Oman Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Poor Outcomes in Pediatric Cerebral Malaria in Nigeria.","authors":"Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim, Amudalat Issa, Rafiu Taofeek Babatunde, Michael Abel Alao","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2024.112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cerebral malaria remains poorly understood despite being a common manifestation of severe malaria in children, often associated with poor outcomes. We sought to describe the burden of childhood cerebral malaria and identify factors predictive of poor hospitalization outcomes (death and neurological outcomes) and short-term neurological sequelae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of children diagnosed with cerebral malaria at a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022. We retrieved relevant information, including hospitalization outcomes (discharge, death, and neurological sequelae) and neurological status at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 8295 pediatric admissions, 948 cases were severe malaria; from those, 284 cases of cerebral malaria were identified, representing a prevalence of 3.4% and 30.0%, respectively. Clinical and laboratory features were comparable between survivors and non-survivors, except hypoxemia (<i>p =</i>0.016), duration of loss of consciousness (<i>p</i>< 0.001), acidosis (<i>p =</i>0.002), white blood cell count (<i>p =</i>0.006), serum sodium (<i>p =</i>0.005), and serum creatinine (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Hypoxemia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 6.071; 95% CI: 1.672-22.043), serum creatine > 1.5 mg/dL (AOR = 6.720; 95% CI: 2.160-20.905), and the first 24 hours of hospitalization (AOR = 5.934; 95% CI: 2.423-14.535) were predictors of hospitalization death. Forty-nine (19.6%) of 250 survivors had neurological complications at discharge. Age under five years increased the odds of neurological complications at discharge (OR = 2.059; 95% CI: 1.094-3.876). At follow-up, 24 (49.0%) of the 49 patients with neurological complications recovered fully.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that cerebral malaria is associated with a high mortality rate and significant neurological complications, particularly in children under five years old. Hypoxemia and elevated serum creatinine levels were associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 6","pages":"e692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Commonly Misunderstood Condition in Young Girls.","authors":"Karanpreet Kaur Bakshi, Avantika Gupta, Manpreet Kaur, Ayushi Sethi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2024.98","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 6","pages":"e705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Duodenal Heterotopic Pancreas: A Case Report.","authors":"Sara Al Harthi, Mohammed Al-Masqari","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.35","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heterotopic pancreatic (HP) tissue is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue outside of its usual site with no vascular or anatomic association with the normal pancreas. This is most commonly found in the stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. Most HP findings are incidental. Yet, they can occasionally produce symptoms such as bleeding, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal obstruction symptoms. HP tissues can also become malignant. The following report details a rare case of a 77-year-old man with concurrent invasive ductal carcinoma and low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia involving an HP tissue located at the duodenum.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11994028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating the Burden of Seasonal Influenza on Cardiovascular Diseases in GCC Countries.","authors":"Salah T Al-Awaidy, Shadha S Al Raisi, Fatima Al Slail, Dalal Abdulaziz Al Kathiry, Amaal Owaidh Al Mutairy, Ibtihal Mubarak Bin Jumah, Sahar M Fadl, Kawther Osman Abdelfadil, Omer Kheir, Parvaiz A Koul, Najim Z Alshahrani","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.125","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 6","pages":"e687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypocalcemia Induced Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Undiagnosed Hypocalcemia, Deafness, and Renal Syndrome.","authors":"Emmanuel Ssemmondo, Jonathan Thow, Anis Abobaker, Greg Heath","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.33","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypocalcemia, deafness, and renal syndrome, also known as Barakat syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by hypocalcemia, sensorineural hearing loss, and renal dysplasia. Papilledema, which refers to optic disc swelling due to increased intracranial pressure caused by hypocalcaemia, has been reported in the literature. However, optic disc edema secondary to hypocalcemia-induced optic neuropathy with normal intracranial pressure is rare. In this case report, we present a rare case of hypocalcemia, deafness, and renal syndrome, possibly the first diagnosed based on the presence of hypocalcemia-induced optic disc edema. We suggest that patients with optic disc edema referred for further neurological investigations should have their serum calcium levels analyzed, as early diagnosis and correction of hypocalcemia may improve the signs and symptoms of optic nerve disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myiasis in the Neglected Tracheostomy Wound.","authors":"Tee Shao Peng, Hazama Mohamad, Kuhan Kanagaratnam, Hafiz Bin Mohamad Mahbob, Tengku Mohamed Izam Tengku Kamalden","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myiasis is the term referring to an infestation of dipterous larvae in the living body tissue, where they feed on the tissue and cause infection. It is typically found in individuals living in unhygienic conditions, with foul-smelling odor emanating from neglected wounds or body discharge, which attract flies to lay their eggs in the affected area. Myiasis can cause life-threatening complications if maggots invade vital organs, resulting in sepsis, hemorrhage, and organ dysfunction. The mainstay of treatment includes mechanical removal of the maggots, wound debridement, daily wound dressing, and administration of antibiotics for concurrent bacterial infections. Recently, we encountered a patient who presented with bleeding and foul-smelling discharge from a tracheostomy wound, which was found to be infested with maggots.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interference with Immunoassays of a Neonate on High Biotin: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Naeema Al Shibli, Azza Al Shidhani, Irfan Ullah, Hussain AlSaffar, Faris Al Kalbani, Koukab Al Farsi, Jalila Alshekaili, Nafila Al Riyami","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.30","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biotin is sometimes administered in mega doses to children to treat certain inborn errors of metabolism. We report the case of a one-week-old newborn who was started on a 'mitochondrial cocktail' that contained a high dose of biotin. On day seven of life, his thyroid function test showed a biochemical picture of primary hyperthyroidism, which was not clinically evident. The suspicion of immunoassay interference with thyroid function test was confirmed when another lab, using a different immunoassay, gave normal results. If the biochemical profile does not match the clinical picture, it is reasonable to doubt the test result and think of assay interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"4 Suppl s4 1","pages":"e679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments On: \"<i>ApaI</i> and <i>Fok1</i> Variants of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Among Jordanian Women\".","authors":"Mustafa Saadat","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.114","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-onset Lower Limb Edema.","authors":"Aisha Al-Ghailnai, Abdulaziz Al Harrasi, Buthaina Al-Musalhi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.78","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Priapism Associated with Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Case Report.","authors":"Noor Nabi Junejo, Muhammad Humza Kamal, Shahid Aquil, Joseph Kunju Mathew","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.31","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic priapism is a male urologic emergency. Most cases have been linked to genetic conditions such as sickle cell disease and (much more rarely) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and the use of certain drugs. Here, we report the case of a 34-year-old male who was a known case of the recurrent ischemic type of priapism, which was relieved by penile aspiration. Genetic investigation revealed that the patient had glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}