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf004","url":null,"abstract":"Vibrio cholerae remains a significant public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa and the East Mediterranean Region, where recurrent outbreaks are driven by inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure, climatic variability, and socio-political instability. This review explores the persistence of the pathogen in these regions, examining its epidemiology, environmental reservoirs, and genomic adaptations that enhance its survival and transmission. We highlight the impact of antimicrobial resistance and the role of climate change in cholera dynamics. Furthermore, we discuss current prevention and control strategies, including advancements in oral cholera vaccines, genomic surveillance, and microbiome-targeted interventions. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach that integrates sustainable sanitation improvements, strengthened disease surveillance, and innovative vaccination strategies. Understanding the persistence of V. cholerae in these high-risk regions is critical for developing effective, long-term mitigation strategies to reduce cholera morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammatory phenotypes and clinical outcomes amongst patients with presumed and confirmed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia without underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection. 无潜在人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的推定和确诊的乙氏肺囊虫肺炎患者的炎症表型和临床结果

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf005

Matthew Chung Yi Koh, Lionel Hon-Wai Lum, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam

{"title":"Inflammatory phenotypes and clinical outcomes amongst patients with presumed and confirmed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia without underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection.","authors":"Matthew Chung Yi Koh, Lionel Hon-Wai Lum, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaf005","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) has significant mortality, especially in immunocompromised hosts without underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). Inflammatory phenotypes may influence clinical outcomes. This study examines the relationship between inflammation, as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), and adverse outcomes in HIV-negative patients with PJP. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 62 HIV-negative patients with presumed or confirmed PJP from 2006 to 2023. CRP measured within 48 hours of admission were used to classify patients into hypo-inflammatory (CRP<30 mg/l), normo-inflammatory (30-135 mg/l), and hyper-inflammatory (>135 mg/l) groups. Composite adverse outcomes (defined as all-cause in-hospital mortality or mechanical ventilation) were compared across groups using univariate and multivariable analyses. The inflammatory groups differed in CRP but not significantly in terms of white cell count, ferritin, or lactate dehydrogenase. Corticosteroid use was similar across groups. Adverse outcomes occurred in 37.5% of the hypo-inflammatory group, 20.0% of the normo-inflammatory group, and 68.8% of the hyper-inflammatory group (P = 0.005). Hyper-inflammation independently predicted adverse outcomes (adjusted OR 6.98, 95% CI 1.81-26.92, P = 0.005). This study raises the possibility of a U-shaped relationship between inflammatory phenotypes and outcomes in PJP, with hypo- and hyper-inflammatory phenotypes associated with worse outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":"83 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dectin-1 stimulating β-glucans inhibit Chlamydia infections both in vitro and in vivo. Dectin-1刺激β-葡聚糖抑制衣原体感染体外和体内。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf002

Jennifer Kintner, Morgan Callaghan, Lillith Bulawa, Angela Chu, Zuchao Ma, David L Williams, Robert V Schoborg, Michael D Kruppa, Jennifer V Hall

{"title":"Dectin-1 stimulating β-glucans inhibit Chlamydia infections both in vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Jennifer Kintner, Morgan Callaghan, Lillith Bulawa, Angela Chu, Zuchao Ma, David L Williams, Robert V Schoborg, Michael D Kruppa, Jennifer V Hall","doi":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femspd/ftaf002","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia trachomatis and Candida albicans are common inhabitants of the female genital tract. Candida albicans can impact the viability and pathogenesis of some bacteria. Previously, we investigated physical interactions between Ch. trachomatis elementary bodies (EBs) and Ca. albicans. This work indicated that EBs bind to Ca. albicans and become noninfectious by 24 h post-binding. Here, we continue our investigation of these interkingdom, polymicrobial interactions. Candida albicans adheres to bacteria or host surfaces via agglutinin-like sequence or heat shock 70 (Ssa) proteins. Chlamydia trachomatis EBs did not bind Ca. albicans Ssa2 deficient strains as efficiently as wild-type or complemented strains, indicating a role for this protein in chlamydial adherence to Candida. Additionally, Ca. albicans β-glucans inhibit chlamydial infection when exposure occurs during EB adsorption onto cervical cells. Laminarin, a β-glucan agonist of the C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1, inhibited chlamydial infection in both cervical epithelial cells and mice when exposure occurred prior to, during, or immediately following EB inoculation. Conversely, a Dectin-1 antagonist laminarin did not inhibit infection in vitro, suggesting that β-glucan inhibition of Ch. trachomatis requires C-type lectin receptor signaling. Overall, our data demonstrate that β-glucans from multiple species, including Ca. albicans, inhibit Chlamydia via stimulation of host-signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":19795,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of Concern: Protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG against human rotavirus-induced diarrhoea in a neonatal mouse model. 关注表达：鼠李糖乳杆菌GG在新生小鼠模型中对人轮状病毒诱导的腹泻的保护作用

IF 2.7 4区医学

Pathogens and disease Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaf007

引用次数: 0