Vibrio cholerae: Understanding A Persistent Pathogen in Sub Saharan Africa and the East Mediterranean Region.

IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY
Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vibrio cholerae remains a significant public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa and the East Mediterranean region, where recurrent outbreaks are driven by inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure, climatic variability, and socio-political instability. This review explores the persistence of the pathogen in these regions, examining its epidemiology, environmental reservoirs, and genomic adaptations that enhance its survival and transmission. We highlight the impact of antimicrobial resistance and the role of climate change in cholera dynamics. Furthermore, we discuss current prevention and control strategies, including advancements in oral cholera vaccines, genomic surveillance, and microbiome-targeted interventions. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach that integrates sustainable sanitation improvements, strengthened disease surveillance, and innovative vaccination strategies. Understanding the persistence of V. cholerae in these high-risk regions is critical for developing effective, long-term mitigation strategies to reduce cholera morbidity and mortality.

霍乱弧菌:了解撒哈拉以南非洲和东地中海地区的一种持久性病原体。
在撒哈拉以南非洲和东地中海区域,霍乱弧菌仍然是一个重大的公共卫生威胁,在这些地区,由于水、环境卫生和个人卫生基础设施不足、气候变化和社会政治不稳定,导致霍乱反复暴发。这篇综述探讨了病原体在这些地区的持久性,研究了其流行病学、环境宿主和增强其生存和传播的基因组适应性。我们强调抗菌素耐药性的影响和气候变化在霍乱动态中的作用。此外,我们还讨论了当前的预防和控制策略,包括口服霍乱疫苗、基因组监测和微生物组靶向干预的进展。应对这些挑战需要采取多方面的办法,将可持续的卫生设施改善、加强疾病监测和创新的疫苗接种战略结合起来。了解霍乱弧菌在这些高风险地区的持续性对于制定有效的长期缓解战略以降低霍乱发病率和死亡率至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pathogens and disease
Pathogens and disease IMMUNOLOGY-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
3.00%
发文量
44
期刊介绍: Pathogens and Disease publishes outstanding primary research on hypothesis- and discovery-driven studies on pathogens, host-pathogen interactions, host response to infection and their molecular and cellular correlates. It covers all pathogens – eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses – and includes zoonotic pathogens and experimental translational applications.
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