{"title":"The predictive utility of cytokines, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein among febrile pediatric hematology and oncology patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.","authors":"Shu-Peng Lin, Xiao-Jun Xu, Chan Liao, Ning Zhao, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Hua Song, Wei-Qun Xu, Juan Liang, Di-Ying Shen, Jing-Ying Zhang, He-Ping Shen, Fen-Ying Zhao, Yong-Min Tang","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2233567","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2233567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe sepsis and septic shock are life-threatening for pediatric hematology and oncology patient receiving chemotherapy. Th1/Th2 cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) are all thought to be associated with disease severity. The aim of this study was to prospectively verify the utility of Th1/Th2 cytokines and compare them with PCT and CRP in the prediction of adverse outcomes. Data on patients were collected from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020. Blood samples were taken for Th1/Th2 cytokine, CRP, and PCT measurements at the initial onset of infection. Severe infection (SI) was defined as severe sepsis or septic shock. Th1/Th2 cytokine levels were determined by using flow cytometric bead array technology. In total, 7,735 febrile episodes were included in this study. For SI prediction, the AUCs of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were 0.814, 0.805 and 0.624, respectively, while IL-6 and IL-10 had high sensitivity and specificity. IL-6 > 220.85 pg/ml and IL-10 > 29.95 pg/ml had high odds ratio (OR) values of approximately 3.5 in the logistic regression. Within the subgroup analysis, for bloodstream infection (BSI) prediction, the AUCs of IL-10 and TNF-α were 0.757 and 0.694, respectively. For multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) prediction, the AUC of CRP was 0.606. The AUC of PCT for mortality prediction was 0.620. In conclusion, IL-6 and IL-10 provide good predictive value for the diagnosis of SI. For children with SI, IL-10 and TNF-α are associated with BSI, while CRP and PCT are associated with MODS and death, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9779608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endoscopic findings and predictors of gastrointestinal lesions in children with iron deficiency anemia.","authors":"Hyun Jin Kim, Yeon Jung Lim","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2261986","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2261986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) can be caused by occult gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss; however, the endoscopic findings in children with anemia are unclear. The study aimed to determine the frequency and factors related to lesions in children with IDA undergoing endoscopy. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and endoscopic findings of children with a laboratory-based diagnosis of IDA. Of 58 patients, 36 (62.1%) had upper GI tract lesions, with erosive gastritis being the most common lesion. Further, 26 patients underwent concomitant colonoscopy, and 12 (46.2%) had lower GI tract lesions. Overall, 44 (75.9%) patients had lesions in either the upper or lower GI tract. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection was detected in 13 patients (22.4%). Patients with lesions found by endoscopy had significantly lower hemoglobin level (8.9 <i>vs.</i> 10.0 g/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.047) and mean corpuscular volume (75.5 <i>vs.</i> 80.9 fL, <i>p</i> = 0.038). The proportion of patients with previous treatment for IDA was also higher in those with lesions on endoscopy. In multivariate analysis, age of ≥10 years (odds ratio [OR], 6.00; 95% confidence Interval [CI], 0.56-10.75) and positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT) findings (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 0.14-4.52) were factors related to GI lesions. The presence of GI symptoms was not associated with GI lesions. A high proportion of GI lesions were found by endoscopy in children with IDA in this study. Endoscopy should be considered in children with IDA even without GI symptoms, especially in older children, and those with positive FOBT results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"114-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41145722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety of Procalcitonin Guided Early Discontinuation of Antibiotic Therapy among Children Receiving Cancer Chemotherapy and Having Low-Risk Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Feasibility Trial (ProFenC Study).","authors":"Prasanth Srinivasan, Jagdish Prasad Meena, Aditya Kumar Gupta, Ashutosh Halder, Arti Kapil, Ravindra Mohan Pandey, Rachna Seth","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2249940","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2249940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In low-risk febrile neutropenia (LR-FN), the safety of early discontinuation of empiric antibiotics without marrow recovery is not well established. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of procalcitonin (PCT) guided early discontinuation of antibiotics in LR-FN. In this trial, children with LR-FN with an afebrile period of at least 24 h, sterile blood culture, and negative/normalized PCT were randomized at 72 h of starting antibiotics into two groups: intervention arm and standard arm. The antibiotics were stopped in the intervention arm regardless of absolute neutrophil count (ANC), while in the standard arm, antibiotics were continued for at least 7 days or until recovery of ANC (>500/mm<sup>3</sup>). The primary objective was to determine the treatment failure rates, and the secondary objective was to compare the duration of antibiotics and all-cause mortality between the two arms. A total of 46 children with LR-FN were randomized to either the intervention arm (<i>n</i> = 23) or the standard arm (<i>n</i> = 23). Treatment failure was observed in 2/23 (8.7%) of patients in the intervention arm compared to 1/23 (4.3%) in the standard arm [RR: 2 (95% CI: 0.19-20.6); <i>p</i> = 0.55]. The median duration of antibiotics in the intervention arm and standard arm were 3 days vs 7 days (<i>P</i>= <0.001). There was no mortality in this study. PCT-guided early discontinuation of empirical antibiotics in LR-FN is feasible. There was no significant difference observed in treatment failure between the early discontinuation of antibiotics vs standard therapy. The total duration of antibiotic exposure was significantly lesser in the discontinuation arm. Further, larger multicenter studies are needed to confirm the finding of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"89-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10185770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nermeen R Al-Zayan, Mohammed J Ashour, Hadeer N Abuwarda, Fadel A Sharif
{"title":"<i>ARID5B</i>, <i>IKZF1</i>, <i>GATA3</i>, <i>CEBPE</i>, and <i>CDKN2A</i> germline polymorphisms and predisposition to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"Nermeen R Al-Zayan, Mohammed J Ashour, Hadeer N Abuwarda, Fadel A Sharif","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2234946","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2234946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent type of pediatric cancer. Germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including <i>ARID5B</i> (rs10821936 T/C), <i>IKZF1</i> (rs4132601 T/G), <i>GATA3</i> (rs3824662 G/T), <i>CEBPE</i> (rs2239633 G/A), and <i>CDKN2A</i> (rs3731217 A/C) have been linked to pediatric ALL in different populations. Hitherto, no previous studies have tested the relationship between these SNPs and pediatric ALL in Gaza strip. Therefore, we investigated the association between these polymorphisms and the occurrence of childhood ALL in this part of Palestine. This case-control study recruited 100 healthy controls and 78 ALL patients. Allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) technique was used for SNPs genotyping. Relevant statistical tests were used and the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) approach was applied in the analysis of gene-gene interactions. Minor alleles of <i>ARID5B</i> rs10821936 T/C (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and <i>IKZF1</i> rs4132601 T/G (<i>p</i> = 0.045) were significantly higher in ALL patients. The homozygous (TT) genotype of <i>GATA3</i> rs3824662 G/T (<i>p</i> = 0.038), (CC) of <i>ARID5B</i> rs10821936 T/C (<i>p</i> = 0.008), and (AC and CC) genotypes of <i>CDKN2A</i> rs3731217 A/C (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) were significantly higher in ALL cases. On MDR analysis, the best model for ALL risk was the five-factor model combination of the examined SNPs (CVC = 10/10; TBA = 0.632; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). This work demonstrates the association of <i>ARID5B</i> rs10821936 T/C, <i>IKZF1</i> rs4132601 T/G, <i>GATA3</i> rs3824662 G/T, and <i>CDKN2A</i> rs3731217 A/C polymorphisms with increased risk of pediatric ALL among a patient cohort from Gaza Strip. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed in order to confirm these findings and test the value of these SNPs in prognosis and treatment sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9988459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Villanueva, Jennifer Lowe, Nicolás Tentoni, Ankit Taluja, Milena Villarroel, Carlos E Narváez, Sandra Alarcón León, Diana L Valencia Libreros, Natalia Gonzalez Suárez, Torben S Mikkelsen, Scott C Howard
{"title":"Access to Methotrexate Monitoring in Latin America: A Multicountry Survey of Supportive Care Capacity.","authors":"Gabriela Villanueva, Jennifer Lowe, Nicolás Tentoni, Ankit Taluja, Milena Villarroel, Carlos E Narváez, Sandra Alarcón León, Diana L Valencia Libreros, Natalia Gonzalez Suárez, Torben S Mikkelsen, Scott C Howard","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2271013","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2271013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is used to treat a broad spectrum of cancers. Methotrexate (MTX) monitoring and adequate supportive care are critical for safe drug administration; however, MTX level timing is not always possible in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate HDMTX supportive care capacity and MTX monitoring practices in Latin America (LATAM) to identify gaps and opportunities for improvement. A multicenter survey was conducted among LATAM pediatric oncologists. Twenty healthcare providers from 20 institutions answered the online questionnaire. HDMTX was used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 100%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (84.2%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (47.4%), osteosarcoma (78.9%), and medulloblastoma (31.6%). Delays in starting HDMTX infusion were related to bed shortages (47.4%) and MTX shortages (21.1%). MTX monitoring was performed at an in-hospital laboratory in 52%, at an external/nearby laboratory in 31.6%, and was not available in 10.5%. Median interval between sampling and obtaining MTX levels was ≤ 2 h in 45% and ≥ 6 h in 30%, related to laboratory location. Sites without access to MTX monitoring reduced the MTX dose for patients with high-risk ALL or did not include MTX in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma. Respondents reported that implementation of point-of-care testing of MTX levels is feasible. In LATAM, highly variable supportive care capacity may affect the safe administration of MTX doses. Improving accessibility of MTX monitoring and the speed of obtaining results should be prioritized to allow delivery of full doses of MTX required by the current protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"135-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49691823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Panagiotis Tsarouhas, Melissa Stalling, Carmen Julius, Jeffrey Hord
{"title":"An unusual case of primary cold agglutinin-associated lymphoproliferative disease in an adolescent female.","authors":"Panagiotis Tsarouhas, Melissa Stalling, Carmen Julius, Jeffrey Hord","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2166633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2166633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aude Givone, Jean Duval-Destin, Mathilde Delebarre, Wadih Abou-Chahla, Cyril Lervat, François Dubos
{"title":"Consensus survey on the management of children with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia and at low risk of severe infection.","authors":"Aude Givone, Jean Duval-Destin, Mathilde Delebarre, Wadih Abou-Chahla, Cyril Lervat, François Dubos","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2218406","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2218406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim was to identify national consensus criteria for the management of children with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN), for evidence-based step-down treatment approaches for patients classified at low risk of severe infection. In 2018, a five-section, 38-item survey was e-mailed to all pediatric hematology and oncology units in France (<i>n</i> = 30). The five sections contained statements on possible consensus criteria for the (i) definition of FN, (ii) initial management of children with FN, (iii) conditions required for initiating step-down therapy in low-risk patients, (iv) management strategy for low-risk patients, and (v) antibiotic treatment on discharge. Consensus was defined by respondents' combined answers (somewhat agree and strongly agree) at 75% or more. Sixty-five physicians (participation rate: 58%), all specialists in pediatric onco-hematology, from 18 centers completed the questionnaire. A consensus was reached on 22 of the 38 statements, including the definition of FN, the criteria for step-down therapy in low-risk children, and the initial care of these patients. There was no consensus on the type and duration of antibiotic therapy on discharge. In conclusion, a consensus has been reached on the criteria for initiating evidence-based step-down treatment of children with FN and a low risk of severe infection but not for the step-down antimicrobial regimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"172-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maíse Moreira Dias, Ricardo Mesquita Camelo, Laura Peixoto de Magalhães, Letícia Lemos Jardim, Andrea Gonçalves de Oliveira, Rosângela de Albuquerque Ribeiro, Vivian Karla Brognoli Franco, Fábia Michelle Rodrigues de Araújo Callado, Cláudia Santos Lorenzato, Suely Meireles Rezende
{"title":"Changing recombinant factor VIII to plasma-derived factor VIII during immune tolerance induction.","authors":"Maíse Moreira Dias, Ricardo Mesquita Camelo, Laura Peixoto de Magalhães, Letícia Lemos Jardim, Andrea Gonçalves de Oliveira, Rosângela de Albuquerque Ribeiro, Vivian Karla Brognoli Franco, Fábia Michelle Rodrigues de Araújo Callado, Cláudia Santos Lorenzato, Suely Meireles Rezende","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2182853","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2182853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"74-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10769609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pardis Nematollahi, Sina Arabi, Marjan Mansourian, Saeed Yousefian, Alireza Moafi, Sayed Nassereddin Mostafavi, Amirmansour Alavi Naeini, Afshin Ebrahimi, Karim Ebrahimpour, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Aryan Kavosh, Shirin Mahmoudi Kohi, Roya Kelishadi
{"title":"Potential role of serum vitamin D as a risk factor in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"Pardis Nematollahi, Sina Arabi, Marjan Mansourian, Saeed Yousefian, Alireza Moafi, Sayed Nassereddin Mostafavi, Amirmansour Alavi Naeini, Afshin Ebrahimi, Karim Ebrahimpour, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Aryan Kavosh, Shirin Mahmoudi Kohi, Roya Kelishadi","doi":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2202687","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08880018.2023.2202687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (VDD, VDI) is common in children yet limited experience exists on the association of VDD and hematologic malignancies amongst this population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare serum vitamin D levels in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and controls. Moreover, vitamin D levels is compared in subjects with and without relapse and evaluated as a prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (RFS). Children with newly diagnosed ALL were recruited as case group. Data on demographic variables as well as the dietary habits were collected by interview. In addition, serum 25(OH)D3 was measured. The case group was followed up for 36 months to assess RFS. Overall, 358 subjects were included in the study (<i>n</i> = 169 cases, <i>n</i> = 189 controls). The mean levels of 25(OH)D3 were 28.05 ± 18.87 and 28.76 ± 12.99 in cases and controls, respectively (<i>p</i> = .68). VDD was found in 15.4% (<i>n</i> = 26) and 4.2% (<i>n</i> = 8) of the case and control groups, respectively (<i>p</i> < .001). Relapse was seen in 18.34% of patients and vitamin D levels of 20 ng/mL or above were associated with longer RFS (<i>p</i> = .044 by log-rank test). In this study, VDD and VDI amongst children with ALL were significantly higher than controls. In addition, lower levels of Vitamin D were associated with increased risk of relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":19746,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9847195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}