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Rhetoric of Honour and Shame in Understanding the Fate of the King of Tyre in Ezek 28:1-19 以荣辱修辞理解推罗王的命运(结28:1-19)
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a11
B. Kang
{"title":"Rhetoric of Honour and Shame in Understanding the Fate of the King of Tyre in Ezek 28:1-19","authors":"B. Kang","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While the oracles against Tyre are often understood in terms of Tyre's political and economic relationship with Judah and advocate a sovereign God who oversaw the destiny of foreign powers, this article explores the oracles against Tyre, particularly Ezek 28:1-19, from the perspective of honour and shame in an ancient Mediterranean context. It finds that the rhetoric of the contrasting notion of honour and shame plays an important role in understanding the rise and fall of the king of Tyre in Ezek 28:1-19. The fluctuation of honour and shame with regards to the Adamic identity of the king of Tyre in the passage serves to enhance in a forceful and sarcastic way the reality of the king's mortal human fate. I propose that the purpose of this oracle, in light of the honour/shame rhetoric, is to address the suffering Israelites in exile with comfort and assurance in that crucial moment of history. Keywords: Honour, Shame, Rhetoric, (king Of) Tyre; Oracle; Ezekiel; Exile; Comfort","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What "Persuades" God to Respond to the Psalmist's Cry? Use of Rhetorical Devices Related to "Vows of Future Praise" in Some Psalms of Lament 是什么“说服”上帝回应诗人的呼求?若干哀歌中“未来赞美誓词”修辞手法的运用
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a6
J. Dickie
{"title":"What \"Persuades\" God to Respond to the Psalmist's Cry? Use of Rhetorical Devices Related to \"Vows of Future Praise\" in Some Psalms of Lament","authors":"J. Dickie","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a6","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Psalms of lament characteristically include affirmations of trust and sometimes a vow to praise God in the future. This article questions the motivation behind such vows by looking carefully at whether future praise is conditional on God's positive response and what other rhetorical devices are linked to the promise God makes. Attention is given to the nature of praise and lament psalms (considering the power dynamic) and foundational principles of Persuasion Theory. Five biblical psalms of lament are considered, with particular attention to their use of a vow and other persuasive tactics to encourage God to intervene. Although a vow of future praise (and other persuasive tactics) may be used, the psalmist's most critical means of persuasion (as apparent in Ps 88) is the character of the psalmist's covenant-partner. Keywords: Psalms Of Lament, Vows, Persuasion, Rhetorical Devices","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Re-interpreting Deuteronomy to Empower Women (of South Africa) 重新解读《申命记》赋予妇女权力(南非)
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a7
Doniwen Pietersen
{"title":"Re-interpreting Deuteronomy to Empower Women (of South Africa)","authors":"Doniwen Pietersen","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a7","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The patriarchal discourse in the Deuteronomic Code creates the need for its re-interpretation from a feminist perspective. This is in aid of understanding the subordination of women viewed from the following perspectives: their roles, images and the limited contributions of women in the ancient world. The reading also includes some remarks on the patrilineal and patriarchal organisation of the Israelite society and its family-centred economy - with special reference to the Covenant Code because of its similarity to Deuteronomy. This article describes how reformers of the Code formed a social structure which they made effective by linking disempowerment of women with other poverty alleviation laws. Keywords: Deuteronomic Code, Socio-economic, Covenant Code, Social-scientific interpretation, Gender inequality","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
YHWH's "Greatness," "Mighty hand," "Deeds" and "Mighty Acts" in Deuteronomy 3:24 申命记3:24中耶和华的“伟大”，“大能的手”，“作为”和“大能的作为”
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a8
Albert J. Coetsee
{"title":"YHWH's \"Greatness,\" \"Mighty hand,\" \"Deeds\" and \"Mighty Acts\" in Deuteronomy 3:24","authors":"Albert J. Coetsee","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a8","url":null,"abstract":" ABSTRACT This article investigates the four words or phrases used in Deut 3:24 to describe the uniqueness of YHWH, namely “greatness” (ל ֶדֹּג) , “mighty hand” (הָקָזֲחַה דָי) , “deeds” (ה ֶשֲע ַמ) and “mighty acts” (ה ָרוּב ְּג) . Commentary on these four words or phrases is usually limited to a brief discussion of their possible referential background. Virtually no attempt is made to distinguish between the meanings of these words. Secondly, little conclusive proof is provided for the assumed referential background of the words, and thirdly, scholars are silent on the distinctive contribution of Deut 3:24 to Deuteronomy’s overall theme of the uniqueness of YHWH. This article aims to address these three","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Reconciliation in the Templeless Age: The Servant as Sanctuary in Isa 53 无圣殿时代的和解:以赛亚书53章的仆人作为避难所
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a15
Paba Nidhani De Andrado
{"title":"Reconciliation in the Templeless Age: The Servant as Sanctuary in Isa 53","authors":"Paba Nidhani De Andrado","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a15","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Isaiah 53 has been at the crossroads of Jewish-Christian polemical debate about the identity of the unnamed figure. This article emphasises that it is not the identity but the function of the Servant which is pivotal. This study examines relevant terms, imagery, and allusions in Isa 53 to determine intertextual links to cultic texts. It investigates the Servant's association with the triple roles of priest, sacrifice and offerer/sinner while also considering his expiatory function. The study frames this cultic portrayal of the Servant as a response to the \"templeless age.\" The destruction of the temple in 587 B.C.E resulted in a dilemma for the deportees who sought to reconcile with their deity in a foreign land. The traumatic loss of the temple resulted in creative ideas of how to access God in the absence of a sanctuary. Isaiah 53 addresses the cultic void by shifting the site and means of expiatory atonement from a physical place (the temple) to a person (the Servant). Keywords: Isaiah 53, Servant, Fourth Servant Song, Temple, Sacrifice, Expiation, Biblical Cult, Reconciliation, Atonement","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Dismiss All Foreign Wives!" The Understanding of the Torah in Ezra-Nehemiah as a Step towards Exclusive Judaism “驱逐所有的外国妻子!”《以斯拉-尼希米记》中对律法的理解是迈向排他犹太教的一步
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a12
Hans-Georg Wünch
{"title":"\"Dismiss All Foreign Wives!\" The Understanding of the Torah in Ezra-Nehemiah as a Step towards Exclusive Judaism","authors":"Hans-Georg Wünch","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a12","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Numerous passages in the prophets and other Old Testament (OT) texts demonstrate connections to the Torah. In many of these cases, there are discussions on the nature of these connections. The main question is whether the Mosaic Law itself was already fixed at this time. However, there is no doubt that the Torah was already in place at the time of the composition of Ezra-Nehemiah, at least in a preliminary stage. The book of Ezra-Nehemiah shows how a later Jewish community interacted with and interpreted certain Old Testament law texts of the Torah. The divorce of foreign wives is the most important topic in this regard. The Mosaic Law itself dos not demand the dismissal of non-Jewish wives. The question therefore arises, how was the dismissal of foreign wives justified by Ezra and Nehemiah? What does this show about their understanding of the Mosaic Law? The article argues that the dismissal of foreign wives can be seen as a step towards the later \"fence around the law. \" It was a way to secure one's own identity by clearly distinguishing between the \"true Israel\" and everyone outside. This eventually led to the rigid and exclusive alienation of the non-Jews, as we find in New Testament times and beyond. Keywords: Old Testament, Divorce, Ezra-nehemiah, Mosaic Law, Judaism, Identity Formation, Othering.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suffering as Expressed in the Psalter and Beyond: An Unfinished Systematic-Theological Perspective on Evolutionary "Theodicy" 《诗篇》及其后所表达的苦难:进化“神正论”未完成的系统神学视角
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a12
D. Veldsman
{"title":"Suffering as Expressed in the Psalter and Beyond: An Unfinished Systematic-Theological Perspective on Evolutionary \"Theodicy\"","authors":"D. Veldsman","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n1a12","url":null,"abstract":"From an evolutionary perspective, it is argued in the following exposition that specific expressions of suffering in the Psalter open up a broadened, deeper and gracious understanding of human suffering within a kind God’s good creation. From the many and diverse voices of suffering as responses to diverse kinds of suffering, and if hermeneutically embedded in a post-Darwinian evolutionary framework, different existential and theological horizons of interpretation are prompted and revisited. These very horizons that interpretively open up direct us as embodied persons of flesh and blood, on the one hand, to new and other dimensions of our being vulnerable creatures before God, and on the other hand, to different glimpses of a kind creator God in a world of dynamic relationships and forces. Ultimately, embedded in a post-Darwinian evolutionary framework, the Psalter eventuates here and now, in contexts of suffering for embodied persons, a gracious cognitive-affective re-appraisal of their faith. https://doi.org/10.17159/2312–3621/2021/v34n1a12","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Community Leadership, Diaspora, and Ezra-Nehemiah: Continuing the Conversation with Gary Knoppers 社区领导、散居与以斯拉-尼希米:继续与加里·克诺珀斯对话
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a13
Louis C. Jonker
{"title":"Community Leadership, Diaspora, and Ezra-Nehemiah: Continuing the Conversation with Gary Knoppers","authors":"Louis C. Jonker","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the last contributions that Gary Knoppers made to the study of Ezra-Nehemiah. In his last book, which was published posthumously, he examined the 'conspicious' disappearance of Zerubbabel from Ezra-Nehemiah (and from other prophetic literatures) as well as the surprising down-playing of the places Mizpah and Ramat Rahel that were - according to the archaeological record - important places during the post-exilic period. In his assessment, he shows a more prominent ideological-critical line of scholarship that had not been so overt in his very well-known work on Chronicles. This article engages in further debate with Knoppers regarding these contributions to the study of Ezra-Nehemiah. Keywords: Ezra-nehemiah, Community Leadership, Diaspora, Gary Knoppers, Ideological-critical Approach","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Inverted Type-Scene? Setting Parameters around a Jacob Cycle Sister-Wife Story 一个倒置的字体场景?设置Jacob Cycle弟媳故事参数
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a3
J. Spoelstra
{"title":"An Inverted Type-Scene? Setting Parameters around a Jacob Cycle Sister-Wife Story","authors":"J. Spoelstra","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The sister-wife episodes in Genesis (Gen 12:10-20; 20:1-18; 26:1-13) are well documented in biblical scholarship. Occasionally, an equivalent story in the Jacob cycle (Gen 25-35) is proffered. This essay investigates the tenability of such a proposal. The primary contribution is setting parameters around the proposed germane fourth story, through integrative exegetical methodologies, to properly assess the smattering of resonant motifs common between Gen 29-31 and the standard type-scene. By bracketing the texts anterior and posterior to the sister-wife stories, a common preface and postface emerge: a wife-at-the-well type-scene and the form-critical element of covenant-making, respectively. With this exegetical framing in place, the numerous motifs in the Jacob cycle-typically crafted via inversion- shared with the other sister-wife stories is cogent enough to conclude that there is a viable case of an inverted sister-wife type-scene in Gen 29-31. Furthermore, a hypothetical rationale for its literary inversion is elaborated. Keywords: Jacob, Sister-wife, Type-scene, Inversion, Laban, Methodology.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Making Some Sense of the Paradox: Polyphony, Conflicting Ideologies, Dialogism, and the Dialectic Dynamics of Ecclesiastes 对悖论的理解:复调、冲突的意识形态、对话和传道书的辩证法动态
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a14
Barbara M. Leung Lai
{"title":"Making Some Sense of the Paradox: Polyphony, Conflicting Ideologies, Dialogism, and the Dialectic Dynamics of Ecclesiastes","authors":"Barbara M. Leung Lai","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n3a14","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rooted in the rubrics of \"Text and Reading, \"1 this article correlates some of the new advances in the study of Ecclesiastes in the recent past.2 Employing four intentionally hammered out reading strategies-reading polyphonically; reading \"cross the grains\"; reading dialectically and reading narrativally, it seeks to demonstrate that the integration of four perspectival readings will enrich the meaning-significance of the book. Moreover, it aims at a proposal that would make some sense of this paradoxical book. Keywords: Polyphony, Dialogism, \"dialogic Truth,\" Dialectic, Narratival Hermeneutics, Reading \"cross The Grains\" (cross-graining)","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67486087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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