Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Post-term births as a risk factor for small for gestational age births and infant mortality in Brazil, Mexico, and Palestinian refugees: An analysis of electronic birth records.","authors":"Zeina Jamaluddine, Lorena Suarez Idueta, Enny S Paixao, Julia M Pescarini, Hala Ghattas, Miho Sato, Akihiro Seita, Luis A Martinez-Juarez, Mauricio L Barreto, Eric O Ohuma, Louise T Day, Oona M R Campbell, Hannah Blencowe","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13137","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-term pregnancy, defined as reaching or exceeding 42 + 0 weeks of gestation, is known to be associated with unfavourable birth outcomes. High-income countries have responded to this risk by widely adopting labour induction protocols in late-term, but many low- and middle-income countries have not. However, understanding underlying mechanisms linking post-term births to adverse newborn and infant outcomes remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the (a) prevalence of post-term, (b) the risk factors associated with post-term (c) the association between post-term births and the risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates and of infant mortality in middle-income settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used existing electronic datasets from the general population of Brazil, Mexico, and Palestinian refugees. Regression models were used to explore the associations between post-term birth and SGA and infant mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed 21,335,033 live births in Brazil (2011-2018), 23,416,126 in Mexico (2008-2019), and 966,102 in Palestinian refugees (2010-2020) (N = 45,717,261). Post-term deliveries accounted for 3.1% of births in Brazil, 1.2% in Mexico, and 2.1% in Palestinian refugees. Post-term births had approximately three times the risk of resulting in SGA neonates compared to term births. Additionally, post-term neonates exhibited a 15% to 40% increased risk of infant mortality compared to term infants. Notably, post-term SGA neonates faced a significantly increased risk of infant mortality compared to term appropriate for gestational age neonates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings emphasise the critical significance of implementing induction strategies to prevent post-term pregnancies and mitigate the associated risks of SGA neonates and subsequent infant mortality. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of accurately determining gestational age and using INTERGROWTH-21st charts to improve the identification of SGA cases, enabling targeted interventions. This is especially relevant because post-term SGA neonates may not exhibit low birthweight (a commonly used risk marker) and, therefore, may miss out on required specialised attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"149-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Life Exposures and Odds of Adenomyosis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.","authors":"Mandy S Hall, Holly R Harris, Sawsan As-Sanie, Kristen Upson","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenomyosis can confer life-altering symptoms such as pelvic pain. Yet, the epidemiologic study of this uterine condition lags other gynaecologic conditions. This includes the investigation of intrauterine exposures that could disrupt foetal development and contribute to the presence of adenomyosis in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated nine early-life factors and the odds of adenomyosis using data from a population-based case-control study of enrollees of an integrated healthcare system in Washington State ages 18-59.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cases (n = 386) had incident, pathology-confirmed adenomyosis diagnosed between 2001 and 2006. Two control groups were employed: hysterectomy controls (n = 233) and randomly selected age-matched enrollees with an intact uterus ('population controls', n = 323). The primary study activity was a structured in-person interview; participants were also mailed a family history questionnaire that included questions on early-life factors. We conducted logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between early-life factors and adenomyosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing cases to population controls, our data suggested an 80% increased odds of adenomyosis with younger maternal age at participant's birth (≤ 19 vs. ages 25-29) (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 0.94, 3.50) and a 50% increased odds of adenomyosis for participants who were the fourth or later live birth (vs. firstborn) (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 0.88, 2.59). Among never-smoking participants, our data suggested a 50% increased odds of adenomyosis with intrauterine exposure to cigarette smoking (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 0.92, 2.46). In analyses using hysterectomy controls, these associations were attenuated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggested that several intrauterine exposures were associated with increased odds of adenomyosis in adulthood. The intrauterine period may be a susceptible window for subsequent development of adenomyosis and warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"187-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To What End? Clarifying the Purpose and Value of Birth Cohorts.","authors":"David A Savitz","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13169","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"218-219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Gestational Age and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yiman Zhai, Hao Gou, Xiangjuan Sun","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With genetics thought to explain a portion of the overall risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), environmental risk factors in early life have been proposed. Previous studies on the incidence of T1DM in children or adolescents by gestational age at birth have yielded inconsistent results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To clarify the association between gestational age at birth and T1DM in childhood/adolescence and to offer evidence-based support for the prevention or screening of T1DM.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from the inception of the databases to February 7, 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>Data were extracted using a standardised form created a priori, and quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</p><p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>Due to the diversity of gestational age groups in the original studies, a Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to discuss the association of different gestational ages with the risk of T1DM in childhood/adolescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13 studies on children/adolescents with T1DM were included. Compared with the gestational age of 39-40 weeks, gestational ages of < 37 weeks (odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.19, 1.53), 33-36 weeks (OR 1.19, 95% CrI 1.11, 1.27), and 37-38 weeks (OR 1.26, 95% CrI 1.21, 1.30) were correlated with an increased risk of T1DM, whereas gestational ages of < 32 weeks (OR 0.61, 95% CrI 0.43, 0.88) and < 33 weeks (OR 0.72, 95% CrI 0.59, 0.87) were correlated with a lower risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A higher risk of T1DM was observed in infants born early term or preterm compared to full-term infants. However, the results of this network meta-analysis indicate that extremely or very preterm infants were less likely to develop T1DM. Further studies are needed to validate this in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"220-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructed Labour and Uterine Rupture in the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study: A Metric Requiring Nuanced Interpretation.","authors":"Justin S Brandt, Sasha Hernandez","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13172","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"146-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Term Birth in Middle Income Countries: Data and Public Health Challenges.","authors":"Helen Dolk, Inez Cooke","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13175","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"159-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Addressing the Role of Socioeconomic Status in Perinatal Famine Exposure.","authors":"Albana Isai","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations for Improving Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies in Europe Using Healthcare Databases.","authors":"Maria Loane, Joan K Morris, Ester Garne","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although accessing administrative data in healthcare databases may be a more time-efficient and cost-effective method of conducting surveillance, there is evidence suggesting that administrative data alone are not sufficient for population-based surveillance of congenital anomalies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To propose recommendations to maximise the potential use of healthcare databases for surveillance of congenital anomalies based on our data linkage experiences and results from the EUROlinkCAT study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EUROlinkCAT is a population-based cohort study of 99,416 children with anomalies born between 1995 and 2014. The congenital anomaly case records of children in 11 European congenital anomaly (EUROCAT) registries (eight countries) were linked to standardised administrative healthcare data (birth records, death records and hospital discharge records) to evaluate mortality and morbidity outcomes in these children. Overall, 97% of children with anomalies were successfully matched to their records in their national or regional administrative databases. Recommendations to improve surveillance of anomalies when using healthcare data were developed through establishing and analysing data from this cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary recommendation is to develop systems to report anomalies diagnosed in foetuses who undergo a termination and link these data to their mothers. Each liveborn baby must be assigned a permanent unique identification number at birth to enable accurate linkage across healthcare databases. Implementing and improving existing algorithms to discriminate between major anomalies and suspected or minor anomalies will improve accuracy in coding. Heterogeneity in coding anomalies will improve by avoiding the use of 'unspecified' or 'other specified' codes in hospital databases. Relaxation of country-specific regulations concerning the suppression of small numbers are necessary to enable data to be combined across European countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementation of these recommendations will enable the information in electronic healthcare databases, in conjunction with Congenital Anomaly registries, to be fully exploited and hence will improve the surveillance of anomalies in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential Exposure to PM_2.5 Constituents and Fecundability in a Danish Preconception Cohort.","authors":"Amelia K Wesselink, Benjamin R Johannesen, Tanran R Wang, Matthias Ketzel, Ellen M Mikkelsen, Jørgen Brandt, Jibran Khan, Ole Hertel, Anne Sofie Dam Laursen, Mary D Willis, Jonathan I Levy, Kenneth J Rothman, Henrik T Sørensen, Lauren A Wise, Elizabeth E Hatch","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13174","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that ambient concentrations of particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) are associated with reduced fecundability, the per cycle probability of conception. The specific constituents driving this association are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We examined the association between ambient concentrations of PM_2.5 constituents and fecundability in a Danish preconception cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During 2007-2018, we enrolled female pregnancy planners in an Internet-based preconception cohort study. We included the 5905 participants who had been trying to conceive for < 3 cycles at study enrollment. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and follow-up questionnaires every 8 weeks to update pregnancy status. We geocoded time-varying residential addresses to estimate ambient concentrations of total PM_2.5 and the following PM_2.5 constituents: elemental carbon (EC), primary organic aerosol (POA), secondary organic aerosols (SOA), sulfate (SO₄ ^2-), ammonium (NH₄ ⁺), nitrate (NO₃ ^-), and sea salt. We averaged concentrations of each pollutant across each menstrual cycle at risk. We fit proportional probabilities regression models to estimate fecundability ratios (FR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders and co-pollutants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total PM_2.5 concentrations were associated with reduced fecundability (the FR for an IQR increase, corresponding to 3.2 μg/m³, was 0.93 [95% CI 0.87, 0.99]). The association was strongest for POA: the FR for an IQR increase, corresponding to 1.3 μg/m³, was 0.92 (95% CI 0.84, 1.01). The corresponding FRs for the remaining PM_2.5 constituents were 0.96 (95% CI 0.87, 1.05) for EC (IQR = 0.5 μg/m³), 0.98 (95% CI 0.91, 1.06) for SOA (IQR = 0.5), 0.97 (95% CI 0.92, 1.02) for SO₂ ^4- (IQR = 0.4), 0.95 (95% CI 0.91, 1.01) for NH₄ ⁺ (IQR = 0.5), 0.97 (95% CI 0.93, 1.01) for NO₃ ^- (IQR = 1.0), and 1.00 (95% CI 0.95, 1.06) for sea salt (IQR = 0.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this Danish preconception cohort study, PM_2.5 constituents derived from biomass and transportation-related combustion may drive the association between PM_2.5 concentrations and fecundability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing of Delivery of Low-Risk Persons and the Risk of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: Sweden and British Columbia, Canada.","authors":"Thi Hoang Ha Nguyen, M Zakir Hossin, Stefanie Schmauder, Giulia M Muraca, Sarka Lisonkova, Neda Razaz","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An evidence gap exists concerning the timing of delivery at 37-42 weeks and the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the association between timing of delivery in low-risk pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) gestations and ADHD in offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study comprised 1,424,453 singletons in Sweden and 403,765 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, live-born at 37-42 completed weeks to low-risk pregnant women between 2000 and 2018. Children were followed up from age 1 until the date of death, emigration, their first diagnosis, or December 2020 (study's end date). The exposure was time of delivery assessed through gestational age, and the outcome was the diagnosis of ADHD. Cox regression models were used to examine the association between gestational age at delivery and ADHD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period, 59,989 children in Sweden were diagnosed with ADHD (4.5 per 1000 child-years). Correspondingly, in BC, during the same period, there were 27,445 children diagnosed with ADHD (7.4 per 1000 child-years). In Sweden, the adjusted hazard of ADHD was 10%, 6%, and 3% higher at 37, 38, and 39 weeks gestation compared with those born at ≥ 38, ≥ 39, and ≥ 40 weeks, respectively. In BC, the corresponding hazards were 9%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. Both regions showed no elevated ADHD risks for infants born at 40 weeks compared to those born at ≥ 41 weeks, with slightly lower rates at 40 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In low-risk pregnancies, births at 37 and 38 weeks were associated with a higher ADHD risk, while births at 40 weeks showed no increased risk compared with those born at later gestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}