OTO Open最新文献

{"title":"Outcomes of Esophageal Diverticulum Repair by Otolaryngologists and General Surgeons Over Time: A NSQIP Analysis.","authors":"Nour Abdel-Azim, Emma R Thompson, Om B Tripathi, Kenneth Yan","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess comorbidities, complication rates, and other metrics for open esophageal diverticula repair performed by either otolaryngologists or general surgeons over time.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective database study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>National Surgery Quality Improvement Database (NSQIP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The NSQIP database was queried for cases logged by either otolaryngologists (ENT) or general surgeons (GS) from 2005 to 2020 with CPT code 43130. Preoperative characteristics, postoperative outcomes (length of stay, complications, discharge destination), and operative time were compared between specialties and over time using SPSS and R, with significance set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperatively, GS patients were more likely to have histories of dyspnea (<i>P</i> = .004), pneumonia (<i>P</i> < .001), and >10% body weight loss within 6 months of surgery (<i>P</i> = .008). While there was no significant difference in rates of postoperative complications, patients undergoing repair by ENT had shorter hospital stays, were more likely to be discharged home, and their surgeries were more frequently outpatient and elective (all <i>P</i> < .001). Temporal analysis demonstrated a significant year-over-year decrease in length of stay across all cases (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that the differences in length of hospital stay and discharge settings may be at least partially attributed to the fact that GS patients were admitted with more preoperative comorbidities. This could reflect hospital staffing, or endoscopic management of sicker patients by ENT. Closer comparison of postoperative management strategies may further elucidate the difference in outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deprivation Indices in Head and Neck Cancer: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Abbey L Landini, Sydney A Fleishman, Shravan Asthana, Asher Park, Molly Beestrum, Katelyn O Stepan","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aims to characterize the methodology and findings of head and neck cancer (HNC) literature utilizing deprivation indices.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Studies published in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Wiley), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science (Clarivate).</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A PRISMA-ScR-based protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework (ID: vhm2n). Two independent reviewers and an unbiased moderator conducted study selection and characterization. Results were narratively synthesized to identify thematic trends in index utilization, outcome disparities, and methodological variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 5126 unique abstracts identified, 45 articles were included. Studies were mostly retrospective national database studies (n = 24, 53.3%) published after 2020 (n = 41, 91.1%). The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was the most frequently reported deprivation index (n = 16, 35.6%) followed by Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) (n = 14, 31.1%), typically analyzed as continuous variables (n = 20, 44.4%). The most common primary outcomes were survival (n = 17, 37.8%), surveillance period (n = 12, 26.7%), and tumor characteristics at presentation (n = 7, 15.6%). A significant association between greater deprivation and worse primary outcomes was reported in 39 studies (90.3%), including 13 of 14 SVI studies (92.9%) and 11 of 16 ADI studies (68.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While deprivation indices are increasingly used in HNC research, their application remains inconsistent across study design, index selection, and reporting. Deprivation indices have utility in HNC research and should be further studied to better standardize their use for clinical application and interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.","authors":"Amala Nayak, Iman Adibi, Alyssa Calder, Arman Saeedi, Aaron Tucker, Ryan Nord","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to cardiovascular, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric morbidity. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains first-line therapy, but poor adherence limits effectiveness. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is an emerging alternative for CPAP-intolerant patients. This study compared clinical outcomes between HNS and CPAP in OSA patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>TriNetX Research Network.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified adults with OSA who underwent HNS implantation or initiated CPAP therapy, with 2 years of follow-up. Propensity score matching (n = 3525 per group) balanced baseline demographics and comorbidities. Acute cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic outcomes were assessed from 30 days posttreatment to 2 years. A similar analysis was performed to compare health outcomes of HNS and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) surgery without future CPAP use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HNS cohort had significantly lower odds of stroke (odds ratio [OR] 0.626, <i>P</i> = .0085), myocardial infarction (OR 0.612, <i>P</i> < .0108), atrial fibrillation/flutter (OR 0.594, <i>P</i> < .0001), hypertensive crisis (OR 0.456, <i>P</i> < .0274), pulmonary embolism (OR 0.209, <i>P</i> < .0001), ventricular tachycardia (OR 0.349, <i>P</i> = .0001), COPD exacerbation (OR 0.270, <i>P</i> < .0001), acute kidney injury (OR 0.283, <i>P</i> < .0001), ED visit (OR 0.457, <i>P</i> < .0001), hospitalization (OR 0.419, <i>P</i> < .0001), acute heart failure (OR 0.198, <i>P</i> < .0001), heart failure exacerbation (OR 0.221, <i>P</i> < .0001), acute respiratory failure (OR 0.172, <i>P</i> < .0001), and pneumonia (OR 0.255, <i>P</i> < .0001). Daytime sleepiness was more common in the HNS group (OR 2.019, <i>P</i> < .0001). HNS and UPPP cohorts displayed largely similar health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HNS may offer systemic benefits and reduce healthcare burden compared to CPAP. Future studies should incorporate adherence data and cost-effective analyses to guide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13093420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otolaryngology Surgeon-Scientists: The Road Less Traveled.","authors":"Tonya Aaron, Janice Haung, Soumil Prasad, Pavan S Krishnan, Garrett Forman, Lucienna Wolf, Eric Sokhn, Taylor Kring, Bryan Souza, Christine T Dinh, Elizabeth J Franzmann, Xue Z Liu","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Surgeon-Scientists in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) are critical to advancing clinical care through scientific innovation. However, extended training duration and challenges in research funding acquisition continue to hinder career advancement.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Analysis of publicly available NIH RePORTER data and national survey of NIH-funded OHNS faculty across US academic medical institutions. Survey data was collected between October and December 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified NIH-funded OHNS faculty as of September 2024 using the NIH RePORTER database. We examined time to initial R01-equivalent funding and grant diversity by degree types (MD, PhD, or dual-degree). A survey was administered to the OHNS faculty to evaluate their training experiences, research productivity, and funding mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PhD faculty comprised the largest proportion of NIH-funded OHNS investigators (52%) and had greater grant diversity than MD and dual-degree counterparts (<i>P</i> < .0001). Furthermore, PhDs secured R01-equivalent grants earlier than MDs and dual-degree holders (7.5 vs 9.5 years posttraining, <i>P</i> = .04). However, MD and dual-degree faculty were more likely to obtain K awards and transition to R01 funding (<i>P</i> < .0001). Participation in T32/R25 residency programs was associated with a 2.5-year reduction in time to R01-equivalent grant (<i>P</i> = .037). Basic science researchers were 4 times more likely to obtain K awards (<i>P</i> = .04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While OHNS PhD faculty attain early and diverse funding, structured training programs and engagement in basic science research significantly enhance MD-degree faculty funding success. This study highlights institutional and training-level strategies that reduce the time to research independence and strengthen the OHNS surgeon-scientist pipeline.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13093452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Dog Bite-Induced Facial Trauma: A Study From a Single Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"Andrew J Rothka, Marly Aziz, Katelyn P K Nguyen, F Jeffrey Lorenz, Heather K Schopper, Jessyka G Lighthall","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Analyze demographic and clinical factors for patients presenting with dog bites to the face, head, or neck.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single tertiary care, level 1 trauma center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review identified patients presenting for facial dog bite injuries from 2012 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 906 patients with facial dog bites and 2061 injuries. Patients ranged from 0 to 91 years old with a median of 7 years, and 50.6% were female. The 2 most common causes for injury were playing with the dog (32.0%) or an unprovoked attack (17.3%). Family dogs were responsible for 61.3% of injuries. Pitbulls (22.4%), Labradors (10.5%), and German Shepherds (7.0%) were the most identified breeds. The cheeks (25.9%), lips (20.8%), and nose (9.0%) were most injured. Hospital admission was required in 17.0% of patients. Regarding management, 16.9% required operative repair, 65.9% were repaired at bedside, and 17.9% were managed conservatively. There were 878 patients prescribed intravenous or oral antibiotics (96.9%) with amoxicillin-clavulanate most frequently prescribed (62.7%). Of the 138 patients bit by dogs with outdated or unknown rabies vaccination status, 35.5% (n = 49) received a rabies vaccination, and 34.8% (n = 48) received rabies immunoglobulins. Of the 254 patients not current on tetanus vaccination, 78.7% (n = 200) received a booster.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dog bites to the head and neck are common injuries, with many patients requiring hospital admission and/or repair. Understanding the demographics of these injuries is important to identify physical and socioeconomic burdens of disease, gaps in adherence to protocols/guidelines, and areas of targeted education/preventative interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers & Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jesse Siegel, William Adams, Kent Tadokoro, Veronica Drozdowski-Nuccio, Carol Bier-Laning","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>EGFR, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 are proteins involved in different stages of tumorigenesis which have all been associated with poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to measure the association of each protein with survival in HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A systematic review of EGFR, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 was conducted to determine the association between overexpression and survival in HNSCC. A weighted random-effects meta-analysis then measured pooled rates of overall, disease-free, and disease-specific survival for each protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overexpression of EGFR was associated with worse overall mortality (HR = 1.52, <i>P</i> = .01), disease-related mortality (HR = 1.33, <i>P</i> = .02), and disease progression (HR = 1.99, <i>P</i> < .001). Overexpression of cyclin D1 was also associated with worse overall mortality (HR = 1.93, <i>P</i> < .001), disease-related mortality (HR = 1.57, <i>P</i> = .01), and disease-specific mortality (HR = 1.93, <i>P</i> = .01). The association between cyclin D1 and overall mortality also remained significant in papers examining only oropharynx cancer (HR = 2.66, <i>P</i> = .03). Overexpression of Bcl-2 was associated with worse overall mortality (HR = 1.92, <i>P</i> = .002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support EGFR, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 as biomarkers which portend worse prognosis in HNSCC. Further work will be needed to understand whether measurement of these proteins can be useful in tailoring treatment strategies, and whether they can be used as targets for novel therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Electrical Stimulation Therapy Influence Synkinesis in Facial Paralysis? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Hänel W Eberly, Marly Aziz, F Jeffrey Lorenz, Heather K Schopper, Jessyka G Lighthall","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Facial paralysis (FP) has aesthetic, social, and functional consequences. While electrical stimulation (ES) shows promise for peripheral nerve injury, its role in FP remains controversial due to concerns about increasing synkinesis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A literature review was conducted using Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>Included studies evaluated the incidence or severity of synkinesis after ES in FP patients. Extracted data included demographics, ES parameters, FP etiology, synkinesis outcomes, and treatment duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 601 identified articles, 6 met inclusion criteria, comprising 243 patients (92 female, reported in 5 studies). Bell's palsy was the most common FP etiology (76.5%), followed by iatrogenic facial nerve injury (20.2%). Time to treatment ranged from 1 week to 7 years post-onset. Treatment durations varied from 2 weeks to 29 months, with inter-impulse gaps of 30 to 3000 milliseconds, phase durations of 10 to 700 milliseconds, and amplitudes of 0.5 to 27 mA. All ES was transcutaneous. Three of 5 studies reported no differences in synkinesis scores between ES and control groups. Two studies found no differences in synkinesis incidence. Only one study showed reduced synkinesis in the ES group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study represents an up-to-date review of synkinesis in FP patients receiving ES. Evidence suggests a benefit in overall facial function for patients without significant additional risk of synkinesis. Inconsistencies in synkinesis outcomes and measurement underscore the need for further research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Allergic Rhinitis: A Real-World Study.","authors":"Jiaxin Jia, Xuan Yuan, Liyuan Liu, Shaobing Xie, Lai Meng, Wei Zhong, Hua Zhang, Weihong Jiang, Can Liao, Zhihai Xie","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate age-related differences in efficacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) among patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Tertiary referral center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AR patients who completed a 3-year course of dust mite SCIT with a 2-year post-SCIT follow-up were categorized into pediatric and adult groups. Baseline characteristics, SCIT efficacy, and adverse reactions were compared between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of SCIT efficacy and adverse reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>889 patients were included, comprising 544 children and 345 adults. Adults exhibited higher baseline symptom burden, higher rates of former or current smoking and alcohol consumption, longer AR duration, more frequent dose adjustments during SCIT, and greater prevalence of comorbid asthma and urticaria. In contrast, children had higher frequencies of family history of allergy, monosensitization, food allergy, and secondary immunotherapy. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that older age, particularly adult status, was an independent risk factor for reduced SCIT efficacy at both 1 and 2 years post-SCIT discontinuation, after adjusting for clinical confounders. Adverse reactions, including both local and systemic events, occurred more frequently in children, though the majority were mild and occurred during the maintenance phase. Notably, older or adult age was independently associated with a lower risk of SCIT-related adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatric patients demonstrated superior short- and long-term SCIT efficacy compared to adults, along with a higher incidence of adverse reactions. These results support age-specific strategies to maximize clinical benefits and minimize risks in SCIT for AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Limited English Proficiency on the Presentation and Management of Vestibular Schwannomas.","authors":"Christian Jung, Carly Y Yang, Keshav V Shah, Douglas C Bigelow, Michael J Ruckenstein, Tiffany Peng-Hwa","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of limited English proficiency (LEP) on the presentation, diagnosis, and management of vestibular schwannoma (VS).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective matched cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single tertiary academic center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with VS at a tertiary academic center from 2018 to 2023 identified 29 LEP and 1350 non-LEP patients. LEP patients were matched 1:1 to non-LEP patients using propensity scores based on age, sex, insurance, and zip code-based income. Clinical variables included audiometric data, tumor characteristics, time to diagnosis and treatment, and management outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found in presenting symptoms, tumor characteristics, or treatment recommendations. LEP patients were significantly less likely to undergo word recognition testing (41% vs 97%, <i>P</i> < .001). Among those tested, bilingual LEP patients performed worse than non-LEP counterparts in word recognition testing (44.5% vs 61.9%, <i>P</i> = .1). LEP patients trended toward larger tumor volumes at diagnosis (6072.5 mm³ vs 2114 mm³, <i>P</i> = .059) and longer delays from symptom onset to diagnosis (4949 vs 2609 days), even after outlier removal. LEP patients also had higher loss to follow-up rates (34% vs 14%, <i>P</i> = .123).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though not statistically significant, several trends suggest LEP patients may face potential barriers to timely diagnosis and follow-up for VS. The relative underrepresentation of LEP patients may also reflect underlying disparities. These findings underscore the need for targeted efforts to improve access and outcomes for LEP patients in neurotologic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Behavior of Cutaneous Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Meghana C Bhaskara, Mikayla G Hubbard, Jessica A Yesensky, Janice L Farlow","doi":"10.1002/oto2.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oto2.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Head/neck location and immunosuppression are independent risk factors related to cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (cHNSCCs) in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). Traditional staging criteria underperform in risk stratification. We aim to identify the utility of clinicopathologic factors for risk stratification of cHNSCCs in SOTRs.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SOTRs with surgically resected cHNSCCs between 2009 and 2019 were reviewed. Deeply invasive cHNSCCs extended deep to the subcutis. Data were extracted from electronic records. Overall survival was analyzed by level of invasion and transplant type using Mantel-Cox test and by age at transplant and age at first posttransplant cHNSCC using univariate Cox regression. Level of invasion was evaluated using unpaired <i>t</i>-tests for age at transplant, age at first posttransplant cHNSCC, and overall lifespan; ANOVA for transplant type; and chi-square test for sex and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 77 identified patients, 44 (100% White, 97.7% non-Hispanic, 81.8% male) met criteria. Sixteen developed deep invasion. Deep invasion correlated with decreased overall survival (<i>P</i> = .0021) and shorter overall lifespan (<i>P</i> = .02). Age at first cHNSCC (HR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.96-1.04), age at transplant (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.98-1.07), and transplant type (<i>P</i> = .83) were unrelated to overall survival. Age at transplant approached significance (<i>P</i> = .07) for deep invasion. There was no difference in level of invasion by sex (<i>P</i> = .12), ethnicity (<i>P</i> = .18), or transplant type (<i>P</i> = .21).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deeply invasive cHNSCCs are associated with decreased overall survival in SOTRs. Age at transplant approaches significance for deep invasion. Data on immunosuppression and genetic analysis may further enhance prognostication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19697,"journal":{"name":"OTO Open","volume":"10 2","pages":"e70230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}