Oncology Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"CONKO-011/AIO-SUP-0115/ass.: Rivaroxaban compared to Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Cancer Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolism.","authors":"Marianne Sinn, Anja Lohneis, Omar Mohamed, Christoph Roderburg, Matthias Hellmann, Thomas Südhoff, Daniel C Christoph, Anett Krziwanie, Jürgen Heinz, Sabine Semrau, Anke Schlenska-Lange, Thomas J Ettrich, Ralf Ulrich Trappe, Jana Kaethe Striefler, Uwe Pelzer, Klaus-Dieter Wernecke, Hanno Riess","doi":"10.1159/000545976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (CAT) is a frequent and medical relevant problem. Guidelines recommend treatment with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) or direct oral factor-Xa-inhibitors as rivaroxaban for > 3 months. Patient's preference and convenience is an important factor to guide treatment decision and to support treatment adherence. No data are available so far about patient-reported outcome in CAT. Methods CONKO-011 was an open-label, prospective, multicenter German phase III trial for cancer patients with newly diagnosed venous thromboembolism (VTE) randomized to rivaroxaban (Riva) or site-specific LMWH. Primary endpoint was patient-reported treatment satisfaction, measured by the Anti-Clot Treatment Scale (ACTS). The 12-item ACTS Burdens scale (primary endpoint after 4 weeks) and the 3-item ACTS Benefits scale were analyzed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints included recurrent VTE, major/ clinically relevant bleeding, safety, compliance, overall mortality at 3 and 6 months, Quality of life (QOL) measured by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication II (TSQM II) and Spitzer Index. Results Between 03/2016 and 06/2019, 247 (123 Riva/124 LMWH) patients were randomized. Mean ACTS Burdens scores after 4 weeks were 52.8 versus 51.2 in favor of rivaroxaban (p = 0.019) with mean score differences ranging from 3.3 (week 8; p = 0.001) to 2.4 (week 12; p = 0.006). The treatment effect of ACTS burden was consistent over treatment time (p < 0.001). More patients on LMWH requested to stop study treatment preterm (19.4% versus 11.1%). Conclusion Oral treatment with rivaroxaban led to an improvement in patient-reported treatment satisfaction, particularly in reducing anticoagulation-related burden, resulting in less patient-requested treatment stops.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional immunotherapy to standard of care for unresectable locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Wanfang Zhang, Shaojie Li, Ni Zhang, Linlin Bu, Qiuji Wu","doi":"10.1159/000546407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background The role of immunotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA HNSCC) remains uncertain, particularly in cases of unresectable LA HNSCC. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with unresectable LA HNSCC through a systematic review of the existing literature. Methods This meta-analysis followed a registered protocol on the INPLASY platform with the registration number INPLASY202510102. We systematically collected studies that compared the combination of immunotherapy and standard of care (SOC) with SOC alone for patients with unresectable LA HNSCC. Review Manager, Stata, and R software were employed to conduct single-group rate meta-analysis, pairwise meta-analysis, and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Results A meta-analysis of fifteen eligible studies involving 3,055 patients revealed no significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) with the addition of immunotherapy. Specifically, in patients with human papilloma-positive (HPV+) LA HNSCC, the combination of pembrolizumab and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) resulted in 2-year PFS and OS rates of 93% and 97%, respectively. In contrast, LA HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy followed by sequential pembrolizumab exhibited 2-year PFS and OS rates of 89% and 94%, respectively. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the combination of pembrolizumab and CCRT achieved a higher 2-year PFS rate compared to the combination of avelumab and CCRT. Conclusion Although the addition of immunotherapy to SOC regimens did not result in a survival benefit, patients with HPV+ unresectable LA HNSCC may potentially derive benefit from immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of combining transarterial chemoembolization with tyrosine kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Qingteng Zeng, Renjie Zhang, Xuan Zheng, Xiaobing Li, Qinghua He, Ruikun Zhang, Shenfeng Wu, Boqian Chen","doi":"10.1159/000546337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Standard treatments for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), offer limited efficacy, necessitating the exploration of additional therapeutic strategies. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown potential to enhance HCC outcomes when combined with TACE. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of TACE, TKIs and ICIs (TACE+T+I) combination compared to TACE with TKIs alone (TACE+T) in patients with HCC. Methods A systematic search was performed in \"PubMed\", \"Google Scholar\", \"Cochrane Library\", \"Web of Science\", \"Scopus\", and \"Embase\" databases on November 1, 2024. Studies involving patients with HCC comparing TACE+T+I versus TACE+T were included. Efficacy outcomes including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and adverse events, were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Results Seventeen studies were included for analysis. Pooled analysis showed a markedly improvement in ORR (risk ratio (RR)=1.57, 95%CI:1.36-1.80, P<0.00001) and DCR (RR=1.13, 95%CI:1.06-1.20, P=0.0004) for TACE+T+I regimen over TACE+T. TACE+T+I group also showed a marked benefit in OS (hazard ratio (HR)=0.37, 95%CI:0.29-0.48, P<0.0001) and PFS (HR=0.44, 95%CI:0.36-0.53, P<0.0001). No differences in adverse events were detected between the two groups, indicating comparable tolerability. Conclusions The findings suggest that the addition of ICIs to TACE and TKI therapy offers substantial efficacy benefits without increasing toxicity for HCC patients. This combination therapy shows potential to improve DCR, ORR, PFS and OS, underscoring the value of immunotherapy in enhancing outcomes in HCC. However, further randomized trials with standardized treatment protocols are needed to confirm these results and inform clinical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real World Advances in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Treatment in the Pre-Molecular Era: A retrospective single-center analysis 2010 - 2018.","authors":"Anina Julia Ruth Mäder, Saskia Hussung, Alexander Siebenhüner, Ralph Fritsch","doi":"10.1159/000546307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546307","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite decades of extensive research, treatment options for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) patients kept limited, and prognosis remains dismal. For patients with metastatic PAC (mPAC), palliative combination chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment. Current treatment standards for mPAC have evolved from 2010 onwards with the introduction of combination chemotherapy protocols, the development of new chemotherapeutic agents, and the establishment of treatment sequences. Within our cohort, we analyzed the impact of different treatment options and sequences over time for mPAC patients in a Swiss academic center in the pre-molecular era between 2010 and 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective analysis included 97 patients who received palliative chemotherapy for mPAC between 2010 and 2018 at our institution. Outcome parameters, including median overall survival (mOS) and median progression-free survival (mPFS), were analyzed in the context of chemotherapy regimens and the number of treatment lines received. For comparative analyses, patients were separated into two groups, advancing to stage IV (metastatic) between 2010 - 2012, and between 2013 - 2018, respectively. Univariate analyses were performed via the log-rank test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;For the entire cohort, mOS and first-line mPFS were 8.2 months (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.3 - 8.6 months) and 4.8 months (95% CI 3.4 - 5.8 months), respectively. When comparing between patients advancing to stage IV (metastatic) 2010 - 2012 and 2013 - 2018, the most frequent choice of systemic first-line therapy evolved from single agent gemcitabine (GEM) towards the combination protocols FOLFIRINOX (FFX) and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (GEM/nab-PTX). Moreover, the proportion of patients receiving further-line chemotherapies increased significantly between 2010 - 2012 to 2013 - 2018 (20% vs. 49% second-line treatment; p-value (P) = 0.0035). Finally, a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) was observed for patients advancing to metastatic disease 2013 - 2018 compared to 2010 - 2012 (mOS 8.6 months vs. 6.1 months; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.10 - 3.02, P = 0.0068). The use of combination regimens (FFX or GEM/nab-PTX) instead of GEM monotherapy as first-line systemic treatment was associated with a significantly improved OS (mOS 9.0 vs. 5.1 months; HR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19 - 0.77, P = 0.0001) and first-line progression-free survival (PFS) (mPFS 5.0 vs. 4.7 months; HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.32 - 1.03, P = 0.0213).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In summary, systemic treatment of mPAC intensified during the study period with the availability of new first-line combination chemotherapy options and more lines of therapy. In parallel, patient survival improved, suggesting a causal relationship between more effective chemotherapy and improved outcome. Combination chemotherapy is standard-of-care for mPAC, while the future imp","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of surgery within 24h following colonoscopy for colorectal cancer: a retrospective propensity scores matched analysis.","authors":"Quan Lv, Li-Juan Wang, Zheng Xiang, Yin Huang","doi":"10.1159/000546234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction In clinical practice, clinicians often perform repeat colonoscopy before colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery to accurately assess tumor location, size, and the presence of other underlying lesions. No previous study has reported the safety of the interval from colonoscopy to laparoscopic CRC surgery on surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of the interval from colonoscopy to laparoscopic CRC surgery on surgical outcomes using propensity score matching (PSM). Methods The patients who underwent CRC surgery were retrospectively collected from a single clinical teaching hospital from Jan 2008 to Jan 2021. The interval from colonoscopy to laparoscopic CRC surgery was divided into the colonoscopy within 24-hours group and the colonoscopy over 24-hours group. The short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 5439 patients were included in this study. There were 529 CRC patients in the colonoscopy within 24-hours group and 4910 patients in the colonoscopy over 24-hours group before PSM. After 1:1 ratio PSM, there were 529 patients in each group and no significant difference was found in the two groups (p>0.05) in terms of baseline information. As for short-term outcomes, the colonoscopy within 24-hours group had 11.2 ± 7.1 days' postoperative hospital stay which was longer than that of 10.4 ± 6.1 days' postoperative hospital stay in the colonoscopy over 24-hours group (p<0.05), however, no significant difference was found in operation time (p=0.098), intra-operative blood loss (p=0.445), retrieved lymph nodes (p=0.409), overall complications (p=0.135) or Clavien-Dindo ≥ grade 3 complications (p=0.652) between the two groups. Conclusion Colonoscopy within 24-hours prior to laparoscopic CRC surgery is safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Advanced Penile Cancer.","authors":"Ramona Stelmach, Patrizia Giannatempo, Nicola Nicolai, Xavier Garcia Del Muro","doi":"10.1159/000546246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Penile cancer is a rare, aggressive malignancy, with incidence varying geographically. The primary risk factor is HPV infection. Squamous cell carcinoma represents the most common histological subtype, accounting for around 95% of cases. For advanced penile carcinoma, prognosis remains poor with a 5-year survival rate of 16% in stage IV disease. Treatment is largely centered on palliative systemic therapy. This review provides an overview of the evidence on palliative systemic treatment for advanced penile cancer, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, as well as emerging treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the established first-line treatment for advanced penile cancer, but its efficacy is often limited and short-lived. Immune checkpoint inhibitors showed limited but promising efficacy in penile carcinoma, with some patients experiencing durable responses, particularly those with high tumour mutational burden, HPV positivity, or high PD-L1 expression, though further research is needed to identify predictive biomarkers for optimal patient selection. HPV vaccine-based therapies targeting HPV oncoproteins, adoptive T-cell therapies and agents like binatrafusp alfa are showing potential in HPV-associated cancers, though their role in penile cancer remains uncertain. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating potentially synergistic combination therapies, such as HPV vaccines with checkpoint inhibitors or immune therapies combined with chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains the first-line treatment for advanced penile cancer, while immunotherapy and targeted therapies show promise but require further investigation. Enrolling patients in clinical trials and conducting early tumour molecular sequencing, if possible, are crucial for improving outcomes and identifying effective treatment targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis and Therapy of Ovarian Cancer, Part 2: the shifting landscape of medical treatment in ovarian cancer.","authors":"Sara Tato Varela, Alaa El Housheimi, Walther Christian Kuhn","doi":"10.1159/000546245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most common cause of death among all gynecological cancer. For early-stage disease (FIGO stages I and II), staging surgery followed by chemotherapy (CT) with Carboplatin ± Paclitaxel often results in high rates of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). However, this is not the case for advanced-stage disease (stages III and IV), where recurrence rates are significantly higher. Consequently, additional therapeutic strategies, such as maintenance treatment, are essential to improve outcomes in these patients.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) have proven the benefit of Bevacizumab, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody (anti-VEGF) as 1st line maintenance treatment. Molecular testing led to the introduction of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), with outstanding results in BRCA-mutated (BRCAmt) and homologous recombination deficient without BRCAmt (HRd) tumors, but not as ideal in HR-proficient (HRp) tumors, which make up the majority of the OC tumors, therefore, further research in this category of tumors is urgently warranted. Immunotherapy, both with chemotherapy and as maintenance failed to improve survival in advanced OC.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Combining multiple drug classes (immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-VEGF and PARPi) was able to improve survival, results in HRp tumors are however still pending. Phase 2 and 3 trials are underway to investigate more innovative treatment of OC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Genomic Landscape of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Asia and the Middle East Using Comprehensive Circulating Tumor DNA Next-Generation Sequencing.","authors":"Manabu Muto, Yu Sunakawa, Nippun Sandhir, Yi Hsin Liang, Shaheenah Dawood, Nitesh Rohatgi, Ankur Bahl, Steve Olsen","doi":"10.1159/000545560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastrointestinal malignancies account for 25% of all cancer cases and 35% of cancer-related mortality. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can elucidate the genomic landscape of gastrointestinal cancers; tissue-based genotyping has traditionally been used, but liquid biopsy-based genotyping is a non-invasive alternative. Moreover, geographical variations in the genomic landscape of gastrointestinal cancers have not been fully elucidated. This retrospective study aimed to gain insight into the genomic landscape of patients with gastrointestinal cancers from the Asia and Middle East (AME) region using plasma-derived circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From routine clinical practice, 2,601 plasma samples were collected from 2,062 patients with gastrointestinal cancers in the AME region. NGS profiling was conducted using the Guardant360® assay. The frequency of biomarkers that can aid decision-making in cancer patients was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) affected most commonly TP53 (70.4%), KRAS (44.0%), APC (25.7%), ATM (15.1%), and PIK3CA (12.3%). Copy number alterations (CNAs) were most often observed in EGFR (13.7%), CCNE1 (5.9%), PIK3CA (5.0%), MYC (4.7%), and FGFR1 (4.6%); fusions were detected in 1.6% of patients and most frequently affected FGFR2, RET, ALK, FGFR3, and NTRK1/3. In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the most frequently observed clinically informative genomic biomarkers occurred in KRAS (G12C, 1.6%; all others, 67.1%), BRCA 1/2 (4.1%), BRAF (V600X, 1.5%), and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) (1.0%). In patients with colorectal cancer, the most common clinically relevant alterations were KRAS (49.0%), BRAF (V600E, 7.6%), and NRAS (5.7%) mutations; ERBB2 amplifications (2.5%); and MSI-H (1.8%). In patients with biliary tract cancers, actionable alterations included IDH1 mutations (11.1%), ERBB2 amplifications (4.6%), FGFR2 fusions (2.0%), MSI-H (2.0%), and BRAF V600E (1.5%). In patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas, actionable alterations included ERBB2 amplifications (10.1%) and MSI-H (3.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data provide insight into the genomic landscape of patients with gastrointestinal cancers from the AME region using ctDNA analysis. These findings highlight the potential utility of liquid biopsy as a non-invasive tool for characterizing tumor genomic profiles and support its role in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights from ESMO 2024 as a young head and neck oncologist.","authors":"Mahdi Yassine, Gerald Illerhaus, Dennis Hahn","doi":"10.1159/000545872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attending the 2024 ESMO Congress as a young physician is an invaluable opportunity to establish the foundation for a successful and impactful career in oncology. This experience can be transformative for one's professional development. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2024, held in Barcelona, Spain, served as a platform for the presentation and discussion of substantial advancements across various oncology disciplines. Research presented at the congress highlighted the expanding role of immunotherapy across various cancer types, including cervical, endometrial, melanoma, and bladder cancers, underscoring its potential to enhance patient outcomes. KEYNOTE-522 Trial demonstrated that neoadjuvant pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab, significantly improved overall survival in patients with high-risk early-stage triple-negative breast cancer [1]. As a young head and neck oncologist, I found the results of the Mythos Trial particularly noteworthy. These findings underscore the potential of T-DXd in treating HER2-positive salivary gland cancers, presenting a novel approach to targeted therapy in this rare malignancy. The results may well influence future treatment guidelines and stimulate further research into HER2-targeted therapies for head and neck tumors [2]. The congress presented significant findings from the EORTC 1206-HNCG trial, focusing on salivary gland cancers (SGCs) expressing androgen receptors (ARs). The trial demonstrated that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a viable treatment option for patients with AR-expressing SGCs, offering comparable efficacy to traditional chemotherapy.These findings suggest that ADT could be considered a standard treatment approach for patients with recurrent and/ormetastatic AR-expressing salivary gland cancers, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life [3]. The EA3163 trial, which was presented at the 2024 ESMO Congress, investigated the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on organ preservation in patients with advanced sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. The study compared two treatment approaches, and the results indicated that patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a 50% chance of preserving vital structures like the eye and skull base, compared to only 15% in the standard treatment group. Notwithstanding the study's challenges in patient accrual and its failure to reach its planned enrollment, the observed data suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy may enhance organ preservation without compromising survival [4]. Attending ESMO as a young doctor was an enriching and inspiring experience. The exposure to cutting-edge research, networking opportunities, and practical insights significantly enhanced my knowledge and career trajectory. I would strongly recommend this congress to other young doctors aspiring to excel in oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained clinical response to Olaparib in a patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer and somatic ATM-Mutation R2034Ter: a case report.","authors":"Marlies Vornhülz, Marianne Angelberger, Simon Sirtl, Alexander B Philipp, Daniel Rössler, Katarina Ondrejkova, Daniel Markwardt, Kathrin Heinrich, Christoph Benedikt Westphalen, Volker Heinemann, Andreas Jung, Paul Rogowski, Maximilian Niyazi, Alexander Kleger, Julia Mayerle, Georg Beyer","doi":"10.1159/000545975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Pancreatic cancer remains a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options. The field of targeted therapies is still growing. Treatment with PARP inhibitors has been successfully described mainly in patients with germline mutation in in BRCA1/2. The efficacy of PARP inhibitors in patients with alterations in other genes in the homologous repair pathway is under discussion. Case Presentation A 77-year-old male patient with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was initially treated with 5-fluoruracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan, followed by 5-floururacil and irinotecan over the course of one year, leading to sustained partial remission. Molecular genetic analysis of the tumor revealed an inactivating R2034Ter mutation in the Ataxia telangiectasia serine/threonine kinase gene (ATM), being part of a homologous DNA damage repair pathway eventually involving BRCA1 and BRCA2. After discussion in the Molecular Tumor Board (MTB), the patient was started on off-label Olaparib maintenance therapy, under which he has shown stable disease over a period of eighteen months. After developing one new liver metastasis at 21 months on Olaparib, he received conventional therapy with Gemcitabine/Cisplatin to which he responded. Conclusion This is the first case of a R2034Ter ATM mutant PDAC with sustained clinical response under Olaparib maintenance therapy reported. In select cases, ATM, a member of the BRCA pathway, might be a druggable target in pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}