Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating neonatal mortality in Malta compared with other EU countries: Exploring the influence of congenital anomalies and maternal risk factors.","authors":"Merle Wilhelm, Miriam Gatt, Rok Hrzic, Neville Calleja, Hajo Zeeb","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, 240,000 babies die in the neonatal period annually due to congenital anomalies (CA). Malta reports the highest neonatal mortality rate (NMR) among EU (European Union) Countries, constituting a public health concern.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study describes the contribution of CA to NMR in Malta, investigating possible associations with known maternal risk factors of maternal age, nationality, and education. Additionally, it provides an update on the contribution of CA to neonatal deaths in Malta and other EU countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anonymous data for births and neonatal deaths were obtained for 2006-2020 from the National Obstetrics Information System (NOIS) in Malta. Regression analyses adjusting for maternal risk factors were run on this data to explore possible associations with NMR. NMRs published by EUROSTAT 2011-2020 were used to compare mortality by underlying cause of death (CA or non-CA causes) for Malta and other EU countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2006 and 2020, 63,890 live births with 283 neonatal deaths were registered in Malta, (NMR 4.4 per 1000 live births). CA accounted for 39.6% of neonatal deaths. No time trends were observed in either total NMR, NMR attributed to CA or mortality due to non-CA causes. Adjusted variables revealed associations for women hailing from non-EU, low-income countries. Malta registered high NMRs compared to EU countries, most marked for deaths attributed to CA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Between 2006 and 2020, Malta's NMR remained stable. Maternal Nationality, from non-EU low-income countries, was associated with higher neonatal mortality. The influx of such migrants may play a partial role in the high NMRs experienced. Malta's high NMR was primarily driven by early neonatal deaths, which included high proportions of deaths due to CA and is linked to the fact that termination of pregnancy is illegal in Malta.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"703-713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The not-so-simple question of when or if to induce a term pregnancy.","authors":"Nathalie Auger, Jessica Healy-Profitós","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"730-732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explained and unexplained inter-center variability in outcomes: Where should we go next?","authors":"Prakesh S Shah","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13134","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"689-691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-pregnancy substance use and first trimester cardiovascular health among nulliparous pregnant people: The nuMoM2b Study.","authors":"Elly M Marshall, Ruchi Bhandari, David M Haas, Janet M Catov, Amna Umer, Robert M Silver, Bethany Barone Gibbs","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suboptimal pre-pregnancy health, including substance use and cardiovascular risk factors, is associated with higher risks of maternal-foetal morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if pre-pregnancy substance use is associated with early pregnancy cardiovascular health (CVH). It is hypothesised that pre-pregnancy use of substances is associated with worse CVH in the first trimester of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis from the 2010-2015 United States nuMoM2b cohort (n = 9895). Pre-pregnancy alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and illicit substance use were assessed through questionnaires. Latent class analysis categorised participants based on their 3-month pre-pregnancy or ever(*) substance use: (1) Illicit substances*, marijuana*, and alcohol use (n = 1234); (2) marijuana* and alcohol use (n = 2066); (3) tobacco and alcohol use (n = 636); and (4) alcohol only use (n = 3194). The referent group reported no pre-pregnancy substance use (n = 2765). First trimester CVH score from 0 (least healthy) to 100 (most healthy) was calculated using a modified American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 framework and included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose, non-HDL cholesterol, diet, sleep, and physical activity. Multiple linear regression evaluated the relationship between pre-pregnancy substance use classes and CVH scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CVH score varied by class: No substance use (mean: 65, SD: ±1.3), illicit substances*, marijuana*, and alcohol use (68 ± 1.3), marijuana* and alcohol use (67 ± 1.3), tobacco and alcohol use (62 ± 1.4), and alcohol only use (67 ± 1.3). In adjusted models, those who used tobacco and alcohol compared to the no substance use class had a lower CVH score (-2.82); other classes had scores ranging from 1.81 to 2.44 points higher than the no substance use class. Individual CVH component scores followed similar patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All groups, but most markedly those who used tobacco and alcohol prior to pregnancy, began pregnancy with only moderate CVH and may benefit from CVH promotion efforts along with substance use treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"668-676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal mortality surveillance: Getting it right is essential to drive preventive actions.","authors":"Marian Knight, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in social relationships from 26 to 34 years of age in adults born very preterm.","authors":"Elif Gonen, E Sabrina Twilhaar, Nicole Baumann, Barbara Busch, Peter Bartmann, Dieter Wolke","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Very preterm and/or very low birthweight (VP/VLBW; <32 weeks' gestation and/or <1500 g birthweight) individuals rated their partner and peer relationships lower than term-born individuals in emerging adulthood, but their quality of relationships with parents has been rarely investigated. Moreover, it is unclear whether previously reported differences in social relationship characteristics persist or lessen from emerging to established adulthood.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate changes in social relationship characteristics in VP/VLBW adults compared to term-born adults from 26 to 34 years and whether the association between VP/VLBW and social relationship characteristics varies according to sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective whole-population birth cohort study in South Bavaria, Germany, social relationship characteristics with parents, partners and peers, and overall social relationships across these domains were evaluated with a Life Course Interview at 26 and 34 years. Interview items related to these domains were extracted and scored as 0 (optimal) and 1 (non-optimal). Each score was summed into domain-specific composite scores and standardised according to the total sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants included 262 VP/VLBW (52.7% males) and 230 term-born individuals (47.0% males). VP/VLBW adults had lower overall social relationship scores than term-born adults (β = -.61, 95% CI -0.85, -0.37). Specifically, partner (β = -.50, 95% CI-0.74, -0.27) and peer relationship scores (β = -.55, 95% CI-0.78, -0.32) were lower than those of term-born adults, but scores did not differ for parent relationships. On average, partner (β = .25, 95% CI 0.14, 0.35) and peer relationship scores increased (β = .16, 95% CI 0.03, 0.29), while parent relationship scores decreased (β = -.64, 95% CI-0.79, -0.49) from 26 to 34 years. These changes were similar for VP/VLBW and term-born individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patterns of change for the improved partner and peer but worsening parental social relationship scores were common across VP/VLBW and term-born adults, but differences between the two groups persisted from 26 to 34 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and electrocardiographic findings among newborns: The Copenhagen Baby Heart Study.","authors":"Emil H Nørskov, Maria M Pærregaard, Anna A Raja, Anne-Sophie Sillesen, Alex H Christensen, Henning Bundgaard, Heather A Boyd, Kasper K Iversen, R Ottilia B Vøgg","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal preeclampsia is associated with both congenital heart defects and changes in left ventricular structure and function in the offspring. Whether preeclampsia and gestational hypertension also affect the offspring's cardiac conduction system is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assesses whether infants exposed to maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) exhibit changes in their electrocardiogram (ECG) compared with infants unexposed to HDPs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study included newborns from the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study who had an ECG performed within 30 days of birth and had available obstetric information. ECG parameters of newborns exposed to maternal HDPs were compared with those of unexposed newborns using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study cohort included 11,826 newborns, including 441 exposed to maternal preeclampsia and 320 exposed to gestational hypertension. Infants exposed to preeclampsia had prolonged QRS durations (adjusted mean difference 0.6 ms, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04, 1.16) and lower maximum amplitudes of the R-wave in V1 (adjusted mean difference, linear scale 0.95, 95% CI 0.90, 1.00), compared with unexposed infants. Exposure to maternal preeclampsia was not associated with changes in other ECG parameters. Exposure to gestational hypertension was associated with increased QT interval durations (QT_c Bazett, adjusted mean difference 2.48 ms, 95% CI -0.23, 5.20; QT_c Fridericia, adjusted mean difference 2.32 ms, 95% CI -0.19, 4.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that the newborn cardiac conduction system is affected by exposure to maternal preeclampsia. This could reflect the previously described thickening of the left ventricular myocardium in infants exposed to preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired head circumference growth and behavioural problems in childhood: Longitudinal findings from the MINA-Brazil birth cohort.","authors":"Isabel Giacomini, Eduardo Villamor, Bárbara Hatzlhoffer Lourenço, Mia Zhu, Allison L Seeley, Alicia Matijasevich, Marly Augusto Cardoso","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous evidence on the relation between early head circumference (HC) growth and behavioural outcomes in preschoolers has been inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate whether HC growth from birth to 5 years of age was related to internalising or externalising behavioural problems at 5 years of age in a sex-specific manner.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 303 girls and 318 boys from the MINA-Brazil birth cohort, we examined the associations between changes in HC from birth to 5 years of age and internalising and externalising behaviour problem scores at 5 years according to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents. HC values were transformed into sex- and age-specific z-scores (HCZ) using World Health Organisation standards, and the differences between values at 5 years of age and birth were classified into quintiles. We estimated adjusted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals in behavioural problem scores between HCZ change quintiles using multivariable linear regression by sex. To examine nonlinear associations, we included cubic spline terms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Head circumference growth from birth to 5 years of age was inversely and nonlinearly associated with internalising problems in girls. Compared with girls at the lowest quintile of HC growth, those above had an adjusted 1.27 (95% confidence interval 0.28, 2.27) points lower mean internalising problems score. This association was mostly driven by HC growth during the first 2 years. We found no association between HC growth and externalising behaviour in either sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Impaired HC growth was related to higher mean internalising problem scores at 5 years of age in girls but not in boys. HC growth was not associated with externalising problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women exposed to famine in early gestation have increased mortality up to age 76 years.","authors":"Aline Marileen Wiegersma, Tessa J Roseboom, Susanne R de Rooij","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We have previously shown that exposure to famine in early gestation was associated with poorer adult health and, in women, with reduced survival up to age 64.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Here, we explore the association between prenatal famine exposure and mortality up to age 76 for men and women separately.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied adult mortality (>18 years) in men (n = 989) and women (n = 1002) born as term singletons around the time of the 1944-1945 Dutch famine. We compared overall and cause-specific mortality among men and women exposed to famine in late, mid, or early gestation to that among unexposed persons (born before or conceived after the famine) using Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 500 persons (25.1%) had died after age 18. Women exposed to famine in early gestation had higher overall (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.00, 2.23), cancer (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.32,3.58) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.33, 95% CI 0.91, 5.95) compared to unexposed women. Mortality rates among men were not different between exposure groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that women, but not men, exposed to famine in early gestation had increased overall, cardiovascular and cancer mortality up to age 76. Although prenatal famine exposure affects adult health of both men and women, it seems to only lead to increased mortality among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Types and timing of trauma exposure across the life course and maternal hypertension.","authors":"Kaitlyn K Stanhope, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Abigail Powers, Sheree L Boulet, Michael R Kramer, Shakira F Suglia","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to trauma across the life course may be associated with cardio-metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy; however, previous research has been inconsistent, particularly in highly exposed populations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate associations between types and timing (first occurrence) of trauma exposure and hypertension experienced during pregnancy in a safety-net hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, 2011-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants completed a 14-item trauma screener. We linked that information to data from the medical record on hypertension (including chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension or preeclampsia). We fit logistic regression models and used the estimates to calculate risk ratios for each trauma type and each critical window (0-9 years, 10-19 and 20+). We fit unadjusted models and adjusted for age, parity and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 704 individuals with a delivery within 12 months following screening. The majority (94%, 661) reported at least one traumatic event, most commonly witnessing violence (79.4%). Overall, 18% experienced gestational hypertension, 10.8% chronic hypertension and 11.9% preeclampsia. Among individuals who reported trauma, 31.5% screened positive for probable posttraumatic stress disorder and 30.9% for probable depression, compared to 0 and 2.3% among those without reported trauma. No trauma type (violence, witnessing violence, non-interpersonal or sexual assault) was associated with increased hypertensive risk, regardless of timing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this sample with a high trauma and hypertension burden, trauma was not associated with an elevated risk of hypertension during pregnancy, despite a high burden of PTSD and depressive symptoms among people with trauma exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}