Oman Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hyperthyroidism Presenting as Jaundice in a Child.","authors":"Tawfiq Taki Al Lawati, Aisha Al Sinani, Fatma Ali Ramadhan Al Lawati","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.28","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperthyroidism-related liver disease is an uncommon cause of jaundice in children. There is scarce data on its clinical and histological features and management. We report the case of a five-year-old girl with thyrotoxicosis associated with hepatitis, which was managed solely and successfully with carbimazole and propranolol.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Diagnosis of Encysted Hydrocele of the Cord in a Ghanaian Primary Care Facility: A Case Series.","authors":"John Kanyiri Yambah, Kindness Laar, Fenella Kafui Avoke, Nana Afia Gyima, Nana Borsa Ackah","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.13","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Encysted hydroceles are often considered rare. We report three cases of Ghanaian boys who presented with left scrotal swellings at a primary care center. This paper emphasizes the importance of primary care practitioners considering a possible clinical diagnosis of encysted spermatic cord hydroceles in new-onset scrotal swellings in children and adolescents, as such cases may not be as rare as previously thought.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Associated Gastric Mucormycosis: A Case Report.","authors":"Alaa Al Ghafry, Mahmood Masud Al Awfi, Yaqoob Al Sawafi, Nabila Ali Al Julandani","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.16","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucormycosis is a rare and opportunistic fungal infection caused by the order Mucorales. The emergence of COVID-19 has led to a resurgence of this opportunistic infection. COVID-19 and its management protocols have been implicated in causing this surge due to sequential impaired immunity in affected patients. A high index of suspicion, along with prompt evaluation and management, is advisable for the best clinical outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 3","pages":"e762"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Management by Selective Embryo in the Carnitine-acylcarnitine Translocase Deficiency with SLC25A20 C.199-10T>G Variation: The First Case Report from Vietnam and Literature Review.","authors":"Ngoc Bich Trinh, Anh Dinh Bao Vuong, Phuc Nhon Nguyen","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.17","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency with SLC25A20 c.199-10T>G variation is a rare condition, typically associated with severe neonatal outcomes. Recently, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) has emerged as a screening test applicable to embryos produced through in vitro fertilization for genetic analysis before transfer. Thus, PGT allows for the identification and elimination of embryos carrying inherited genetic diseases. This case report aims to present data from PGT on intervention in the management of SLC25A20 c.199-10T>G variation, particularly in middle-income countries. A 26-year-old woman with a high-risk term pregnancy and a history of two sudden neonatal deaths underwent parental carrier testing, revealing heterozygous SLC25A20 c.199-10T>G variation in both parents. The subsequent pregnancy, identified as a homozygous for SLC25A20 c.199-10T>G mutation, was terminated at 20 weeks. The current pregnancy was successfully managed by in vitro fertilization-selective embryo transfer. Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency owing to SLC25A20 c.199-10T>G variation can result in sudden neonatal collapse. Obstetricians should maintain a high index of suspicion in recurrent cases of unexplained early neonatal death. Parental carrier testing is crucial for prenatal management, and selective embryo transfer is a core treatment for heterozygous <i>SLC25A20</i> gene carriers in this highly lethal disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Abdominal Radiograph Reveals Curvilinear Lucency.","authors":"Chetan Khare","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.39","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 2","pages":"e744"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12329785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porokeratosis Ptychotropica: A Clinical Note from Vietnam.","authors":"Tuan Anh Vu, Hoang An Nguyen, Thien Nguyen","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.81","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.81","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 2","pages":"e746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Pediatric Trauma and its Outcome Presenting to an Emergency Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman.","authors":"Niranjan Lal Jeswani, Sumaira Iram, Firas Mohammed Shalash, Rabiya Faraz, Huyam Zeidan, Abdullah Al Reesi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.68","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.68","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to analyze pediatric trauma cases treated at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Oman, focusing on injury patterns, mechanisms, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients aged 15 years and younger who presented to the emergency department over 12 months, from January to December 2022. Data were collected on demographics, injury characteristics, clinical management, and outcomes, including pediatric intensive care unit admissions and length of stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1643 pediatric trauma cases were included in the study. Most injuries occurred in males (64.8%) and children aged 0-5 years (51.4%). The leading cause of injury was falls from height (50.8%), followed by collisions with fixed objects (12.2%) and sports injuries (8.2%). Injuries predominantly occurred at home (72.7%) and were most frequent during the evening and nighttime (71.5%). Lacerations (32.3%) and soft tissue injuries (19.3%) were the most common types of injuries, with the face (33.0%) and upper extremities (25.3%) being the most frequently affected anatomical sites. Adolescents (11-15 years) were more prone to road traffic accidents and sports-related injuries, while younger children were more vulnerable to falls. Sex differences showed males were more susceptible to lacerations and fractures, while females experienced higher rates of crush injuries and contusions. Most patients (89.3%) were treated and discharged from the emergency department, while 6.7% were admitted to the hospital, and 2.0% had significant clinical outcomes. Patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit had higher rates of motor vehicle collisions and polytrauma and required more intensive interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Falls from height were the most common mechanism of injury in our study, particularly among younger children. Males were more frequently affected, with lacerations and soft tissue injuries being the most common injury types. Adolescents were more prone to road traffic and sports-related injuries. The results emphasize the need for targeted preventive measures, especially at home, roadside, and during recreational activities, to reduce pediatric trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 2","pages":"e736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Laryngeal Ventricle: A Case Report.","authors":"Vinota Paniselvam, Sharifah Intan Safuraa Shahabudin Syed Ahmad Fauzi, Moharzudi Mohamed, Nahjatul Kursyiah Abd Ghafar, Nik Fariza Husna Nik Hassan","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.11","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the laryngeal ventricle is extremely rare. We report a case of an elderly man with this condition, where a multidisciplinary team, involving an otorhinolaryngologist, pathologist, and oncologist developed a management plan, with a good outcome for the patient. We recommend a multidisciplinary team approach for diagnosing and treating undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma to achieve an optimal outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12306522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-exacerbated Respiratory Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Edwin Nugroho Njoto, Moon Fai Chan, Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda, Gumilar Fardhani Ami Putra, Desiana Widityaning Sari, Endah Indriastuti, Rizka Nurul Hidayah, Yuri Pamungkas, Edith Maria Djaputra","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.48","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to identify the risk factors associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug -exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD), a chronic eosinophilic, inflammatory respiratory disorder characterized by hypersensitivity to aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically reviewed 19 eligible studies and assessed their quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument. Descriptive statistics and meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled odds ratio and identify the risk factors associated with NERD. The analysis considered factors such as age, gender, body mass index, family history, smoking, and atopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Being female, having atopy, a history of smoking, and a family history of asthma were significant risk factors for NERD. Female gender was associated with hormonal differences and the effects of progesterone and estrogen on inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Atopy increased the risk through heightened airway sensitivity, persistent inflammation, and increased mast cell activation. Smoking contributes to NERD by causing chronic airway inflammation, excess mucus production, airway remodeling, and decreased lung function. A family history of asthma indicated a genetic predisposition to bronchial hyperresponsiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The meta-analysis identified several risk factors associated with NERD, including being female, having atopy, a history of smoking, and a family history of asthma. These factors contribute to increased susceptibility and inflammation in patients with NERD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 2","pages":"e728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Airway Infection and Resistance Pattern in Children and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis in Oman: A Single-center Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Amjad Al Haddabi, Musab Al Jabri, Abdulmajeed Al Balushi, Issa Al Mamari, Hussain Mohsin","doi":"10.5001/omj.2025.69","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2025.69","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic genetic disease. Progressive decline in lung function is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population, primarily related to chronic airway infection and recurrent pulmonary exacerbations. We sought to assess the pattern of airway bacterial growth among patients with CF in Oman and identify possible risk factors for the hypothesized early <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> acquisition among this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective single-center cross-sectional study that included all patients who attended the CF clinic at Royal Hospital, Oman between 2004 and 2020. Collected data included age, sex, geographic region, date of CF diagnosis, CF genotype, number of siblings with CF, and the date and results of all positive respiratory cultures. Early <i>P. aeruginosa</i> acquisition was defined by a positive respiratory culture for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> before the age of two years. Multi-drug resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was defined as <i>P. aeruginosa</i> not susceptible to ≥ 1 agent in ≥ 3 classes of antimicrobials. The above factors were compared between the early and late <i>P. aeruginosa</i> acquisition groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 114 patients were included, and 2393 positive bacterial cultures were analyzed. Eighty-four (73.7%) patients were identified to have a positive culture for <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, including 40 (47.6%) who acquired it before the age of two years. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> remained the most common organism across all age groups. Twenty-six (22.8%) patients were positive for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> on their first respiratory culture, while 56 (49.1%) patients had three or more positive respiratory cultures for <i>P. aeruginosa.</i> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> accounted for 7.2% of all positive cultures under the age of one year and peaked at 14.8% between the ages of four and five years. A significant association were found between early <i>P. aeruginosa</i> acquisition and male sex. No significant association was observed between CF genotype, geographic region, age at diagnosis, or the presence of a sibling with CF and early <i>P. aeruginosa</i> acquisition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated earlier acquisition of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and its predominance among children with CF in Oman. Male sex was associated with a higher risk for early <i>P. aeruginosa</i> acquisition. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this association and identify other possible risk factors. These findings will impact the clinical practice of CF physicians in Oman.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"40 2","pages":"e737-e737e"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}