Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia最新文献

{"title":"Discordance between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density and spinal computed tomography texture analysis: An investigation into low correlation rates","authors":"Min Woo Kim,&nbsp;Young Min Noh,&nbsp;Jung Wook Huh,&nbsp;Han Eol Seo,&nbsp;Dong Ha Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This research delves into the application of texture analysis in spine computed tomography (CT) scans and its correlation with bone mineral density (BMD), as determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). It specifically addresses the discordance between the 2 measurements, suggesting that certain spinal-specific factors may contribute to this discrepancy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved 405 cases from a single institution collected between May 6, 2012 and June 30, 2021. Each case underwent a spinal CT scan and a DXA scan. BMD values at the lumbar region (T12 to S1) and total hip were recorded. Texture features from axial cuts of T12 to S1 vertebrae were extracted using gray-level co-occurrence matrices, and a regression model was constructed to predict the BMD values.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The correlation between CT texture analysis results and BMD from DXA was moderate, with a correlation coefficient ranging between 0.4 and 0.5. This discordance was examined in light of factors unique to the spine region, such as abdominal obesity, aortic calcification, and lumbar degenerative changes, which could potentially affect BMD measurements.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Emerging from this study is a novel insight into the discordance between spinal CT texture analysis and DXA-derived BMD measurements, highlighting the unique influence of spinal attributes. This revelation calls into question the exclusive reliance on DXA scans for BMD assessment, particularly in scenarios where DXA scanning may not be feasible or accurate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000189/pdfft?md5=e522d77b69bea67c13dee89b4a7d6e3e&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between low muscle mass and clinical characteristics of health population in China","authors":"Yunfei Pan ,&nbsp;Mengjie Hu ,&nbsp;Feimin Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingjing Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The primary aim of this study is to discern the association between specific clinical parameters and low muscle mass (LMM). We endeavor to elucidate the determinants of LMM and the predictive potency of individual factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we encompassed 450 older adult Chinese participants (252 males and 198 females). Muscle mass quantifications were performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Comprehensive data encompassing demographic details (age, sex, height, and weight) and laboratory results (complete blood count, thyroid function, liver function, and renal function) were systematically recorded. Logistic regression models, coupled with receiver operating characteristic curve analytics, were employed to ascertain the variables influencing LMM and to evaluate the predictive validity of each parameter on LMM.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Upon confounding adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and free thyroxine (FT4) persisted as a determinant of LMM. Specifically, individuals with an FT4 exceeding 1.105 ng/dL exhibited a 1.803-fold increased propensity for LMM relative to those with FT4 values below the specified threshold. Incorporating age, gender, BMI, and FT4 in the diagnostic algorithm enhanced the precision of LMM. The results differ between men and women. In the male population, we can still observe that FT4 has a certain value in the diagnosis of LMM, but this phenomenon is not found in the female population.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Elevated FT4 concentrations, albeit within clinically accepted limits, are inversely associated with muscle mass. As such, FT4 could be postulated as a potential biomarker for LMM in geriatric individuals, especially in the male group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000311/pdfft?md5=91994349af8cbe5bdb09c137c62eadc2&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000311-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal validation of a clinical prediction rule for distinguishing locomotive syndromes in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study from the DETECt-L study","authors":"Shigeharu Tanaka ,&nbsp;Ryo Tanaka ,&nbsp;Hungu Jung ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yamashina ,&nbsp;Yu Inoue ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Hirata ,&nbsp;Kai Ushio ,&nbsp;Yasunari Ikuta ,&nbsp;Yukio Mikami ,&nbsp;Nobuo Adachi","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Clinical prediction rules are used to discriminate patients with locomotive syndrome and may enable early detection. This study aimed to validate the clinical predictive rules for locomotive syndrome in community-dwelling older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We assessed the clinical prediction rules for locomotive syndrome in a cross-sectional setting. The age, sex, and body mass index of participants were recorded. Five physical function tests–grip strength, single-leg standing time, timed up-and-go test, and preferred and maximum walking speeds–were measured as predictive factors. Three previously developed clinical prediction models for determining the severity of locomotive syndrome were assessed using a decision tree analysis. To assess validity, the sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, and post-test probability of the clinical prediction rules were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for each model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 280 older adults were included (240 women; mean age, 74.8 ± 5.2 years), and 232 (82.9%), 68 (24.3%), and 28 (10.0%) participants had locomotive syndrome stages ≥ 1, ≥ 2, and = 3, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves were 0.701, 0.709, and 0.603, in models 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The accuracies of models 1 and 2 were moderate.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings indicate that the models are reliable for community-dwelling older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000323/pdfft?md5=3a6ccd13ecea503a05fd65b0db3375bf&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the utility of osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians in patients undergoing hip surgery","authors":"Keisuke Uemura ,&nbsp;Kazuma Takashima ,&nbsp;Ryo Higuchi ,&nbsp;Sotaro Kono ,&nbsp;Hirokazu Mae ,&nbsp;Makoto Iwasa ,&nbsp;Hirohito Abe ,&nbsp;Yuki Maeda ,&nbsp;Takayuki Kyo ,&nbsp;Takashi Imagama ,&nbsp;Wataru Ando ,&nbsp;Takashi Sakai ,&nbsp;Seiji Okada ,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Hamada","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis are instrumental in obtaining good outcomes of hip surgery. Measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis. However, due to limited access to DXA, there is a need for a screening tool to identify patients at a higher risk of osteoporosis. We analyzed the potential utility of the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) as a screening tool for osteoporosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 1378 female patients who underwent hip surgery at 8 institutions were analyzed. For each patient, the BMD of the proximal femoral region was measured by DXA (DXA-BMD), and the correlation with OSTA score (as a continuous variable) was assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the ability of OSTA score to predict osteoporosis. Lastly, the OSTA score was truncated to yield an integer (OSTA index) to clarify the percentage of patients with osteoporosis for each index.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>DXA-BMD showed a strong correlation with OSTA (r = 0.683; P &lt; 0.001). On ROC curve analysis, the optimal OSTA score cut-off value of −5.4 was associated with 73.8% sensitivity and 80.9% specificity for diagnosis of osteoporosis (area under the curve: 0.842). A decrease in the OSTA index by 1 unit was associated with a 7.3% increase in the probability of osteoporosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>OSTA is a potentially useful tool for screening osteoporosis in patients undergoing hip surgery. Our findings may help identify high-risk patients who require further investigation using DXA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000190/pdfft?md5=2d1e05c2c50b4602d973ef7e9c461e14&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The optimal cut-off values of FRAX without BMD for predicting osteoporosis fracture risk in the older adults at Nan, Thailand","authors":"Worapong Sucharitpongpan","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The World Health Organization developed the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) to assess the risk of having fragility fractures in the next 10 years. The FRAX tool is different by country, race, gender, and age. This study is a community-based study aiming to identify the optimal cut-off values of FRAX for the identification of older individuals who are at high risk of osteoporosis fractures in both genders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional, analytic study was conducted by using health screening data of the older adults aged 60–90 living in the 3 biggest districts of Nan province, Thailand. Validity and optimal FRAX major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF) cut-off values in both genders were determined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 36,042 older adults included in the study, 1624 older people had a history of fragility fractures. Older females were 3.2 and 2.5 times more likely to have fragility fractures and hip fractures than males, respectively. The optimal cut-off values of FRAX MOF for predicting fragility fractures were 3.0% for males and 6.3% for females. The optimal cut-off values of FRAX HF for predicting hip fractures were 1.1% for males and 3.3% for females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A simple screening tool like the FRAX which is available in the annual health screening activities has the potential to be used to predict the risk of developing fragility fractures in rural areas of Thailand. Different cut-off values should be used in females and males because the risk of MOF and HF of both genders is significantly different.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000013/pdfft?md5=26ec65c1dc2730e0b698d2b8e46608b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a shape-based algorithm for identification of asymptomatic vertebral compression fractures: A proof-of-principle study","authors":"Huy G. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hoa T. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Linh T.T. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thach S. Tran ,&nbsp;Lan T. Ho-Pham ,&nbsp;Sai H. Ling ,&nbsp;Tuan V. Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Vertebral fracture is both common and serious among adults, yet it often goes undiagnosed. This study aimed to develop a shape-based algorithm (SBA) for the automatic identification of vertebral fractures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study included 144 participants (50 individuals with a fracture and 94 without a fracture) whose plain thoracolumbar spine X-rays were taken. Clinical diagnosis of vertebral fracture (grade 0 to 3) was made by rheumatologists using Genant's semiquantitative method. The SBA algorithm was developed to determine the ratio of vertebral body height loss. Based on the ratio, SBA classifies a vertebra into 4 classes: 0 = normal, 1 = mild fracture, 2 = moderate fracture, 3 = severe fracture). The concordance between clinical diagnosis and SBA-based classification was assessed at both person and vertebra levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At the person level, the SBA achieved a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 62% (95% CI, 51%–72%). At the vertebra level, the SBA achieved a sensitivity of 84% (95% CI, 72%–93%), and a specificity of 88% (95% CI, 85%–90%). On average, the SBA took 0.3 s to assess each X-ray.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The SBA developed here is a fast and efficient tool that can be used to systematically screen for asymptomatic vertebral fractures and reduce the workload of healthcare professionals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000025/pdfft?md5=63ec61beb3f370b70218acffa5705aba&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asia-Pacific consensus on long-term and sequential therapy for osteoporosis","authors":"Ta-Wei Tai ,&nbsp;Hsuan-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Chien-An Shih ,&nbsp;Chun-Feng Huang ,&nbsp;Eugene McCloskey ,&nbsp;Joon-Kiong Lee ,&nbsp;Swan Sim Yeap ,&nbsp;Ching-Lung Cheung ,&nbsp;Natthinee Charatcharoenwitthaya ,&nbsp;Unnop Jaisamrarn ,&nbsp;Vilai Kuptniratsaikul ,&nbsp;Rong-Sen Yang ,&nbsp;Sung-Yen Lin ,&nbsp;Akira Taguchi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Mori ,&nbsp;Julie Li-Yu ,&nbsp;Seng Bin Ang ,&nbsp;Ding-Cheng Chan ,&nbsp;Wai Sin Chan ,&nbsp;Hou Ng ,&nbsp;Chih-Hsing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to present the Asia-Pacific consensus on long-term and sequential therapy for osteoporosis, offering evidence-based recommendations for the effective management of this chronic condition. The primary focus is on achieving optimal fracture prevention through a comprehensive, individualized approach.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A panel of experts convened to develop consensus statements by synthesizing the current literature and leveraging clinical expertise. The review encompassed long-term anti-osteoporosis medication goals, first-line treatments for individuals at very high fracture risk, and the strategic integration of anabolic and antiresorptive agents in sequential therapy approaches.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The panelists reached a consensus on 12 statements. Key recommendations included advocating for anabolic agents as the first-line treatment for individuals at very high fracture risk and transitioning to antiresorptive agents following the completion of anabolic therapy. Anabolic therapy remains an option for individuals experiencing new fractures or persistent high fracture risk despite antiresorptive treatment. In cases of inadequate response, the consensus recommended considering a switch to more potent medications. The consensus also addressed the management of medication-related complications, proposing alternatives instead of discontinuation of treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This consensus provides a comprehensive, cost-effective strategy for fracture prevention with an emphasis on shared decision-making and the incorporation of country-specific case management systems, such as fracture liaison services. It serves as a valuable guide for healthcare professionals in the Asia-Pacific region, contributing to the ongoing evolution of osteoporosis management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240552552400030X/pdfft?md5=c83fcb63cbef3c9efee429fd07c917e2&pid=1-s2.0-S240552552400030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of adult hypophosphatasia: Still a big challenge?","authors":"Daisuke Inoue","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000347/pdfft?md5=f3444628830c78cadd2a0c70e087d8d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate was associated with a lower risk of dementia in patients with fragility fractures: A population-based cohort study in Hong Kong","authors":"Chor-Wing Sing ,&nbsp;K.H. Chan ,&nbsp;Patrick KC. Chiu ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Kathryn CB. Tan ,&nbsp;Ching-Lung Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"9 4","pages":"Page S2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143298369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the adherence of denosumab on the kidney function and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients","authors":"Tien-Ching Lee ,&nbsp;Chen-Yu Hung ,&nbsp;Chung-Hwan Chen ,&nbsp;Pei-Shan Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.11.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2023.11.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"9 4","pages":"Page S12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143298386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}