Paediatric Respiratory Reviews最新文献_第3页

Outcomes of paediatric community acquired pneumonia. 儿科社区获得性肺炎的治疗结果。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.10.003

S Haggie, I M Balfour-Lynn

引用次数: 0

Chest and spinal disease in patients with progressive neuromuscular disease. 进行性神经肌肉疾病患者的胸部和脊柱疾病。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.10.001

Oscar Henry Mayer, Greg Redding

{"title":"Chest and spinal disease in patients with progressive neuromuscular disease.","authors":"Oscar Henry Mayer, Greg Redding","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chest and spine deformity in neuromuscular disease (NMDz) can impact respiratory mechanics and pulmonary function by changing the orientation of the muscles and joints of the respiratory system and placing them in a mechanically unfavorable position. This increases mechanical load on weak respiratory muscles and eventually can cause respiratory failure. Therefore, chest and spine deformity in NMDz will both lead to increased respiratory \"load\" and decreased respiratory muscle \"pump\", an exceptionally bad combination. While the current pharmacotherapies used for progressive neuromuscular disease focus on slowing progression, a similar approach has been used for decades in managing chest and spine deformity in patients with NMDz. There are, however, variable approaches to doing so and a recognition that not all \"neuromuscular scoliosis\" is the same and that each patient type (i.e. hypotonic vs. hypertonic) requires a different approach. Figuring out what approach to use requires both an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of a particular neuromuscular condition and considering available options for and timing of surgical interventions. The remaining discussion will focus on hypotonic neuromuscular scoliosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of highly effective modulator therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms and features in people with cystic fibrosis. 高效调节剂疗法对囊性纤维化患者胃肠道症状和特征的影响。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.07.004

Martina Cecchetti, Luca Scarallo, Paolo Lionetti, Chee Y Ooi, Vito Terlizzi

{"title":"Impact of highly effective modulator therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms and features in people with cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Martina Cecchetti, Luca Scarallo, Paolo Lionetti, Chee Y Ooi, Vito Terlizzi","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT), particularly the triple combination elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI), significantly improved clinical outcomes and quality of life in people with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF). This review analyzes current knowledge on the impact of HEMTs on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and features in pwCF. A descriptive review of English literature until February 29, 2024, was conducted using medical databases. Observational studies and clinical trials addressing GI reflux disease (GERD), lower GI symptoms and pancreatic disease were considered. Studies report positive effects of HEMTs on pH levels and bicarbonate secretion as well as improvement on intestinal inflammation. HEMTs also demonstrated positive effects on GERD and lower GI symptoms or conditions CF related such as dysbiosis. Taking ETI during pregnancy could also allow resolution of meconium ileus in fetuses with CF. The best benefits were observed in pancreatic function, potentially delaying CF-related diabetes and recovering pancreatic function in some children on ETI. Larger trials, particularly in pediatric populations, need to confirm these findings and explore long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary manifestations of Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1b: A systematic review of the literature. 假性醛固酮增多症 1b 型的肺部表现：文献系统回顾

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.09.001

Anastasios-Panagiotis Chantzaras, Panagiota Panagiotou, Georgia Koltsida, Angeliki Moudaki, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, Athanasios G Kaditis

{"title":"Pulmonary manifestations of Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1b: A systematic review of the literature.","authors":"Anastasios-Panagiotis Chantzaras, Panagiota Panagiotou, Georgia Koltsida, Angeliki Moudaki, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, Athanasios G Kaditis","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1b (PHA1B) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by dysfunction of amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), that might present with a wide variety of pulmonary symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We provide a systematic review of published cases with PHA1B and respiratory symptoms, adding a relevant case from our clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven publications presenting 61 cases were identified apart from our case. Parental consanguinity was reported in 24/62 patients. In 39 patients the onset of pulmonary manifestations was early in infancy. Lower respiratory tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were reported in 3 cases each, while 2 patients developed bronchiectasis. Pathological sweat test results were recorded in all 34 patients with available data. In 36/47 patients the underlying pathogenic variant was identified in SCNN1A gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High clinical suspicion is required when treating patients with PHA1B for the potential need for early treatment of respiratory symptoms to avert any permanent pulmonary damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Face masks and protection against COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections: Assessment of benefits and harms in children. 口罩与预防 COVID-19 和其他病毒性呼吸道感染：儿童受益与危害评估。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.003

Johanna Sandlund, Ram Duriseti, Shamez N Ladhani, Kelly Stuart, Jeanne Noble, Tracy Beth Høeg

{"title":"Face masks and protection against COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections: Assessment of benefits and harms in children.","authors":"Johanna Sandlund, Ram Duriseti, Shamez N Ladhani, Kelly Stuart, Jeanne Noble, Tracy Beth Høeg","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mask mandates for children were implemented at schools and childcare centers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the US continues to recommend masking down to the age of two in certain settings. Medical interventions should be informed by high-quality evidence and consider the possibility of harm (i.e., include harm-benefit analyses). In this review, we weigh the existing evidence for the effectiveness of mask mandates to protect against COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections and the harms associated with face mask wearing in children. There is a lack of robust evidence of benefit from masking children to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or other respiratory viruses. The highest quality evidence available for masking children for COVID-19 or other viral respiratory infections has failed to find a beneficial impact against transmission. Mechanistic studies showing reduced viral transmission from use of face masks and respirators have not translated to real world effectiveness. Identified harms of masking include negative effects on communication and components of speech and language, ability to learn and comprehend, emotional and trust development, physical discomfort, and reduction in time and intensity of exercise. Effectiveness of child masking has not been demonstrated, while documented harms of masking in children are diverse and non-negligible and should prompt careful reflection. Recommendations for masking children fail basic harm-benefit analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Respiratory infections in low and middle-income countries. 中低收入国家的呼吸道感染。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.002

Lisa Frigati, Leonore Greybe, Savvas Andronikou, Ernst Eber, Shyam Sunder B Venkatakrishna, Pierre Goussard

{"title":"Respiratory infections in low and middle-income countries.","authors":"Lisa Frigati, Leonore Greybe, Savvas Andronikou, Ernst Eber, Shyam Sunder B Venkatakrishna, Pierre Goussard","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the epidemiology, aetiology, diagnostics and management of childhood pneumonia in low and middle income countries (LMICs).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Review of published english literature from 2019 to February 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) still result in significant mortality in children under 5 years of age in LMICs. Important studies have reported a change in the pathogenesis of LRTIs over the last 5 years with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) resulting in a large burden of disease. SARS-CoV-2 had a significant direct and indirect impact in children in LMICs. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a priority pathogen in all children. Nucleic acid amplification and rapid antigen tests have improved diagnostic accuracy for MTB and other bacterial pathogens. Point of care diagnostics may overcome some limitations, but there is a need for better cost-effective diagnostics. Access to shorter courses of TB treatment are now recommended for some children, but child friendly formulations are lacking. The role of chest X-ray in TB has been recognized and included in guidelines, and lung ultrasound to diagnose LRTI is showing promise as a lower cost and accessible option.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advances in diagnostics and large multi-centre studies have provided increased understanding of the causative pathogens of LRTIs in LMICs. Increased access to preventive strategies such as vaccines, treatment modalities including antivirals, and addressing upstream factors such as poverty are essential if further declines in LRTIs in LMICs are to be realised.</p>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The wheezy infant: A viewpoint from low-middle income countries 喘息的婴儿：来自中低收入国家的观点。

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2022.06.001

{"title":"The wheezy infant: A viewpoint from low-middle income countries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prrv.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To review the recent evidence in the literature of various aspects of recurrent/severe wheezing in children under 3 in low-middle income countries [LMICS].</p></div><div><h3>Sources</h3><p>A non-systematic review including articles in English. We mainly selected publications from the last 5 years. Studies on epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention were included in the search. We reviewed differential diagnoses of wheezing that focused on LMICS. We also reviewed aspects of prevention.</p></div><div><h3>Summary of the findings</h3><p>Many epidemiological studies have shown a variable but significant number of wheezy infants [WI] cases in LMICS when compared to other countries.</p><p>The differential diagnosis of causes of wheezing in this age group is mandatory, taking into account local facilities.</p><p>Few treatment options have been well studied for this age group. In LMICS, a pragmatic approach could be considered, as described in the article.</p><p>It is difficult to study primary prevention for WI and secondary prevention (mainly environmental) may have some impact.</p><p>A schematic approach for recurrent wheezers is presented, which takes into account settings with limited resources.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Severely or recurrently wheezy children under 3 is a common clinical issue in LMICS. Studies on this age group are needed to reduce the significant morbidity. It may be possible to lower the high burden of wheezing in this age group by selecting the phenotype which may respond to inhaled steroids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40560748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation based education in paediatric resuscitation 儿科复苏模拟教育

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.05.002

{"title":"Simulation based education in paediatric resuscitation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prrv.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is increasing use of clinical Simulation Based Education (SBE) in healthcare due to an increased focus on patient safety, the call for a new training model not based solely on apprenticeship, a desire for standardised educational opportunities that are available on-demand, and a need to practice and hone skills in a controlled environment. SBE programs should be evaluated against Kirkpatrick level 3 or 4 criteria to ensure they improve patient or staff outcomes in the real world. SBE programs have been shown to improve outcomes in neonatology – reductions in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, in brachial plexus injury, rates of school age cerebral palsy, reductions in 24hr mortality and improvements in first pass intubation rates. In paediatrics SBE programs have shown improvements in paediatric cardiac arrest survival, PICU survival, reduced PICU admissions, reduced PICU length of stay and reduced time to critical operations. SBE can improve the non-technical tasks of teamwork, leadership and communication (within the team and with patients and carers). Simulation is a useful tool in Quality and Safety and is used to identify latent safety issues that can be addressed by future programs. In high stakes assessment simulation can be a mode of assessment, however, care needs to be taken to ensure the tool is validated carefully.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19658,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526054224000460/pdfft?md5=1205c6e575e72b7577f6230986913dcf&pid=1-s2.0-S1526054224000460-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141037431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulse oximetry in patients with pigmented skin: What I should know 色素性皮肤患者的脉搏血氧仪：我应该知道什么

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.06.001

引用次数: 0

Integrating simulation teaching into acute clinical paediatrics 将模拟教学融入急诊儿科临床

IF 4.7 3区医学

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.05.003

引用次数: 0