Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Left Truncation in the Periviable Period and the Black Survival Advantage.","authors":"Tim A Bruckner, Allison Stolte, Brenda Bustos, Alison Gemmill, Joan A Casey, Hedwig Lee, Ralph A Catalano","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infants born in the periviable period show an extremely high risk of infant death. At all gestational ages in the periviable period, non-Hispanic (NH) Black infants counterintuitively show relatively lower infant mortality risk than do NH white infants. The literature theorises that cohort variation over time in pregnancy loss (a form of left truncation in utero) could explain a portion of this survival advantage.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We test this left truncation hypothesis in the US (Jan 1996 to Jun 2018) by focusing on NH Black singleton periviable males. We use twin sex ratios as a gauge of cohort left truncation against frail males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved US birth and infant death records for all NH Black and NH white singleton infants born in the periviable range for 282 monthly conception cohorts. We used high and low outliers in the monthly sex ratio of extremely preterm twins (M:F), where a higher sex ratio indicates less selection against frail males. We applied augmented time-series methods which control for both autocorrelation and confounding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NH Black male periviable singleton infants show a stronger survival advantage (relative to NH whites) for cohorts with high outliers in left truncation (4.0 fewer deaths per 100 live births, 95% confidence interval 1.0, 7.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated left truncation in utero may contribute to the survival advantage of NH Black male singletons in the periviable period. Observed racial/ethnic differences in infant mortality across conception cohorts vary, at least in part, from left truncation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Perinatal Health in Europe: A Comparison of Routine Population Birth Data Sources.","authors":"Marianne Philibert, Mika Gissler, Oscar Zurriaga, Serena Donati, Zeljka Drausnik, Günther Heller, Alison Macfarlane, Ashna Mohangoo, Luule Sakkeus, Vlad Tica, Petr Velebil, Jeannette Klimont, Lisa Broeders, Tonia A Rihs, Jennifer Zeitlin","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>International comparisons of population birth data provide essential benchmarks for evaluating perinatal health policies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to describe routine national data sources in Europe by their ability to provide core perinatal health indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Euro-Peristat Network collected routine national data on a recommended set of core indicators from 2015 to 2021 using a federated protocol based on a common data model with 16 data items. Data providers completed an online questionnaire to describe the sources used in each country. We classified countries by the number of data items they provided (all 16, 15-14, < 14).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 out of the 31 countries that provided data responded to the survey. Routine data sources included birth certificates (15 countries), electronic medical records (EMR) from delivery hospitalisations (16 countries), direct entry by health providers (9 countries), EMR from other care providers (7 countries) and Hospital Discharge Summaries (7 countries). Completeness of population coverage was at least 98%, with 17 countries reporting 100%. These databases most often included mothers giving birth in the national territory, regardless of nationality or place of residence (24 countries), whereas others register births to residents only. In 20 countries, routine sources were linked, including linkage between birth and death certificates (16 countries). Countries providing all 16 items (N = 8) were more likely to use EMRs from delivery hospitalisations (100%) compared to 50% and 11% in countries with 15-14 items (N = 12) and < 14 items (N = 9), respectively. Linkage was also more common in these countries (100%) versus 75% and 56%, respectively. Other data source characteristics did not differ by the ability to provide data on core perinatal indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are wide differences between countries in the data sources used to construct perinatal health indicators in Europe. Countries using EMR linking to other sources had the best data availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent Risk Factors for Adult Pre-Pregnancy Obesity and High Gestational Weight Gain: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Susan M Mason, Kriszta Farkas, Lisa M Bodnar, Richard F MacLehose, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Risk factors during adolescence appear to shape adult health, but little is known about how they are associated with pregnancy health.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to assess whether a variety of adolescent risk factors with links to adult overweight or obesity are associated with pre-pregnancy obesity (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m²) and high gestational weight gain (GWG; > 0.5 SD for pre-pregnancy BMI category and gestational age) in a cohort of women participating since adolescence in a longitudinal cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At age 11-18 years participants reported on adolescent risk factors (overweight or obesity, healthy and unhealthy home food availability, food insufficiency, family meals, depressive symptoms, body dissatisfaction, weight teasing, binge eating, unhealthy weight control behaviours and dieting). Twenty years later, participants reporting a live birth (n = 656) recalled their pre-pregnancy weight and total GWG. Modified Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations of each factor with pre-pregnancy obesity and high GWG, adjusting for sociodemographics. We used Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations to account for outcome misclassification using internal validation data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen percent of the sample had pre-pregnancy obesity and 26% had high GWG. Adolescent overweight or obesity (RR = 4.98, 95% CI 3.27, 7.57), body dissatisfaction (RR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.31, 3.03) and unhealthy weight control behaviours (RR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.74), among other factors, were associated with pre-pregnancy obesity risk. For high GWG, there were imprecise associations with adolescent overweight or obesity (RR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.31), binge eating (RR = 1.36; 95% CI: 0.77, 2.39) and unhealthy weight control behaviours (RR = 1.38; 95% CI: 0.84, 2.25), among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that some risk markers for pre-pregnancy obesity (and possibly high GWG) may be apparent as early as adolescence. Supporting adolescent health and well-being might have a role in improving weight-related health in the perinatal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Addressing the Role of Socioeconomic Status in Perinatal Famine Exposure.","authors":"Albana Isai","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"301-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Life-Course Approach to Gestational Exposure to Famine and Risk of Mortality.","authors":"Rana F Chehab, Sonia M Grandi, Susanna D Mitro","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"242-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clearing the Air on Reproductive Health: Unpacking the Impact of PM₂ _.5 Constituents on Fecundability.","authors":"Stefania Papatheodorou","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"262-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postneonatal Cerebral Palsy in Europe: Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics According to Contributory Events: An SCPE Study.","authors":"Malika Delobel-Ayoub, Virginie Ehlinger, Dana Klapouszczak, Anja Troha Gergeli, Elodie Sellier, Katalin Hollody, Daniel Virella, Torstein Vik, Célia Perret, Nicolas Vidart d'Egurbide Bagazgoïtia, Karen Horridge, Catherine Arnaud","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postneonatal cerebral palsy (PNCP) is rare and requires large databases to be studied over time.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the time trend of prevalence of PNCP overall and by cause, and to describe the clinical characteristics of children with PNCP according to cause and compared with children with pre/peri/neonatal CP (PPNCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) database was used. Primary events (the first known chronological event in the causal chain) were classified according to the SCPE classification (six main and 19 sub-categories). Prevalence trends for children born during 1976-2012 were modelled using multilevel generalised linear models. The clinical characteristics of PNCP and PPNCP cases born after 1998 were reported as proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rates of PNCP were 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37, 2.23) and 0.82 per 10,000 live births (95% CI 0.73, 0.92) in children born during 1976-1980 and 2006-2012, respectively. The models showed a 2% annual decline in overall prevalence (prevalence rate multiplied by 0.98 each year) and a 10% decline for infectious causes for every 5-year change. The prevalence rate in children born during 2006-2012 was 0.26 per 10,000 (95% CI 0.21, 0.32) for infectious causes, which remained the most frequent. No trend emerged for other causes. Unilateral spastic CP, associated impairments and severe gross motor dysfunction were more frequent in PNCP than in PPNCP, and PNCP showed predominantly grey matter injury (55.6%). Seventeen percent were born preterm. PNCP differed by cause, with cerebrovascular accidents presenting the least severe and hypoxic causes the most severe forms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirms the decrease in the prevalence of PNCP in children born up to 2012, particularly for CP, due to infectious causes, which remain the most frequent. Children with PNCP had more severe presentation overall than those with PPNCP, with severity depending on the cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"287-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surviving Severe Bleeding After Childbirth: Consequences Along the Life Course?","authors":"Ugochinyere Vivian Ukah, Cande V Ananth","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"254-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Postneonatally Acquired Cerebral Palsy: Insights From a CP Surveillance Network.","authors":"Hayley Smithers-Sheedy, Sarah McIntyre","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"299-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Influences on Maternal Health: A Norwegian Register-Based Study.","authors":"Darci N Johnson, Jennifer R Harris, Martin Flatø","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal health is an important health indicator globally, and a major women's health issue. Efforts to improve maternal health can help ensure that women, their offspring, and their families reach their full potential for health and well-being.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We analysed how social factors influence adverse maternal health outcomes and non-spontaneous delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We leveraged data from the population-based Norwegian register, including use of the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN), the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR), Statistics Norway (SSB) and the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursements Database (KUHR), to analyse the relationships between education, income and immigrant status, and 11 adverse health and non-spontaneous delivery. The study included data from 596,306 pregnancies registered in Norway between 2009 and 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the frequency of adverse health outcomes and of non-spontaneous delivery decreased with each increase in educational attainment and income. Compared to completion of lower secondary education or less, achieving a graduate-level education was associated with a 36% lower risk of an adverse maternal health outcome after adjusting for age, parity and county. The risk was 18% lower for the highest compared to the lowest income quintile. The highest educated group had 35% lower risk of non-spontaneous delivery than the lowest educated, with the same adjustments. The highest income group had a 16% lower risk of such deliveries than the lowest. Descendants of immigrants face higher risk of adverse health outcomes than immigrants. Higher maternal age partly mitigates the higher health risk among women with low income and education.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even though access to care is more equitable in Norway than in many other countries, we still found a pattern of risk associated with social determinants of health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}