{"title":"The Literati and the Illuminati","authors":"Jordan Taylor","doi":"10.7202/1066939ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1066939ar","url":null,"abstract":"Augustin Barruel’s Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism incited the famous “Illuminati scare” in the United States from 1798 through 1800. Barruel argued that a shadowy Freemason group known as the Illuminati had provoked the French Revolution. Americans in the late 1790s inferred that this group was infiltrating the United States. Scholars often imagine that this scare was an instance of mass hysteria triggered by the intensity of American politics at this moment. But in fact, Americans’ response to Barruel was measured, careful, and guided by the era’s prevailing epistemological standards. Atlantic knowledge networks repeatedly validated (or failed to persuasively rebut) the content of the Memoirs, allowing American intellectuals such as Jedidiah Morse and Timothy Dwight to spread the conspiracy theory with the conviction of “authority.” Morse was particularly significant as a mediator between these networks and American audiences. By engaging with literary reviews, the correspondence of academics, and the publications of intellectuals, Morse had good reason to accept Barruel’s account. Indeed, the evidence that Morse and his allies marshalled in favor of Barruel was arguably stronger than that which was available to their critics. In this light, the Illuminati “scare” was not an irrational panic, but rather a reasonable response to the evidence available to Americans during the late 1790s. By re-examining this story through the lens of print history, transatlantic networks, and early modern processes of knowledge production, scholars can better understand the borders and limitations of early modern epistemologies, as well as the nature of early conspiracy theories.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125737581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reading French in Early Nineteenth-Century New York","authors":"Jennifer S. Furlong","doi":"10.7202/1066941ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1066941ar","url":null,"abstract":"The circulation records of the New York Society Library contextualize late eighteenth-century New Yorkers’ engagement with French-language books and authors. Founded in 1754, the Society Library holds extant circulation records that date from 1789–1792 and 1799–1806. These records reveal what eighteenth-century readers were checking out of the library and presumably reading. The paper analyzes both quantitative and qualitative data related to readers’ borrowing practices and examines which French works were most often borrowed. This, in turn, allows us to speculate on what might have been the appeal of these works in the complex cultural environment of the early American republic. Finally, this paper seeks to understand why Anglophone readers chose to read in French, particularly when English-language titles were available, what they gained from this practice, and how these works supported the intellectual aspirations of a new nation.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132100044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les comportements informationnels des écrivains membres de l’UNEQ","authors":"Nadine Desrochers","doi":"10.7202/1060978AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1060978AR","url":null,"abstract":"Cette etude qualitative constitue l’etape empirique d’un projet portant sur les comportements informationnels des membres de l’Union des ecrivaines et des ecrivains quebecois (UNEQ). Grâce a un cadre theorique inspire des travaux de Pierre Bourdieu sur le champ litteraire, repere egalement dans la litterature, elle decrit les pratiques des ecrivains quant a leurs besoins, recherche, utilisation et diffusion d’information, unissant les donnees recueillies lors d’un sondage, une analyse de contenus web et des entrevues. Les resultats montrent que les avantages et desavantages apportes par le numerique creent parfois un sentiment d’incoherence entre les ressources utilisees et la diffusion en ligne. Par ailleurs, la relation avec les professionnels de l’information pourrait etre repensee a l’etape de la creation du texte, quant a l’organisation du paratexte numerique et pour la comprehension des outils web a la portee des ecrivains. Cela dit, il faudrait que cela participe d’une transformation plus large du champ, car la perception de la legitimation continue pour l’instant de suivre les voies traditionnelles de l’illusio.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134065737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loret’s Marketing Revolution","authors":"Christophe Schuwey","doi":"10.7202/1077802ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1077802ar","url":null,"abstract":"The inception of Jean Loret’s Lettre en vers in 1652 constituted a major evolution in information culture. Borrowing the concepts of positioning and segmentation from marketing studies, this article insists on Loret’s tour de force: by portraying Marie de Nemours as the reader and recipient of the news, he conferred the veneer of a private and handwritten correspondence to an object that was public and sold. This formula, which I describe as “addressed information,” presented multiple advantages: it created a new, affective, intimate, and agentive relationship between the readers and the information, renewed audience segmentation, and distinguished the Lettre en vers from the competing gazettes of the time. The article also studies Loret’s depictions of a wider audience and demonstrates the later success of his formula in France, especially in the case of the Mercure galant.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"273 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134074144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Storyteller, Stenographer, and Self‑Published Superstar","authors":"Malin Nauwerck","doi":"10.7202/1094130ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1094130ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131440331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transnational Activism in the Post‑Digital Networks of the Bound Art Book Fair and the Hackney Comic + Zine Fair","authors":"Lou Preston","doi":"10.7202/1100562ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1100562ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115665606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les éditeurs d’Afrique francophone sur l’échiquier du « glocal » (1980-2019)","authors":"R. Thierry","doi":"10.7202/1060972AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1060972AR","url":null,"abstract":"Entre les langues, les marches et les labels, l’edition africaine represente un objet constant de discours. Celle-ci interroge en permanence notre regard sur le livre et notre relation a l’offre editoriale internationale. Le temps est desormais revolu ou le discours quasi unique concernant l’edition en Afrique portait sur la pretendue « famine du livre » continentale liee a la crise economique des annees 1980. Depuis trois decennies, les marches du livre n’ont fait que croitre sur le continent, diversifiant leur production a travers une circulation des livres et de l’information editoriale toujours plus intensives et transnationales. L’edition africaine demeure toutefois bien souvent presentee a travers les difficultes rencontrees par ses agents plutot que, precisement, leur capacite d’agentivite (« Agency »). Indiscutable, historiquement etabli, le livre africain se fait pourtant le miroir de la globalisation editoriale et de ses flux economiques. Les enjeux economiques qui y ont cours refletent alors les inegalites, les alternatives – les marges, aussi – d’un monde du livre toujours davantage concentre. L’edition africaine participe de meme a un double questionnement : en Afrique, elle doit defendre sa legitimite economique et intellectuelle en fonction de contextes sociopolitiques evolutifs et de marches educatifs en situation d’extraversion; a l’international, elle doit se positionner vis-a-vis de l’edition non africaine de litterature et de non-fiction qui concentre la majorite de la production intellectuelle africaine dans le monde. En etudiant les discours sur le livre africain, discours d’editeurs africains et evolution du marche international du livre africain francophone depuis les annees 1980, cette reflexion se propose d’interroger la relation entre l’industrie du livre en Afrique et le phenomene de mondialisation du livre, afin de mettre au jour un tissu permanent d’echanges, de tensions et d’influences, faisant du marche du livre africain un espace « glocal », s’il en est.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116595966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conversations avec un critique absent","authors":"H. Cazes","doi":"10.7202/1077799ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1077799ar","url":null,"abstract":"Editeur renomme, helleniste reconnu, imprimeur en difficulte, poete et ecrivain, Henri Estienne (1530‑1598) use volontiers des cahiers liminaires de ses publications pour y inscrire une correspondance prefacielle avec ses lecteurs. Selon une habitude, qui devient une signature auctoriale des volumes issus de ses presses, Henri Estienne ouvre son volume par une premiere preface de dedicace pour continuer par une seconde preface, a « l’ami des Muses ». La liberte de ces textes d’entree dans le livre se reconnait a la diversite des postures qu’y adopte leur auteur, mais egalement a celle des postures qu’il impose a ses dedicataires et amis‑lecteurs. Car la fiction d’une correspondance avec le lecteur par ces lettres prefacielles se continue par la creation d’un espace pour la parole du lecteur, au sein meme du livre : cahier vierge, page blanche, intervalles entre les chapitres. De fait, l’auteur‑editeur n’invite pas seulement ses lecteurs a devenir a leur tour editeurs : il lance au lecteur critique le defi de le retrouver, sur le terrain de l’ecriture. La familiarite de l’amitie autorise alors l’egalite entre dedicataires et auteur, tout comme elle previent la censure poetique d’une oeuvre personnelle ou s’allient intimite de la confidence et erudition. Surtout, Henri Estienne instaure au coeur du nouvel objet textuel qu’est le livre imprime la temporalite de l’improvisation, l’espace de la reponse et l’egale franche reciprocite des amis.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123616040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No Taxation for Menstruation: The Book’s Role in Menstrual Activism","authors":"Ellen Barth","doi":"10.7202/1100560ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1100560ar","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the role of books about menstruation in twenty‑first century menstrual activism. It argues that such books support and inspire transnational activist efforts by increasing public visibility of a taboo topic and by influencing perceptions about menstruation through their contents. Books on menstruation localize issues for specific linguistic, political, and cultural arenas, while still connecting to and bolstering the transnational movement. After providing an overview of current","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121099964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le lecteur malveillant dans les Relations de Pierre Biard (1616) et de Paul Lejeune (1632‑1641)","authors":"Éric Debacq","doi":"10.7202/1077800ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1077800ar","url":null,"abstract":"La Relation de Biard est souvent l’oubliee des Relations jesuites de Nouvelle‑France. Elle est, il est vrai, a part. D’abord, elle est publiee a Lyon chez Louis Muguet, alors que la quasi‑totalite des autres Relations sont editees a Paris, chez Cramoisy. De plus, elle est anterieure : elle parait en 1616, alors que la publication du corpus bien connu se fait annuellement entre 1632 et 1673. Ajoutons enfin qu’elle n’est pas une lettre, contrairement aux autres qui sont une extension imprimee de la lettre a la fois informative, administrative et propagandaire que les jesuites s’envoient de part et d’autre du globe. L’analyse de la figure du lecteur dans les Relations de Biard et de Lejeune amene a penser les differences et les ressemblances entre les deux corpus : difference dans la nature du lien affiche avec le lecteur (destinataire ou « amy Lecteur » designe par convention), similitude dans la construction d’une figure de lecteur malveillant, qui trouverait son origine dans le caractere antipamphletaire de la Relation de Biard.","PeriodicalId":197720,"journal":{"name":"Mémoires du livre","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124033362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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