Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia最新文献

{"title":"Does intradiscal steroid injection accelerate the histological degeneration of the human disc?","authors":"Jin Hwan Kim ,&nbsp;Sunhee Chang ,&nbsp;Byung Ho Kim ,&nbsp;Gyu Heon Lee ,&nbsp;Sung Tan Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Intradiscal steroid injection (ISI) use has been proven as a low-risk and rapid treatment for disc degeneration disease (DDD). However, the histological effects of steroids on human discs remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether ISI induces histologic degeneration of the disc.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, a histological analysis was carried out on the nucleus pulposus obtained from 150 patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Among these individuals, 59 received ISI before the surgery, while 91 did not. After staining with hematoxylin and eosin, the histological classification was performed based on chondrocyte proliferation (C1, C2, and C3) and granular matrix change (M1 and M2). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the main factors influencing chondrocyte proliferation and granular matrix change. Additionally, histological differences between the ISI group and the non-ISI group were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Chondrocyte proliferation and granular matrix changes were not significantly different between the ISI and non-ISI groups. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age is the most significant risk factor for both chondrocyte proliferation (P = 0.02) and granular matrix changes (P &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The most crucial factor in disc degeneration is age. ISI does not accelerate the histological degeneration of chondrocyte proliferation and granular matrix. Therefore, the ISI could be considered as a histologically safe alternative in patients with DDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of whole-body vibration on bone properties in type 2 diabetes model rats","authors":"Akira Minematsu,&nbsp;Yasue Nishii","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We examined the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on bone properties in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) model rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty male Hos:ZFDM-<em>Lepr</em>^<em>fa</em>, <em>fa/fa</em> rats (divided into DM and WBV groups, N = 10 each) and 10 Hos:ZFDM-<em>Lepr</em>^<em>fa</em>, <em>fa/+</em> rats (as the control (CON) group) were used. The WBV group underwent WBV at 45 Hz frequency, with 0.5 <em>g</em> acceleration (15 min/day, 5 days/week) for 8 weeks. Trabecular and cortical bone mass, trabecular bone microstructure (TBMS), and cortical bone geometry (CBG) were analyzed via micro-computed tomography. Bone mechanical strength (maximum load, break point, and stiffness) was also measured. Additionally, bone metabolic and DM-related markers were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bone mechanical strength of the femur improved in the WBV group, although muscle atrophy and bone deterioration were observed in the DM and WBV groups. The serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b were significantly higher in the DM and WBV groups than in the CON group. Serum glucose and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly lower in the WBV group than in the DM group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that WBV potentially improves the decrease in the bone mechanical strength of the femur, although it does not prevent the deterioration of bone mineral content, TBMS, and CBG parameters. Further studies are needed to investigate the effective timing and duration of WBV and the conditions that prevent T2DM and deterioration of bone properties and clarify the mechanism underlying WBV effects on bone properties in DM animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choice of cemented or uncemented stems for displaced femoral neck fractures","authors":"Kwangkyoun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 3","pages":"Page 126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal antibodies in patients with osteoporosis and renal insufficiency: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Maria L.R. Defante ,&nbsp;Victoria Alzogaray ,&nbsp;Davi Said Gonçalves Celso ,&nbsp;Lucas Antônio Torres ,&nbsp;Mayara Bearse ,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Frota Machado de Melo Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>There are challenges for the treatment of osteoporosis in patients with kidney failure and monoclonal antibodies (MAb) might be a suitable therapy. However, the efficacy and safety of MAb among patients with osteoporosis and renal insufficiency remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central for studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of the use of MAb in patients with osteoporosis and renal insufficiency. We pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for binary outcomes. Mean difference (MD) was used for continuous outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 5 studies with 33,550 patients. MAb therapy decreased the risk of vertebral fractures (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.26–0.40; P &lt; 0.01) when compared to placebo and no statistical difference was found when comparing to bisphosphonate (RR 0.71; 95% CI 0.49–1.03; P = 0.07). MAb therapy also decreased the risk of nonvertebral fractures (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.69–0.91; P = 0.0009). Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) was higher in the MAb therapy when compared to both placebo (MD 10.90; 95% CI 8.00–13.80; P &lt; 0.01) and bisphosphonate (MD 7.66; 95% CI 6.19–9.14; P &lt; 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the change of estimated glomerular filtration rate and in the incidence of hypocalcemia and serious adverse events between groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There were reductions in both vertebral and nonvertebral fracture risks, alongside improvements in BMD among patients with renal insufficiency treated with MAb.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000669/pdfft?md5=42d4001696ebe06d6c6d22ac2f728390&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000669-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing osteoporosis management through risk assessment tools","authors":"Ching-Lung Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000657/pdfft?md5=160b2a6019731699a23fc3a27e180ee4&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000657-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141479327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unplanned emergency department visits within 90 days of hip hemiarthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral neck fractures: Reasons, risks, and mortalities","authors":"Yang-Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Yi-Chuan Chou ,&nbsp;Yuan-Hsin Tsai ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Chang ,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Ta-Wei Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is commonly performed to treat displaced femoral neck fractures in osteoporotic patients. This study aimed to assess the occurrence and outcomes of unplanned return visits to the emergency department (ED) within 90 days following bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The clinical data of 1322 consecutive patients who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral neck fractures at a tertiary medical center were analyzed. Data from the patients’ electronic medical records, including demographic information, comorbidities, and operative details, were collected. The risk factors and mortality rates were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within 90 days after surgery, 19.9% of patients returned to the ED. Surgery-related reasons accounted for 20.2% of the patient's returns. Older age, a high Charlson comorbidity index score, chronic kidney disease, and a history of cancer were identified as significant risk factors for unplanned ED visits. Patients with uncemented implants had a significantly greater risk of returning to the ED due to periprosthetic fractures than did those with cemented implants (P = 0.04). Patients who returned to the ED within 90 days had an almost fivefold greater 1-year mortality rate (15.2% vs 3.1%, P &lt; 0.001) and a greater overall mortality rate (26.2% vs 10.5%, P &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study highlights the importance of identifying risk factors for unplanned ED visits after bipolar hemiarthroplasty, which may contribute to a better prognosis. Consideration should be given to the use of cemented implants for hemiarthroplasty, as uncemented implants are associated with a greater risk of periprosthetic fractures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000670/pdfft?md5=2711884ce15727a5efbf84469f2e9918&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000670-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-based fully automatic image analysis: Optimal abdominal and thoracic segmentation volumes for estimating total muscle volume on computed tomography scans","authors":"Thomas Ying ,&nbsp;Pablo Borrelli ,&nbsp;Lars Edenbrandt ,&nbsp;Olof Enqvist ,&nbsp;Reza Kaboteh ,&nbsp;Elin Trägårdh ,&nbsp;Johannes Ulén ,&nbsp;Henrik Kjölhede","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Evaluation of sarcopenia from computed tomography (CT) is often based on measuring skeletal muscle area on a single transverse slice. Automatic segmentation of muscle volume has a lower variance and may be a better proxy for the total muscle volume than single-slice areas. The aim of the study was to determine which abdominal and thoracic anatomical volumes were best at predicting the total muscle volume.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cloud-based artificial intelligence tool (<span>recomia.org</span><svg><path></path></svg>) was used to segment all skeletal muscle of the torso of 994 patients who had performed whole-torso CT 2008–2020 for various clinical indications. Linear regression models for several anatomical volumes and single-slice areas were compared with regard to predicting the total torso muscle volume.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The muscle volume from the tip of the coccyx and 25 cm cranially was the best of the abdominal volumes and was significantly better than the L3 slice muscle area (R² 0.935 vs 0.830, P &lt; 0.0001). For thoracic volumes, the muscle volume between the top of the sternum to the lower bound of the Th12 vertebra showed the best correlation with the total volume, significantly better than the Th12 slice muscle area (R² 0.892 vs 0.775, P &lt; 0.0001). Adjusting for body height improved the correlation slightly for all measurements but did not significantly change the ordering.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We identified muscle volumes that can be reliably segmented by automated image analysis which is superior to single slice areas in predicting total muscle volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240552552400061X/pdfft?md5=7590e8e315832561e5fca36a44997630&pid=1-s2.0-S240552552400061X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2405-5255(24)00075-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2405-5255(24)00075-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Page v"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240552552400075X/pdfft?md5=119338f8679f49cc9787db99f363c374&pid=1-s2.0-S240552552400075X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141479328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the perioperative prognostic nutritional index and postoperative gait function in elderly hip fractures","authors":"Kumiko Yotsuya ,&nbsp;Kaoru Yamazaki ,&nbsp;Junichiro Sarukawa ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Yasuda ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Matsuyama","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We investigated the relationship between the perioperative nutritional status and postoperative walking ability in patients with hip fractures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 246 surgically treated elderly patients with hip fractures who were ambulatory before the injury. Patients were divided into two groups: group A, who were able to walk at discharge, and group B, who were unable to walk at discharge. We pair-matched these two groups according to age, preoperative subdivided walking ability, and fracture site to form groups A′ and B'. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI; PNI = 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × blood total lymphocyte count (/mm³)) before surgery and 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks after surgery and energy intake 1 and 2 weeks after surgery were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After adjustments for age, preoperative subdivided walking ability, and fracture site, there were 51 patients in group A' (mean age 84.6 years) and 51 patients in group B' (mean age 84.7 years). In group A'/group B′, PNI was 43.38/42.60 (P = 0.19) before surgery, 33.87/33.31 (P = 0.44) 1 day after surgery, 34.99/32.35 (P = 0.01) 1 week after surgery, and 37.33/35.69 (P = 0.15) 2 weeks after surgery. Energy intake was 1380.8/1203.1 kcal (P = 0.01) 1 week after surgery and 1382.0/1335.6 kcal (P = 0.60) 2 weeks after surgery.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PNI and energy intake at 1 week postoperatively were associated with early postoperative nutrition and the recovery of walking ability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000682/pdfft?md5=13f0dfad63e47e188d7bb273b38b70f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000682-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional variation in bone mineral density of the distal radius","authors":"Helen Morgan,&nbsp;Katy Knight,&nbsp;Robert Meertens","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study investigates the regional variation in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the distal radius, a critical site for osteoporosis-related fractures. Understanding aBMD distribution is essential for accurate diagnosis and management of osteoporosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved 261 participants aged over 50. Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, aBMD was recorded across contiguous regions of the distal radius. Factors considered include age, sex, and hand dominance, providing a comprehensive view of aBMD distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings indicated a consistent pattern in aBMD distribution along the radius, with a plateau around the one-third distance from the wrist. Notably, significant differences in aBMD were observed between age groups, especially among post-menopausal women. The study also recorded minor variations in aBMD between dominant and non-dominant forearms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study's insights into aBMD variation at the distal radius have implications for osteoporosis research and clinical diagnosis. It highlights the importance of standardized region of interest placement in DXA scans for accurate assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405525524000335/pdfft?md5=c49705993528cc0151df652fec5c76c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2405525524000335-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}