Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Associations of Pre-Pregnancy and Prenatal Outdoor Nighttime Light, Green Space and Neighbourhood Walkability With Preterm Birth: Results From Ruian Birth Cohort Study.","authors":"Qiuqiu Mu, Jiawei Fang, Yixian Zheng, Chengxiu Zhu, Peijun Chen, Yexinyi Zhou, Yinyin He, Wenyi Zhang, Chenjun Tang, Jing Guo, Guangdi Chen, Lin Lin, Wenjun Du","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70175","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological studies have reported associations between the built environment and adverse pregnancy outcomes, but research examining sensitive time windows and the potential interaction effects between exposures remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine how built environment relates to preterm birth (PTB) and potential interaction effects between exposures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on 2418 pregnant women from the Ruian Birth Cohort Study (RBCS), we assessed pre-pregnancy and prenatal artificial light at night (ALAN), normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and neighbourhood walkability in relation to PTB risk via Cox regression models, and examined interactions and sensitive periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-pregnancy and prenatal NDVI were associated with decreased preterm risk [Hazard ratio (HR)_pre- _pregnancy 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70, 0.99; HR_{7-9 months before} _pregnancy 0.84, 95% CI 0.71, 1.00; HR_{4-6 months before} _pregnancy 0.84, 95% CI 0.71, 1.00; HR_prenatal 0.79, 95% CI 0.66, 0.93; HR_First _trimester 0.78, 95% CI 0.66, 0.93; HR_Second _trimester 0.82, 95% CI 0.70, 0.97; HR_Third _trimester 0.79, 95% CI 0.67, 0.93]. Pre-pregnancy ALAN showed a nonlinear association with PTB. ALAN interacted with both neighbourhood walkability [relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) -5.99, 95% CI -10.15, -1.83; attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) -1.58, 95% CI -2.74, -0.41] and NDVI (RERI_pre- _pregnancy -2.16, 95% CI -3.99, -0.32; AP_pre- _pregnancy -0.82, 95% CI -1.67, 0.03; RERI_prenatal -2.86, 95% CI -4.99, -0.73; AP_prenatal -1.31, 95% CI -2.38, -0.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ALAN showed a non-linear association with PTB risk: low to moderate levels were linked to increased risk, whilst high ALAN levels did not increase risk. Green space was linked to lower PTB risk. Negative additive interactions were found between ALAN and green space, as well as between ALAN and neighbourhood walkability, indicating that the associations of green space and neighbourhood walkability and PTB were stronger when ALAN was at higher levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"670-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure Definitions in Perinatal Pharmacoepidemiology: One Size Does Not Fit All.","authors":"Krista F Huybrechts","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70176","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"691-693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148796250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Individual Prenatal Risk Factors in Early Childhood Infection Severity: A Multi-Exposure Framework.","authors":"Kedir N Turi","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"620-622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race, Place and Preterm Birth.","authors":"Christina Duhig, Nana Matoba, James W Collins","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70173","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"632-633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences, Postpartum Care Utilisation, and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"Genevieve G Palazzolo, Shannah R Mwanda, Sarah Nechuta","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known predictors of mental health outcomes later in life. To date, few studies have examined ACEs and postpartum mental health, and data are limited on the role of ACEs in the utilisation of postpartum care, which is important for identifying women at risk of postpartum depression.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated the associations between ACEs and postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) and utilisation of postpartum care (maternal postpartum checkup and depression screening).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a serial, cross-sectional study using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 2016 to 2022. PRAMS is a population-based surveillance system implemented by state health departments among women who have had a recent live birth. The sample included four jurisdictions with ACE data (n = 23,913). Self-reported outcomes included receipt of a postpartum checkup, being asked about depression during the postpartum visit, and PDS. Logistic regression models accounting for complex survey weighting estimates provided confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of ACEs (individual and score) and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of 0, 1, 2-3, or ≥ 4 ACEs was 48.8%, 25.6%, 17.9%, and 7.6%, respectively. The prevalence of PDS was 15.2%. In adjusted models, ACEs were associated with increased prevalence of PDS, with PRs being 1.17 (95% CI 1.03, 1.30), 1.40 (95% CI 1.23, 1.57), and 1.86 (95% CI 1.60-2.13) for 1, 2-3, and ≥ 4 ACEs, respectively. Each individual ACE was associated with increased prevalence of PDS. ACEs were also associated with increased prevalence of no maternal postpartum checkup but were not associated with maternal depression screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large population-based study, we found that women with higher ACEs had increased prevalence of maternal PDS. Findings support the need for prenatal screening for ACEs and for providing postpartum support and resources for women with a history of ACEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"591-602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Enduring Impact of Cohort Differences in Explaining Population Health.","authors":"Katherine M Keyes","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"663-664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148448487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Maternal Engagement and Child Development in the Context of Perinatal Depression.","authors":"Genevieve Le Bas, Delyse Hutchinson","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"588-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When More Is Not Better: A Balanced View of Haemoglobin Concentrations During Pregnancy.","authors":"Brie M Oaks","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70174","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"575-576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Effects of Prenatal Antibiotics, Mode of Birth and Breastfeeding Duration on Childhood Infections: The Norwegian MoBa Cohort Study.","authors":"Isobel M F Todd, Lars Henning Pedersen, Jessica E Miller, David P Burgner, Maria C Magnus","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prenatal antibiotic exposure and caesarean births are associated with an increased risk of hospitalised infection in children, but few studies have evaluated their impact on less severe infections and possible joint effects. Conversely, longer breastfeeding duration is protective against infections, but whether this effect varies according to previous perinatal exposures has not been explored. These three exposures are all hypothesised to influence the infant microbiome.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the individual and joint effects of prenatal antibiotic exposure, caesarean birth, and breastfeeding duration for both the incidence of infections and for hospitalisation for infection up to age three.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The three exposures were prenatal antibiotic exposure, caesarean birth, and breastfeeding duration. Using quasi-Poisson regression, we analysed the number of infections and hospitalisation for infections according to: (1) each exposure individually, (2) combined exposure to prenatal antibiotics and caesarean birth and (3) breastfeeding duration across the strata of prenatal antibiotics and birth mode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 45,485 children followed from birth to age three, there was weak evidence for an increased number of infections according to the exposures of interest (incidence rate ratio for prenatal antibiotics 1.04, 95% CI 1.02, 1.05; caesarean birth 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03; breastfeeding < 6 months 1.04, 95% CI 1.02, 1.05), while there was an increased risk of hospitalised infection (risk ratio for prenatal antibiotics 1.11, 95% CI 1.05, 1.17; caesarean birth 1.20, 95% CI 1.14, 1.27; breastfeeding < 6 months 1.16, 95% CI 1.10, 1.22). Analyses of combined effects showed a 1.55-fold (95% CI 1.24, 1.93) increased risk of hospitalisation for infection with all three exposures compared to none.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prenatal antibiotic exposure, caesarean birth and shorter breastfeeding duration were each associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation for infection in early childhood, with higher magnitude when multiple exposures occurred.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"608-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology Following Stillbirth: Differences by Insurance Status and Educational Attainment.","authors":"Ellie Diamond, Suzan L Carmichael, Elliott K Main, Hayley E Miller, Anna Booman, Stephanie A Leonard","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70156","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One in 175 births in the United States is a stillbirth-approximately 21,000 births annually. Pathology (fetal autopsy and placental histopathology) is recommended to help determine the aetiology of a stillbirth. However, socioeconomic factors, such as education level and insurance status, may influence whether stillbirth pathology is pursued.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We evaluated associations between socioeconomic factors and the use of pathology following stillbirth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed linked fetal death certificates and maternal hospitalisation discharge records from stillbirths occurring in California from 2007 to 2020. Socioeconomic indicators included maternal education level and insurance status. Study outcomes were fetal autopsy and placental histopathology, categorised as none or yes (completed or planned), as reported on the fetal death certificate. We used modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors to estimate risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for prespecified covariates: Birth year, maternal age, and racial and ethnic group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 34,668 stillbirths, 22% (n = 7557) had an autopsy, and 55% (n = 19,000) had placental histopathology. Compared with public insurance, those with private insurance were more likely to have a fetal autopsy (adjusted RR 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 1.26) and placental histopathology (adjusted RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09, 1.17). Compared with having less than a high school degree, those with a graduate degree were more likely to have a fetal autopsy (adjusted RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.32, 1.64); however, placental histopathology utilisation did not differ by education level after adjustment for covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this population-based study, we found that higher socioeconomic advantage is associated with higher use of pathology following stillbirth, particularly the use of fetal autopsy. Determining causes of stillbirth remains an important perinatal priority, and these results identify an important disparity to address.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"603-607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}