Oncology Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Precision Oncology in Northern Germany: Integrating Multi-Omics and Artificial Intelligence to Support Evidence-Based Molecular Tumor Boards.","authors":"Jan Vorwerk, Lisa Leypoldt, Johanna Schwandt, Jakob Kohler, Subbaiah Chary Nimmagadda, Helal Ahmed, Pradeep Kumar Patnana, Helene Hönemann, Theresa Helbing, Sabrina Feierabend, Eva Dazert, Lorenz Oelschläger, Thomas Beder, Lorenz Bastian, Felix Sommer, Henrike Zech, Malte Kriegs, Alice Dauth, Deepak Ailani, Corinna Albers-Leischner, Maximilian Christopeit, Steffen Heckl, Hauke Busch, Sarah Habig, Frank Ückert, Stephanie M J Fliedner, Niklas Gebauer, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Cyrus Khandanpour, Karin Huber","doi":"10.1159/000553462","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The expanding availability of multi-omics profiling and advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are changing precision oncology. Molecular testing strategies such as longitudinal liquid biopsy assessment, germline variant analysis, and the evaluation of tumor-infiltrating clonal hematopoiesis are gaining attention, given their potential to inform treatment decisions from surveillance through therapy selection.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In 2025, during a NORD (Northern Oncology, Research and Development) workshop on \"Precision Oncology,\" stakeholders from three Northern German University hospitals exchanged insights on the impact of tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment, approaches for multi-layer data integration, and strategies to accelerate translation using innovative clinical trial designs. Building on this discussion, participants evaluated how the integration of multi-omics data, AI, and ML into Molecular Tumor Board (MTB) workflows could enhance decision-making, as well as the challenges associated with implementing these tools in routine clinical care. The workshop thereby not only identified key opportunities and obstacles but also formulated recommendations on how these tools can be stepwise integrated into existing workflows to generate the evidence required for their implementation in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review connects expert perspectives with targeted literature to outline how these emerging methods advance precision oncology. It further identifies the technical, structural, and clinical requirements for their implementation in clinical use, and highlights how they can improve the quality, speed and accessibility of MTB recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"445-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148472056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TACE Combined with Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Nivolumab for Inhibiting Tumor Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Sujing Zhang, Zheng Zheng, Changwang Zhang, Xueqian Liu, Xinlei Shi, Wenhua Ma","doi":"10.1159/000549516","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab administered via hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 140 patients diagnosed with HCC at our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were analyzed. They were randomly divided into a study group (n=70), receiving TACE combined with HAI of nivolumab, and a control group (n=70), receiving TACE alone. The efficacy and adverse reactions of both groups were compared. Levels of angiogenesis factors (VEGF, VEGFR-2, Ang-2) and tumor markers (CEA, AFP, CA19-9) were measured one day before and one month after treatment, followed by patient follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (64.3% vs. 42.9%, P=0.006 and 91.4% vs. 70.0%, P=0.001, respectively). One day before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of VEGF, VEGFR-2, and Ang-2 between the two groups (P > 0.05). One month after treatment, the study group showed significantly lower levels of VEGF, VEGFR-2, and Ang-2 compared to the control group (all P < 0.001). Similarly, there was no significant difference in CEA, AFP, and CA19-9 levels before treatment (P > 0.05), but one month after treatment, the study group had significantly lower levels of these markers (P < 0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). All 140 patients were followed up for a median of 13.87 months. The median overall survival was 15.4 months in the study group versus 13.4 months in the control group (P < 0.05), and median progression-free survival was 9.5 months versus 9.0 months, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TACE combined with hepatic arterial infusion of nivolumab can effectively inhibit tumor angiogenesis in HCC, improve clinical outcomes, and maintain a high safety profile, representing a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with unresectable HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000548963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548963","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145489438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy Sensitivity and Survival Prognosis.","authors":"Han Huang, Jianguang Ma, Hekai Cui, Tiantian Liang, Qingqing Ma","doi":"10.1159/000543409","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Radiotherapy resistance leads to treatment failure and disease progression in patients with cervical cancer. This study aims to elucidate the molecular underpinnings of radiotherapy response in cervical cancer by identifying radiotherapy sensitivity genes (RSGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized two GEO expression profiling datasets (GSE3578 and GSE6213) comprising cervical cancer biopsy samples taken before and during radiotherapy to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the RankProd meta-analysis approach. Subsequent analysis was conducted using data from the TCGA-CESE project to further determine the RSGs and investigate their associations with survival prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and drug sensitivities. The differential expressions of the candidate RSGs were validated in an independent set of cervical cancer patients by qPCRs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 518 DEGs were identified, with 305 genes upregulated and 213 genes down-regulated during radiotherapy. Six key RSGs were identified as significantly associated with radiotherapy response. Cox regression analysis revealed that upregulations of IL1RAP and GPR15 were associated with an increased risk of poor survival prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of these genes in critical biological processes such as cytokine signaling and immune regulation. Correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between RSG expressions and M2 macrophage and γδT cell abundances in tumor microenvironment, as well as drug sensitivities. The expression of IL1RAP was significantly higher in the complete response group, supporting the bioinformatic finding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings on RSGs could potentially serve as potential biomarkers for predicting radiotherapy response and as therapeutic targets to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Before-and-after Studies in Oncology: How Real Is the Real-World Evidence?","authors":"Vadim Lesan, Cristian Munteanu","doi":"10.1159/000543391","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"220-223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis and Therapy of Ovarian Cancer, Part 1: Patient Selection and Surgical Management in Advanced Ovarian Cancer - What Tools Do We Have to Make the Right Decision?","authors":"Alaa El Housheimi, Sara Tato Varela, Walther C Kuhn, Walther Kuhn","doi":"10.1159/000545818","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer is the gynecological cancer with the worst overall survival worldwide. Around 70% of patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage. Since low residual tumor after surgery has been repeatedly observed to deeply affect survival, achieving complete resection of tumor with no macroscopic residual disease through primary debulking surgery (PDS) has become the standard of care in advanced ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The concept of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) was introduced in order to improve resectability in patients who otherwise, due to advanced age, poor performance status, or extensive tumor burden, cannot be optimally operated. Patient-related factors like age, performance status, comorbidities, and nutritional status can all affect the survival and are all key factors in the selection process. Accurately assessing tumor extension and therefore allocating a patient to the NACT/IDS strategy is of great importance and can be achieved either through imaging (CT scan, ultrasound, MRI, PET scan) or laparoscopy using different validated laparoscopic scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>There is sizable randomized evidence to support the NACT/IDS as an acceptable strategy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, in whom a PDS is not possible or would have a suboptimal outcome. Patient- and tumor-related factors play a key role in allocating the right management plan to the right patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"524-531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic Oncology Highlights from the European Society for Medical Oncology Annual Meeting 2024: Non-Targeted therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer and Thymic Epithelial Tumors.","authors":"Marie-Elisabeth Leßmann, Christine Sibbert, Lea Reitnauer, Sophie Heinzen, Maximilian Webendörfer, Tobias Raphael Overbeck, Frank Griesinger, Annalen Bleckmann, Marcel Wiesweg, Amanda Tufman, Michael Thomas, Cornelia Kropf-Sanchen, Cornelia Kropf-Sanchen","doi":"10.1159/000545493","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional Immunotherapy to Standard of Care for Unresectable Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Wanfang Zhang, Shaojie Li, Ni Zhang, Linlin Bu, Qiuji Wu","doi":"10.1159/000546407","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The role of immunotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA HNSCC) remains uncertain, particularly in cases of unresectable LA HNSCC. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with unresectable LA HNSCC through a systematic review of the existing literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis followed a registered protocol on the INPLASY platform with the registration number INPLASY202510102. We systematically collected studies that compared the combination of immunotherapy and standard of care (SOC) with SOC alone for patients with unresectable LA HNSCC. Review Manager, Stata, and R software were employed to conduct single-group rate meta-analysis, pairwise meta-analysis, and Bayesian network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A meta-analysis of fifteen eligible studies involving 3,055 patients revealed no significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) with the addition of immunotherapy. Specifically, in patients with human papilloma-positive (HPV+) LA HNSCC, the combination of pembrolizumab and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) resulted in 2-year PFS and OS rates of 93% and 97%, respectively. In contrast, LA HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy followed by sequential pembrolizumab exhibited 2-year PFS and OS rates of 89% and 94%, respectively. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the combination of pembrolizumab and CCRT achieved a higher 2-year PFS rate compared to the combination of avelumab and CCRT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the addition of immunotherapy to SOC regimens did not result in a survival benefit, patients with HPV+ unresectable LA HNSCC may potentially derive benefit from immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"740-752"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albert Schweitzer, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, and War.","authors":"Enrico Schalk","doi":"10.1159/000546408","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"753-755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Communication Skills Training at Oncology Centers in Germany: Results of a Mixed-Methods Survey.","authors":"Christian Albus, Esther-Rosa Vens-Cappell, Corinna Bergelt, Elisabeth Jentschke, Friederike Mumm, Andrea Petermann-Meyer, Frank Vitinius, Alexander Wünsch, Christian Albus","doi":"10.1159/000545729","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The concept of oncological communication skills training (CST) has already proven to be effective and has been incorporated into the relevant guidelines. The current status of CSTs in Germany is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We approached all oncology centers in Germany certified by Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) and investigated quantitative and qualitative aspects of CST programs in a mixed-methods approach using questionnaires and interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only a quarter (23.7%, n = 18/76) of the responding centers demonstrated a regular CST. These CSTs were partially congruent with the consensus recommendations while deviating significantly in other areas, such as duration, scope, and course content. We asked centers that do not offer CST or do not offer fully satisfactory CST (respondents n = 60) for factors that hinder successful implementation, which were identified as, e.g., scarce time and personnel resources (92%), no counterpart funding (27%), lack of appreciation (25%) and knowledge about the concept (3%), organizational obstacles (22%), and low prioritization (12%). Steps that could facilitate nationwide implementation were found, such as support for implementation through concrete instructions (27%), mandatory participation (20%), an active management level in the question of responsibility (17%), inclusion in the certification criteria for oncology centers (12%), and an integration into the Weiterbildungsordnung (WBO, specialist training guideline) (10%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although previous studies have shown that CSTs have positive effects, sufficient implementation has not yet been achieved across the board in Germany. Individual starting points have been identified; further efforts are needed to advance this goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"601-613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}