Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Who Is at Risk for Stillbirth? The Discussion Continues.","authors":"Robert W Platt","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13179","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"205-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational Age-Specific Stillbirth Rates: Are We Using the Right Denominator?","authors":"Jessica Sexton, Aleena M Wojcieszek, Georgina M Chambers, Michael Coory, Christine Andrews, Aya Al-Gharibeh, David Ellwood, Vicki Flenady","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, a stillbirth occurs every 17 seconds totalling almost 2 million every year. The global standard for reporting stillbirths is the stillbirth rate. While a critical and accessible summary statistic, it masks gestational age-specific trends.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to summarise and critique stillbirth trends and document gestational age-specific rates and risk calculations according to three published methodologies: gestational age-specific stillbirth rate (GS-SBR), foetus-at-risk (FAR) stillbirth rate, and continuity corrected foetus-at-risk (ccFAR) stillbirth rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all births from the National Perinatal Data Collection in Australia (1998-2018). Stillbirth was defined as the birth of a baby with no sign of life from 20 weeks of gestation or weighing 400 grams at birth. Three statistical measures were applied reflecting alternate denominators: the GS-SBR measure used the number of births in a given week, the FAR used the number of foetuses in utero at the start of a week, and the ccFAR used the number of foetuses at the midpoint of the week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Australia from 1998 to 2018, there were 39,576 stillbirths among 5.9 million births, an overall stillbirth rate of 6.7 per 1000 births. For each week of gestation (20-41+), the average GS-SBR varied from 1.0 to 790.0 stillbirths per 1000 births; FAR varied from 0.1 to 1.2 stillbirths per 1000 FAR; and ccFAR varied from 0.1 to 2.4 stillbirths per 1000 ongoing pregnancies. The three stillbirth rate calculations showed distinct trends during pregnancy, and only FAR and ccFAR reflected increased stillbirth risk as gestation advances.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When calculating gestational-age-specific stillbirth rates, the FAR or ccFAR approaches provide the most accurate representation of the probability of stillbirth throughout pregnancy and better enable clinicians to act on risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Survey of Neonates in Pomerania: Design, Recruitment and Follow-Up of the Second Cohort, 2013-2017.","authors":"Matthias Heckmann, Felicitas Bruer, Heike Allenberg, Wolfgang Göpel, Marek Zygmunt, Till Ittermann, Anja Lange","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (SNiP) is a birth cohort study conducted in Western Pomerania, Germany. SNiP-I recruited participants at birth between the years 2002 and 2008 (5801 inclusions). Since SNiP-I, population sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of early exposures, including overweight and gestational diabetes (GDM), have changed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To establish a second birth cohort (SNiP-II) in the same study area as the first population sample (SNiP-I) a decade later to investigate changes to early life exposures.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>Mothers with registered principal residence in the defined study area.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, population-based, birth cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The baseline survey of SNiP-II was conducted at birth between 2013 and 2017. The SNiP-I data set, on medical, epidemiological and socioeconomic data, associated health risk factors and the living conditions of newborns and their parents, and collection and storage of biomaterials, was improved and supplemented with additional data, including fetal growth parameters, urine samples, and maternal DNA. A follow-up survey of SNiP-II of children and their parents was conducted using questionnaires at 5-6 years of age. In a subgroup, an additional 2-h follow-up with clinical testing was performed by the German Neonatal Network (GNN).</p><p><strong>Preliminary results: </strong>The baseline survey database includes 3502 mother-infant pairs, and 1194 (34%) participated in the SNiP-II follow-up study, with 401 in the clinical sub-study by GNN. Mothers in SNiP-II were older, more likely to have GDM and to be overweight, had better SES and smoked less during pregnancy than mothers in SNiP-I. Newborns in SNiP-II were less likely to be hospitalised than those in SNiP-I.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with SNiP-I, SNiP-II documents changes in the prevalence of early exposures during the prenatal and perinatal period. Using data from these prospective birth cohorts provides an opportunity to address research questions on how changes in exposures during pregnancy affect maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"207-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition in Adults Born at Very Low Birthweight-A Sibling Study.","authors":"Samuel Sandboge, Juho Kuula, Helena Hauta-Alus, Nina Kaseva, Laura Jussinniemi, Johan Björkqvist, Petteri Hovi, Johan G Eriksson, Outi Mäkitie, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Eero Kajantie","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals born preterm at very low birthweight (VLBW, < 1500 g) tend to attain a smaller adult body size compared with term-born peers but less is known regarding specific body composition characteristics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to assess whether adults born at VLBW have less beneficial body composition characteristics, potentially mediating the association between VLBW birth and cardiometabolic disease. Sibling controls were used to account for the potential influence of shared genetic and/or lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study featured 77 adults born at VLBW and 70 term-born siblings. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessment took place at a mean age of 29 years. Fat mass (FM) distribution was calculated by dividing appendicular by truncal FM. Appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) measurements were used to calculate two indices: Skeletal mass index (SMI, ASM divided by height squared) and ASM/BMI (ASM divided by body mass index). Data were analysed by linear mixed models. An exploratory analysis subdivided the VLBW group by size at gestational age [small or appropriate for gestational age (SGA, defined as a birthweight < 2 SD, or AGA)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants born at VLBW were lighter (-4.7 kg, 95% CI -8.2, -1.2) and shorter (-4.3 cm, 95% CI -6.2, -2.4) than sibling peers. After controlling for sex, age, and maternal factors, they had lower limb/trunk fat ratios (-0.06, 95% CI -0.11, -0.003), LBM (-2.02 kg, 95% CI -3.92, -0.12), ASM (-1.22 kg, 95% CI -2.14, -0.30) and ASM/BMI (-0.05, 95% CI -0.10, -0.004). FM and SMI did not differ between groups. In the subgroup analysis, findings were limited to those born VLBW + SGA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals born at VLBW had, on average, lower limb/trunk fat ratios and lower relative ASM compared with term-born siblings. A more centralised fat distribution, as well as lower appendicular muscle mass, could potentially mediate the association between VLBW birth and cardiometabolic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and electrocardiographic findings among newborns: The Copenhagen Baby Heart Study.","authors":"Emil H Nørskov, Maria M Pærregaard, Anna A Raja, Anne-Sophie Sillesen, Alex H Christensen, Henning Bundgaard, Heather A Boyd, Kasper K Iversen, R Ottilia B Vøgg","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13117","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal preeclampsia is associated with both congenital heart defects and changes in left ventricular structure and function in the offspring. Whether preeclampsia and gestational hypertension also affect the offspring's cardiac conduction system is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assesses whether infants exposed to maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) exhibit changes in their electrocardiogram (ECG) compared with infants unexposed to HDPs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study included newborns from the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study who had an ECG performed within 30 days of birth and had available obstetric information. ECG parameters of newborns exposed to maternal HDPs were compared with those of unexposed newborns using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study cohort included 11,826 newborns, including 441 exposed to maternal preeclampsia and 320 exposed to gestational hypertension. Infants exposed to preeclampsia had prolonged QRS durations (adjusted mean difference 0.6 ms, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04, 1.16) and lower maximum amplitudes of the R-wave in V1 (adjusted mean difference, linear scale 0.95, 95% CI 0.90, 1.00), compared with unexposed infants. Exposure to maternal preeclampsia was not associated with changes in other ECG parameters. Exposure to gestational hypertension was associated with increased QT interval durations (QT_c Bazett, adjusted mean difference 2.48 ms, 95% CI -0.23, 5.20; QT_c Fridericia, adjusted mean difference 2.32 ms, 95% CI -0.19, 4.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that the newborn cardiac conduction system is affected by exposure to maternal preeclampsia. This could reflect the previously described thickening of the left ventricular myocardium in infants exposed to preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Birthweight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk: Nature Versus Nurture?","authors":"Jeanie L Y Cheong","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13171","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"184-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are There Indicators of Risk for Adenomyosis Already in Early Life?","authors":"Julie Aarestrup","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"196-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional and National Burden of Maternal Obstructed Labour and Uterine Rupture, 1990-2021: Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Zhifeng Guo, Wangquan Ji, Mengqing Yan, Yang Shi, Teng Chen, Fanghui Bai, Yu Wu, Zhe Guo, Linlin Song","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13156","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal obstructed labour and uterine rupture (MOLUR) are among the major maternal labour complications that threaten maternal and child health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to systematically analyse the global burden of MOLUR using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021) database to inform further improvements in maternal-related public health policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Incidence and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) data on MOLUR from 1990 to 2021 were collected in the GBD 2021. The joinpoint and Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to analyse and predict time burden trends. The slope index and concentration index were used to evaluate health inequality. Frontier analysis was used to visualise the potential for burden reduction in individual countries or territories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, 13,471,093 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8,938,373, 19,008,282) incident cases of MOLUR were reported worldwide, which caused 1,067,270 (95% UI 896,161, 1,275,042) DALYs. Over the past three decades, there has been an overall downward trend in the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised DALY rate (ASDR) of MOLUR globally, with the ASIR decreasing from 554.0 (95% UI 355.6, 786.3) per 100,000 in 1990 to 347.0 (95% UI 228.8, 489.4) in 2021. The ASDR decreased from 65.4 (95% UI 56.0, 75.7) per 100,000 in 1990 to 27.0 (95% UI 22.7, 32.2) in 2021. By 2040, the global ASIRs and ASDRs projections for MOLUR will likely continue to decline. Socioeconomic-related inequalities are narrowing, but the burden remains concentrated in low socioeconomically developed countries. Israel and Afghanistan showed the largest differences from the frontier boundaries of ASIR and ASDR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the global burden of MOLUR has declined in the last three decades, it remains high and is still concentrated in economically underdeveloped countries. The reduction in DALYs attributable to MOLUR globally reflects significant progress in improving maternal health and reducing complications of childbirth.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric Type 1 Diabetes Still Remains a Challenge.","authors":"Martina Persson","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13180","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"230-231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Weight, Child Mind: Is Poor Cognitive Development a Foregone Conclusion?","authors":"Amy R Nichols","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.70001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":"39 2","pages":"175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}