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收入分配、总消费、与相对收入假说：一个文献述评 (Income Distribution, Aggregate Consumption, and Relative Income Hypothesis: A Literature Review) 收入分配、总消费、与相对收入假说：一个文献述评 (Income Distribution, Aggregate Consumption, and Relative Income Hypothesis: A Literature Review)
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-03-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2025525
Xiang Tang, Hao Guan
{"title":"收入分配、总消费、与相对收入假说：一个文献述评 (Income Distribution, Aggregate Consumption, and Relative Income Hypothesis: A Literature Review)","authors":"Xiang Tang, Hao Guan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2025525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2025525","url":null,"abstract":"本文围绕收入分配与社会总消费之关系这一题目，对消费理论在西方学界的发展作了简要的梳理，并由此阐明，相对收入假说是唯一完全符合现有主要经验事实的消费理论，而各种形式的“绝对收入理论”即以绝对收入水平来解释个体消费的理论，包括凯恩斯的绝对收入假说以及主流的生命周期——持久收入假说，都无法与现有经验事实完全相容。这表明，只有相对收入假说适合作为解释个体消费行为，以及讨论收入分配与总消费之间关系的基本理论框架。本文指出，由于受西方主流学界之偏见的影响，国内学界对相对收入假说的认识和研究都处于起步阶段而显得严重不足。未来一段时间，无论是研究消费理论本身，还是讨论收入分配对总消费的影响，中国学者都应当把相对收入假说作为一个当务之急的研究重点。 This paper conducts a succinct review of the development of consumption theory in the West, in relation to the question of whether and how income distribution affects aggregate consumption, thereby showing that the relative income hypothesis (RIH) is the only consumption theory that is consistent with the existing empirical findings. On the other hand, the various “absolute income theories”, i.e. consumption theories which make individual consumption depend on absolute income levels, including Keynes’ absolute income hypothesis (AIH) and the mainstream life cycle-permanent income hypothesis (LCH-PIH), are all incompatible with the existing empirical evidence in one way or another. Hence, only RIH is acceptable as the basic theoretical framework for understanding individual consumption behavior, and thus for exploring the relation between income distribution and aggregate consumption. We further point out that, due to the biased influence of the mainstream economics in the West, the understanding and research of RIH are seriously inadequate in China. In the foreseeable future, RIH should be a top priority for Chinese researchers, both regarding the study of consumption theory per se and in relation to the discussion of whether China’s growing income inequality has adversely affected its internal demand.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125438536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smooth Operators: Recent Collective Bargaining in Major League Baseball 流畅的操作者:最近在美国职业棒球大联盟的集体谈判
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-02-27 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2924646
Daniel Rascher, Timothy D. DeSchriver
{"title":"Smooth Operators: Recent Collective Bargaining in Major League Baseball","authors":"Daniel Rascher, Timothy D. DeSchriver","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2924646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2924646","url":null,"abstract":"In late 2011, at a time when other leagues such as the National Football League and the National Basketball Association had engaged in work stoppages, Major League Baseball owners and the MLB Players Association harmoniously agreed on a new five-year collective bargaining agreement. This article focuses on the reasons why MLB as an industry has maintained labor peace after decades of work stoppages. The primary aspects of the new MLB CBA, such as changes to the revenue sharing system, competitive balance tax, salary arbitration, and the amateur draft are addressed. The manner in which these economic mechanisms affect areas such as competitive balance will be analyzed. Lastly, a comparison was undertaken of the collective bargaining environment in MLB versus other professional sports leagues and other non-sports industries.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121545101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
When the Global Crisis and Youth Bulge Collide: Double the Jobs Trouble for Youth 当全球危机和青年膨胀碰撞:青年就业问题加倍
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-02-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2029794
I. Ortiz, M. Cummins
{"title":"When the Global Crisis and Youth Bulge Collide: Double the Jobs Trouble for Youth","authors":"I. Ortiz, M. Cummins","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2029794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2029794","url":null,"abstract":"This working paper: (i) describes recent labour market trends; (ii) analyzes how young people are experiencing a double employment crisis as a result of the demographic phenomenon known as the ‘youth bulge,’ which aggravates the already low demand for labour during the economic downturn; (iii) explores the household level impacts of the jobs crisis, with particular attention to the severe risks posed to children and young workers; (iv) discusses policy responses during the two phases of the crisis—fiscal expansion (2008-09) and fiscal contraction (2010- ); and (v) presents a UN agenda on how to generate decent employment, which covers macroeconomic and sector policy options along with labour-specific strategies to place jobs, especially for youth, at the center of recovery efforts.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115379726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Le Radici Distributive Della Crisi Infinita (Income Distribution: The Roots of the Neverending Crisis) 收入分配:无休止危机的根源
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3202152
M. Florio
{"title":"Le Radici Distributive Della Crisi Infinita (Income Distribution: The Roots of the Neverending Crisis)","authors":"M. Florio","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3202152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3202152","url":null,"abstract":"This paper supports the view that the deep roots of the current global crisis, which has taken the form of a mainly financial crisis, are related to a global fundamental unbalance in income distribution. There are two dimensions of the unbalance. The first one is between capital and labour income, particularly in advanced economies. The second one is between incomes of advanced economies and of developing countries. Without addressing these two broad real unbalances the outcome is going to be a long-term economic disease","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115539117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Following in Your Father's Footsteps: A Note on the Intergenerational Transmission of Income between Twin Fathers and Their Sons 跟随你父亲的脚步:关于双胞胎父亲和他们儿子之间代际收入传递的笔记
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-09-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1933347
Vikesh Amin, P. Lundborg, Dan‐Olof Rooth
{"title":"Following in Your Father's Footsteps: A Note on the Intergenerational Transmission of Income between Twin Fathers and Their Sons","authors":"Vikesh Amin, P. Lundborg, Dan‐Olof Rooth","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1933347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1933347","url":null,"abstract":"We provide the first twin-based estimates of the intergenerational transmission of income between fathers and sons. Using Swedish register data on the income of monozygotic twin fathers and their sons, we are able to control for unobserved endowments at the twin-pair level when estimating the intergenerational relationship. We find a cross-sectional intergenerational income elasticity of 0.276, while our twin-based intergenerational income elasticity is 0.12. This is close to the estimate of 0.10 found by Bjorklund et al. (2006) using an adoption design. This suggests that at most half of the income transmission can be given a causal interpretation.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128362869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Children Left Behind: The Effects of Statewide Job Loss on Student Achievement 留守儿童:全州范围内失业对学生成绩的影响
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-06-01 DOI: 10.3386/W17104
Elizabeth O Ananat, Anna Gassman‐Pines, Dania V. Francis, Christina M Gibson-Davis
{"title":"Children Left Behind: The Effects of Statewide Job Loss on Student Achievement","authors":"Elizabeth O Ananat, Anna Gassman‐Pines, Dania V. Francis, Christina M Gibson-Davis","doi":"10.3386/W17104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W17104","url":null,"abstract":"We examine effects of state-level job losses on student achievement. Losses to 1% of the working-age population decrease eighth-grade math scores by .076 standard deviations, with consistently negative but less precise effects on eighth-grade reading and on fourth-grade math and reading. Effects are 34 times larger than found when comparing students with displaced parents to otherwise similar students, suggesting that downturns affect all students, not just those whose parents lose employment. Evidence is inconsistent with a \"downward spiral of behavior\" or reduced school funding as causal mechanisms; rather, reduced income and increased distress likely inhibit performance. States experiencing displacement of 1% of workers likely see an 8% increase in schools missing No Child Left Behind requirements.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"420 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131676148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 66
A Cohort Analysis of the Income Distribution in Chile 智利收入分配的队列分析
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-52862011000100009
C. Sapelli
{"title":"A Cohort Analysis of the Income Distribution in Chile","authors":"C. Sapelli","doi":"10.4067/S0718-52862011000100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-52862011000100009","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we look at the income distribution by cohort in Chile. We construct a synthetic panel from cross section surveys and estimate the income distribution for cohorts born between 1902 and 1978. We then decompose the evolution of these distributions into age, year and cohort effects. The cohort effects show a period where inequality increases, to then decrease. We attempt to explain this evolution. The rise can be explained by variables associated with education, while the fall appears to be the consequence of a flattening of the income-age profile and hence a reduction in the returns to experience.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132130195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Reservation Wages and Starting Wages 预留工资和起薪
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-01-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1745710
Hans van Ophem, J. Hartog, P. Berkhout
{"title":"Reservation Wages and Starting Wages","authors":"Hans van Ophem, J. Hartog, P. Berkhout","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1745710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1745710","url":null,"abstract":"We analyse a unique data set that combines reservation wage and actually paid wage for a large sample of Dutch recent higher education graduates. On average, accepted wages are almost 8% higher than reservation wages, but there is no fixed proportionality. We find that the difference between reservation wage and accepted wage is virtually random, as search theory predicts. We also find that most information contained in the accepted wage is included in the reservation wage, as one would predict if individuals are well informed about the wage structure that characterizes their labour market.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127331039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Wage Inequality of U.S. Truck Drivers 美国卡车司机的工资不平等
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1745719
K. Monaco, Steffen Habermalz
{"title":"Wage Inequality of U.S. Truck Drivers","authors":"K. Monaco, Steffen Habermalz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1745719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1745719","url":null,"abstract":"Using CPS data for the period 1979-2009, the wage dispersion of truck drivers (and subsets of the truck driving sample) is compared to the trends in wage dispersion of males economy-wide. We find that truckers' wages experienced a decrease in inequality post-deregulation, as expected given the literature on regulation's impact on the labor market. We also find that the wage dispersion for truckers is markedly different from males economy-wide, providing evidence that the wage distribution of truck drivers has been dominated by the changing structure of the occupation post-deregulation and largely immune to the factors that increased inequality for the aggregate labor market.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122941161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public Wages in the Euro Area: Towards Securing Stability and Competitiveness 欧元区的公共工资:迈向稳定和竞争力
ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-06-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1618226
F. Holm-Hadulla, K. Kamath, Ana E. Lamo, Javier J. Pérez, Ludger Schuknecht
{"title":"Public Wages in the Euro Area: Towards Securing Stability and Competitiveness","authors":"F. Holm-Hadulla, K. Kamath, Ana E. Lamo, Javier J. Pérez, Ludger Schuknecht","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1618226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1618226","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the role of government wages in ensuring macroeconomic stability and competitiveness in the euro area. Recent empirical evidence suggests that government wage expenditure is subject to a pro-cyclical bias in most euro area countries and at the euro area aggregate level. Moreover, the evidence points to a strong positive correlation and co-movement between public and private wages in the short to medium term, both directly and indirectly via the price level, in most euro area countries. In a number of countries this interrelation between public and private wages coincided with strong public wage growth and competitiveness losses. These findings underpin the need for prudent public wage policies supported by strong domestic fiscal frameworks and appropriate wage-setting institutions in order to enhance economic stability and competitiveness in Economic and Monetary Union.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123650542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 66
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