Pathogens最新文献_第7页

Bacterial Puppeteering: How the Stealth Bacterium Coxiella Pulls the Cellular Strings. 细菌操纵：隐形细菌科西埃拉如何操纵细胞。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090896

Dylan Ruart, Juliette Riedinger, Sihem Zitouni, Arthur Bienvenu, Matteo Bonazzi, Eric Martinez

引用次数: 0

Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Brazil: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Features. 巴西戊型肝炎病毒感染：流行病学特征的范围综述。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090895

Carolline Araujo Mariz, Lílian Rose Maia Gomes de Araújo, Edmundo Pessoa Lopes

{"title":"Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Brazil: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Features.","authors":"Carolline Araujo Mariz, Lílian Rose Maia Gomes de Araújo, Edmundo Pessoa Lopes","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090895","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090895","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although Brazil includes industrialized regions, such as the Southeast, it also has underdeveloped areas with poor sanitation, such as the North and Northeast, resembling regions in Africa and Asia where HEV is endemic. In Brazil, HEV is suspected to occur mainly as a zoonosis. Given the wide variation in HEV prevalence across the five regions, a scoping review was conducted to systematically evaluate its prevalence and circulating genotypes.Aim: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HEV in Brazil, including modes of transmission, by reviewing genotyping studies in humans and swine.Methods: This scoping review followed the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Gray literature was retrieved from Google Scholar, the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and the Thesis and Dissertation Catalog of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. Searches were performed in June and July 2025 in MEDLINE and LILACS. The evidence on HEV epidemiology in Brazil was mapped using the Population, Concept, and Context strategy.Results: Among 57 studies on HEV prevalence in Brazil, 45 (78.9%) involved humans and 12 (21.1%) involved swine. IgG prevalence ranged from 0.5% in the North to 59.4% in the South. IgM prevalence was lowest in the Northeast (0.1%) and highest in the North (16.3%). In swine, HEV was detected in all regions, with variation in sample types, husbandry practices, and prevalence. Genotyping revealed exclusively HEV-3 in all regions where analysis was performed.Conclusions: HEV infection is present throughout Brazil, with higher prevalence in the South and Southeast. The circulating genotype is HEV-3, and transmission is likely linked to swine breeding and consumption.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational Laboratory Exposures to Burkholderia pseudomallei in the United States: A Review of Exposures and Serological Monitoring Data, 2008-2024. 美国职业实验室暴露于假马利氏伯克氏菌：2008-2024年暴露和血清学监测数据回顾

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090897

Brian T Richardson, Mindy G Elrod, Katherine M DeBord, Caroline A Schrodt, Julie M Thompson, Tina J Benoit, Lindy Liu, Julia K Petras, David Blaney, Jay E Gee, Vit Kraushaar, Danielle Stanek, Katie M Kurkjian, LaToya Griffin-Thomas, W Gina Pang, Kristin Garafalo, Catherine M Brown, Maria Bye, Christina Egan, Maria E Negron, William A Bower, Alex R Hoffmaster, Zachary P Weiner, Caitlin M Cossaboom

{"title":"Occupational Laboratory Exposures to Burkholderia pseudomallei in the United States: A Review of Exposures and Serological Monitoring Data, 2008-2024.","authors":"Brian T Richardson, Mindy G Elrod, Katherine M DeBord, Caroline A Schrodt, Julie M Thompson, Tina J Benoit, Lindy Liu, Julia K Petras, David Blaney, Jay E Gee, Vit Kraushaar, Danielle Stanek, Katie M Kurkjian, LaToya Griffin-Thomas, W Gina Pang, Kristin Garafalo, Catherine M Brown, Maria Bye, Christina Egan, Maria E Negron, William A Bower, Alex R Hoffmaster, Zachary P Weiner, Caitlin M Cossaboom","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090897","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090897","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is uncommon in the United States (U.S.), leading to delays in pathogen identification and clinical diagnosis which can often lead to laboratory exposures. The indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) is the primary serological test for confirming exposure to B. pseudomallei. In the U.S., a titer of ≥1:40 suggests exposure to B. pseudomallei or a closely related species, and a 4-fold rise in IHA titer ≥1:40 with clinically compatible illness is considered diagnostically probable. A retrospective analysis of 160 voluntarily reported laboratory exposure events to B. pseudomallei across 29 U.S. jurisdictions and 5 countries between 2008-2024 was conducted. This analysis included post-exposure management data and IHA results for 855 exposed laboratory personnel who had serological monitoring performed at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Among exposed laboratory personnel, 105 (12%) had a seropositive titer. Of these, ninety-one (87%) laboratory personnel remained seropositive (≥1:40) at their last IHA test. Five (1%) people had a 4-fold rise in titers, though none developed melioidosis. This report underscores the need for prospective studies to evaluate seropositive laboratory personnel and to update risk guidance for laboratory exposures in non-endemic areas.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Transmission Potential and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions in Maine During the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间缅因州COVID-19传播潜力和非药物干预措施

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090893

Ina Sze-Ting Lee, Sylvia K Ofori, Doyinsola A Babatunde, Emmanuel A Akowuah, Kin On Kwok, Gerardo Chowell, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung

{"title":"COVID-19 Transmission Potential and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions in Maine During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Ina Sze-Ting Lee, Sylvia K Ofori, Doyinsola A Babatunde, Emmanuel A Akowuah, Kin On Kwok, Gerardo Chowell, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090893","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090893","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate regional variation in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and assess associations between public health interventions and the time-varying reproduction number (Rt) across Maine from January 2020 to February 2023. Daily confirmed COVID-19 case counts were adjusted for reporting anomalies and delays using deconvolution. Infection counts were estimated by applying a Poisson-distributed multiplier of 4 to account for underreporting. Rt was estimated using EpiEstim with a 7-day sliding window from January 2020 through February 2023. The analysis of associations between Rt and public health interventions was limited to 2020, concluding just before COVID-19 vaccines became available in Maine in December 2020. EpiEstim was parameterized with an Omicron-specific serial interval distribution (main analysis) and an early-pandemic serial interval distribution (sensitivity analysis). Maine experienced four major COVID-19 waves. Rt values fluctuated but remained close to 1 at both the statewide and district levels. No statistically significant changes in Rt were observed in association with any interventions implemented in 2020. Our findings underscore the challenges of quantifying intervention impacts in rural settings, where low incidence and sparse data can obscure the effects of interventions. This highlights the need for enhanced surveillance tools tailored to the unique constraints of rural public health contexts.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycobacterial Spindle Cell Pseudotumor Presenting as a Pancreatic Head Mass: A Case Report. 分枝杆菌梭形细胞假瘤表现为胰腺头部肿块1例。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090889

Frank A Cusimano, Tara Herrera, Douglas Brust, Elizabeth Montgomery, Sunil Amin, Folusakin Ayoade

{"title":"Mycobacterial Spindle Cell Pseudotumor Presenting as a Pancreatic Head Mass: A Case Report.","authors":"Frank A Cusimano, Tara Herrera, Douglas Brust, Elizabeth Montgomery, Sunil Amin, Folusakin Ayoade","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090889","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090889","url":null,"abstract":"Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumors (MSCPs) are rare lesions characterized by the proliferation of spindle-shaped histiocytes caused by mycobacterial infections. MSCPs have been reported in the lung, lymphatic system, and skin of immunodeficient patients. We present the case of a spindle cell pseudotumor of the pancreas in a 30-year-old male with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which led to biliary stricture, splenomegaly, chronic pancreatitis, portal hypertension, compression of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and ascites. This was the patient's third mycobacterial infection diagnosis. The MSCP was diagnosed via endoscopic biopsy after two prior non-diagnostic biopsies of the pancreatic lesion. Following 18 months of tailored antimycobacterial therapy, the pancreatic mass resolved radiographically with normalization of liver tests and sustained clinical improvement, and there has been no relapse more than 8 months after treatment completion. This case highlights the presentation of an MSCP in a unique anatomic location not previously documented and the challenges encountered with diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Independent Development of Resistance to Main Classes of Anthelmintics by Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Ruminants and Horses. 反刍动物和马胃肠道线虫对主要种类驱虫药耐药性的独立发展。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090898

Jacques Cabaret

{"title":"Independent Development of Resistance to Main Classes of Anthelmintics by Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Ruminants and Horses.","authors":"Jacques Cabaret","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090898","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090898","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to anthelmintics in gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) is highly prevalent, as these parasites have been treated with anthelmintics for decades in ruminants and horses. Anthelmintics belong to different classes, each with a different mode of action. The most used are benzimidazoles and macrocyclic lactones and, to a lesser extent, levamisole and pyrantel in herbivores, as estimated from the literature. Combining these classes should be effective in controlling GIN. However, several farmers' practices tend to promote GIN resistance. Therefore, it is unclear whether the use of anthelmintic associations is a sustainable solution for controlling resistance in natural conditions. It is not easy to establish the association of anthelmintic resistances on farms since rarely several anthelmintics and their combinations are used on a single farm. Composed probability calculations were employed when literature data indicated the presence of resistance (to benzimidazoles, levamisole, or macrocyclic lactones) in several ruminant GIN cases. The efficacy of different anthelmintics (benzimidazoles, pyrantel, or macrocyclic lactones) was evaluated in terms of the correlation between faecal nematode egg counts in horses in the available literature. No associations of anthelmintic resistance were found between the different classes of anthelmintics in either ruminants or horses. However, the association between anthelmintic resistance in GIN may appear in the long term. It is presumed that combining drugs may reduce the development of resistance and allow better control of infection on farms where resistance is already established to a low level.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal Trends and Co-Resistance Patterns of Multidrug-Resistant Enteric Escherichia coli O157 Infections in Humans in the United States. 美国人类肠道多重耐药大肠杆菌O157感染的时空趋势和共耐药模式

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090888

Tarjani Bhatt, Csaba Varga

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends and Co-Resistance Patterns of Multidrug-Resistant Enteric Escherichia coli O157 Infections in Humans in the United States.","authors":"Tarjani Bhatt, Csaba Varga","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090888","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090888","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) is a public health threat. This study analyzed publicly available surveillance data collected by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) to assess temporal and regional differences and co-resistance patterns in MDR STEC O157 human clinical isolates across the United States. Co-resistance patterns were assessed by hierarchical clustering and Phi coefficient network analyses. A negative binomial regression model estimated the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the number of antimicrobial classes to which an isolate was resistant, across years and geographic regions. Out of 1955 isolates, 151 (7.57%) were MDR. The most important clusters were Cluster 1 (n = 1632), which included susceptible isolates, and Cluster 3 (n = 255), comprising the majority of the MDR isolates, having a high resistance prevalence to tetracyclines (TET) (0.97), folate pathway inhibitors (FPI) (0.77), and phenicols (PHN) (0.49). In the co-resistance network, TET, FPI, and PHN served as central hubs, with large nodes and thick edges, suggesting that they are frequently co-selected. The highest IRRs were observed in Regions 6 (IRR = 2.72) and 9 (IRR = 2.00), compared to Region 4. Compared to 2010, a significant increase in the IRR was observed in each year from 2015 to 2021 (IRRs 2.5-4.38). Antimicrobial stewardship programs and public health interventions targeting MDR E. coli O157 are needed to mitigate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influenza D Virus Circulation Among Bovines, Swine, Equines, and Wild Boars in Italy: A Sero-Epidemiological Study. D型流感病毒在意大利牛、猪、马和野猪中的传播：血清流行病学研究。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090891

Alessandro Falsini, Chiara Coppola, Aurora Fiori, Domenico Buonavoglia, Serena Marchi, Emanuele Montomoli, Francesco Pellegrini, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Michele Camero, Claudia Maria Trombetta

{"title":"Influenza D Virus Circulation Among Bovines, Swine, Equines, and Wild Boars in Italy: A Sero-Epidemiological Study.","authors":"Alessandro Falsini, Chiara Coppola, Aurora Fiori, Domenico Buonavoglia, Serena Marchi, Emanuele Montomoli, Francesco Pellegrini, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Michele Camero, Claudia Maria Trombetta","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090891","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090891","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza D virus (IDV), belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, was first discovered in 2011 in pigs. Surveys in humans and animals have been carried out to decipher IDV ecology. In this seroepidemiological study, we investigated the circulation of IDV lineages across Italy in livestock and wildlife animals. A total of 1038 animal serum samples (from 246 bovines, 249 swine, 98 equines, and 445 wild boars) were tested using hemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralization assays. The results confirm bovines as the primary reservoir for IDV, with high seroprevalence for both D/660 (87%) and D/OK (80%) strains. Swine and equines demonstrated limited exposure, suggesting they are infrequent spillover hosts. Notably, wild boars showed high seroprevalence, especially for the D/660 lineage (80%), indicating their potential role in a wildlife transmission cycle. Continuous surveillance in both livestock and wildlife is essential to monitor the spread and evolution of IDV.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region. 巨细胞病毒IgG抗体阳性、IgM抗体阴性孕妇经胎盘传播巨细胞病毒（CMV）的研究

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090894

Jie Tang, Hongxia Wei, Yimin Dai, Yuqian Luo, Yali Hu, Yi-Hua Zhou, Nacheng Lin, Aimin Liu

{"title":"Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region.","authors":"Jie Tang, Hongxia Wei, Yimin Dai, Yuqian Luo, Yali Hu, Yi-Hua Zhou, Nacheng Lin, Aimin Liu","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090894","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090894","url":null,"abstract":"Primary or recurrent infection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in pregnant women may cause transplacental transmission to fetuses. We aimed to investigate the rate of transplacental CMV transmission in women with positive anti-CMV IgG and negative anti-CMV IgM and its impact on newborns. Pregnant women with positive anti-CMV IgG and negative anti-CMV IgM during the first or second trimester who delivered by Cesarean section were included. Amniotic fluid collected during the Cesarean section was tested for CMV DNA with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. CMV IgG and IgM were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 695 pregnant women were enrolled between April 2019 and February 2023. Of them, 567 (81.6%) were single pregnancies and 128 (18.4%) were twin pregnancies, and 594 (85.5%) were full-term pregnancies and 101 (14.5%) were premature pregnancies. Of the 823 newborns, 7 (0.9%) were CMV DNA positive in amniotic fluid, demonstrating the transplacental CMV transmission. One of these seven neonates was diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction at gestation week 25+1 and at birth at a gestational age of 30+2 weeks. However, all seven children had normal hearing, vision, and neurodevelopment at the age of 18-56 months. Transplacental CMV transmission may occur in offspring of pregnant women with positive anti-CMV IgG and negative anti-CMV IgM, but the long-term sequelae appear to be minimal.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-Rickettsial Activity of Chitosan, Selenium, and Silver Nanoparticles: Efficacy in Vero Cells. 壳聚糖、硒和纳米银在Vero细胞中的抗立克次体活性。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14090885

Yevheniy-Yuliy Peresh, Zdenko Špitalský, Mohamed Shaalan, Eva Špitalská

{"title":"Anti-Rickettsial Activity of Chitosan, Selenium, and Silver Nanoparticles: Efficacy in Vero Cells.","authors":"Yevheniy-Yuliy Peresh, Zdenko Špitalský, Mohamed Shaalan, Eva Špitalská","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14090885","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14090885","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles have emerged as innovative tools for combating bacterial infections, offering a potential solution to antibiotic resistance and the limitations of conventional antimicrobials. Nanoparticles exhibit antibacterial activity through multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress induction, metal ion release, direct membrane damage, disruption of DNA and proteins, and indirect immune system enhancement. Rickettsia helvetica, R. monacensis, R. slovaca, and R. conorii subsp. raoultii are tick-borne pathogens transmitted by Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor reticulatus, and D. marginatus ticks across Europe causing spotted fever rickettsiosis. While rickettsioses are successfully treated with antibiotics, resistance of rickettsiae to antimicrobial therapy has been reported. Here, we evaluated the anti-rickettsial activity of silver (AgNPs), selenium (SeNPs), and chitosan (CSNPs) nanoparticles against R. conorii subsp. caspia, a tick-borne bacterial pathogen, in African green monkey kidney cell line (Vero). At their highest non-cytotoxic concentrations, CSNPs exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect (87%). SeNPs also significantly reduced bacterial load (76%), although their efficacy was constrained by cytotoxicity at higher doses. In contrast, AgNPs did not show significant activity under the tested conditions. The differences observed among nanoparticles reflect both the antimicrobial properties and host cell tolerance limits. These findings highlight CSNPs and SeNPs as promising candidates for further development of nanoparticle-based strategies to combat intracellular, tick-borne pathogens.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0