New Astronomy Reviews最新文献_第8页

New Astronomy Reviews special issue: History of Kepler’s major exoplanet “firsts” 《新天文学评论》特刊:开普勒主要系外行星“第一颗”的历史

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.002

Jack J. Lissauer , Joann Eisberg

引用次数: 0

The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems 开普勒多行行星系统的发现和遗产

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001

Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer

{"title":"The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems","authors":"Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We revisit the discovery and implications of the first candidate systems to contain multiple transiting exoplanets. These systems were discovered using data from the Kepler space telescope. The initial paper, presenting five systems (Steffen et al., 2010a), was posted online at the time the project released the first catalog of Kepler planet candidates. The first extensive analysis of the observed population of multis was presented in a follow-up paper published the following year (Lissauer et al., 2011b). Multiply-transiting systems allow us to answer a variety of important questions related to the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. These two papers addressed a wide array of topics including: the distribution of orbital period ratios, planet size ratios, system architectures, mean-motion resonance, orbital eccentricities, planet validation and confirmation, and the identification of different planet populations. They set the stage for many subsequent, detailed studies by other groups. Intensive studies of individual multiplanet systems provided some of Kepler’s most important exoplanet discoveries. As we examine the scientific impact of the first of these systems, we also present some history of the people and circumstances surrounding their discoveries.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 49-60"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78303391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Kepler-62f: Kepler's first small planet in the habitable zone, but is it real? 开普勒-62f:开普勒发现的第一颗位于宜居带的小行星，但它是真的吗?

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002

William Borucki , Susan E. Thompson , Eric Agol , Christina Hedges

{"title":"Kepler-62f: Kepler's first small planet in the habitable zone, but is it real?","authors":"William Borucki , Susan E. Thompson , Eric Agol , Christina Hedges","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kepler-62f is the first exoplanet small enough to plausibly have a rocky composition orbiting within the habitable zone (HZ) discovered by the Kepler Mission. The planet is 1.4 times the size of the Earth and has an orbital period of 267 days. At the time of its discovery, it had the longest period of any small planet in the habitable zone of a multi-planet system. Because of its long period, only four transits were observed during Kepler's interval of observations. It was initially missed by the Kepler pipeline, but the first three transits were identified by an independent search by Eric Agol, and it was identified as a planet candidate in subsequent Kepler catalogs. However in the latest catalog of exoplanets (Thompson et al., 2018), it is labeled as a false positive. Recent exoplanet catalogues have evolved from subjective classification to automatic classifications of planet candidates by algorithms (such as ‘Robovetter’). While exceptionally useful for producing a uniform catalogue, these algorithms sometimes misclassify planet candidates as a false positive, as is the case of Kepler-62f. In particularly valuable cases, i.e., when a small planet has been found orbiting in the habitable zone (HZ), it is important to conduct comprehensive analyses of the data and classification protocols to provide the best estimate of the true status of the detection. In this paper we conduct such analyses and show that Kepler-62f is a true planet and not a false positive. The table of stellar and planet properties has been updated based on GAIA results.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90925261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Kepler-9: The first multi-transiting system and the first transit timing variations 开普勒-9:第一个多凌日系统和第一个凌日时间变化

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003

Darin Ragozzine , Matthew J. Holman

{"title":"Kepler-9: The first multi-transiting system and the first transit timing variations","authors":"Darin Ragozzine , Matthew J. Holman","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kepler-9, discovered by Holman et al. (2010), was the first system with multiple confirmed transiting planets and the first system to clearly show long-anticipated transit timing variations (TTVs). It was the first major novel exoplanet discovery of the Kepler Space Telescope mission. The Kepler pipeline identified two Saturn-radius candidates (called Kepler Objects of Interest or KOIs): KOI-377.01 with a 19-day period and KOI-377.02 with a 39-day period. Even with only 9 transits for KOI-377.01 and 6 of KOI-377.02, the transit times were completely inconsistent with a linear ephemeris and showed strongly anti-correlated variations in transit times. Holman et al. (2010) were able to readily show that these objects were planetary mass, confirming them as bona fide planets Kepler-9b and Kepler-9c. As a multi-transiting system exhibiting strong TTVs, the relative planetary properties (e.g., mass ratio, radius ratio) were strongly constrained, opening a new chapter in comparative planetology. KOI-377.03, a small planet with a 1.5-day period, was not initially discovered by the Kepler pipeline, but was identified during the analysis of the other planets and was later confirmed as Kepler-9d through the BLENDER technique by Torres et al. 2011. Holman et al. (2010) included significant dynamical analysis to characterize Kepler-9’s particular TTVs: planets near resonance show large amplitude anti-correlated TTVs with a period corresponding to the rotation of the line of conjunctions and an additional “chopping” signal due to the changing positions of the planets. We review the historical circumstances behind the discovery and characterization of these planets and the publication of Holman et al. (2010). We also review the updated properties of this system and propose ideas for future investigations.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88232398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Synthetic observations of star formation and the interstellar medium 恒星形成和星际介质的综合观测

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.06.001

Thomas J. Haworth , Simon C.O. Glover , Christine M. Koepferl , Thomas G. Bisbas , James E. Dale

引用次数: 24

The terrestrial record of Late Heavy Bombardment 晚期重轰炸的陆地记录

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.002

Donald R. Lowe , Gary R. Byerly

{"title":"The terrestrial record of Late Heavy Bombardment","authors":"Donald R. Lowe , Gary R. Byerly","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Until recently, the known impact record of the early Solar System lay exclusively on the surfaces of the Moon, Mars, and other bodies where it has not been erased by later weathering, erosion, impact gardening, and/or tectonism. Study of the cratered surfaces of these bodies led to the concept of the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), an interval from about 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago (Ga) during which the surfaces of the planets and moons in the inner Solar System were subject to unusually high rates of bombardment followed by a decline to present low impact rates by about 3.5 Ga. Over the past 30 years, however, it has become apparent that there is a terrestrial record of large impacts from at least 3.47 to 3.22 Ga and from 2.63 to 2.49 Ga. The present paper explores the earlier of these impact records, providing details about the nature of the 8 known ejecta layers that constitute the evidence for large terrestrial impacts during the earlier of these intervals, the inferred size of the impactors, and the potential effects of these impacts on crustal development and life. The existence of this record implies that LHB did not end abruptly at 3.8–3.7 Ga but rather that high impact rates, either continuous or as impact clusters, persisted until at least the close of the Archean at 2.5 Ga. It implies that the shift from external, impact-related controls on the long-term development of the surface system on the Earth to more internal, geodynamic controls may have occurred much later in geologic history than has been supposed previously.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 39-61"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81357292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Star clusters in evolving galaxies 演化星系中的星团

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.001

Florent Renaud

{"title":"Star clusters in evolving galaxies","authors":"Florent Renaud","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Their ubiquity and extreme densities make star clusters probes of prime importance of galaxy evolution. Old globular clusters keep imprints of the physical conditions of their assembly in the early Universe, and younger stellar objects, observationally resolved, tell us about the mechanisms at stake in their formation. Yet, we still do not understand the diversity involved: why is star cluster formation limited to 105M⊙ objects in the Milky Way, while some dwarf galaxies like NGC 1705 are able to produce clusters 10 times more massive? Why do dwarfs generally host a higher specific frequency of clusters than larger galaxies? How to connect the present-day, often resolved, stellar systems to the formation of globular clusters at high redshift? And how do these links depend on the galactic and cosmological environments of these clusters? In this review, I present recent advances on star cluster formation and evolution, in galactic and cosmological context. The emphasis is put on the theory, formation scenarios and the effects of the environment on the evolution of the global properties of clusters. A few open questions are identified.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"81 ","pages":"Pages 1-38"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2018.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82214151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

The State-of-Play of Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) research 异常微波发射(AME)研究现状

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.02.001

Clive Dickinson , Y. Ali-Haïmoud , A. Barr , E.S. Battistelli , A. Bell , L. Bernstein , S. Casassus , K. Cleary , B.T. Draine , R. Génova-Santos , S.E. Harper , B. Hensley , J. Hill-Valler , Thiem Hoang , F.P. Israel , L. Jew , A. Lazarian , J.P. Leahy , J. Leech , C.H. López-Caraballo , Matias Vidal

{"title":"The State-of-Play of Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) research","authors":"Clive Dickinson , Y. Ali-Haïmoud , A. Barr , E.S. Battistelli , A. Bell , L. Bernstein , S. Casassus , K. Cleary , B.T. Draine , R. Génova-Santos , S.E. Harper , B. Hensley , J. Hill-Valler , Thiem Hoang , F.P. Israel , L. Jew , A. Lazarian , J.P. Leahy , J. Leech , C.H. López-Caraballo , Matias Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2018.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) is a component of diffuse Galactic radiation observed at frequencies in the range  ≈ 10–60 GHz. AME was first detected in 1996 and recognised as an additional component of emission in 1997. Since then, AME has been observed by a range of experiments and in a variety of environments. AME is spatially correlated with far-IR thermal dust emission but cannot be explained by synchrotron or free–free emission mechanisms, and is far in excess of the emission contributed by thermal dust emission with the power-law opacity consistent with the observed emission at sub-mm wavelengths. Polarization observations have shown that AME is very weakly polarized ( ≲ 1 %). The most natural explanation for AME is rotational emission from ultra-small dust grains (“spinning dust”), first postulated in 1957. Magnetic dipole radiation from thermal fluctuations in the magnetization of magnetic grain materials may also be contributing to the AME, particularly at higher frequencies ( ≳ 50 GHz). AME is also an important foreground for Cosmic Microwave Background analyses. This paper presents a review and the current state-of-play in AME research, which was discussed in an AME workshop held at ESTEC, The Netherlands, June 2016.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2018.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78784306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

The Chandra deep fields: Lifting the veil on distant active galactic nuclei and X-ray emitting galaxies 钱德拉深场:揭开遥远活动星系核和x射线发射星系的面纱

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2017.09.002

Y.Q. Xue

引用次数: 38

Constraining the pitch angle of the galactic spiral arms in the Milky Way 限制银河系旋臂的俯仰角

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2017.09.001

Jacques P. Vallée

引用次数: 26