Open Biology最新文献_第5页

Mechanical bone loading effects on morphology and mechanobiology in the coronal suture of Crouzon mice. 机械骨负荷对Crouzon小鼠冠状缝合形态和力学生物学的影响。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250387

Miranda Steacy, Marius Didziokas, Tengyang Qiu, Damith S Chathuranga, Ce Liang, Ali Alazmani, Dale Moulding, Oliver Gardner, Mehran Moazen, Erwin Pauws

{"title":"Mechanical bone loading effects on morphology and mechanobiology in the coronal suture of Crouzon mice.","authors":"Miranda Steacy, Marius Didziokas, Tengyang Qiu, Damith S Chathuranga, Ce Liang, Ali Alazmani, Dale Moulding, Oliver Gardner, Mehran Moazen, Erwin Pauws","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250387","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250387","url":null,"abstract":"Craniosynostosis is a congenital condition characterized by the premature fusion of the craniofacial sutures. The Crouzon mouse (Fgfr2cC342Y/+) is a well-established model of this condition which shows premature fusion of the coronal suture. Our group has recently shown that postnatal, cyclic loading can potentially rescue the coronal suture and normalize skull morphology in Crouzon mice. This study aimed to investigate the underlying biological mechanism of the treatment. Wild-type (WT) and Crouzon (MUT) mice underwent in vivo loading sessions. Loading did not significantly affect skull shape. The patency across the coronal suture did not change between treated and untreated MUT animals. Orientation and coherence of the coronal suture collagen fibres were statistically different when comparing WT untreated with MUT untreated and WT treated with MUT treated. Treatment increases the number of proliferative cells in both the WT and MUT sutures compared to their untreated counterparts. The mechanobiological mechanisms driving the differences need further investigation into molecular mechanotransduction pathways. Understanding the biological principles affected during bone loading, a more refined cyclical bone loading protocol can be developed and refined for potential clinical use.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-cell-autonomous regulation of testicular stem cell niche homeostasis by the 20S proteasome core particle through cell adhesion and cyclin proteins. 20S蛋白酶体核心颗粒通过细胞粘附和细胞周期蛋白对睾丸干细胞生态位稳态的非细胞自主调节。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250124

Jiaxin Li, Chenyu Wang, Weiyi Qian, Lei He, Qiuru Huang, Junwei Zhao, Ziyu Cao, Yuqi Huang, Yanting Wang, Xinda Wang, Yuwen Du, Xinyang Li, Guyue Zhu, Youran Li, Jun Yu, Xiaofang Tan, Zhiran Li

{"title":"Non-cell-autonomous regulation of testicular stem cell niche homeostasis by the 20S proteasome core particle through cell adhesion and cyclin proteins.","authors":"Jiaxin Li, Chenyu Wang, Weiyi Qian, Lei He, Qiuru Huang, Junwei Zhao, Ziyu Cao, Yuqi Huang, Yanting Wang, Xinda Wang, Yuwen Du, Xinyang Li, Guyue Zhu, Youran Li, Jun Yu, Xiaofang Tan, Zhiran Li","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250124","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250124","url":null,"abstract":"The Drosophila stem cell niche harbours two principal stem cell populations: germline stem cells (GSCs) and cyst stem cells (CySCs), whose self-renewal and differentiation are stringently governed by niche-derived regulatory factors. Nevertheless, the mechanistic role of the 20S core particle (CP)-the catalytic core of the 26S proteasome-within this niche remains poorly elucidated. In this study, we reveal that three 20S CP subunits, Prosα5, Prosβ2 and Prosβ5, mediate non-cell autonomous effects in the niche. Loss of function of Prosα5, Prosβ2 or Prosβ5 in cyst cells disrupts CySC differentiation, impairs early-stage germline differentiation and culminates in testicular dysgenesis, aberrant GSC-like cluster formation and male sterility. Moreover, we establish that diminished levels of these proteasome subunits trigger the accumulation of cell adhesion molecules and Cyclin proteins. Collectively, our findings offer novel insights into the regulatory functions of the 20S CP within the Drosophila testicular stem cell niche.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal cnidocyte specialization in a sea anemone. 表观基因组学和转录组学分析揭示了海葵中刺胞细胞的特化。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-08 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250434

Itamar Kozlovski, Adrian Jaimes-Becerra, Daria Aleshkina, Matan Levy, Yehu Moran

{"title":"Epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal cnidocyte specialization in a sea anemone.","authors":"Itamar Kozlovski, Adrian Jaimes-Becerra, Daria Aleshkina, Matan Levy, Yehu Moran","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250434","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250434","url":null,"abstract":"Cnidarians, including corals, hydras, jellyfish and sea anemones, possess specialized stinging cells called cnidocytes that function in prey capture and defense. These cells represent a striking evolutionary innovation and produce distinct types of organelles such as venom-injecting nematocysts and mechanically entangling spirocysts. While their biomechanics and transcriptional regulation have been studied extensively, little is known about their epigenetic regulation. Here, we combined epigenetic profiling with RNA sequencing in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis to explore regulatory programs underlying cnidocyte diversity. We identified cell-type-specific H3K27ac-marked regulatory elements in promoter-proximal and distal regions and linked them to distinct gene expression programs. This analysis revealed fundamental differences between nematocytes and spirocytes and uncovered a previously unrecognized nematocyte population that expresses the Nep3 toxin but lacks most other toxins. These findings highlight the complexity of cnidocyte regulation and suggest greater cellular diversity within this defining cnidarian cell type than previously appreciated.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-cheliceral region patterning in a spider provides new insights into the development and evolution of arthropod neurosecretory centres. 蜘蛛的化学前区域模式为节肢动物神经分泌中心的发展和进化提供了新的见解。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-08 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250428

Amber Harper, Lauren Sumner-Rooney, Ralf Janssen, Alistair P McGregor

{"title":"Pre-cheliceral region patterning in a spider provides new insights into the development and evolution of arthropod neurosecretory centres.","authors":"Amber Harper, Lauren Sumner-Rooney, Ralf Janssen, Alistair P McGregor","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250428","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250428","url":null,"abstract":"Comparing head development among arthropods has helped identify ancestral aspects of brain patterning and structure in animals more generally. Most understanding of arthropod head patterning has been learned from insects and the myriapod Strigamia maritima. Chelicerates represent an outgroup to mandibulate arthropods and can provide a valuable perspective to arthropod evolution and development. We assayed the expression of key markers of head patterning and neurosecretory centres from mandibulates in the pre-cheliceral region of embryos of the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. We found that, like mandibulates, this spider likely has a pars intercerebralis, marked by six3.2 and visual system homeobox/chx. We also found some evidence for another neurosecretory centre, the pars lateralis, marked by six3.2 and fasciclin 2. Furthermore, we identified anterior-medial cells in the spider pre-cheliceral region that express six3.2, foxQ2 and collier1, suggesting they may be pioneer neurons. However, these spider cells do not appear to be equivalent to the central pioneer neuronal cells identified in S. maritima because they lack expression of other key markers. Taken together, our study of spider pre-cheliceral region patterning adds a new chelicerate perspective to understanding the development and evolution of the arthropod head.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autophagy in the arms race: how pathogen effectors rewire immunity in plants. 军备竞赛中的自噬：病原体效应物如何在植物中重新连接免疫。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250446

Enoch Lok Him Yuen, Tolga O Bozkurt

{"title":"Autophagy in the arms race: how pathogen effectors rewire immunity in plants.","authors":"Enoch Lok Him Yuen, Tolga O Bozkurt","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250446","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250446","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved recycling process that underpins cellular homeostasis and stress resilience in eukaryotes. In the context of plant-pathogen interactions, autophagy has emerged as a key regulatory hub linking immunity, metabolism and programmed cell death. Recent discoveries reveal that diverse virulence factors, or effectors, from a wide range of pathogens target the host autophagy machinery to manipulate cellular responses for their own benefit. On the one hand, selective autophagy functions as a critical component of plant immunity by directly eliminating intracellular pathogens and pathogen-derived molecules, while also degrading negative regulators of immune pathways, thereby strengthening host defences. On the other hand, many pathogens subvert autophagic processes through their effector arsenal: some suppress autophagic degradation to evade immune clearance or maintain host cell viability, whereas others hijack autophagic membranes and signalling components to promote replication and nutrient acquisition. Together, these findings establish autophagy as a central battleground in the molecular arms race between plants and their pathogens. Understanding how effector-autophagy interfaces shape infection outcomes will be critical for engineering disease resistance and for redefining the multifaceted roles of autophagy in plant immunity.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The biology and pathophysiology of the proatherogenic metalloprotease ADAMTS7. 促动脉粥样硬化金属蛋白酶ADAMTS7的生物学和病理生理学研究。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250111

Shiwali Goyal, James Muniu, Mohd Akbar Bhat, Eli Oldham, Derrick W Pruitt, Luis Frias Perez, Frida Z Miranda, Joshua Muia

{"title":"The biology and pathophysiology of the proatherogenic metalloprotease ADAMTS7.","authors":"Shiwali Goyal, James Muniu, Mohd Akbar Bhat, Eli Oldham, Derrick W Pruitt, Luis Frias Perez, Frida Z Miranda, Joshua Muia","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250111","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250111","url":null,"abstract":"The ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motifs) metalloprotease family comprises 19 members, and they play critical roles in development, angiogenesis and coagulation. These enzymes are also pivotal in the turnover of extracellular matrix proteins in various tissues, and their dysregulation has been linked to diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer and inflammation. These secreted zinc metalloproteases are composed of multiple domains and are localized to the extracellular matrix and present in circulation. The metalloprotease member 7 of this family or ADAMTS7 was cloned in 2004. However, in 2011, it gained significant attention when its gene locus was associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Despite its strong association with human diseases, the biological functions, substrate targets and processing of ADAMTS7 remain poorly understood, limiting our comprehension of its roles in both health and disease. This review highlights the structural organization of ADAMTS7, its expression and regulation, known substrates, and its involvement in various pathophysiological processes. Additionally, perspectives on future research directions and priorities are presented. ADAMTS7 remains a compelling target for drug and biomarker discovery, though much about this metalloprotease remains to be uncovered.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of stress sensitivity in memory formation: why do some animals learn while others do not? Lessons from Lymnaea stagnalis. 探索应激敏感性在记忆形成中的作用：为什么有些动物能学习而有些动物不能？从停滞林的经验教训。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250283

Veronica Rivi, Kate Yakubets, Grace Pele, Anuradha Batabyal, Johanna M C Blom, Fabio Tascedda, Cristina Benatti, Ken Lukowiak

{"title":"Exploring the role of stress sensitivity in memory formation: why do some animals learn while others do not? Lessons from Lymnaea stagnalis.","authors":"Veronica Rivi, Kate Yakubets, Grace Pele, Anuradha Batabyal, Johanna M C Blom, Fabio Tascedda, Cristina Benatti, Ken Lukowiak","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250283","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250283","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to learn and form memory is critical for survival, yet even genetically similar individuals can vary considerably in their cognitive performance. Using the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, we investigated how individual sensitivity to stress influences configural learning-a higher-order form of associative learning in which the simultaneous exposure to two contrasting stimuli, such as a predatory odour and an appetitive taste, results in the appetitive stimulus becoming associated with risk and evoking anti-predator behaviours. We used freshly collected, predator-naive snails from Margo Lake, Canada. While group-level data suggested the Margo strain failed to learn, individual-level analysis revealed that some snails successfully formed configural memories, while others did not. We hypothesized that this divergence reflects differences in individual (predator-related) stress responsiveness, which may modulate the engagement of memory-related molecular pathways. To test this, we measured expression levels of selected genes in the central ring ganglia. Snails that formed configural memories showed significantly higher expression of stress-responsive genes, components of the serotonin pathway and markers of neuroplasticity, along with increased endocannabinoid turnover. These findings suggest that individual variation in stress reactivity can drive adaptive differences in cognitive performance, offering new insights into the molecular and behavioural mechanisms underlying learning and memory.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

STIM1 and endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites oscillate independently of calcium-induced calcium release. STIM1和内质网-质膜接触位点的振荡独立于钙诱导的钙释放。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250220

Ding Xiong, Cheesan Tong, Suet Yin Sarah Fung, Samantha McClellan, Yang Yang, Jeffery Yong, Min Wu

{"title":"STIM1 and endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites oscillate independently of calcium-induced calcium release.","authors":"Ding Xiong, Cheesan Tong, Suet Yin Sarah Fung, Samantha McClellan, Yang Yang, Jeffery Yong, Min Wu","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250220","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250220","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium (Ca²+) release from intracellular stores, Ca²+ entry across the plasma membrane and their coordination via store-operated Ca²+ entry (SOCE) are critical for receptor-activated Ca²+ oscillations. However, the precise mechanism of Ca²+ oscillations and whether their control loop resides at the plasma membrane or intracellularly remains unresolved. By examining the dynamics of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized Ca²+ sensor that activates the Orai1 channel on the plasma membrane for SOCE, in mast cells, we found that a significant proportion of cells exhibited STIM1 oscillations with the same periodicity as Ca²+ oscillations. These cortical oscillations, shared with ER-plasma membrane (ER-PM) contact site proteins, were only detectable using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Notably, STIM1 oscillations could occur independently of Ca²+ oscillations. Simultaneous imaging of cytoplasmic Ca²+ and ER Ca²+ with CEPIA1er revealed that receptor activation does not deplete ER Ca²+, whereas receptor activation without extracellular Ca²+ influx induces cyclic ER Ca²+ depletion. However, under such non-physiological conditions, cyclic ER Ca²+ oscillations lead to sustained STIM1 recruitment, indicating that oscillatory Ca²+ release is neither necessary nor sufficient for STIM1 oscillations. Using optogenetic tools to manipulate ER-PM contact site dynamics, we found that persistent ER-PM contact sites reduced the amplitude of Ca²+ oscillations without alteration of oscillation frequency. Together, these findings suggest an active cortical mechanism governs the rapid dissociation of ER-PM contact sites, thereby controlling amplitude of oscillatory Ca²+ dynamics during receptor-induced Ca²+ oscillations.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Know thyself. 认识你自己。

IF 3.6 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.260065

Jonathon Pines

引用次数: 0

Transcriptome-wide identification and expression profiling of chemosensory genes in rice grasshopper Oxya intricata (Orthoptera: Acrididae). 稻蝗化学感觉基因转录组鉴定及表达谱分析（直翅目：蝗科）。

IF 3.1 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.250373

Ran Li, Chao Xue, Dongkai Liu, Dan Zhang, Liyingzi He, Yujian Li, Xianfeng Yi

{"title":"Transcriptome-wide identification and expression profiling of chemosensory genes in rice grasshopper Oxya intricata (Orthoptera: Acrididae).","authors":"Ran Li, Chao Xue, Dongkai Liu, Dan Zhang, Liyingzi He, Yujian Li, Xianfeng Yi","doi":"10.1098/rsob.250373","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.250373","url":null,"abstract":"Chemosensory systems play an essential role in insect survival and reproduction, mediating behaviours such as host location, mating and oviposition. The rice grasshopper Oxya intricata is an important rice pest in Asia, yet the molecular basis of its olfaction remains poorly understood. In this study, we sequenced antennal transcriptomes from adult males and females and systematically identified chemosensory-related genes. A total of 104 candidates were identified, including 14 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 12 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 67 odorant receptors (ORs), nine ionotropic receptors (IRs) and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Expression profiling by quantitative real-time PCR revealed broad antennal enrichment across families, with subsets showing antenna-specific or sex-biased patterns, suggesting differential chemosensory deployment between tissues and sexes. Several OBPs, CSPs and ORs were also elevated in maxillary palps or tarsi, raising the possibility that these genes may be associated with contact or near-field chemosensation. Collectively, these results provide the first comprehensive survey of chemosensory genes in O. intricata and establish a molecular resource for future functional analyses of odour coding. The identified gene set offers tractable targets for ligand screening and behavioural assays, and may inform future efforts to develop semiochemical-based monitoring and management strategies for this economically important pest.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0