Open Biology最新文献_第2页

Mechanics of cell sheets: plectin as an integrator of cytoskeletal networks.

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240208

Zuzana Outla, Magdalena Prechova, Katerina Korelova, Jakub Gemperle, Martin Gregor

{"title":"Mechanics of cell sheets: plectin as an integrator of cytoskeletal networks.","authors":"Zuzana Outla, Magdalena Prechova, Katerina Korelova, Jakub Gemperle, Martin Gregor","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240208","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240208","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelia are multicellular sheets that form barriers defining the internal and external environments. The constant stresses acting at this interface require that epithelial sheets are mechanically robust and provide a selective barrier to the hostile exterior. These properties are mediated by cellular junctions which are physically linked with heavily crosslinked cytoskeletal networks. Such hardwiring is facilitated by plakins, a family of giant modular proteins which serve as 'molecular bridges' between different cytoskeletal filaments and multiprotein adhesion complexes. Dysfunction of cytoskeletal crosslinking compromises epithelial biomechanics and structural integrity. Subsequent loss of barrier function leads to disturbed tissue homeostasis and pathological consequences such as skin blistering or intestinal inflammation. In this article, we highlight the importance of the cytolinker protein plectin for the functional organization of epithelial cytoskeletal networks. In particular, we focus on the ability of plectin to act as an integrator of the epithelial cytoarchitecture that defines the biomechanics of the whole tissue. Finally, we also discuss the role of cytoskeletal crosslinking in emerging aspects of epithelial mechanobiology that are critical for the maintenance of epithelial homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"240208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A simple inland culture system provides insights into ascidian post-embryonic developmental physiology. 一个简单的内陆培养系统提供了对海鞘胚胎后发育生理学的见解。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240340

Birthe Thuesen Mathiesen, Mayu Ohta, Boris Pinto De Magalhaes, Chiara Castelletti, Vincenzo Perria, Keaton Schuster, Lionel Christiaen, Naoyuki Ohta

{"title":"A simple inland culture system provides insights into ascidian post-embryonic developmental physiology.","authors":"Birthe Thuesen Mathiesen, Mayu Ohta, Boris Pinto De Magalhaes, Chiara Castelletti, Vincenzo Perria, Keaton Schuster, Lionel Christiaen, Naoyuki Ohta","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240340","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240340","url":null,"abstract":"Maintenance and breeding of experimental organisms are fundamental to life sciences, but both initial and running costs, and hands-on zootechnical demands can be challenging for many laboratories. Here, we first aimed to further develop a simple protocol for reliable inland culture of tunicate model species of the Ciona genus. We cultured both Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis in controlled experimental conditions, with a focus on dietary variables, and quantified growth and maturation parameters. From statistical analysis of these standardized datasets, we gained insights into the post-embryonic developmental physiology of Ciona and inferred an improved diet and culturing conditions for sexual maturation. We showed that body length is a critical determinant of both somatic and sexual maturation, which suggests the existence of systemic control mechanisms of resource allocation towards somatic growth or maturation and supports applying size selection as a predictor of reproductive fitness in our inland culture to keep the healthiest animals at low density in the system. In the end, we successfully established a new protocol, including size selection, to promote both sperm and egg production. Our protocol using small tanks will empower researchers to initiate inland Ciona cultures with low costs and reduced space constraints.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"240340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNA splicing: a split consensus reveals two major 5' splice site classes. RNA剪接：一个分裂共识揭示了两个主要的5'剪接位点类别。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240293

Matthew T Parker, Sebastian M Fica, Gordon G Simpson

引用次数: 0

Targeting of retrovirus-derived Rtl8a/8b causes late-onset obesity, reduced social response and increased apathy-like behaviour.

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240279

Yoshifumi Fujioka, Hirosuke Shiura, Masayuki Ishii, Ryuichi Ono, Tsutomu Endo, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yoshikazu Hirate, Hikaru Ito, Masami Kanai-Azuma, Takashi Kohda, Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino, Fumitoshi Ishino

{"title":"Targeting of retrovirus-derived Rtl8a/8b causes late-onset obesity, reduced social response and increased apathy-like behaviour.","authors":"Yoshifumi Fujioka, Hirosuke Shiura, Masayuki Ishii, Ryuichi Ono, Tsutomu Endo, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yoshikazu Hirate, Hikaru Ito, Masami Kanai-Azuma, Takashi Kohda, Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino, Fumitoshi Ishino","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240279","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240279","url":null,"abstract":"Retrotransposon Gag-like (RTL) 8A, 8B and 8C are eutherian-specific genes derived from a certain retrovirus. They cluster as a triplet of genes on the X chromosome, but their function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Rtl8a and Rtl8b play important roles in the brain: their double knockout (DKO) mice not only exhibit reduced social responses and increased apathy-like behaviour, but also become obese from young adulthood, similar to patients with late Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), a neurodevelopmental genomic imprinting disorder. Mouse RTL8A/8B proteins are expressed in the prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus and localize to both the nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons, presumably due to the N-terminal nuclear localization signal-like sequence at the N-terminus. An RNAseq study in the cerebral cortex revealed reduced expression of several GABA type A receptor subunit genes in DKO, in particular Gabrb2, which encodes its β2 subunit. We confirmed the reduction of GABRB2 protein in the DKO cerebral cortex by western blotting. As GABRB2 has been implicated in the aetiology of several neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, it is likely that the reduction of GABRB2 is one of the major causes of the neuropsychiatric defects in the DKO mice.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"240279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure of WzxE the lipid III flippase for Enterobacterial Common Antigen polysaccharide. 肠杆菌共同抗原多糖脂质III翻转酶WzxE的结构。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240310

Audrey Le Bas, Bradley R Clarke, Tanisha Teelucksingh, Micah Lee, Kamel El Omari, Andrew M Giltrap, Stephen A McMahon, Hui Liu, John H Beale, Vitaliy Mykhaylyk, Ramona Duman, Neil G Paterson, Philip N Ward, Peter J Harrison, Miriam Weckener, Els Pardon, Jan Steyaert, Huanting Liu, Andrew Quigley, Benjamin G Davis, Armin Wagner, Chris Whitfield, James H Naismith

{"title":"Structure of WzxE the lipid III flippase for Enterobacterial Common Antigen polysaccharide.","authors":"Audrey Le Bas, Bradley R Clarke, Tanisha Teelucksingh, Micah Lee, Kamel El Omari, Andrew M Giltrap, Stephen A McMahon, Hui Liu, John H Beale, Vitaliy Mykhaylyk, Ramona Duman, Neil G Paterson, Philip N Ward, Peter J Harrison, Miriam Weckener, Els Pardon, Jan Steyaert, Huanting Liu, Andrew Quigley, Benjamin G Davis, Armin Wagner, Chris Whitfield, James H Naismith","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240310","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240310","url":null,"abstract":"The enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) is conserved in Gram-negative bacteria of the Enterobacterales order although its function is debated. ECA biogenesis depends on the Wzx/Wzy-dependent strategy whereby the newly synthesized lipid-linked repeat units, lipid III, are transferred across the inner membrane by the lipid III flippase WzxE. WzxE is part of the Wzx family and required in many glycan assembly systems, but an understanding of its molecular mechanism is hindered due to a lack of structural evidence. Here, we present the first X-ray structures of WzxE from Escherichia coli in complex with nanobodies. Both inward- and outward-facing conformations highlight two pairs of arginine residues that move in a reciprocal fashion, enabling flipping. One of the arginine pairs coordinated to a glutamate residue is essential for activity along with the C-terminal arginine rich tail located close to the entrance of the lumen. This work helps understand the translocation mechanism of the Wzx flippase family.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"240310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial chaperonin DNAJC15 promotes vulnerability to ferroptosis of chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells. 线粒体伴侣蛋白DNAJC15促进耐药卵巢癌细胞对铁下垂的易感性。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240151

Stefano Miglietta, Manuela Sollazzo, Iacopo Gherardi, Sara Milioni, Beatrice Cavina, Lorena Marchio, Monica De Luise, Camelia Alexandra Coada, Marco Fiorillo, Anna Myriam Perrone, Ivana Kurelac, Giuseppe Gasparre, Luisa Iommarini, Anna Maria Ghelli, Anna Maria Porcelli

{"title":"Mitochondrial chaperonin DNAJC15 promotes vulnerability to ferroptosis of chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells.","authors":"Stefano Miglietta, Manuela Sollazzo, Iacopo Gherardi, Sara Milioni, Beatrice Cavina, Lorena Marchio, Monica De Luise, Camelia Alexandra Coada, Marco Fiorillo, Anna Myriam Perrone, Ivana Kurelac, Giuseppe Gasparre, Luisa Iommarini, Anna Maria Ghelli, Anna Maria Porcelli","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240151","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240151","url":null,"abstract":"DNAJC15 is a mitochondrial TIMM23-related co-chaperonin known for its role in regulating oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, oxidative stress response and lipid metabolism. Recently, it has been proposed that the loss of DNAJC15 correlates with cisplatin (CDDP)-resistance onset in ovarian cancer (OC), suggesting this protein as a potential prognostic factor during OC progression. However, the molecular mechanisms through which DNAJC15 contributes to CDDP response remains poorly investigated. Here, we show that high levels of DNAJC15 are associated with accumulation of lipid droplets, decreased tumorigenic features and increased sensitivity to CDDP in OC cells. When overexpressed, DNAJC15 induced a phenotype displaying increased lipid peroxidation and subsequent ferroptosis induction. To prove a role for DNAJC15-induced ferroptosis in promoting sensitivity to CDDP, we reduced lipid peroxidation upon Ferrostatin 1 treatment, which decreased cells' vulnerability to ferroptosis ultimately recovering their CDDP-resistant phenotype. In conclusion, our study uncovers the role of DNAJC15 in modulating ferroptosis activation and in the onset of CDDP resistance in OC cells.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"240151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trace elements increase replicability of microbial growth.

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240301

Amit Shimoga Nadig, Rotem Gross, Tobias Bollenbach, Gerrit Ansmann

引用次数: 0

Thermal measurements support a role of the ABA/LANCL1-2 hormone/receptors system in thermogenesis. 热测量支持ABA/LANCL1-2激素/受体系统在产热中的作用。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240107

Giovanni Zocchi, Flavio Fontanelli, Sonia Spinelli, Laura Sturla, Mario Passalacqua, José Cristobal González Urra, Simona Delsante, Elena Zocchi

{"title":"Thermal measurements support a role of the ABA/LANCL1-2 hormone/receptors system in thermogenesis.","authors":"Giovanni Zocchi, Flavio Fontanelli, Sonia Spinelli, Laura Sturla, Mario Passalacqua, José Cristobal González Urra, Simona Delsante, Elena Zocchi","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240107","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240107","url":null,"abstract":"Abscisic acid (ABA) is a conserved 'stress hormone' in unicellular organisms, plants and animals. In mammals, ABA and its receptors LANCL1 and LANCL2 stimulate insulin-independent cell glucose uptake and oxidative metabolism: overexpression of LANCL1/2 increases, and their silencing conversely reduces, mitochondrial number, respiration and proton gradient dissipation in muscle cells and in brown adipocytes. We hypothesized that the ABA/LANCL hormone/receptors system could be involved in thermogenesis. Heat production by LANCL1/2-overexpressing versus double-silenced cells was compared in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes with two different methods: differential temperature measurements using sensitive thermistor probes and differential isothermal calorimetry. Overexpressing cells generate an approximately double amount of thermal power compared with double-silenced cells, and addition of ABA further doubles heat production in overexpressing cells. With the temperature probes, we find a timescale of approximately 4 min for thermogenesis to 'turn on' after nutrient addition. We provide direct measurements of increased heat production triggered by the ABA/LANCL hormone receptors system. Combined with previous work on oxphos decoupling, these results support the role of the ABA/LANCL hormone receptors system as a hitherto unknown regulator of cell thermogenesis.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"14 12","pages":"240107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and characterization of host miRNAs that target the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) genome. 靶向小鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒（MMTV）基因组的宿主mirna的鉴定和表征

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240203

Bushra Gull, Waqar Ahmad, Jasmin Baby, Neena G Panicker, Thanumol Abdul Khader, Tahir A Rizvi, Farah Mustafa

{"title":"Identification and characterization of host miRNAs that target the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) genome.","authors":"Bushra Gull, Waqar Ahmad, Jasmin Baby, Neena G Panicker, Thanumol Abdul Khader, Tahir A Rizvi, Farah Mustafa","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240203","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240203","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate interplay between viruses and hosts involves microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate gene expression by targeting cellular/viral messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV), the aetiological agent of breast cancer and leukaemia/lymphomas in mice, provides an ideal model to explore how viral and host miRNAs interact to modulate virus replication and tumorigenesis. We previously reported dysregulation of host miRNAs in MMTV-infected mammary glands and MMTV-induced tumours, suggesting a direct interaction between MMTV and miRNAs. To explore this further, we systematically examined all potential interactions between host miRNAs and the MMTV genome using advanced prediction tools. Leveraging miRNA sequencing data from MMTV-expressing cells, we identified dysregulated miRNAs capable of targeting MMTV. Docking analysis validated the interaction of three dysregulated miRNAs with the MMTV genome, followed by confirmation with RNA immunoprecipitation assays. We further identified host targets of these miRNAs using mRNA sequencing data from MMTV-expressing cells. These findings should enhance our understanding of how MMTV replicates and interacts with the host to induce cancer in mice, a model important for cancer research. Given MMTV's potential zoonosis and association with human breast cancer/lymphomas, if confirmed, our work could further lead to novel miRNA-based antivirals/therapeutics to prevent possible MMTV transmission and associated cancers in humans.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"14 12","pages":"240203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the efficacy of protein quantification methods on membrane proteins. 评价膜蛋白定量方法的有效性。

IF 4.5 3区生物学

Open Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240082

Jana Löptien, Sidney Vesting, Susanne Dobler, Shabnam Mohammadi

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy of protein quantification methods on membrane proteins.","authors":"Jana Löptien, Sidney Vesting, Susanne Dobler, Shabnam Mohammadi","doi":"10.1098/rsob.240082","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsob.240082","url":null,"abstract":"Protein quantification is an important tool for a wide range of biological applications. The most common methods include the Lowry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) and Coomassie Bradford assays. Despite their wide applicability, the mechanisms of action imply that these methods may not be ideal for large transmembrane proteins due to the proteins' integration in the plasma membrane. Here, we investigate this problem by assessing the efficacy and applicability of these three common protein quantification methods on a candidate transmembrane protein: Na, K-ATPase (NKA). We compared these methods with an ELISA, which we newly developed and describe here for the quantification of NKA. The use of a relative standard curve allows this ELISA to be easily adapted to other proteins and across the animal kingdom. Our results revealed that the three conventional methods significantly overestimate the concentration of NKA compared with the ELISA. This is due to the samples containing a heterogeneous mix of proteins, including a significant amount of non-target proteins. Further, by applying the protein concentrations determined by the different methods to in vitro assays, we found that variation in the resulting data was consistently low when the assay reactions were prepared based on concentrations determined from the ELISA.","PeriodicalId":19629,"journal":{"name":"Open Biology","volume":"14 12","pages":"240082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0