Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Neighbourhood Deprivation and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Arizona From the AzPEARS Study.","authors":"Kimberly L Parra, Leslie V Farland, Robin B Harris, Matthew Toro, Melissa Furlong","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The maternal population residing in rural areas, tribal lands or near the United States-Mexico border are at high risk for adverse pregnancy complications, notably gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Few studies have considered the socioeconomic status (SES) attributes of neighbourhoods on maternal health during gestation. Given that the national and global rate of GDM is rising, this analysis moves beyond individual-level factors and investigates the role of neighbourhood deprivation on GDM risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and risk of GDM using Arizona state birth records.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based study of singleton live births (N = 481,113) utilised birth certificates from 2014 to 2020 from the AzPEARS study. Using American Community Survey (5-year data) linked to 2010 US Census tracts, a composite neighbourhood deprivation index (NDI) score (continuous and quartiles) was derived from 8 socioeconomic indicators. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to examine the association between NDI and GDM risk, adjusting for maternal age, maternal education, race/ethnicity, parity, rurality, and birth year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The state-wide incidence of GDM was 7.8% (n = 37,636) with variation by neighbourhoods (4% to 12%). GDM risk was highest for Native Americans (17.6%), Asian/Pacific Islanders (13.7%) and Hispanic/Latinas (8.3%). Compared to mothers living in areas with the lowest quartile of NDI, mothers living in neighbourhoods with the highest deprivation had an adjusted risk ratio of 1.21 for developing GDM (95% CI 1.18, 1.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed that neighbourhood deprivation was positively associated with a higher risk of GDM for each increase in quartile. These results suggest that NDI, a proxy for neighbourhood socioeconomic status, may contribute to GDM risk. Identifying high-risk neighbourhoods for place-based interventions targeting the most vulnerable birthing populations may be an effective strategy in the prevention of GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"336-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal Health in the United States: COVID-19 Exacerbates an Ongoing Crisis.","authors":"Slawa Rokicki, Emily S Barrett","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.70023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":"39 4","pages":"385-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drops in Atmospheric Pressure and Subsequent Fluctuations in Daily Delivery Volume: A Case-Crossover Study.","authors":"Shuhei Terada, Hisaaki Nishimura, Naoyuki Miyasaka, Takeo Fujiwara","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluctuations in daily delivery volume impact obstetricians' workload and maternal-fetal complications. While sudden drops in atmospheric pressure (e.g. due to typhoons or hurricanes) may be associated with an increase in daily delivery volume in the following days, few studies have explored these associations by gestational week while considering lagged effects.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether drops in atmospheric pressure are associated with fluctuations in the daily volume of deliveries with spontaneous onset of labour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a time-stratified case-crossover design. Data on the daily volume of spontaneous-onset deliveries from 47 prefectures between 2011 and 2020 were obtained from the Japan Perinatal Registry Network database. Quasi-Poisson regression models with distributed lag nonlinear models were used to examine the association between pressure drops (e.g. -13.8 hectopascal (hPa), representing the 1st percentile) and daily delivery volume in each prefecture, with lag periods of up to 14 days. Prefectural estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Stratified analyses were conducted by the gestational week, categorised as < 37, 37, 38, 39, 40 and 41+ weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,074,380 spontaneous-onset deliveries were recorded. The lag-cumulative relative risk of spontaneous-onset deliveries peaked with a lag period of 0-4 days and became negligible beyond 1 week, likely due to harvesting effects. The associations were most pronounced among women with a gestational age between 38 and 40 weeks. Specifically, for a PCN of -13.8 hPa, the 0-4 day lag-cumulative relative risk was as follows: at 38 weeks, 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00, 1.14); at 39 weeks, 1.08 (95% CI 1.02, 1.14); and at 40 weeks, 1.10 (95% CI 1.03, 1.19), compared to no pressure change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pressure drops were associated with a modestly larger volume of spontaneous-onset deliveries over the following few days, especially at full-term gestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weathering Delivery Surges: How Atmospheric Pressure Influences Spontaneous Labour Timing in a Climate-Vulnerable Era.","authors":"Jiayi Liu, Wangnan Cao, Shengzhi Sun","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"334-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data have consequences-Centring equity in the maternal mortality surveillance debate.","authors":"Teresa Janevic, Eugene Declercq, Elizabeth A Howell","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13138","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"311-313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection Biases in Perinatal Research: A Comparison of Inverse Probability Weighting, Instrumental Variable and Sibling-Comparison Design.","authors":"Basma N Dib, Ellen C Caniglia, Sean Brummel, Roger Shapiro, Sonja A Swanson","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Longitudinal perinatal studies that study the effects of preconception or prenatal treatments on pregnancy outcomes can have inherent forms of selection bias. For example, these studies often restrict analyses to those who had a livebirth, those with a specified gestation duration or those with complete follow-up. These selection factors are often associated with the treatment and have shared causes with the outcome, which may induce bias in estimating causal effects. Though such selection bias can affect all causal inference approaches, what is unknown is how this bias compares in direction and magnitude across different approaches.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We conducted a simulation study to assess and compare the direction and magnitude of bias due to censoring across three common analytic approaches: inverse probability weighting (IPW), instrumental variable (IV) and sibling-comparison design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We simulated data for various scenarios under two censoring mechanisms (loss to follow-up; and competing events) with a null true causal treatment effect. The simulated scenarios varied in the probability of the censoring mechanism or its strength of association with treatment or outcome. For each scenario, we generated 500 datasets (sample size = 10,000) and calculated the mean bias in risk difference estimates obtained from the three analytic approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all approaches, the proportion of censoring had no specific effect on mean bias. However, increasing the association of censoring with treatment or outcome increased the mean bias. The mean bias in all approaches was generally away from the null in the same direction and often to a similar extent (e.g., 0.5 percentage points away from the null in simulated scenarios with moderate association between treatment and censoring). However, in simulated scenarios with strong association between treatment and censoring, IV analyses were meaningfully more biased than IPW and sibling-comparison design analyses, with mean bias reaching two percentage points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Across the simulated scenarios, the mean bias in all three approaches was generally away from the null in the same direction and often to a similar extent. Thus, triangulating effect estimates from different analytic approaches in perinatal studies is challenging and may lead to invalid interpretations in the presence of selection processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Addressing the Role of Socioeconomic Status in Perinatal Famine Exposure.","authors":"Albana Isai","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"301-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Life-Course Approach to Gestational Exposure to Famine and Risk of Mortality.","authors":"Rana F Chehab, Sonia M Grandi, Susanna D Mitro","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"242-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clearing the Air on Reproductive Health: Unpacking the Impact of PM₂ _.5 Constituents on Fecundability.","authors":"Stefania Papatheodorou","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.70008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"262-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postneonatal Cerebral Palsy in Europe: Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics According to Contributory Events: An SCPE Study.","authors":"Malika Delobel-Ayoub, Virginie Ehlinger, Dana Klapouszczak, Anja Troha Gergeli, Elodie Sellier, Katalin Hollody, Daniel Virella, Torstein Vik, Célia Perret, Nicolas Vidart d'Egurbide Bagazgoïtia, Karen Horridge, Catherine Arnaud","doi":"10.1111/ppe.13164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppe.13164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postneonatal cerebral palsy (PNCP) is rare and requires large databases to be studied over time.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the time trend of prevalence of PNCP overall and by cause, and to describe the clinical characteristics of children with PNCP according to cause and compared with children with pre/peri/neonatal CP (PPNCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) database was used. Primary events (the first known chronological event in the causal chain) were classified according to the SCPE classification (six main and 19 sub-categories). Prevalence trends for children born during 1976-2012 were modelled using multilevel generalised linear models. The clinical characteristics of PNCP and PPNCP cases born after 1998 were reported as proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rates of PNCP were 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37, 2.23) and 0.82 per 10,000 live births (95% CI 0.73, 0.92) in children born during 1976-1980 and 2006-2012, respectively. The models showed a 2% annual decline in overall prevalence (prevalence rate multiplied by 0.98 each year) and a 10% decline for infectious causes for every 5-year change. The prevalence rate in children born during 2006-2012 was 0.26 per 10,000 (95% CI 0.21, 0.32) for infectious causes, which remained the most frequent. No trend emerged for other causes. Unilateral spastic CP, associated impairments and severe gross motor dysfunction were more frequent in PNCP than in PPNCP, and PNCP showed predominantly grey matter injury (55.6%). Seventeen percent were born preterm. PNCP differed by cause, with cerebrovascular accidents presenting the least severe and hypoxic causes the most severe forms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirms the decrease in the prevalence of PNCP in children born up to 2012, particularly for CP, due to infectious causes, which remain the most frequent. Children with PNCP had more severe presentation overall than those with PPNCP, with severity depending on the cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"287-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}