Ore Geology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Geochronology and petrogenesis of late triassic-early jurassic LCT pegmatites from the Yamon-Kazat area, southern Myanmar: Implications for magmatic evolution","authors":"Aye Pyae Phyo , Huan Li , Aung Zaw Myint , Xiao-Jun Hu , Mohamed Faisal","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mesozoic granitoids in the Southeast Asia Tin Belt, stretching over 2800 km from Myanmar to Indonesia, represent a significant geological and economic resource due to their association with diverse mineral resources and complex tectonic history. Despite the extensive documentation of magmatic phases within this belt, there have been no records of Late Triassic to Early Jurassic magmatism in southern Myanmar until recent investigations. A systematic geological study in the Yamon-Kazat (YK) area of the Myeik Sn-W district in southern Myanmar addresses this gap by focusing on the age, petrogenesis, and tectonic context of Jurassic magmatism. This study integrates field work, petrographic identification, bulk geochemistry data, in situ zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotopic analyses, and zircon trace element chemistry. Field studies in the YK area identified granitic pegmatites occurring as small-scale intrusions, veins, and dyke swarms. These pegmatites display mineralogical assemblages dominated by quartz, alkali-feldspar, plagioclase, lepidolite, and muscovite with minor alteration minerals (sericite, chlorite, and iron oxides). Geochemically, the parental magma of YK pegmatites is derived from S-type granitic sources and exhibits a moderately peraluminous affinity. They are enriched in Li (178–>10,000 ppm), Sn (93–>10,000 ppm), Rb (325–>10,000 ppm), Cs (21–1800 ppm), Ta (20–173 ppm), Nb (42–167 ppm), and Be (23–407 ppm). They show a negative Eu anomaly (average Eu/Eu*<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->∼0.69) and moderate enrichment of light rare-earth elements, revealing geochemical signatures similar to Lithium–Cesium–Tantalum (LCT) pegmatite. The zircon chemistry displays high contents of U, Th, Pb, Y, and REEs, suggesting generation through extensive fractional crystallization from a residual parental granitic source. Geochronologically, three types of zircons have been identified in the YK samples. The first group consists of xenocrystic zircons with <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>238</sup>U ages ranging from 3619.4 ± 61.97 Ma to 339.6 ± 7.8 Ma, characterized by anhedral-subhedral crystal morphologies. These zircons exhibit oscillatory zoning in their inherited cores and are surrounded by overgrowth rims. The second group comprises magmatic zircons, which are observed as euhedral prismatic to subhedral circular grains with distinct oscillatory zoning, commonly surrounded by bright, thin recrystallized rims. These grains yielded concordia ages ranging from 201.6 ± 1.5 Ma to 199.1 ± 1.4 Ma, indicating the emplacement of YK pegmatites in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic. The third group consists of younger secondary zircons, dated from overgrowth rims, with <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>238</sup>U ages ranging from 180.6 ± 3.91 Ma to 46 ± 1.09 Ma. These grains contain elevated concentrations of Nb, Ta, Ti, and P (avg. 286.2, 103.5, 105.4, and 1415 ppm, respectively) compared to the inherited and magmatic zircons. The <sup>176</sup>Hf/<sup>177</sup>Hf ratios (0","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multi-stage mineralization and uplift of the Li-Be metal ore belt on the northern margin of Qaidam basin in Qinghai province","authors":"Li Yang ,&nbsp;Wanming Yuan ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Zhidan Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhenju Zhou ,&nbsp;Mingming Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the zircon and apatite fission track data from the Chakabeishan region, focusing on lithium-beryllium and niobium-tantalum-lithium deposits. The zircon fission track results suggest that the age group of 170–159 Ma represents the peak of lithium mineralization, while the 153–137 Ma group is related to the hydrothermal stage of pegmatites. The 127–106 Ma group marks the end of hydrothermal evolution, and cooling events in the Late Cretaceous (100–94 Ma and 87–72 Ma) are associated with subsequent metallogenic events. Thermal history simulations of apatite fission tracks reveal four exhumation stages: 160–140 Ma (0.86 km), 140–50 Ma (0.57 km), 50–15 Ma (0.43 km), and 15 Ma to present (1.43 km), with a total exhumation thickness of 3.29 km. The study also shows that the rare metal metallogenic thermal events in the Chakabeishan are coupled with those in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, particularly during the Late Cretaceous to Eocene (100–41 Ma). This coupling reflects widespread thermal effects caused by regional tectonic movements and collisions, providing key insights into the timing and genesis of rare metal mineralization. The findings highlight the importance of zircon and apatite fission track methods in determining the metallogenic age of pegmatite deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-stage evolution of a gold mineralization from southern China: Implications for the ore-forming processes","authors":"Yayun Liang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Xue ,&nbsp;Long Li ,&nbsp;Christoph Beier ,&nbsp;Hongsheng He ,&nbsp;Jincheng Xiao ,&nbsp;Jun Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jinshan gold deposit is hosted in the Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the central part of the Jiangnan Orogen in southern China. Multiple generations of arsenopyrite and pyrite were formed: Stage 1 arsenopyrite- pyrrhotite, Stage 2 quartz–arsenopyrite–gold and Stage 3 quartz–carbonate–pyrite. Here, we present <em>in situ</em> major element, trace element, trace element mapping, and <em>in situ</em> sulfur isotope analyses of sulfides. Gold enrichment is not dependent on As, but may be transmitted through the low melting chalcophile element (LMCE) such as Pb, Bi, Sb, Te. The ore-forming fluids of gold mineralization were likely derived from a magmatic source. We analyze the detailed enrichment process that the early fluid has low contents of Au but as a result of decreasing in temperature the ore-forming fluids; the dissolution and reprecipitation process of arsenopyrite caused by late magmatic-hydrothermal fluid with elevated Au content led to the local change of <em>f</em>o₂ in the fluid, thereby promoting the release of Au.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triassic gold-polymetallic mineralization in the middle section of the Central Asian orogenic belt: In-situ garnet U-Pb dating and composition analyzing on the garnets from Laodonggou deposit","authors":"Weidong Tang ,&nbsp;Yongbao Gao ,&nbsp;Liyong Wei ,&nbsp;Zhanlin Ge ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Wu ,&nbsp;Tianhang Liu ,&nbsp;Cheng Ma ,&nbsp;Xuepeng Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Beishan Orogenic Belt, situated in the middle section of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), is a key region for endogenous metal mineralization. Within this belt, the Laodonggou gold–polymetallic deposit is a representative example of such deposits. Skarn-type ore is the most important ore type, and the skarn stage represents the initial phase of enrichment and mineralization of metallic minerals, including gold and copper. Garnet, the dominant alteration mineral during the skarn stage, provides crucial insights into the physicochemical characteristics, fluid environment, and timing of the early mineralization at Laodonggou. Two generations of garnets were identified in the deposit. Garnets formed during the prograde skarn stage primarily belong to the andradite-grossular transitional series, while those formed during the retrograde skarn stage are predominantly andradite. Findings revealed that the early zoned garnets from the prograde skarn stage developed under relatively neutral, weakly oxidizing to weakly reducing conditions, with a low water–rock ratio and relatively closed fluid conditions. During the retrograde skarn stage, the fluid environment became weakly acidic and weakly oxidizing, with an open fluid system, higher water–rock ratios, and increased oxygen fugacity. Moreover, fluid metasomatism during this stage was characterized by infiltrative metasomatism, which facilitated gold enrichment and mineralization. Garnet in-situ U–Pb ages of 243.5 ± 9.1 Ma and 245.6 ± 5.3 Ma were obtained for the Laodonggou deposit for the first time, which serves as a representative example of the Triassic gold–polymetallic mineralization event in the middle section of the CAOB. During the Triassic, the middle CAOB experienced three major subduction phases, namely, 258–247 Ma, 234–230 Ma, and 222–211 Ma. Similarly, regional intermediate-felsic magmatic intrusions occurred in three phases, namely, 248–233 Ma, 225–217 Ma, and 207–209 Ma. The prolonged and intermittent subduction provided abundant deep-seated metallogenic materials, making the Triassic one of the most critical periods for metal mineralization in the region, which can be divided into two relatively concentrated phases. The period of 250–220 Ma saw the peak for gold and polymetallic mineralization, while 213–203 Ma experienced weaker gold–polymetallic mineralization, with rare metal mineralization dominating. Isotope studies of S, Pb, and C–O indicate that the metallogenic materials of the deposit originated from a mixed source, including deep-seated magmas and country rocks, with magmatic fluids playing a dominant role in the mineralization process. Based on the characteristics of rare earth elements, we conclude that the skarn, gold ore bodies, and diorite porphyrite of the deposit are products of the same magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization system. Therefore, the Laodonggou gold–polymetallic deposit is interpreted as having a magmatic origin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Wolframite solubility and precipitation in hydrothermal fluids: Insight from thermodynamic modeling” [Ore Geol. Rev. 117 (2020) 103289]","authors":"Xiangchong Liu ,&nbsp;Changhao Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and genesis of the ji’an Pb-Zn deposit in the east of Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt, NE China","authors":"Yanpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Jinggui Sun ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Chuntao Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt (JLJB) is located in the northeast of the North China Craton, which is a gathering place for polymetallic deposits dominated by magmatism. The Ji’an Pb-Zn deposit is situated in the eastern region of the JLJB, where ore bodies were hosted in the Cambrian brecciated limestone. Four mineralization stages have been identified here: the retrograde skarn (Pre-ore), early quartz-sulfide (I), late quartz-sulfide (II) and quartz-carbonate (III) stages. Fluid inclusions (FIs) include three types which are gas-dominated (W₁-type), liquid- dominated (W₂-type) and pure-liquid (PL-type) FIs. During the Pre-ore and I Stages, the hydrothermal fluids are characterized by a H₂O–NaCl ± CO₂ composition, with temperature variations spanning 271–474°C and salinity levels ranging from 4.32–13.30 wt% NaCl eqv. The latter stages, however, are characterized by a simpler H₂O–NaCl system, with temperatures and salinity levels measured at 131–283 °C and 2.39–9.6 wt% NaCl eqv, respectively. Isotopic analysis of hydrogen and oxygen suggests that these hydrothermal fluids predominantly originate from magmatic source, with subsequent admixture with meteoric waters. Furthermore, in-situ sulfur isotope studies indicate the magmatic genesis of the Pb-Zn sulfides in the Stage II, whereas the Stage III sulfides are deduced to derive from both magmatic and sedimentary sources. in-situ lead isotopic data further infer that the origins of the Pb-Zn minerals are linked to the crust and orogenic belts. Hydrothermal apatite has a U-Pb age of 119 ± 3.4 Ma, which constrain the formation of the deposit to the Early Cretaceous. According to comparative assessments with typical deposits, the Ji’an Pb-Zn deposit is a skarn type formed by metasomatic interactions between subsurface granitic magmas and the limestone of the Zhangxia Formation during the Early Cretaceous. Immiscibility and mixing of hydrothermal fluids play an important role in metal deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical constraints on the genesis of Au mineralization at the Wangzhuang deposit, South Qinling, China: Insights from fluid inclusion, trace elements, and H–O–S–Fe–Pb isotopic studies","authors":"Wuyi Meng ,&nbsp;Jiajun Liu ,&nbsp;Emmanuel John M. Carranza ,&nbsp;Faqiao Li ,&nbsp;Yongbao Gao ,&nbsp;Liyong Wei ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Wu ,&nbsp;Bin Jia ,&nbsp;Xin Zheng ,&nbsp;Ningbo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Zhen’an–Xunyang Basin, a rifted basin in the South Qinling orogenic belt, hosts significant Hg–Sb–Au deposits, including Gongguan, Qingtonggou, and recently discovered Carlin-type gold deposits like the Wang Zhuang deposit. The Wang Zhuang gold deposit, characterized by bedding-parallel fault zone control, providing the setting to study the genetic mechanisms of Au deposits. Current assessments indicate a potential Au resource of 2.57 tons within the Wangzhuang gold deposit, highlighting promising prospects. The alteration and mineralization processes of the Wangzhuang deposit are divided into three stages: (Ⅰ) arsenopyrite–quartz vein stage, (Ⅱ) quartz veins with arsenian pyrite stage, and (Ⅲ) quartz-carbonate stage. The initial two stages, reflecting the principal phase of ore formation, are closely interconnected, while Stage III encompasses a subsequent phase of mineralization characterized by relatively weaker alteration and mineralization. This study reveals magmatic involvement in ore formation through H–O–S–Fe–Pb isotope analyses. Fluid inclusion analyses of quartz reveal that the Au mineralization is associated with medium– to low–temperature (112–330 °C) and medium– to low–salinity (1.3–11.4 wt% NaCl equivalent) fluids enriched with organic components. The H–O isotopes of quartz show δD_V-SMOW values ranging from −83.8 ‰ to −75.4 ‰, decreasing from early to late mineralization stages. S isotopic analyses of pyrite and arsenopyrite reveal δ³⁴S values of 8.4 ‰ to 10.9 ‰ in arsenopyrite, significantly lower than the δ³⁴S values of 35.6 ‰ to 60.4 ‰ in the surrounding strata, indicating a non-stratigraphic sulfur source. Fe isotopes suggest that δ⁵⁶Fe values range from 0.2 ‰ to 2.1 ‰ before mineralization and 0.6 ‰ to 2.0 ‰ during mineralization, indicating Fe was primarily derived from adjacent strata. Pb isotopic ratios of pyrite and arsenopyrite exhibit the following ranges: ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb from 39.700 to 40.368, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb from 15.977 to 16.073, and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb from 18.543 to 18.811. When integrated with Pb isotopic data from the Jinlongshan and Gongguan deposits in the same region, the isotopic evolution trend aligns with that of Late Jurassic granites, indicating that Pb originated from a mixture of magmatic and stratigraphic sources. In summary, magmatic fluids mobilized metals from Cambrian strata, serving as the primary ore-forming source. Fluid mixing and changes in physical and chemical conditions likely facilitated gold precipitation. The Au–Hg–Sb deposits in this region may share a common ore-forming process, with host rock characteristics and the distinct properties of Au, Hg, and Sb determining their segregation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geology and Cu mineralization in the Jiangbian deposit of the Yangla polymetallic orefield, SW China: In situ trace element constraints and s-pb sulfide isotopic compositions","authors":"Xinfu Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Shucheng Tan ,&nbsp;Cheng Xu ,&nbsp;Changfen He ,&nbsp;Yuhuan Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jiangbian deposit is an important component of the Yangla Cu–polymetallic orefield in the central area of the Jinsahjiang suture zone (JSZ), Sanjiang region, southwestern China, comprising 0.53 Mt Cu, 0.70 t Au, and 39 t Ag at 0.94 %, 0.13 g/t, and 14.28 g/t, respectively. The layered and veined Cu orebodies within the contact or fracture zone between the Triassic granitoid plutons (granodiorite) and Devonian wall rocks (<em>meta</em>-quartz arenite, sandy slate and marble). Three ore stages: Pre-ore (andradite and diopside), <em>syn</em>-ore (sulfides, quartz, and calcite), and supergene have been preliminarily identified in the Jiangbian Cu mineralization. In this study, in-situ trace element and S-Pb isotopic compositions of ore-related sulfides were systematically determined and used to precisely constrain metals source, ore genesis and ore-forming processes. Trace elemental geochemistry of sulfides from the Jiangbian deposit indicate that various trace elements are predominantly present in sulfides as solid solutions and nano-inclusions, with less micro-inclusions.</div><div>The calculated ore deposition temperature mainly ranged from 281 to 371 ℃ (avg. 319 ℃) based on the trace element geochemistry of sulfides, suggesting that the Cu ore-related sulfides formed at medium–high temperature conditions. Arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite from the Jiangbian deposit show uniform δ³⁴S values ranging from –7.29 to + 3.18 ‰ (avg. –2.18 ‰; <em>n</em> = 40) and highly similar to the sulfides (δ³⁴S ≈ 0 ± 3.0 ‰) from the Linong and Lunong Cu deposits, a typical magmatic-derived S. The in-situ Pb isotopes of galena exhibited narrow ranges (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 18.305–18.317, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.675–15.682, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 38.626–38.647; <em>n</em> = 10) and highly similar to that of typical skarn Cu-Pb-Zn ores from Linong-Luong Cu deposit, indicating that the metals originated from a mixed source of upper-lower crustal materials. Considering the new elemental and S-Pb isotopic data of these sulfides combined with the Cu orebodies are spatially and genetically related to Triassic granodiorite and skarn, we preliminarily propose that the Jiangbian deposit is a typical intrusion-related skarn Cu deposit. Studying the genesis of the Jianbian deposit provides a better understanding of the Cu mineralization potential of the Yangla Cu–polymetallic orefield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and mineralogical investigation of germanium-rich chalcopyrite veins from the Cu-Ag Kupferschiefer deposit, Poland","authors":"Krzysztof Foltyn ,&nbsp;Dariusz Węgrzynek ,&nbsp;Viktor Bertrandsson Erlandsson ,&nbsp;Eligiusz Gugała ,&nbsp;Gabriela A. Kozub-Budzyń ,&nbsp;Frank Melcher ,&nbsp;Magdalena Szczerbowska-Boruchowska ,&nbsp;Adam Piestrzyński","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The underlying geological processes responsible for germanium enrichment across various mineralization types remain elusive, posing a significant obstacle to the development of a comprehensive genetic models. The investigation of germanium-rich epigenetic sulfide-calcite veins from the Cu-Ag Kupferschiefer deposit in Lubin-Sieroszowice ore district in Poland provides new insights into the mechanisms of germanium concentration in sulfide ores. Petrographic observations at macro- and microscale levels suggest that this mineralization style is consistent with single or multiple brecciation episodes likely related to natural hydraulic fracturing by overpressured fluids. Electron microprobe microanalysis (EPMA), TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) reveal that chalcopyrite, a predominant mineral in the veins, is also the primary host of germanium, containing up to 5 016 mg/kg of Ge. Typical associations include calcite, bornite, sphalerite, galena, and tennantite, with less common occurrences of luzonite, gersdorffite, betekhtinite, and anhydrite. Micro X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) mapping of massive chalcopyrite demonstrates that germanium distribution is inhomogeneous exhibiting two distinct spatial distribution patterns: dendrite-like and apparent oscillatory zoning. It is hypothesized that a rapid fluid pressure drop could be an important factor in formation of germanium-enriched sulphide ores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium isotope constraints on brine sources and evolution in Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Mao-Yong He ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Jianzhou Chen ,&nbsp;Zheng Yan Li ,&nbsp;Li Deng ,&nbsp;Tong Xiang Ren ,&nbsp;Jia Xin Luo ,&nbsp;Hui Hui Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genesis and evolutionary pathways of potassium resources in salt lakes form the scientific foundation for sustainable exploration and utilization of these critical mineral reserves. Potassium isotope system (δ⁴¹K), characterized by significant mass-dependent fractionation, has emerged as an effective tracer for investigating geological processes and material sources. This study presents a comprehensive geochemical investigation of brine salts, intercrystalline brines, and river waters collected from the Qaidam Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau, China. The ion compositions, hydrochemical characteristics, and potassium isotopic compositions of the samples were analyzed. Analytical results reveal substantial spatial heterogeneity in potassium concentrations ([K⁺]) across different sample types, ranging from less than 0.01 × 10³ mg L⁻¹ to ∼21.12 × 10³ mg L⁻¹. A distinct [K⁺] hierarchy emerges: river samples &lt; freshwater lakes &lt; semi saline lakes &lt; brine lakes &lt; intercrystalline brines. Concurrent δ⁴¹K values exhibit significant variability (−0.77 ‰ to + 1.31 ‰), demonstrating systematic correlations with both [K⁺] concentrations and basin-scale structural features, as evidenced by comparative analysis with published δ⁷Li and δ¹¹B datasets. Multivariate isotopic analysis (δ⁴¹K-δ⁷Li-δ¹¹B) coupled with hydrochemical fingerprinting reveals a polygenetic potassium origin for Qaidam’s brine systems, involving: multiple mixture of rivers, deep groundwater via fractures (oil field brines, hot springs, etc.), and low-temperature weathering processes of K-rich rock. Notably, δ⁴¹K signatures show systematic differentiation between two major brine types. The δ⁴¹K values of chloride type salt lakes is relatively small (−0.57 ‰ to 0.22 ‰), whereas those in sulfate type salt lakes is much larger (−0.77 ‰ to 1.31 ‰). The results suggest that δ⁴¹K is a powerful tracer not only for indicating changes in sources but also for reflecting the evolutionary processes of brine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}