New Astronomy Reviews最新文献_第8页

The discovery of “Tatooine”: Kepler-16b “塔图因”的发现:开普勒-16b

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.05.001

Laurance R. Doyle

引用次数: 2

How to find a planet from transit variations 如何从凌日变化中找到行星

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.001

David Nesvorný

引用次数: 3

Discovery and characterization of Kepler-36b 开普勒-36b的发现和特征

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004

Eric Agol , Joshua A. Carter

{"title":"Discovery and characterization of Kepler-36b","authors":"Eric Agol , Joshua A. Carter","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We describe the circumstances that led to the discovery of Kepler-36b, and the subsequent characterization of its host planetary system. The Kepler-36 system is remarkable for its physical properties: the close separation of the planets, the contrasting densities of the planets despite their proximity, and the short chaotic timescale. Its discovery and characterization was also remarkable for the novelty of the detection technique and for the precise characterization due to the large transit-timing variations caused by the close proximity of the planets, as well as the precise stellar parameters due to asteroseismology. This was the first multi-planet system whose transit data was processed using a fully consistent photometric-dynamical model, using population Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to precisely constrain system parameters. Amongst those parameters, the stellar density was found to be consistent with a complementary, concurrent asteroseismic analysis. In a first, the 3D orientation of the planets was constrained from the lack of transit-duration variations. The system yielded insights into the composition and evolution of short-period planet systems. The denser planet appears to have an Earth-like composition, with uncertainties comparable to the highest precision rocky exoplanet measurements, and the planet densities foreshadowed the rocky/gaseous boundary. The formation of this system remains a mystery, but should yield insights into the migration and evolution of compact exoplanet systems.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85253465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Kepler-78 and the Ultra-Short-Period planets 开普勒-78和超短周期行星

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.006

Joshua N. Winn , Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda , Saul Rappaport

引用次数: 52

Discovery of the first Earth-sized planets orbiting a star other than our Sun in the Kepler-20 system 在开普勒-20系统中发现了第一颗地球大小的行星，它们围绕着太阳以外的恒星运行

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005

Guillermo Torres , François Fressin

{"title":"Discovery of the first Earth-sized planets orbiting a star other than our Sun in the Kepler-20 system","authors":"Guillermo Torres , François Fressin","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Discovering other worlds the size of our own has been a long-held dream of astronomers. The transiting planets Kepler-20 e and Kepler-20 f, which belong to a multi-planet system, hold a very special place among the many groundbreaking discoveries of the Kepler mission because they finally realized that dream. The radius of Kepler-20 f is essentially identical to that of the Earth, while Kepler-20 e is even smaller (0.87 R⊕), and was the first exoplanet to earn that distinction. Their masses, however, are too light to measure with current instrumentation, and this has prevented their confirmation by the usual Doppler technique that has been used so successfully to confirm many other larger planets. To persuade themselves of the planetary nature of these tiny objects, astronomers employed instead a statistical technique to “validate” them, showing that the likelihood they are planets is orders of magnitude larger than a false positive. Kepler-20 e and 20 f orbit their Sun-like star every 6.1 and 19.6 days, respectively, and are most likely of rocky composition. Here we review the history of how they were found, and present an overview of the methodology that was used to validate them.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84642406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

New Astronomy Reviews special issue: History of Kepler’s major exoplanet “firsts” 《新天文学评论》特刊:开普勒主要系外行星“第一颗”的历史

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.002

Jack J. Lissauer , Joann Eisberg

引用次数: 0

The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems 开普勒多行行星系统的发现和遗产

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001

Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer

{"title":"The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems","authors":"Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We revisit the discovery and implications of the first candidate systems to contain multiple transiting exoplanets. These systems were discovered using data from the Kepler space telescope. The initial paper, presenting five systems (Steffen et al., 2010a), was posted online at the time the project released the first catalog of Kepler planet candidates. The first extensive analysis of the observed population of multis was presented in a follow-up paper published the following year (Lissauer et al., 2011b). Multiply-transiting systems allow us to answer a variety of important questions related to the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. These two papers addressed a wide array of topics including: the distribution of orbital period ratios, planet size ratios, system architectures, mean-motion resonance, orbital eccentricities, planet validation and confirmation, and the identification of different planet populations. They set the stage for many subsequent, detailed studies by other groups. Intensive studies of individual multiplanet systems provided some of Kepler’s most important exoplanet discoveries. As we examine the scientific impact of the first of these systems, we also present some history of the people and circumstances surrounding their discoveries.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 49-60"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78303391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Kepler-62f: Kepler's first small planet in the habitable zone, but is it real? 开普勒-62f:开普勒发现的第一颗位于宜居带的小行星，但它是真的吗?

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002

William Borucki , Susan E. Thompson , Eric Agol , Christina Hedges

{"title":"Kepler-62f: Kepler's first small planet in the habitable zone, but is it real?","authors":"William Borucki , Susan E. Thompson , Eric Agol , Christina Hedges","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kepler-62f is the first exoplanet small enough to plausibly have a rocky composition orbiting within the habitable zone (HZ) discovered by the Kepler Mission. The planet is 1.4 times the size of the Earth and has an orbital period of 267 days. At the time of its discovery, it had the longest period of any small planet in the habitable zone of a multi-planet system. Because of its long period, only four transits were observed during Kepler's interval of observations. It was initially missed by the Kepler pipeline, but the first three transits were identified by an independent search by Eric Agol, and it was identified as a planet candidate in subsequent Kepler catalogs. However in the latest catalog of exoplanets (Thompson et al., 2018), it is labeled as a false positive. Recent exoplanet catalogues have evolved from subjective classification to automatic classifications of planet candidates by algorithms (such as ‘Robovetter’). While exceptionally useful for producing a uniform catalogue, these algorithms sometimes misclassify planet candidates as a false positive, as is the case of Kepler-62f. In particularly valuable cases, i.e., when a small planet has been found orbiting in the habitable zone (HZ), it is important to conduct comprehensive analyses of the data and classification protocols to provide the best estimate of the true status of the detection. In this paper we conduct such analyses and show that Kepler-62f is a true planet and not a false positive. The table of stellar and planet properties has been updated based on GAIA results.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90925261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Kepler-9: The first multi-transiting system and the first transit timing variations 开普勒-9:第一个多凌日系统和第一个凌日时间变化

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003

Darin Ragozzine , Matthew J. Holman

{"title":"Kepler-9: The first multi-transiting system and the first transit timing variations","authors":"Darin Ragozzine , Matthew J. Holman","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kepler-9, discovered by Holman et al. (2010), was the first system with multiple confirmed transiting planets and the first system to clearly show long-anticipated transit timing variations (TTVs). It was the first major novel exoplanet discovery of the Kepler Space Telescope mission. The Kepler pipeline identified two Saturn-radius candidates (called Kepler Objects of Interest or KOIs): KOI-377.01 with a 19-day period and KOI-377.02 with a 39-day period. Even with only 9 transits for KOI-377.01 and 6 of KOI-377.02, the transit times were completely inconsistent with a linear ephemeris and showed strongly anti-correlated variations in transit times. Holman et al. (2010) were able to readily show that these objects were planetary mass, confirming them as bona fide planets Kepler-9b and Kepler-9c. As a multi-transiting system exhibiting strong TTVs, the relative planetary properties (e.g., mass ratio, radius ratio) were strongly constrained, opening a new chapter in comparative planetology. KOI-377.03, a small planet with a 1.5-day period, was not initially discovered by the Kepler pipeline, but was identified during the analysis of the other planets and was later confirmed as Kepler-9d through the BLENDER technique by Torres et al. 2011. Holman et al. (2010) included significant dynamical analysis to characterize Kepler-9’s particular TTVs: planets near resonance show large amplitude anti-correlated TTVs with a period corresponding to the rotation of the line of conjunctions and an additional “chopping” signal due to the changing positions of the planets. We review the historical circumstances behind the discovery and characterization of these planets and the publication of Holman et al. (2010). We also review the updated properties of this system and propose ideas for future investigations.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88232398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Synthetic observations of star formation and the interstellar medium 恒星形成和星际介质的综合观测

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.06.001

Thomas J. Haworth , Simon C.O. Glover , Christine M. Koepferl , Thomas G. Bisbas , James E. Dale

引用次数: 24