Oman Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hypocalcemia Induced Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Undiagnosed Hypocalcemia, Deafness, and Renal Syndrome.","authors":"Emmanuel Ssemmondo, Jonathan Thow, Anis Abobaker, Greg Heath","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.33","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypocalcemia, deafness, and renal syndrome, also known as Barakat syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by hypocalcemia, sensorineural hearing loss, and renal dysplasia. Papilledema, which refers to optic disc swelling due to increased intracranial pressure caused by hypocalcaemia, has been reported in the literature. However, optic disc edema secondary to hypocalcemia-induced optic neuropathy with normal intracranial pressure is rare. In this case report, we present a rare case of hypocalcemia, deafness, and renal syndrome, possibly the first diagnosed based on the presence of hypocalcemia-induced optic disc edema. We suggest that patients with optic disc edema referred for further neurological investigations should have their serum calcium levels analyzed, as early diagnosis and correction of hypocalcemia may improve the signs and symptoms of optic nerve disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myiasis in the Neglected Tracheostomy Wound.","authors":"Tee Shao Peng, Hazama Mohamad, Kuhan Kanagaratnam, Hafiz Bin Mohamad Mahbob, Tengku Mohamed Izam Tengku Kamalden","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myiasis is the term referring to an infestation of dipterous larvae in the living body tissue, where they feed on the tissue and cause infection. It is typically found in individuals living in unhygienic conditions, with foul-smelling odor emanating from neglected wounds or body discharge, which attract flies to lay their eggs in the affected area. Myiasis can cause life-threatening complications if maggots invade vital organs, resulting in sepsis, hemorrhage, and organ dysfunction. The mainstay of treatment includes mechanical removal of the maggots, wound debridement, daily wound dressing, and administration of antibiotics for concurrent bacterial infections. Recently, we encountered a patient who presented with bleeding and foul-smelling discharge from a tracheostomy wound, which was found to be infested with maggots.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interference with Immunoassays of a Neonate on High Biotin: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Naeema Al Shibli, Azza Al Shidhani, Irfan Ullah, Hussain AlSaffar, Faris Al Kalbani, Koukab Al Farsi, Jalila Alshekaili, Nafila Al Riyami","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.30","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biotin is sometimes administered in mega doses to children to treat certain inborn errors of metabolism. We report the case of a one-week-old newborn who was started on a 'mitochondrial cocktail' that contained a high dose of biotin. On day seven of life, his thyroid function test showed a biochemical picture of primary hyperthyroidism, which was not clinically evident. The suspicion of immunoassay interference with thyroid function test was confirmed when another lab, using a different immunoassay, gave normal results. If the biochemical profile does not match the clinical picture, it is reasonable to doubt the test result and think of assay interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"4 Suppl s4 1","pages":"e679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments On: \"<i>ApaI</i> and <i>Fok1</i> Variants of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Among Jordanian Women\".","authors":"Mustafa Saadat","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.114","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-onset Lower Limb Edema.","authors":"Aisha Al-Ghailnai, Abdulaziz Al Harrasi, Buthaina Al-Musalhi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.78","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Priapism Associated with Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Case Report.","authors":"Noor Nabi Junejo, Muhammad Humza Kamal, Shahid Aquil, Joseph Kunju Mathew","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.31","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic priapism is a male urologic emergency. Most cases have been linked to genetic conditions such as sickle cell disease and (much more rarely) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and the use of certain drugs. Here, we report the case of a 34-year-old male who was a known case of the recurrent ischemic type of priapism, which was relieved by penile aspiration. Genetic investigation revealed that the patient had glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miliaria Crystallina with Hypernatremia in a Newborn.","authors":"Chetan Khare, Vimesh Parmar, Jerene Mathews, Roshan Chanchlani","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.122","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Type 1 Tympanoplasty in Al Nahdha Hospital and Influencing Factors: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Noor Al Busaidi, Mohammed Al Rahbi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.106","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The management for chronic suppurative otitis media is tympanoplasty. The aim of the surgery is to prevent recurrent ear discharge and improve hearing. Several influencing factors are presumed to affect the outcome of tympanoplasty; however, their effect is considered controversial. No study in Oman evaluates the success rate of this surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome of type 1 tympanoplasty in Al Nahdha Hospital, Oman, from 2010 to 2020. In addition, we sought to assess various factors that might have influenced the outcome and add our experience to the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study that included all patients who had undergone type 1 tympanoplasty in Al Nahdha Hospital. The demographic data for patients were collected, in addition to the preoperative findings, pre- and postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) in a pure tone audiometry, the surgical approaches, and the type of grafts used. The success rate was defined as intact tympanic membrane six months after the surgery, and hearing improvement success was assessed by closure of ABG closure of 10 dB or more.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of patients was 345, 40.6% were male, and 59.4% were female. The graft success rate was 84.3%. The average preoperative ABG was 26.1 ± 9.5, and the average postoperative ABG was 14.4 ± 9.3 with a gain of 11.7. This was statistically significant with a <i>p</i>-value of < 0.001. Hearing improvement (≥ 10 dB gain in ABG) was seen in 201 (67.0%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the hearing improvement and graft success rate when compared with influencing factors, including age, gender, perforation size, and surgical approach. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the types of graft used, where cartilage graft showed better hearing improvement than temporalis fascia graft.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The graft success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty in Al Nahdha Hospital was 84.3%, and closure of ABG was 11.7. The percentage of patients who had improvement in ABG closure of ≥ 10 dB was 67.0%. These results are comparable with the results of other published studies. Factors that are presumed to influence the outcome of type 1 tympanoplasty were not statistically significant, which is consistent with other studies. Cartilage graft was found to give a better closure of ABG, which was statistically significant. We recommend that further studies be conducted within a more extended follow-up period and address more factors to achieve a better insight pertaining to the outcome of type 1 tympanoplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Hemoglobin Constant Spring by Capillary Electrophoresis and High-performance Liquid Chromatography: A Study in Kelantan, Malay.","authors":"Sumaiyah Adzahar, Nabilah Rameli, Suryati Hussin, Nik Fatma Fairuz Nik Mohd Hassan, Wan Norhasanah Wan Yusoff, Shafini Mohamed Yusoff, Rosnah Bahar","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.96","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hemoglobin Constant Spring (Hb CS) is one of the most common non-deletion types of alpha (α) thalassemia in Southeast Asia. The nature of this abnormal globin gene is unstable, labile, and present in minute amounts in the peripheral blood, leading to underdiagnosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Hb CS among the Kelantan population in Malaysia, compare the levels of Hb CS detected by capillary electrophoresis (CE) among three groups of Hb CS (heterozygous, homozygous, and compound heterozygous), and evaluate the efficacy of CE and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in detecting Hb CS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from secondary school students in Kelantan from 2017 to 2018 who participated in a thalassemia screening program conducted by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Hb analysis was performed using an automated CE system (CAPILLARYS 2 Flex-Piercing System Sebia) and HPLC (VARIANT II, Bio-rad Laboratories). DNA analysis was used multiplex polymerase chain reaction and multiplex amplification refractory mutation system to detect deletion and non-deletion α-thalassemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Termination codon CS mutation was confirmed among 376 (99.5%) samples with a peak value in zone 2 of CE. Heterozygous Hb CS was the most common type, detected in 344 samples (91.5%), followed by compound heterozygous Hb CS in 31 samples (8.2%) and one sample (0.3%) of homozygous Hb CS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnosis of Hb CS is most accurately achieved by combining CE and HPLC methods, with confirmation by DNA molecular study, although the latter is more expensive.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e669"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11914713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Inactive Hepatitis B Infection in a Cohort of Omani Patients.","authors":"Halima H Al Shuaili, Bushra Al Mashikhi, Ahmed Al Sinani, Said A Al Busafi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.104","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Inactive hepatitis B carriers constitute a considerable proportion of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. Understanding the clinical features of this often overlooked population is essential to inform patient management strategies. Our study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and clinical features of inactive HBV carriers presenting to a tertiary center in Muscat, Oman.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study among 375 adult Omani patients with inactive HBV infections presenting to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between January 2017 and December 2018. Relevant data were collected from electronic patient records. Liver fibrosis status was determined using two-dimensional shear-wave elastography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 200 patients met the study inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Of these, 53.0% were male, and the mean age was 45.0 ± 9.3 years. Most (77.5%) were aged 32-50 years and were therefore born before 1990, the year of initiation of the national HBV vaccination program. A family history of HBV infection was reported in 29.0%, while 25.0% were obese. Severe fibrosis and cirrhosis were observed in 16.0% and 3.0% of the cohort, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A large number of inactive Omani HBV carriers were born before the implementation of the national HBV vaccination program in Oman, and just under one-third had a family history of HBV infection. Notably, despite being considered inactive carriers, 19.0% displayed radiological features of severe fibrosis or cirrhosis. Screening for high-risk inactive HBV infection is essential to ensure early management and improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 5","pages":"e673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}