New Astronomy Reviews最新文献_第7页

A review of quasi-periodic oscillations from black hole X-ray binaries: Observation and theory 黑洞x射线双星的准周期振荡:观测与理论

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2020.101524

Adam R. Ingram, Sara E. Motta

{"title":"A review of quasi-periodic oscillations from black hole X-ray binaries: Observation and theory","authors":"Adam R. Ingram, Sara E. Motta","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2020.101524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2020.101524","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Black hole and neutron star X-ray binary systems routinely show quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in their X-ray flux. Despite being strong, easily measurable signals, their physical origin has long remained elusive. However, recent observational and theoretical work has greatly improved our understanding. Here, we briefly review the basic phenomenology of the different varieties of QPO in both black hole and neutron star systems before focusing mainly on low frequency QPOs in black hole systems, for which much of the recent progress has been made. We describe the detailed statistical properties of these QPOs and review the physical models proposed in the literature, with particular attention to those based on Lense-Thirring precession. This is a relativistic effect whereby a spinning massive object twists up the surrounding spacetime, inducing nodal precession in inclined orbits. We review the theory describing how an accretion flow reacts to the Lense-Thirring effect, including analytic theory and recent numerical simulations. We then describe recent observational tests that provide very strong evidence that at least a certain type of low frequency QPOs are a geometric effect, and good evidence that they are the result of precession. We discuss the possibility of the spin axis of the compact object being misaligned with the binary rotation axis for a large fraction of X-ray binaries, as is required for QPOs to be driven specifically by Lense-Thirring precession, as well as some outstanding gaps in our understanding and future opportunities provided by X-ray polarimeters and/or high throughput X-ray detectors.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2020.101524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84518544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 72

Corrigendum to “Kepler-78 and the Ultra-Short-Period planets” New Astronomy Reviews 83 (2018) 37-48 “开普勒-78和超短周期行星”的勘误表《新天文学评论》83 (2018)37-48

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2020.101527

Joshua N. Winn , Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda , Saul Rappaport

引用次数: 0

Surviving companions of Type Ia supernovae: theory and observations 幸存的Ia型超新星伴星:理论与观测

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.101523

Pilar Ruiz–Lapuente

{"title":"Surviving companions of Type Ia supernovae: theory and observations","authors":"Pilar Ruiz–Lapuente","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.101523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.101523","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We review the theoretical background and the observational searches made for surviving companions of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Theory comprises the characteristics of the stellar binary companions of the exploding white dwarfs at the time of the supernova outburst and the expected effects on them of the explosion, as well as their subsequent evolution. That includes space velocities, rotation, luminosities (with discussion of possible mechanisms producing very faint companions).We then present the searches already made in the Galactic remnants of Type Ia supernovae and we assess the results obtained up to now using ground–based telescopes and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The same is done for the remnants of this type in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We point to new SNRs of Type Ia that can be studied with groundbased telescopes, the HST and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), using various approaches such as characterization of peculiar stars through color–magnitude diagrams, determination of their stellar parameters by spectral fitting, and astrometric measurements. Gaia can provide, as well, useful astrometric information. Most of these approaches have been used in the SNe Ia remnants already explored. The future goal is to enlarge the sample to determine which stellar systems do actually produce these explosions.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.101523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79915815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The discovery of “Tatooine”: Kepler-16b “塔图因”的发现:开普勒-16b

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.05.001

Laurance R. Doyle

引用次数: 2

How to find a planet from transit variations 如何从凌日变化中找到行星

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.001

David Nesvorný

引用次数: 3

Discovery and characterization of Kepler-36b 开普勒-36b的发现和特征

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004

Eric Agol , Joshua A. Carter

{"title":"Discovery and characterization of Kepler-36b","authors":"Eric Agol , Joshua A. Carter","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We describe the circumstances that led to the discovery of Kepler-36b, and the subsequent characterization of its host planetary system. The Kepler-36 system is remarkable for its physical properties: the close separation of the planets, the contrasting densities of the planets despite their proximity, and the short chaotic timescale. Its discovery and characterization was also remarkable for the novelty of the detection technique and for the precise characterization due to the large transit-timing variations caused by the close proximity of the planets, as well as the precise stellar parameters due to asteroseismology. This was the first multi-planet system whose transit data was processed using a fully consistent photometric-dynamical model, using population Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to precisely constrain system parameters. Amongst those parameters, the stellar density was found to be consistent with a complementary, concurrent asteroseismic analysis. In a first, the 3D orientation of the planets was constrained from the lack of transit-duration variations. The system yielded insights into the composition and evolution of short-period planet systems. The denser planet appears to have an Earth-like composition, with uncertainties comparable to the highest precision rocky exoplanet measurements, and the planet densities foreshadowed the rocky/gaseous boundary. The formation of this system remains a mystery, but should yield insights into the migration and evolution of compact exoplanet systems.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85253465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Kepler-78 and the Ultra-Short-Period planets 开普勒-78和超短周期行星

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.006

Joshua N. Winn , Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda , Saul Rappaport

引用次数: 52

Discovery of the first Earth-sized planets orbiting a star other than our Sun in the Kepler-20 system 在开普勒-20系统中发现了第一颗地球大小的行星，它们围绕着太阳以外的恒星运行

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005

Guillermo Torres , François Fressin

{"title":"Discovery of the first Earth-sized planets orbiting a star other than our Sun in the Kepler-20 system","authors":"Guillermo Torres , François Fressin","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Discovering other worlds the size of our own has been a long-held dream of astronomers. The transiting planets Kepler-20 e and Kepler-20 f, which belong to a multi-planet system, hold a very special place among the many groundbreaking discoveries of the Kepler mission because they finally realized that dream. The radius of Kepler-20 f is essentially identical to that of the Earth, while Kepler-20 e is even smaller (0.87 R⊕), and was the first exoplanet to earn that distinction. Their masses, however, are too light to measure with current instrumentation, and this has prevented their confirmation by the usual Doppler technique that has been used so successfully to confirm many other larger planets. To persuade themselves of the planetary nature of these tiny objects, astronomers employed instead a statistical technique to “validate” them, showing that the likelihood they are planets is orders of magnitude larger than a false positive. Kepler-20 e and 20 f orbit their Sun-like star every 6.1 and 19.6 days, respectively, and are most likely of rocky composition. Here we review the history of how they were found, and present an overview of the methodology that was used to validate them.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.03.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84642406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

New Astronomy Reviews special issue: History of Kepler’s major exoplanet “firsts” 《新天文学评论》特刊:开普勒主要系外行星“第一颗”的历史

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.002

Jack J. Lissauer , Joann Eisberg

引用次数: 0

The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems 开普勒多行行星系统的发现和遗产

IF 6 2区物理与天体物理

New Astronomy Reviews Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001

Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer

{"title":"The discovery and legacy of Kepler’s multi-transiting planetary systems","authors":"Jason H. Steffen , Jack J. Lissauer","doi":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We revisit the discovery and implications of the first candidate systems to contain multiple transiting exoplanets. These systems were discovered using data from the Kepler space telescope. The initial paper, presenting five systems (Steffen et al., 2010a), was posted online at the time the project released the first catalog of Kepler planet candidates. The first extensive analysis of the observed population of multis was presented in a follow-up paper published the following year (Lissauer et al., 2011b). Multiply-transiting systems allow us to answer a variety of important questions related to the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. These two papers addressed a wide array of topics including: the distribution of orbital period ratios, planet size ratios, system architectures, mean-motion resonance, orbital eccentricities, planet validation and confirmation, and the identification of different planet populations. They set the stage for many subsequent, detailed studies by other groups. Intensive studies of individual multiplanet systems provided some of Kepler’s most important exoplanet discoveries. As we examine the scientific impact of the first of these systems, we also present some history of the people and circumstances surrounding their discoveries.</div>","PeriodicalId":19718,"journal":{"name":"New Astronomy Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.newar.2019.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78303391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1