Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Obstetrical complications and chronic health along the life course: What we know, what we don't, and where we go from here?","authors":"Sonia M Grandi, Cande V Ananth","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10977650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between cumulative maternal exposures related to inflammation and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A cohort study.","authors":"Timothy C Nielsen, Natasha Nassar, Antonia W Shand, Hannah F Jones, Velda X Han, Shrujna Patel, Adam J Guastella, Russell C Dale, Samantha J Lain","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preclinical studies suggest synergistic effects of maternal inflammatory exposures on offspring neurodevelopment, but human studies have been limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the cumulative association and potential interactions between seven maternal exposures related to inflammation and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based cohort study of children born from July 2001 to December 2011 in New South Wales, Australia, and followed up until December 2014. Seven maternal exposures were identified from birth data and hospital admissions during pregnancy: autoimmune disease, asthma, hospitalization for infection, mood or anxiety disorder, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Child ADHD was identified from stimulant prescription records. Multivariable Cox regression assessed the association between individual and cumulative exposures and ADHD and potential interaction between exposures, controlling for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 908,770 children, one-third (281,724) with one or more maternal exposures. ADHD was identified in 16,297 children (incidence 3.5 per 1000 person-years) with median age of 7 (interquartile range 2) years at first treatment. Each exposure was independently associated with ADHD, and risk increased with additional exposures: one exposure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54, 1.65), two exposures (HR 2.25, 95% CI 2.13, 2.37), and three or more exposures (HR 3.28, 95% CI 2.95, 3.64). Positive interaction was found between smoking and infection. The largest effect size was found for cumulative exposure of asthma, infection, mood or anxiety disorder, and smoking (HR 6.12, 95% CI 3.47, 10.70).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies cumulative effects of multiple maternal exposures related to inflammation on ADHD, most potentially preventable or modifiable. Future studies should incorporate biomarkers of maternal inflammation and consider gene-environment interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138445613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing cardiovascular disease risk in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A guidance paper for studies using administrative data.","authors":"Amy Johnston, Graeme N Smith, Peter Tanuseputro, Thais Coutinho, Jodi D Edwards","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, and their association with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk represents a major public health concern. However, assessing CVD risk in women with a history of these conditions presents unique challenges, especially when studies are carried out using routinely collected data.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To summarise and describe key challenges related to the design and conduct of administrative studies assessing CVD risk in women with a history of HDP and provide concrete recommendations for addressing them in future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a methodological guidance paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several conceptual and methodological factors related to the data-generating mechanism and study conceptualisation, design/data management and analysis, as well as the interpretation and reporting of study findings should be considered and addressed when designing and carrying out administrative studies on this topic. Researchers should develop an a priori conceptual framework within which the research question is articulated, important study variables are identified and their interrelationships are carefully considered.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To advance our understanding of CVD risk in women with a history of HDP, future studies should carefully consider and address the conceptual and methodological considerations outlined in this guidance paper. In highlighting these challenges, and providing specific recommendations for how to address them, our goal is to improve the quality of research carried out on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What twin pregnancies may tell us about associations of fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes with long-term maternal health.","authors":"Janet W Rich-Edwards","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy within the context of women's health: Moving from cross-sectional to longitudinal approaches.","authors":"Janet M Catov","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality after the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy across mothers' lifetime reproductive history.","authors":"Sage Wyatt, Liv Grimstvedt Kvalvik, Aditi Singh, Kari Klungsøyr, Truls Østbye, Rolv Skjærven","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior studies on maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have focused only on a woman's first birth and have not accounted for successive affected pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study is to identify mothers' risk of CVD mortality considering lifetime reproductive history.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, and the Norwegian National Population Register to identify all mothers who gave birth from 1967 to 2020. Our outcome was mothers' CVD death before age 70. The primary exposure was the lifetime history of HDP. The secondary exposure was the order of HDP and gestational age at delivery of pregnancies with HDP. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), adjusting for education, mother's age, and year of last birth. These models were stratified by the lifetime number of births.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 987,378 mothers, 86,294 had HDP in at least one birth. The highest CVD mortality, relative to mothers without HDP, was among those with a pre-term HDP in their first two births, although this represented 1.0% of mothers with HDP (HR 5.12, 95% CI 2.66, 9.86). Multiparous mothers with term HDP in their first birth only had no increased risk of CVD relative to mothers without HDP (36.9% of all mothers with HDP; HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.95, 1.32). All other mothers with HDP had a 1.5- to 4-fold increased risk of CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified heterogeneity in the risk of CVD mortality among mothers with a history of HDP. A third of these mothers are not at higher risk compared to women without HDP, while some less common patterns of HDP history are associated with severe risk of CVD mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better understanding of discharge against medical advice for the improvement of health among Australian Aboriginal children.","authors":"Judith M Katzenellenbogen, Melanie Robinson, Ingrid Stacey","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How are socioeconomic inequalities in preterm birth explained by maternal smoking and maternal body mass index: A mediation analysis.","authors":"Philip McHale, Daniela K Schlüter, Mark Turner, Angharad Care, Ben Barr, Shantini Paranjothy, David Taylor-Robinson","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm birth affects between 7% and 8% of births in the UK and is a leading cause of infant mortality and childhood disability. Prevalence of preterm birth has been shown to have significant and consistent socioeconomic inequalities.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate how much of the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and gestational age at birth is mediated by maternal smoking status and maternal body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of a maternity hospital in the UK. The analysis included all singleton live births between April 2009 and March 2020 to mothers 18 years old and over, between 22 weeks and 43 weeks gestation. We estimate two measures of mediation for four low gestational age categories: (i) The proportion eliminated the percentage of the effect of SES on low gestational age at birth that would be eliminated by removing the mediators, through the Controlled Direct Effects estimated using serial log-binomial regressions; and (ii) The proportion mediated is the percentage of the effect removed by equalising the distribution of the mediators across socioeconomic groups, estimated using Interventional Disparity Measures calculated through Monte Carlo simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 81,219 births were included, with 63.7% low SES. The risk of extremely (0.3% of all births), very (0.7%) and moderately preterm birth (6.3%) was 1.71 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.29, 2.31), 1.43 (95% CI 1.18, 1.73) and 1.26 (95% CI 1.19, 1.34) times higher in the low SES, compared to higher SES respectively. The proportion of this inequality eliminated by removing both maternal smoking and BMI was 43.4% for moderately preterm births. The proportion mediated for smoking was 33.9%, 43.0% and 48.4% respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking during pregnancy is a key mediator of inequalities in preterm birth, representing an area for local action to reduce social inequalities in preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prediction model for classifying maternal pregnancy smoking using California state birth certificate information.","authors":"Di He, Xiwen Huang, Onyebuchi A Arah, Douglas I Walker, Dean P Jones, Beate Ritz, Julia E Heck","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systematically recorded smoking data are not always available in vital statistics records, and even when available it can underestimate true smoking rates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a prediction model for maternal tobacco smoking in late pregnancy based on birth certificate information using a combination of self- or provider-reported smoking and biomarkers (smoking metabolites) in neonatal blood spots as the alloyed gold standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a case-control study where childhood cancer cases were identified from the California Cancer Registry and controls were from the California birth rolls between 1983 and 2011 who were cancer-free by the age of six. In this analysis, we included 894 control participants and performed high-resolution metabolomics analyses in their neonatal dried blood spots, where we extracted cotinine [mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) = 177.1023] and hydroxycotinine (m/z = 193.0973). Potential predictors of smoking were selected from California birth certificates. Logistic regression with stepwise backward selection was used to build a prediction model. Model performance was evaluated in a training sample, a bootstrapped sample, and an external validation sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of seven predictor variables entered into the logistic model, five were selected by the stepwise procedure: maternal race/ethnicity, maternal education, child's birth year, parity, and child's birth weight. We calculated an overall discrimination accuracy of 0.72 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77, 0.84) in the training set. Similar accuracies were achieved in the internal (AUC 0.81, 95% CI 0.77, 0.84) and external (AUC 0.69, 95% CI 0.64, 0.74) validation sets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This easy-to-apply model may benefit future birth registry-based studies when there is missing maternal smoking information; however, some smoking status misclassification remains a concern when only variables from the birth certificate are used to predict maternal smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10922711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134649453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal neighbourhood-level social determinants of health and their association with paediatric hepatitis C screening among children exposed to hepatitis C in pregnancy.","authors":"Mary K Foley, Maya Djerboua, Tatyana Kushner, Mia J Biondi, Jordan J Feld, Norah A Terrault, Jennifer A Flemming","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current guidelines recommend HCV screening by 18 months of age for those exposed to HCV in utero; yet, screening occurs in the minority of children.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the association between maternal neighbourhood-level social determinants of health (SDOH) and paediatric HCV screening in the general population in a publicly funded healthcare system in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study using administrative healthcare data held at ICES. Children born to individuals positive for HCV RNA in pregnancy from 2000 to 2016 were identified and followed for 2 years. Major SDOH were identified, and the primary outcome was HCV screening in exposed children (HCV antibody and/or RNA). Associations between SDOH and HCV screening were determined using multivariate Poisson regression models adjusting for confounding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1780 children born to persons with +HCV RNA were identified, and 29% (n = 516) were screened for HCV by age two. Most mothers resided in the lowest income quintile (42%), and most vulnerable quintiles for material deprivation (41%), housing instability (38%) and ethnic diversity (26%) with 11% living in rural locations. After adjustment for confounding, maternal rural residence (risk ratio [RR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62, 1.07) and living in the highest dependency quintile (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.65, 1.07) were the SDOH most associated with paediatric HCV screening. Younger maternal age (RR 0.98 per 1-year increase, 95% CI 0.97, 0.99), HIV co-infection (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.16, 2.48) and GI specialist involvement (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00, 1.39) were associated with higher probabilities of screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among children exposed to HCV during pregnancy, rural residences and living in highly dependent neighbourhoods showed a potential association with a lower probability of HCV screening by the age of 2. Future work evaluating barriers to paediatric HCV screening among rural residing and dependent residents is needed to enhance the screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11299768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}