Pain Research and Treatment最新文献_第8页

Factors Associated with Opioid Use in a Cohort of Patients Presenting for Surgery 一组手术患者阿片类药物使用的相关因素

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.1155/2015/829696

Jennifer M. Hah, Y. Sharifzadeh, Bing Wang, M. Gillespie, S. Goodman, S. Mackey, Ian R Carroll

{"title":"Factors Associated with Opioid Use in a Cohort of Patients Presenting for Surgery","authors":"Jennifer M. Hah, Y. Sharifzadeh, Bing Wang, M. Gillespie, S. Goodman, S. Mackey, Ian R Carroll","doi":"10.1155/2015/829696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829696","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. Patients taking opioids prior to surgery experience prolonged postoperative opioid use, worse clinical outcomes, increased pain, and more postoperative complications. We aimed to compare preoperative opioid users to their opioid naïve counterparts to identify differences in baseline characteristics. Methods. 107 patients presenting for thoracotomy, total knee replacement, total hip replacement, radical mastectomy, and lumpectomy were investigated in a cross-sectional study to characterize the associations between measures of pain, substance use, abuse, addiction, sleep, and psychological measures (depressive symptoms, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptoms, somatic fear and anxiety, and fear of pain) with opioid use. Results. Every 9-point increase in the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain-Revised (SOAPP-R) score was associated with 2.37 (95% CI 1.29–4.32) increased odds of preoperative opioid use (p = 0.0005). The SOAPP-R score was also associated with 3.02 (95% CI 1.36–6.70) increased odds of illicit preoperative opioid use (p = 0.007). Also, every 4-point increase in baseline pain at the future surgical site was associated with 2.85 (95% CI 1.12–7.27) increased odds of legitimate preoperative opioid use (p = 0.03). Discussion. Patients presenting with preoperative opioid use have higher SOAPP-R scores potentially indicating an increased risk for opioid misuse after surgery. In addition, legitimate preoperative opioid use is associated with preexisting pain.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/829696","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65172640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Effect of Pregabalin on Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise and Postexercise Pain and Fatigue in Fibromyalgia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Pilot Study 普瑞巴林对纤维肌痛患者运动和运动后疼痛和疲劳后心血管反应的影响:一项随机、双盲、交叉先导研究

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-12-29 DOI: 10.1155/2015/136409

Andrea T. White, Kathleen C. Light, L. Bateman, R. Hughen, Timothy A. VanHaitsma, A. Light

{"title":"Effect of Pregabalin on Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise and Postexercise Pain and Fatigue in Fibromyalgia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Pilot Study","authors":"Andrea T. White, Kathleen C. Light, L. Bateman, R. Hughen, Timothy A. VanHaitsma, A. Light","doi":"10.1155/2015/136409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/136409","url":null,"abstract":"Pregabalin, an approved treatment for fibromyalgia (FM), has been shown to decrease sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity and inhibit sympathetically maintained pain, but its effects on exercise responses have not been reported. Methods. Using a randomized double-blind crossover design, we assessed the effect of 5 weeks of pregabalin (versus placebo) on acute cardiovascular and subjective responses to moderate exercise in 19 FM patients. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise and ratings of pain, physical fatigue, and mental fatigue before, during, and for 48 hours after exercise were compared in patients on pregabalin versus placebo and also versus 18 healthy controls. Results. On placebo, exercise RPE and BP were significantly higher in FM patients than controls (p < 0.04). Pregabalin responders (n = 12, defined by patient satisfaction and symptom changes) had significantly lower exercise BP, HR, and RPE on pregabalin versus placebo (p < 0.03) and no longer differed from controls (p > 0.26). Cardiovascular responses of nonresponders (n = 7) were not altered by pregabalin. In responders, pregabalin improved ratings of fatigue and pain (p < 0.04), but negative effects on pain and fatigue were seen in nonresponders. Conclusions. These preliminary findings suggest that pregabalin may normalize cardiovascular and subjective responses to exercise in many FM patients.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/136409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64799847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Using Picture and Text Schedules to Inform Children: Effects on Distress and Pain during Needle-Related Procedures in Nitrous Oxide Sedation 使用图片和文字时间表来告知儿童:在一氧化二氮镇静针相关过程中对窘迫和疼痛的影响

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2015/478503

Merja Vantaa Benjaminsson, Gunilla C. Thunberg, S. Nilsson

{"title":"Using Picture and Text Schedules to Inform Children: Effects on Distress and Pain during Needle-Related Procedures in Nitrous Oxide Sedation","authors":"Merja Vantaa Benjaminsson, Gunilla C. Thunberg, S. Nilsson","doi":"10.1155/2015/478503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/478503","url":null,"abstract":"During hospital visits, children often undergo examinations and treatments that may involve an experience of pain and distress that is also connected to the staff's treatment. The United Nation's Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability advocates the use of Universal Design. One way of implementing this idea within paediatric nursing is to increase the use of pictorial supports, and the few studies that have been published show promising results. The aim of this study was to do a comparison between two groups of children in regard to the pre- and postconditions of implementing an intervention including staff instruction and the use of pictorial support. The support consisted of a visual schedule with pictures and text, used both preparatory to and during the hospital visit. One hundred children aged 5–15 (50 children during the preinterventional data collection and 50 children postinterventionally) reported pain intensity and distress during needle-related procedures in nitrous oxide sedation. The results showed that the intervention had a positive effect in significantly lowering the level of preprocedural distress. The results showed that the pain intensity was also lowered however not reaching statistical significance. This confirms other positive research results on the use of visual supports within paediatric care, a topic that has to be further studied.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/478503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64988916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Role of Descending Modulation in Manual Therapy and Its Analgesic Implications: A Narrative Review 下行调节在手工治疗中的作用及其镇痛意义:一个叙述性的回顾

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-12-16 DOI: 10.1155/2015/292805

A. Vigotsky, R. Bruhns

引用次数: 70

Comparison of Dry Needling versus Orthopedic Manual Therapy in Patients with Myofascial Chronic Neck Pain: A Single-Blind, Randomized Pilot Study 干针与矫形手法治疗肌筋膜慢性颈部疼痛患者的比较:一项单盲、随机试验研究

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-11-10 DOI: 10.1155/2015/327307

Irene Campa-Moran, Etelvina Rey-Gudin, J. Fernández-Carnero, A. Paris‐Alemany, A. Gil-Martínez, S. Lerma Lara, Almudena Prieto-Baquero, José Luis Alonso-Pérez, R. La Touche

{"title":"Comparison of Dry Needling versus Orthopedic Manual Therapy in Patients with Myofascial Chronic Neck Pain: A Single-Blind, Randomized Pilot Study","authors":"Irene Campa-Moran, Etelvina Rey-Gudin, J. Fernández-Carnero, A. Paris‐Alemany, A. Gil-Martínez, S. Lerma Lara, Almudena Prieto-Baquero, José Luis Alonso-Pérez, R. La Touche","doi":"10.1155/2015/327307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/327307","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of three interventions for the treatment of myofascial chronic neck pain. Methods. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: orthopedic manual therapy (OMT), dry needling and stretching (DN-S), and soft tissue techniques (STT). All groups received two treatment sessions with a 48 h time interval. Outcome measures included neck pain intensity measured using a visual analogue scale, cervical range of motion (ROM), pressure pain threshold for measuring mechanical hyperalgesia, and two self-reported questionnaires (neck disability index and pain catastrophizing scale). Results. The ANOVA revealed significant differences for the group × time interaction for neck disability, neck pain intensity, and pain catastrophizing. The DN-S and OMT groups reduced neck disability. Only the OMT group showed decreases in mechanical hyperalgesia and pain catastrophizing. The cervical ROM increased in OMT (i.e., flexion, side-bending, and rotation) and DN-S (i.e., side-bending and rotation) groups. Conclusions. The three interventions are all effective in reducing pain intensity. Reduction in mechanical hyperalgesia and pain catastrophizing was only observed in the OMT group. Cervical ROM improved in the DN-S and OMT groups and also neck disability being only clinically relevant for OMT group.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/327307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64904929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

Morphine versus Hydromorphone: Does Choice of Opioid Influence Outcomes? 吗啡与氢吗啡酮:阿片类药物的选择会影响结果吗?

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/482081

P. Gulur, Katharine M Koury, P. Arnstein, Hang Lee, P. McCarthy, C. Coley, E. Mort

{"title":"Morphine versus Hydromorphone: Does Choice of Opioid Influence Outcomes?","authors":"P. Gulur, Katharine M Koury, P. Arnstein, Hang Lee, P. McCarthy, C. Coley, E. Mort","doi":"10.1155/2015/482081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/482081","url":null,"abstract":"Morphine has traditionally been considered the first line agent for analgesia in hospitals; however, in the last few years there has been a shift towards the use of hydromorphone as a first line agent. We conducted a hospital population based observational study to evaluate the increasing use of hydromorphone over morphine in both medical and surgical populations. Additionally, we assessed the effect of this trend on three key outcomes, including adverse events, length of stay, and readmission rates. We evaluated data from the University Health Systems Consortium. Data from 38 hospitals from October 2010 to September 2013 was analyzed for patients treated with either hydromorphone or morphine. The use of morphine steadily decreased while use of hydromorphone increased in both medical and surgical groups. Rescue drugs were used more frequently in patients treated with hydromorphone in comparison to patients treated with morphine (p < 0.01). Patients receiving morphine tended to stay in the hospital for almost one day longer than patients receiving hydromorphone. However, 30-day all cause readmission rates were significantly higher in patients treated with hydromorphone (p < 0.01). Our study highlights that the choice of hydromorphone versus morphine may influence outcomes. There are implications related to resource utilization and these outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/482081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64991413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Physicians Experience with and Expectations of the Safety and Tolerability of WHO-Step III Opioids for Chronic (Low) Back Pain: Post Hoc Analysis of Data from a German Cross-Sectional Physician Survey 医生对慢性(下)背痛使用世卫组织第三步阿片类药物的经验和安全性和耐受性的期望:德国横断面医生调查数据的事后分析

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-10-18 DOI: 10.1155/2015/745048

M. Ueberall, Alice Eberhardt, G. Mueller-Schwefe

{"title":"Physicians Experience with and Expectations of the Safety and Tolerability of WHO-Step III Opioids for Chronic (Low) Back Pain: Post Hoc Analysis of Data from a German Cross-Sectional Physician Survey","authors":"M. Ueberall, Alice Eberhardt, G. Mueller-Schwefe","doi":"10.1155/2015/745048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/745048","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To describe physicians' daily life experience with WHO-step III opioids in the treatment of chronic (low) back pain (CLBP). Methods. Post hoc analysis of data from a cross-sectional online survey with 4.283 Germany physicians. Results. With a reported median use in 17% of affected patients, WHO-step III opioids play a minor role in treatment of CLBP in daily practice associated with a broad spectrum of positive and negative effects. If prescribed, potent opioids were reported to show clinically relevant effects (such as ≥50% pain relief) in approximately 3 of 4 patients (median 72%). Analgesic effects reported are frequently related with adverse events (AEs). Only 20% of patients were reported to remain free of any AE. Most frequently reported AE was constipation (50%), also graded highest for AE-related daily life restrictions (median 46%). Specific AE countermeasures were reported to be necessary in approximately half of patients (median 45%); nevertheless AE-related premature discontinuation rates reported were high (median 22%). Fentanyl/morphine were the most/least prevalently prescribed potent opioids mentioned (median 20 versus 8%). Conclusion. Overall, use of WHO-step III opioids for CLBP is low. AEs, especially constipation, are commonly reported and interfere significantly with analgesic effects in daily practice. Nevertheless, beneficial effects outweigh related AEs in most patients with CLBP.","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/745048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65132039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Practice of Pain Management by Indian Healthcare Practitioners: Results of a Paper Based Questionnaire Survey. 印度医疗从业人员疼痛管理的实践:基于纸质问卷调查的结果。

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-23 DOI: 10.1155/2015/891092

Gauri Billa, Mukesh Gabhane, Swati Biswas

{"title":"Practice of Pain Management by Indian Healthcare Practitioners: Results of a Paper Based Questionnaire Survey.","authors":"Gauri Billa, Mukesh Gabhane, Swati Biswas","doi":"10.1155/2015/891092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/891092","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Understanding factors while selecting an analgesic and its usage pattern by Indian healthcare practitioners (HCPs). Methods. Questionnaire-based survey was conducted among six healthcare specialties. Results. Total 448 HCPs participated. Patient's age (72.8%, 74.4%, 87.5%, and 78.9%) and duration of therapy (70.8%, 66.2%, 69.6%, and 73.6%) were main attributes for selecting an opioid according to general practitioners (GPs), dentists, consulting physicians (CPs), and surgeons, respectively. Patient's age was important factor while selecting NSAID according to 77.60%, 66.91%, and 84.20% of GPs, dentists, surgeons, respectively. For mild pain, paracetamol was the choice according to 77%, 78.57% and 74% of GPs, CPs, and surgeons, respectively. For moderate pain, 77%, 87.50%, 68%, and 80.30% of GPs, CPs, surgeons and orthopedicians, respectively, preferred the use of paracetamol + tramadol combination. For moderate pain, NSAID + paracetamol and paracetamol+diclofenac were used by 68.94% and 47.73% of orthopedicians, respectively. Lack of pain clinic (38.8%) in city was commonly cited reason for not referring patients to pain clinics. Conclusion. Patient's age, duration of therapy, comorbid conditions, frequency of dosing, and severity of pain are important parameters while selecting analgesics. Paracetamol and its combinations are commonly used for mild and moderate pain, respectively. Pain clinics currently have limited presence in India. ","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/891092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34002312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Using computed tomography scans and patient demographic data to estimate thoracic epidural space depth. 利用计算机断层扫描和患者人口统计资料估计胸椎硬膜外腔深度。

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1155/2015/470240

Alyssa Kosturakis, Jose Soliz, Jackson Su, Juan P Cata, Lei Feng, Nusrat Harun, Ashley Amsbaugh, Rodolfo Gebhardt

{"title":"Using computed tomography scans and patient demographic data to estimate thoracic epidural space depth.","authors":"Alyssa Kosturakis, Jose Soliz, Jackson Su, Juan P Cata, Lei Feng, Nusrat Harun, Ashley Amsbaugh, Rodolfo Gebhardt","doi":"10.1155/2015/470240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/470240","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives. Previous studies have used varying methods to estimate the depth of the epidural space prior to placement of an epidural catheter. We aim to use computed tomography scans, patient demographics, and vertebral level to estimate the depth of the loss of resistance for placement of thoracic epidural catheters. Methods. The records of consecutive patients who received a thoracic epidural catheter were reviewed. Patient demographics, epidural placement site, and technique were collected. Preoperative computed tomography scans were reviewed to measure the skin to epidural space distance. Linear regression was used for a multivariate analysis. Results. The records of 218 patients were reviewed. The mean loss of resistance measurement was significantly larger than the mean computed tomography epidural space depth measurement by 0.79 cm (p < 0.001). Our final multivariate model, adjusted for demographic and epidural technique, showed a positive correlation between the loss of resistance and the computed tomography epidural space depth measurement (R (2) = 0.5692, p < 0.0001). Conclusions. The measured loss of resistance is positively correlated with the computed tomography epidural space depth measurement and patient demographics. For patients undergoing thoracic or abdominal surgery, estimating the loss of resistance can be a valuable tool. ","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/470240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33291681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Noninterventional study of transdermal fentanyl (fentavera) matrix patches in chronic pain patients: analgesic and quality of life effects. 慢性疼痛患者透皮芬太尼（fentavera）基质贴片的非干预性研究：镇痛效果和生活质量。

Pain Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-03-11 DOI: 10.1155/2015/198343

Manuel Heim

{"title":"Noninterventional study of transdermal fentanyl (fentavera) matrix patches in chronic pain patients: analgesic and quality of life effects.","authors":"Manuel Heim","doi":"10.1155/2015/198343","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2015/198343","url":null,"abstract":"Fentanyl is considered to be an effective, transdermal treatment of chronic, cancer, and noncancer pain. This noninterventional, clinical practice-based study, on 426 patients attending 42 practices, assessed a proprietary, Aloe vera-containing, transdermal fentanyl matrix patch (Fentavera), for its analgesic effects, patients' quality of life (QoL) effects, tolerability, and adhesiveness. Study outcomes were mean changes from baseline of patient (11-point scales) and physician (5-point scales) ratings. After 1 and 2 months treatment, there were significant (P < 0.0001) decreases in patients' ratings of pain intensity, and impairment of walking, general activity, sleep quality, and QoL. For each parameter, the patient response rate was >30% at 2 months (response = 2-point decrease on 11-point rating scale). In a large majority of patients, the physicians rated the matrix patch as good or very good for analgesic effect, systemic and local tolerance, and adhesiveness. There were 30 adverse events in 4.2% of patients and analgesic comedications were reduced during treatment compared to before treatment. It is concluded, from this population-based data, that the proprietary, transdermal fentanyl matrix patch is effective and safe for chronic pain management in clinical practice, with significant positive analgesic and QoL effects, while being well tolerated and exhibiting good or very good adhesiveness. ","PeriodicalId":19786,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4377521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33206387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0