Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Wheat Breeding for Disease Resistance: Review","authors":"Gadisa Alemu","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000142","url":null,"abstract":"Breeding for disease resistance is a central focus of plant breeding programs, as any successful variety must have the complete package of high yield, disease resistance, agronomic performance, and end - use quality. Wheat breeding is focused on high yield, pathogen resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. Among diseases of wheat yellow rust, stem rust, and leaf rust are the most damaging diseases of wheat and other small grain cereals . Disease resistance in wheat breeding with one exception, the diseases of wheat that is important because of their effect on yield. Resistance to all diseases together can is important to avoid an unexpected loss in effectiveness of the resistance of a cu ltivar to a major disease. The genetic resistance to stem rust, leaf rust and yellow rust can be characterized as qualitative and quantitative resistances. Vertical resistance is specific to pathogen isolates based on single or very few genes. Race - specifi c is used to describe resistance that interacts differentially with pathogen races. Quantitative resistance is defined as resistance that varies in continuous way between the various phenotypes of the host population, from almost imperceptible to quite str ong. With the need to accelerate the development of improved varieties, genomics - assisted breeding is becoming an important tool in breeding programs. With marker - assisted selection, there has been success in breeding for disease resistance. Generally, bre eding programs have successfully implemented molecular markers to assist in the development of cultivars with stem, leaf and stripe rust resistance genes. When new rust resistance genes are to be deployed in wheat breeding programs, it unfortunately takes several years before the new sources of resistance will become available in commercial wheat cultivars. This is due to the long process involved in the establishment of pure breeding wheat lines. Biotechnology based techniques are available to accelerate t he breeding process via doubled haploid production.","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88373603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection among HIV Patients in Khartoum State","authors":"M. Mo","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000145","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the opportunistic infections associated with significantly high morbidity and mortality among patients living with immunodeficiency syndrome. CMV has been reported to enhance HIV replication and accelerate the progre ssion of HIV infection to AIDS. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCMV among HIV patients in Khartoum State, Sudan, during the period April to July 2018. Methods: The study was carried out in Khartoum State, Sudan. A total of 9 2 HIV sero - positive cases were included. HCMV IgG and IgM antibodies were detected using Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay. Results: Among 92 HIV positive samples, 91 (99%) were found positive for HCMV - IgG while 3 samples (3.2%) were positive for HCMV - I gM. Conclusion: In Sudan, the existence of HCMV in patients with HIV infection was confirmed by using ELISA. These findings indicate that CMV is hyper-endemic in HIV seropositive patients in Khartoum, Sudan.","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"515 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77453739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionally Substituted Chemical Organic Compounds: Potential Antimicrobial Substances","authors":"Ganbarov Khudaverdi Ganbar","doi":"10.23880/OAJMB-16000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/OAJMB-16000136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86865145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of BTEX Bio - Remedial Activity by Molecular Triggering from Facultative Anaerobic Activity","authors":"Chang Hd","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000147","url":null,"abstract":"BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene) is widely reside in fuel and painting process, such as industrial metal painting. Due to their volatile character, it is easily emitted and recalcitrant in disintegration through aromatic property. These vapor inhaled and slow corruption the lipid membrane of the lungs tissue. Benzene and derivatives are thus more mutagenic and carcinogenic evaluated. The leakage of oil and spoil the soil and groundwater which arouse publi c concern about health respect. Therefore, it is crucial to develop high - efficiency of pollutant transformation, with aims to instant treatment of their toxicity or start remediation process. This study had screened several active isolates from bio - fixed b iofilms consortia were carried. The investigation concerns the supplement of electronic molecules for the remediation effect of BTEX were tried and the cultivation status of facultative anaerobic state were addressed. In highlight of finding with high acti vity consortium was enriched from humic acid eluted from compost of kitchen waste, add additional 400 mg/L BTEX compound over almost one year. Active isolate were compared by using different carbon source as electron donors with 31.2 μM substrate concentra tion. After the basal carbon source as humic acid and molasses was extra added and compared, remedial activity of the strain with 3 - 3> 3 - 1> 2 - 6 were compared. As a second level analysis, the remedial effects shown: methanol>glucose>indole acetic acid>indol e, indicated that the electromotive force might influenced by the grafting carbon chain, the length of carbon grafting, the influence of reducer as ferrous ions in medium, also the free benzoic compound interacted, dynamic directing the direction of electr on flux from humic acid or molasses, overall, humic acid, generally less conversion, believed only support electron mediation in other reaction. While molasses, macromolecular and exhibits a reducing power with glucose and methanol. However, it causes inva lid electronic flux into aromatic conversion but competitively switch to oxidative respiration. Resulted an invalid co - metabolism. The significant of remedial effect by grafting aromatics and soluble humic acid were demonstrated in this report.","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83078063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siderophore Producer Pantoea Brenneri AS3 as a Fungicidal Agent","authors":"Itkina Dl","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000153","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of the planet’s population and the depletion of mineral resources, the increase in crop yields, the search for environmentally friendly technologies, the use of enzymes and siderophores of bacterial origin, or the use of bacterial strains t hat promote plant growth (PGP ) are becoming more urgent. Was found in a strain of bacteria Pantoea brenneri AS3 produced of siderophore (82.05 μM) accounted for 28 hour culture. The strain Pantoea brenneri AS3 demonstrate antagonistic activity against all studied phytopathogenic fungi. Antagonistic activity was measured on the basis of growth inhibition of micromycetes colony compared to the control plates. The highest antagonistic activities of both strains were observed against F. solani (87%).","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72709026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Proteomic Responses and Anticancer Activities of an Isolated Strain of Cordyceps sinensis Under Different Nutritional Fermentation Conditions","authors":"Ting-feng Wu","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79164609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Data of Bioresonant Impact on the Growth and Morphology of Candida guillermondi after Storage in Culture Collection","authors":"G. K.","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000146","url":null,"abstract":"Bioresonant effect is the correction of body functions when exposed to electromagnetic fields strictly defined parameters. Impact is possible both on the cellular and at the level of the whole organism. The basic idea of using bioresonance is that with the proper selection of electromagnetic radiation, normal and weakening pathological changes in the body can be enhanced. The purpose of this work is to study the shape, size and growth of the yest culture stored in the collection after bioresonant impact. Th e culture of the yeast Candida guillermondi BDU - 217, stored in the culture collection of the Department of Microbiology, Baku State University, was taken as an object for one year on the wort agar medium at a temperature of 4 - 6  C. After influence of electr omagnetic fields to the cells, stored for one year, appeared colonies with signs of the initial culture. Moreover, with direct biorezonant impact the size of some colonies became much larger than the initial. And with impact simultaneous direct and inverse electromagnetic radiation, it gave results similar to both the initial and stored for one year culture. It has been shown that, regardless of the form of bioresonant impact (direct or inverted), the shape and size of the cells of the yeast culture can be restored and even modified, i.e. from ovoid to rod - shaped. These preliminary data provide prerequisites for the recognition of a new scientific approach in restoring the changed properties of microorganisms using bioenergy information transfer. Experiments according to research are continued.","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84922663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasmosis Sero- Prevalence among Aborted Women by Different Techniques in Atbara Area- River Nile State, Sudan","authors":"A. Alla","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86053891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Tuberculosis in University Biotechnology Students","authors":"M. Qadir","doi":"10.23880/oajmb-16000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85003108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Group A Rotavirus by Multiplex Semi-Nested RT-PCR in Sewage Water and Sludge","authors":"Mohamed Shaheen","doi":"10.23880/OAJMB-16000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/OAJMB-16000141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19559,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88271052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}