Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Assisted Reproduction Technology and Men's Mental Health: An Overlooked Association.","authors":"Alice Goisis, Marco Tosi","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"326-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing the Value of Birthweight-For-Gestational-Age Centiles in the Prediction of Serious Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality.","authors":"Gabriella R Lobitz, Justin S Brandt","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70137","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"411-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Surveillance of Birth Defects: Implications of Temporal Changes in Genetic Diagnosis.","authors":"Wendy N Nembhard, Gary M Shaw","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"426-428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Black Box of Antidepressant Treatment Persistence in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Rikke Wesselhoeft, Helene Kildegaard","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"361-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the Dispensing of Antibiotics to Australian Children Between 2013 and 2023: Are We Heading in the Right Direction?","authors":"Erin Kelty, Ella Tairy, Scott Sims, Carol Orr, Amy Page, David B Preen, Frank M Sanfilippo, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Ebony Quintrell","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical public health issue, exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Children are particularly susceptible to bacterial infections and are frequently prescribed antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined trends in antibiotic dispensing to children aged under 13 years in Australia between 2013 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study used a 10% random sample of dispensing records for nationally subsidised prescription antibiotics. The number of children dispensed an antibiotic was calculated for each year and expressed per 100 children. Trends were analysed using joinpoint regression overall and by age group, sex, the World Health Organisation's Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) system of antibiotic classification and antibiotic subtype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2013 and 2023, 3,406,208 antibiotic prescriptions were dispensed to 554,837 children. There was a decrease in the total number of antibiotic prescriptions dispensed, falling from 103 prescriptions dispensed for every 100 children in 2013 to 63 prescriptions in 2023 (annual percent change [APC]: -6.9, 95% CI: -9.8, -4.4). While decreases were observed for medications classified as 'Access' (APC: -5.8, 95% CI: -8.7, -3.1), the largest decrease was observed in 'Watch' medications (APC: -15.0, 95% CI: -19.4, -11.7). Decreases were observed in the proportion of children dispensed an antibiotic, declining from 45.7% in 2013 to 33.6% in 2023 (APC: -4.7%, 95% CI: -7.1%, -2.5%). Reductions in dispensing were observed overall and by sex, age groups and most antibiotic types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibiotic dispensing in Australian children has decreased over the past decade, for all ages, sexes and antibiotic sub-classes, likely reflecting implemented policies and efforts to curb overuse of antibiotic medicines and AMR during this period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"342-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive Weight Gain in Pregnancy: Time for Action.","authors":"Nandita Perumal, Thais Rangel Bousquet Carrilho","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70134","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"339-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Fertility Rates Among Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disability Enrolled in Medicaid and/or Medicare, 2011-2022.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Outcomes of Surgically Managed Ectopic Pregnancy in Women With Disabilities: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Natalie V Scime, Beili Huang, Hilary K Brown, Erin A Brennand","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disparities in the incidence, management, and outcomes of ectopic pregnancy have been documented among marginalised patients; however, there are few data on ectopic pregnancy in women with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the incidence and outcomes of surgically managed ectopic pregnancy in women with and without disability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using the National Inpatient Sample of discharges from US community hospitals (January 2016-December 2021). We analysed 9769 hospitalisations for surgically managed ectopic pregnancy among females aged 15-44 years. Disability was measured using a published administrative data diagnosis code algorithm. Outcomes were the incidence rate of ectopic pregnancy, surgical management approach (route, tubal removal versus sparing), complications (length of stay [LOS] ≥ 3 days, blood transfusion), and use of more extensive procedures than are standard (hysterectomy, oophorectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, tubal ligation). Weighted analyses were used to generate unadjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) and outcome risk ratios (RR) from modified Poisson regression adjusted for year of surgery, socio-demographics, smoking, and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of surgically managed ectopic pregnancy was 2.8 per 1000 obstetric deliveries in disabled females and 2.3 per 1000 in non-disabled females (IRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.08, 1.45). Compared to non-disabled females, disabled females more often experienced prolonged LOS (adjusted RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.03, 1.74) and use of extensive procedures (adjusted RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.11, 2.00), including hysterectomy (adjusted RR 1.75, 95% CI 0.91, 3.36), oophorectomy (adjusted RR 1.43, 95% CI 0.96, 2.13), and bilateral salpingectomy (adjusted RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.71, 2.37); however, some estimates were imprecise due to low cell counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Disabled women faced slightly higher rates of surgically managed ectopic pregnancy and use of more extensive surgical procedures, including sterilisation. Targeted patient education on ectopic pregnancy and equity-focused guidance for surgeons may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"378-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Birthweight-For-Gestational Age Centiles Predict Serious Neonatal Morbidity and Neonatal Mortality?","authors":"Sid John, K S Joseph, John Fahey, Shiliang Liu, Sarka Lisonkova, Michael S Kramer","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies show that foetal and birthweight-for-gestational age centiles are poor predictors of serious neonatal morbidity and neonatal mortality (SNMM) in univariable models.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed the predictive performance of multivariable SNMM models based on maternal/pregnancy characteristics, with and without birthweight centiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on all live births in the United States, 2019-2021, with data obtained from the period live birth-infant death files of the National Center for Health Statistics. SNMM was defined as any one or more of the following: 5-minute Apgar score < 4, seizures, assisted ventilation for> 30 or neonatal death. SNMM was modelled by log-linear regression on maternal/pregnancy characteristics as predictors, with and without birthweight centiles. Models were developed for live births at 24-42 weeks' and 39 weeks' gestation to all women and those with hypertensive disorders or pre-existing diabetes. Model performance was assessed using area under the curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 10,487,243 live births and 221,728 SNMM cases (2.1 per 100 live births). The models with all live births at 24-42 weeks' gestation had AUCs of 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82, 0.83) based on maternal/pregnancy characteristics and 0.83 (95% CI 0.83, 0.84) based on maternal/pregnancy characteristics and birthweight centiles. However, AUCs of models based on all live births at 39 weeks' gestation were 0.66 (95% CI 0.64, 0.68) with maternal/pregnancy characteristics and 0.69 (95% CI 0.68, 0.71) with maternal/pregnancy characteristics and birthweight centiles. AUCs of the models with live births at 39 weeks' gestation to women with pre-existing diabetes were 0.69 (95% CI 0.66, 0.72) based on maternal/pregnancy characteristics, and 0.77 (95% CI 0.74, 0.79) with the addition of birthweight centiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Birthweight centiles improve multivariable SNMM predictive performance in specific subpopulations, although evaluation of decision thresholds is required to determine the clinical importance of improvement in predictive ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"400-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching Patterns of Antidepressant Treatment in Children and Adolescents in Australia, 2014-2022: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study.","authors":"Gizat M Kassie, Jenni Ilomaki, Stephen J Wood, Jacqueline Gould, Melissa Raven, Jon N Jureidini, Luke E Grzeskowiak","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antidepressant switching is often indicative of treatment dissatisfaction; however, data regarding patterns, associated factors and timing of switching in children and adolescents remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine switching patterns of antidepressant use and predictors of switching in Australian children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of children and adolescents aged 5-18 years who initiated antidepressants between 2014 and 2022 was conducted, using a 10% random sample of the national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme dispensing data. We determined the proportions of initiators who switched between antidepressants within 12 months of initiation. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the risk of switching by patient characteristic factors, and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 44,381 child and adolescent antidepressant initiators, the most commonly initiated antidepressant being fluoxetine. Approximately one in six children and adolescents aged 5-18 years at initiation (15.0%) switched to a different antidepressant within the first 12 months. Most switches were to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Individuals with a commonwealth healthcare concession card were less likely to switch antidepressants within 12 months (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86, 0.96). Females (aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.17, 1.31), those starting with antidepressants other than fluoxetine and concurrent anxiolytic users were more likely to switch.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Switching between antidepressants is a common practice among children and adolescents in Australia, with most switches occurring during the early phases of treatment and primarily to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. A better understanding of the reasons for switching is important for informing tailored management approaches and improving treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"352-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}