Oncology Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"The risk of radiotherapy toxicity in patients with laryngeal cancer: predictive factors and radiobiological modelling.","authors":"Tomas Korinek, Zdenka Pechacova, Radka Lohynska, Irena Koniarova","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ort/aecag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The assessment of post-radiation toxicity and quality of life is a crucial aspect of patient care. To evaluate and predict post-irradiation toxicity in a cohort of patients with laryngeal cancer, radiobiological modelling, biological and medical indicators, dose-volume variables, and radiomics were used.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For the comprehensive evaluation, biological and medical factors, treatment plan doses, and radiomic features from pre-treatment CT images were analyzed using the PyRadiomics Python library. The Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and Niemierko general equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) formalisms were applied for modelling and parameter estimation. The chi-square test assessed significance between categorical variables, while one-way ANOVA and the Spearman correlation were applied for continuous variables. All analyses were conducted using a custom Python 3.8 script.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant indicators impacting post-irradiation toxicity were identified. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) comorbidity score, pre-treatment body weight loss, and weight loss during therapy were consistently associated with acute hematological, skin, and gastrointestinal toxicities. For late outcomes, pre-treatment weight loss, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and first symptoms emerged as significantly associated with overall and salivary gland toxicity. In addition, dose-volume parameters of the buccal mucosa, pharyngeal constrictor, and tongue correlated with acute mucositis, dysphagia, and xerostomia. Radiomic analysis revealed that larger and flatter target volumes were linked to increased toxicities, with PTV (Planning Target Volume) size strongly associated with hematological effects. The LKB model further identified parameters characterising the dose-response relationship for xerostomia, dysphagia, acute gastrointestinal toxicity, and overall acute toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified significant factors influencing post-treatment health status and established LKB model parameters associated with radiation-induced complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-Dependent Intracranial Response to Sotorasib in KRAS^G12C-Mutated Lung Cancer Brain Metastases: A Case Report.","authors":"Niklas Hoersting, Joerg Hense, Martin Schuler, Nika Guberina, Maja Guberina, Marcel Opitz, Marcel Wiesweg","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag005","DOIUrl":"10.1159/ort/aecag005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>KRASG12C inhibitors such as sotorasib have expanded precision-oncology options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, central nervous system (CNS) disease control remains a major clinical challenge.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a female patient with extensively pretreated KRASG12C-mutated lung adenocarcinoma and metachronous progressive brain metastases. Initially, peripheral and cerebral lesions responded to once daily sotorasib 960 mg (standard dose). Following cerebral progression, tolerance-adapted escalation to 1,920 mg achieved renewed intracranial disease control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this case illustrates that tolerance-adapted dose escalation may offer a meaningful therapeutic option for selected patients experiencing CNS progression under standard dosing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Precision Cardio-Oncology: Integrating Biomarkers and Cardiac Imaging for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients With Cancer.","authors":"Annabelle Sabouret, Domenico Mario Giamundo, Mamas Mamas, Elad Asher, Giuseppe Ando Apos, Dan Atar, Pierre Sabouret","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ort/aecag009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease and cancer frequently coexist, and cardiovascular toxicity can limit the delivery of effective anticancer therapy and influence long-term outcomes. Conventional cardiovascular risk scores were not designed for oncology populations and do not fully capture treatment-related risk. This narrative review examines how clinical assessment, circulating biomarkers, and multimodality imaging can be combined to refine cardiovascular risk stratification before, during, and after cancer treatment. High-sensitivity cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides provide complementary information on myocardial injury and hemodynamic stress, whereas echocardiography with global longitudinal strain enables detection of subclinical dysfunction before a fall in left ventricular ejection fraction. Cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac computed tomography, and selected nuclear imaging techniques provide additional tissue, coronary, vascular, and inflammatory characterization when clinically indicated. Recent validation studies support treatment-specific risk assessment, but important limitations remain, including variable biomarker thresholds, incomplete external validation of risk models, inter-vendor variability in strain measurements, and limited randomized evidence that surveillance strategies improve hard clinical outcomes. A practical precision cardio-oncology approach should therefore integrate baseline risk, treatment exposure, serial biomarker trends, and appropriately selected imaging rather than rely on a single test.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive quality of life assessment in advanced renal cell carcinoma: Final results of the PRO Kidney study.","authors":"Tilman Kirste, Michael Scheffler, Ralf Eckert, Henning Pelz, Lothar Müller, Oswald Burkhard, Jaqueline Rauh, Thorsten Werner, Harald-Robert Bruch, Klaus-Ulrich Däßler, Harald Junius, Arnd Nusch, Nicole Hamm, Marco Chiabudini, Karin Potthoff","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ort/aecag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), particularly health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and treatment-related side effects, are crucial for guiding treatment in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report longitudinal PRO data prospectively collected in a real-world aRCC setting during the targeted therapy era.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with aRCC were enrolled in the prospective, observational, multicenter PRO Kidney cohort study (NCT02537743) from 2015-2018. PROs were assessed tablet-based from baseline up to 24 months using validated instruments (NCCN FACT FKSI 19, FACIT Fatigue), and custom questions on RCC-/treatment-specific symptoms (IOAE) and daily life impact (IODAYA). Descriptive statistics were used, except for time-to-deterioration (TTD) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 98 patients signing informed consent, 90 with at least one completed PRO questionnaire were included in the full analysis set; 80 with baseline questionnaires were analyzed for HRQoL. Median age was 68 years; 78.9% (n=71) presented with clear-cell histology and 44.4% (n=40) were at intermediate MSKCC risk. The most frequently used first-line treatments were pazopanib (56.7%; n=51) and sunitinib (23.3%; n=21). Clinically relevant deterioration in HRQoL was observed in 52.5% (n=42) of patients within six months (median TTD 5.1 months, 95%CI 2.9-7.0). Treatment was associated with fatigue, nausea, diarrhea and altered taste, independent of treatment regimen. Most patients reported being content with their HRQoL and were able to continue with their day-to-day activities.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite treatment-related side effects and HRQoL deterioration in some patients, most maintained daily functioning and reported acceptable overall HRQoL, suggesting that tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy may remain a valuable option, particularly for those with contraindications to immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy with Pembrolizumab beyond Progression and Local Ablative Therapy in Oligoprogressive metastatic NSCLC.","authors":"Anton Oseledchyk, Leopold Haecker, Andreas Michael Schmitt, Till Wallrabenstein, Tobias Finazzi, David König, Sacha I Rothschild","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ort/aecag008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-(L)1 are standard first-line treatment for non-oncoge-addicted metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). While disease progression typically requires therapy change, patients with oligoprogression (≤5 progressing sites) often continue ICI in combination with local ablative therapies. In this retrospective study, we aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of this treatment approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed mNSCLC patients receiving first-line ICI-based therapy at University Hospital Basel (January 2016-March 2022). Patients with documented disease progression were categorized into: treatment beyond progression (BPD), second-line treatment (2L), or best supportive care (BSC). We compared patient characteristics and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 104 patients receiving first-line ICI treatment, 65 experienced disease progression: 21 (32%) received BPD, 30 (46%) received 2L, and 14 (22%) received BSC. Patient and disease characteristics were similar across groups, except for higher brain metastasis frequency in the BPD group (BPD: 67% vs 2L: 20% vs BSC: 29%; p=0.002). After median follow-up of 17.9 months, time to first progression (5.4 vs 5.3 months, p=0.5) and median OS after progression (9.1 vs 10.9 months, p=0.35) were similar between BPD and 2L groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this retrospective analysis, treatment BPD was not associated with an improved prognosis compared to 2L therapy. There is a need to improve and implement criteria to select patients who truly benefit from this treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of active self-administered and receptive monochord-based sound interventions on cardiovascular parameters and patient-reported symptoms in cancer patients: an exploratory randomized crossover pilot trial.","authors":"Anna Lena Hohneck, Valentin Kolar, Melissa Troia, Simone Weingaertner, Kirsten Merx, Felicitas Sarodnick, Christine Gaebel, Athanasios Mavratzas, Iris Burkholder, Gerhard Schumacher, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ort/aecag006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim This exploratory, randomized two-period crossover pilot trial evaluated the acute effects of an active (self-administered) body monochord intervention versus a receptive monochord sound-based intervention on cardiovascular parameters and patient-reported symptoms in adults with cancer. Methods Fifty adults with histologically confirmed malignant disease underwent both a 15-minute active intervention and a 15-minute receptive sound-based intervention using a body monochord in randomized order, separated by a washout period of at least one week. During the active condition, participants played the body monochord while receiving prerecorded instructions via headphones. During the receptive condition, participants listened via headphones to prerecorded explanations and monochord sounds. Before and after each session, cardiovascular parameters were measured using VascAssist2.0 and patient-reported symptoms were assessed using visual analogue scales. Results Fifty patients (18 male, 32 female) with a median age of 60 years (range 29-79) completed both sessions and were included in the analysis. Both interventions reduced heart rate (both p < 0.001), with a greater median reduction after receptive intervention (-4 bpm) than after active intervention (-2 bpm; between-condition comparison p = 0.01). Vascular resistance decreased in both conditions but reached statistical significance only in the receptive condition. Aortic pulse wave velocity decreased after both interventions (active: -0.4 m/s, p = 0.002; receptive: -0.5 m/s, p < 0.001), whereas blood pressure remained largely unchanged. Both interventions improved emotional well-being and reduced anger, anxiety, sadness, emotional stress, and fatigue. Pain was reduced only after receptive intervention (p = 0.04). Conclusion Both active and receptive monochord-based sound interventions were associated with acute improvements in cardiovascular parameters and patient-reported symptoms in cancer patients. Receptive intervention showed a trend toward greater hemodynamic and analgesic benefit. Because the study was exploratory, open-label at the level of participants and interventionists, and lacked a no-sound control condition, these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Proportion of Transplant-Eligible Patients in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Insights from German Hospital Billing Data.","authors":"Ann-Cathrine Froitzheim, Melina Sophie Kurte, Tabea Poos, Udo Holtick, Florian Kron","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag003","DOIUrl":"10.1159/ort/aecag003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment, according to guidelines, for second-line and beyond (2L+) therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) differentiates between transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible patients. Transplant-eligible patients typically receive salvage immunochemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HD-ASCT) or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Although literature suggests a 50-50 distribution between transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible patients, real-world evidence from Germany is lacking. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible patients using intended-for-HD-ASCT national inpatient billing data to evaluate the validity of the commonly assumed distribution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inpatient billing data from all German hospitals in 2024, provided by the Institute for the Hospital Remuneration System (InEK), were analyzed. Cases with the main diagnosis \"C83.3\" (DLBCL) defined the base population. Applying guideline-based first-line cure rates (60% [minimum]-70% [maximum]), the 2L population size was estimated. Transplant-eligible cases were identified via operation and procedure score codes for salvage immunochemotherapies (R-ICE, R-DHAP, R-GDP). The transplant-eligible proportion was calculated by dividing the number of transplant-eligible cases by the estimated 2L population. Sensitivity analyses were performed using data from 2022 to 2023, validating the 2L relapse/refractoriness rate assumption against German real-world claims data, and assessing potential impact of polatuzumab vedotin-related coding bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The base population included 32,851 DLBCL cases. Based on cure rate assumptions, the estimated 2L population size ranged from 9,855 (minimum) to 13,140 (maximum). A total of 7,523 cases were identified to have received salvage immunochemotherapy based on coding criteria. This corresponds to a transplant-eligible proportion of patients intended for HD-ASCT of 57% (minimum) and 76% (maximum). Sensitivity analyses yielded a transplant-eligible proportion range of 40-54% (2022) and 52-69% (2023), 52% when applying the relapse/refractoriness rate from German real-world claims data, and 34-46% when excluding polatuzumab vedotin-related cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis introduces a method for approximating the distribution of transplant eligibility among DLBCL patients intended for HD-ASCT in the 2L setting using real-world inpatient billing data. The results question the widely assumed balance between transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible groups, indicating a possible tendency toward a slightly higher proportion of transplant-eligible cases which may be clinically eligible for HD-ASCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Introduction of Hypomethylation Agents and Venetoclax into Standard Care for Older Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Real-World Analysis of Feasibility, Safety, and Effectiveness from an Outpatient Hematology Center.","authors":"H Tilman Steinmetz, Jan Phillip Weber","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag004","DOIUrl":"10.1159/ort/aecag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The combination of venetoclax (VEN) and a hypomethylation agent (HMA) was introduced for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it achieved significantly better results compared to HMA monotherapy (HMA-mono). Since introducing a new method into standard care is always a challenge, the goal of this retrospective analysis was to examine AML treatment before and after the approval of HMA-VEN at an office-based center for hematology and oncology (MVZ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All newly diagnosed AML patients between January 2017 and April 2025 were fully documented and analyzed in an Excel database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 65 patients were included; of these, 22 (mean age 59.6 years (y) (SD 15.35)), were admitted to the university hospital. Of the remaining 43 patients (mean age 79.4 y (SD 5.86)), 1 was treated with cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C), 7 with best supportive care (BSC), 15 with HMA-mono, and 20 with the HMA-VEN. The mean overall survival (OS) of the BSC, HMA-mono, and HMA-VEN was 19.6 (SD 15.04), 25.9 (SD 28.87), and 51.7 (SD 49.09) weeks, respectively. In the HMA-VEN cohort there was no tumor lysis syndrome, 11 (55%) patients had an infection, and fourteen (70%) required hospitalization during the first two treatment cycles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HMA-VEN has been successfully integrated into standard care, which is primarily provided on an outpatient basis, and exhibits a safety and toxicity profile comparable to that of inpatient treatment. HMA-VEN is well tolerated subjectively in the subgroup of older patients and, in a historical comparison with the previous standard therapy, HMA-mono, or BSC, results in significantly longer overall survival without leading to an increase in complications or premature deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of the German Version of the FCR-1r Questionnaire in Patients with Urologic Cancer.","authors":"Can Dümdüz, Sebastian Sage, Sofia Kugler, Günter Niegisch, Christian Schulz-Quach, Ralf Schäfer, André Karger, Ulrike Dinger, Dominik Fugmann","doi":"10.1159/ort/aecag002","DOIUrl":"10.1159/ort/aecag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a prevalent and distressing issue for a significant proportion of cancer patients across various disciplines, yet it remains one of the most frequently unaddressed psychosocial needs. A key barrier to identifying affected individuals is the lack of brief screening tools suitable for clinical settings. The objective of this research is to validate the one-item FCR screening tool (revised Fear of Cancer Recurrence-1 [FCR-1r]) in a German cohort of urologic cancer patients. Validating such an ultra-brief measure may help address this clinically relevant gap and serve as a viable, clinically applicable alternative to lengthy questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Statistical analyses were conducted using R software. Criterion validity was assessed against the Concerns About Recurrence Questionnaire-4 (CARQ-4). Convergent validity was tested against the Fear of Progression Questionnaire - Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Discriminant validity was tested against the Health Literacy Survey-European-Questionnaire 16 (HLS-EU-Q16). Validity was assessed using chi-square tests with phi coefficients, accuracy measures, negative and positive predictive values, sensitivity, specificity and odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis sample consisted of 236 participants with complete data on all study measures. The FCR-1r demonstrated excellent criterion validity with respect to the CARQ-4 (χ2[1] = 101.97, p < 0.001, φ = 0.66), with an overall accuracy of 84% (95% CI: 79-89%). Sensitivity was 84%, and specificity was 85%. The analysis of convergent validity revealed a moderate association with both the FoP-Q-SF (χ2[1] = 20.25, p < 0.001, φ = 0.29; accuracy 62% [95% CI: 56-68%]) and the GAD-7 (χ2[1] = 11.82, p < 0.001, φ = 0.22; accuracy 64% [95% CI: 58-70%]). The analysis of discriminant validity showed no significant association between the FCR-1r and health literacy (HLS-EU-Q16): χ2(1) = 3.44, p = 0.064, φ = 0.12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The German version of the FCR-1r demonstrates good psychometric properties, confirming its validity as a tool for assessing FCR in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Prophylactic Tocilizumab in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Receiving Bispecific Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Angeline Tancherla, Fernando Dharmaraja, Andree Kurniawan","doi":"10.1159/000553500","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) remains a major toxicity associated with bispecific antibody (BsAb) therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Prophylactic IL-6 receptor blockade with tocilizumab has emerged as a potential strategy to mitigate CRS; however, its efficacy and safety have not been systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases were searched for studies evaluating prophylactic tocilizumab in patients with RRMM receiving BsAb therapy. Comparative and single-arm studies were included. The primary outcome was CRS incidence. Secondary outcomes included CRS severity, adverse events, hospitalization, and antimyeloma efficacy. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using random-effects models due to heterogeneity across studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies encompassing 704 patients were included, comprising 5 cohorts and 3 single-arm trials. Meta-analysis of 3 comparative studies demonstrated that prophylactic tocilizumab is associated with lower all-grade CRS incidence (RR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16-0.53; p < 0.0001), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 59%). A pooled analysis of two studies evaluating grade ≥2 CRS showed a numerically lower risk with prophylaxis, although this did not reach statistical significance (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.02-2.57; p = 0.23). CRS events were predominantly low grade, short-lived, and occurred during step-up dosing. ICANS was uncommon, and infection and hematologic toxicity rates were comparable between groups. No signal of reduced overall response rate was observed (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.91-1.62; p = 0.19).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prophylactic tocilizumab is associated with lower CRS incidence without compromising efficacy in RRMM patients receiving BsAb therapy. Prospective randomized studies are warranted to confirm these findings and refine prophylactic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}