Pediatric Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Rebound of pediatric idiopathic ileocolic intussusception following the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal follow-up study.","authors":"Atsuhiko Handa, Lina Lu, Michael Callahan, Andy Tsai","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06810-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06810-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with a marked decline in pediatric idiopathic ileocolic intussusception, consistent with the well-known role of infection in this condition. Whether intussusception rates have rebounded following the lifting of pandemic-related restrictions remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether the rate of pediatric idiopathic ileocolic intussusception returned to pre-pandemic levels after the relaxation of social distancing measures, using hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) as a control.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed air contrast enemas performed for idiopathic ileocolic intussusception at a single tertiary pediatric center from April 2016 through March 2026. Cases were categorized as pre-pandemic (April 2016-March 2020), pandemic (April 2020-March 2021), and post-pandemic (April 2022-March 2026). The 2021-2022 transitional year was excluded because the regional state of emergency ended during that interval, limiting its interpretability. Annualized case counts were compared across the prespecified periods using an exact conditional Poisson test with Garwood 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pre-pandemic period, idiopathic ileocolic intussusception occurred at a mean of 31.5 cases/year (95% CI 26.2-37.5). During the pandemic, the rate decreased to a mean of 11 cases/year (95% CI 5.5-19.7), a 65% decrease (P<0.001). During the post-pandemic period, the mean rate was 38.5 cases/year (95% CI 32.7-45.1), a 250% increase relative to the pandemic period (P<0.001), and was not significantly different from the pre-pandemic rate (P=0.11), indicating a return to baseline. In contrast, HPS rates were 46.8 cases/year pre-pandemic (95% CI 40.3-54.0), 43 cases/year during the pandemic (95% CI 31.1-57.9), and 33.5 cases/year post-pandemic (95% CI 28.1-39.7), with no significant change from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period (P=0.68) or from the pandemic to the post-pandemic period (P=0.16). A modest decline was observed when the post-pandemic period was compared to the pre-pandemic period (P=0.004). Across the study, the intussusception cohort comprised 126 male and 61 female patients (mean age 1.94 years, range 0.13-8 years) and the HPS cohort 140 male and 31 female patients (mean age 0.11 years, range 0.03-0.25 years).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Idiopathic ileocolic intussusception demonstrated a statistically significant decline during the COVID-19 pandemic and rebounded to baseline in the post-pandemic period. The decline and subsequent recovery of intussusception temporally coincided with the imposition and relaxation of social distancing measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the reliability of non-contrast 4D flow in congenital heart disease at 1.5T.","authors":"Nicholas K Brown, Erin K Romberg, Christopher Schmitt, Nelangi M Pinto, Waylon Howard, Joshua D Robinson, Brian Soriano, Sujatha Buddhe","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06787-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06787-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>4D flow has been shown to correlate well with 2D phase-contrast (2D PC) flow measurements, although most of the current literature is based on post-contrast imaging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Given recent interest in non-contrast techniques, we hypothesized that non-contrast 4D flow (NC 4D Flow) would correlate well with 2D PC and ventricular stroke volumes.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>A prospective cohort of pediatric and young adult patients with suspected/confirmed congenital heart disease (CHD) underwent cardiac MRI at 1.5T with acquisition of NC 4D Flow and 2D PC. Pearson correlation, linear mixed-effect correlations, and Bland-Altman comparisons were performed to compare these methods with secondary analyses of internal consistency and image quality/noise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our cohort of 30 patients (age, 8-20 years), NC 4D Flow correlated strongly with 2D PC for net flow (r=0.76), peak velocity (r=0.9, P<0.001), and regurgitant fraction (r=0.75, P<0.001). By Bland-Altman comparison, NC 4D Flow was 10.1% lower for net flows and 18.9% higher for peak velocity compared to 2D PC. NC 4D Flow also slightly underestimated ventricular stroke volumes (18.1% lower for ascending aorta vs. left ventricular stroke volume and 13.9% lower for main pulmonary artery vs. right ventricular stroke volume). Both datasets were internally consistent; 2D PC had a higher relative signal intensity, but no difference in signal-to-noise or contrast-to-noise ratios (SNR/CNR).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-contrast 4D flow correlates well with 2D PC in CHD with a slight underestimation in flows and overestimation in peak velocities, but good internal consistency and comparable SNR/CNR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal Ewing sarcoma with hard-palate erosion.","authors":"Hao Zhu, Fangansheng Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06808-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06808-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Bilateral infantile acromion fractures in the setting of congenital glenoid dysplasia.","authors":"Molly Crosswell, Kelley Marshall Johnson, Amanda Small, Kenneth W Martin, Mary-Fran R Crosswell","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06802-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06802-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a rare case of a 5-week-old male who presented with isolated acromion fractures occurring bilaterally 10 days apart. As scapular fractures are a high-specificity fracture for abusive injury, these findings were concerning for child abuse. The patient was later diagnosed with congenital glenoid dysplasia. Given this diagnosis with an otherwise normal medical evaluation for physical abuse, this case was deemed indeterminate for abusive injury. The multidisciplinary team consensus was that the injuries were likely fractures resulting from restriction of normal range of glenohumeral motion caused by his glenoid deformity. Literature on congenital glenoid dysplasia is limited in the pediatric population. This case highlights the need for further investigation into early presentations of congenital glenoid dysplasia and its association with acromion fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xenon-129 ventilation imaging in pediatric bronchiolitis obliterans patient.","authors":"Tyler Obermark, Kathryn Donohoe, Elizabeth Kramer, Laura Walkup, Cara Morin","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06799-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06799-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial injury of the triradiate cartilage following low-energy trauma.","authors":"Souhir Abidi, Lea Kaadi, Anthony De Leeuw, Anne Cotten, Damien Fron, Nathalie Boutry","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06798-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06798-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute traumatic injuries of the triradiate cartilage are very rare in children and usually result from high-energy trauma associated with other pelvic injuries. Only two sports-related cases of complete injuries of the triradiate cartilage have been reported to date.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We herein describe the first case of a partial injury of the triradiate cartilage in a 14-year-old athlete. The patient presented with sudden-onset hip pain and moderate functional impairment. The fracture was confined to the ilioischial synchondrosis, while the remaining triradiate cartilage and the contralateral side were fused. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested the diagnosis, which was confirmed by a computed tomography (CT) scanner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of carefully evaluating the triradiate cartilage on imaging in young athletes with sudden-onset hip pain, even when the triradiate cartilage remains partially open unilaterally.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond overall accuracy: Does an artificial intelligence model detect the neonatal pneumothoraces that matter most? Reply to Sanmoto et al.","authors":"Didem Tatar, Ercan Yılmaz, Nezihe Köker Özer","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06805-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06805-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges with the PRETEXT staging system: a SIOPEL Radiology Group position paper.","authors":"Siri Margrete Hugo Lohne, Hanna Hebelka, Jip Frederik Prince, Anneloes Elisabeth Bohte, Annemieke Simone Littooij, Charlotte de Lange, Annamaria Deganello, Silvia Costa Dias, Greg Chambers, Seema Toso, Céline Habre, Erika Pace, Stéphanie Franchi-Abella, Helen Woodley, Simon P McGuirk","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06786-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06786-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The PRETreatment EXTent of disease (PRETEXT) staging system is widely used in malignant pediatric liver tumors; however, significant challenges associated with this system remain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe challenges and limitations of the current PRETEXT system and propose potential strategies to mitigate them, from the European (SIOPEL) perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Expert insights from the SIOPEL Radiology Group, derived from both clinical and research experience, have been integrated into a position paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key limitations include acquisition and inter-observer variability, definitional ambiguity for PRETEXT group and annotation factors, lack of structured reporting, gaps in surgical integration, and POST-Treatment EXTent of disease (POSTTEXT)-related pitfalls. Proposed strategies to address PRETEXT challenges include broader implementation of standardized imaging protocols and structured reporting, multidisciplinary integration, central review, definition refinement, and emerging technologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing these challenges may improve diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and clinical decision-making in pediatric patients with malignant liver tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat-containing liver lesions expanding the magnetic resonance imaging signature of hepatoblastoma.","authors":"Gozde Ozer, Burak Dalkıran, H Nursun Ozcan, Diclehan Orhan, Berna Oguz, Mithat Haliloglu","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06698-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06698-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fat-containing liver lesions have been widely discussed in the radiology literature and include various benign and malignant lesions. However, data on the presence and imaging characteristics of intralesional fat in hepatoblastoma remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the presence of intralesional fat in hepatoblastoma using dual-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to correlate imaging findings with histopathology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 22 pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma who underwent pretreatment MRI with a dual-echo gradient-recalled echo sequence. Qualitative visual assessment and semiquantitative analysis using region-of-interest (ROI) measurement were performed to evaluate intralesional fat. Histopathology was accepted as the reference standard for fat detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two patients (8 girls, 14 boys; median age, 11.5 months; range, 3-192 months) with pretreatment dual-echo MRI were included. Histopathologic evaluation demonstrated intratumoral fat in 10 of 22 tumors (45%). On MRI, intralesional fat was detected in eight lesions. Six lesions showed both histopathologic fat and signal loss on dual-echo MRI, whereas four lesions had histopathologic fat without detectable signal loss (< 1%). Two lesions demonstrated signal loss on MRI despite the absence of histopathologic fat. Using histopathology as the reference standard, MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 83.3% with an overall accuracy of 72.7% for detecting intratumoral fat in hepatoblastoma. Interobserver agreement for the four-level visual fat score was substantial (weighted Cohen's κ=0.789).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intralesional fat can be present in hepatoblastoma and may be detected on MRI, expanding the recognized imaging features of this tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2491-2497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing a chest CT interstitial lung disease scoring system for commonly encountered pediatric rheumatologic diseases with associated interstitial lung disease with clinical correlation.","authors":"HaiThuy N Nguyen, Terry Robinson, Beverley Newman, Natalie A Mahieu, Paul G Thacker, Paul Iskander, Evan Zucker, Tzielan C Lee, Rajdeep Pooni, Joyce Hsu, Lu Tian, Michal Cidon, Rex A Moats","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06685-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06685-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chest CT is useful for early detection and monitoring of rheumatologic-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) in children. However, interpretation is inconsistent and lacks standardization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study employs prior disease-specific CT scoring systems to systematically assess most rheumatologic diseases with ILD in pediatric patients and correlate scores with clinical findings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients (ages 0-21 years) with rheumatologic-related ILD and chest CT. Two pediatric radiologists determined CT quality and separated patients into disease and disease control groups. Three different blinded pediatric radiologists scored CT scans using this Pediatric Rheumatologic Interstitial Lung Disease (PRILD) scoring system, comprising of parenchymal, nodule/mass/cavitary/cyst, and pleural/pericardial components (total score, 125). Clinical data were extracted from medical records. Non-parametric tests were used for group comparisons, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interobserver agreement, and Spearman's correlation for CT and pulmonary function relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age was 13.8 years and 84% were female. The disease group had statistically significant higher median total PRILD scores than the disease control group (7.3 vs. 1.7, P<0.001) and a higher percent active rheumatologic disease (93% vs 78%, P=0.039). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding age, sex, rheumatologic disease type, disease duration, or pulmonary symptoms. Interrater agreement was poor; ICC was 0.41. When both groups were combined, there were weak negative correlations with pulmonary function tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PRILD scoring system aids in systematic evaluation of thoracic involvement in rheumatologic-related ILD. However, further refinement and education are needed to improve interrater agreement, and given the rare nature of these diseases, a multicenter collaboration is necessary for validation of this CT scoring system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2446-2458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}