Oncology Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Navigating the Evolving Landscape of Advanced Genitourinary Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Marcus Hentrich, Stefanie Zschäbitz","doi":"10.1159/000548229","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prognostic modeling of seven signatures associated with lysosomes for predicting prognosis and immune status in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Jie Chen, Bo Chen, Mengli Zhu, Yin Huang, Shu Ning, Jinze Li, Jin Li, Zeyu Chen, Puze Wang, Biao Ran, Jiahao Yang, Qiang Wei, Jianzhong Ai, Liangren Liu, Dehong Cao","doi":"10.1159/000548124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer and is associated with poor prognosis in advanced stages. This study aims to develop a prognostic model for patients with ccRCC based on a lysosome-related gene signature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical and transcriptomic data of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) patients were downloaded from TCGA, cBioportal and GEO databases, and lysosome-related gene sets were acquired in the previous study. TCGA data was used as a training set to investigate the prognostic role of lysosomal-related genes in ccRCC, and cBioportal and GEO databases were used for validation. After the lysosome-related differentially expressed genes were found, machine learning method was used to construct a risk model, and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to evaluate the performance of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Machine learning methods were utilized to identify seven gene signatures related to lysosome, which accurately predict the prognosis of ccRCC. Patients with higher risk scores demonstrate poorer overall survival (HR: 2.467, 95%CI: 1.642-3.706, P<0.001), and significant disparities in immune infiltration, immune score, and response to anticancer drugs are observed between the high-risk group and the low-risk group (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prognostic model developed in this study demonstrates a high efficacy in accurately predicting the overall survival (OS) of ccRCC patients, thereby offering a novel perspective for the advancement of ccRCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structured magnetic resonance imaging assessment improves diagnosis of pathological complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.","authors":"Moying Li, Tobias Dieckmann, Florian Herrle, Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz, Thomas Hielscher, Alexander Hertel, Sophia Schweitzer, Svetlana Hetjens, Johannes Betge, Sebastian Belle, Nadine Schulte, Christoph Reißfelder, Judit Boda-Heggemann, Constantin Dreher, Christoph Brochhausen, Matthias P Ebert, Matthias F Froelich, Tianzuo Zhan","doi":"10.1159/000548042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precise prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in rectal cancer may identify candidates for non-operative management. The optimal selection of diagnostic tools is therefore of major clinical importance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and radiological data of patients with rectal cancer treated with nCRT and surgery at an academic medical center from 2010 to 2020 were retrospectively collected. Pre- and post-nCRT magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was reviewed with a structured report template and assessed by magnetic resonance imaging tumor regression grade (mrTRG). Two senior radiologists reviewed mrTRG independently to determine the inter-reader agreement. Univariate logistic regression was applied to identify parameters that predict pCR. A multivariate prediction model was developed using L1-penalized logistic regression, with performance assessed by area under the curve (AUC) in the total cohort (apparent AUC) and by cross validation (CV-AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 261 patients were identified, of whom 36 achieved pCR. Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between post-nCRT features with pCR, including radiological T-stage (OR 0.05 [0.02-0.15], p<0.001), mrTRG (OR 0.13 [0.05-0.31], p<0.001) and endoscopic response (OR 0.17 [0.05-0.54], p=0.032). Of those, mrTRG showed the highest AUC of 0.77 with a substantial inter-reader agreement (kappa=0.71, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.81). The multivariate predictive model selected eight pre- and post-nCRT parameters with apparent AUC of 0.84 and CV-AUC of 0.73.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therapy response assessed by MRI, particularly by mrTRG, strongly predicted pCR. Therefore, mrTRG should be implemented in routine assessment of rectal cancer treated by nCRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Cancer and Its Association with Endometriosis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Ismini Kyriacou, Dionysios Vaidakis, Constantina Constantinou","doi":"10.1159/000548022","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer is a prevalent and highly lethal gynaecological cancer. Among its various subtypes, epithelial ovarian cancer predominates, comprising ten distinct subtypes and contributing significantly to the overall burden of ovarian malignancies. Concurrently, endometriosis, characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue within the pelvis, affects a substantial number of women of reproductive age.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Notably, atypical endometriosis serves as the precursor lesion to endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, with endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancers being the most common prevalent histologic subtypes in this context. These exhibit a more favourable prognosis compared to ovarian cancers unrelated to endometriosis. The progression from endometriosis to atypical endometriosis and ultimately to ovarian cancer is influenced by multiple factors, including mutations in tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes, hyperestrogenism, ovarian inflammation resulting from cyclical bleeding of the ectopic endometrium, and oxidative stress from accumulated iron of ruptured erythrocytes. Conventional treatment for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer involves macroscopic resection of the tumour combined with chemotherapy. The emergence of targeted therapies including immunotherapy has notably improved outcomes, particularly in cases of chemotherapy-resistant tumours. Despite these advancements, management poses numerous challenges, necessitating the development of more effective treatments.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>The current review provides an overview of our current knowledge regarding the intricate relationship between ovarian cancer and endometriosis, illuminating the multifaceted aspects of their interplay and underscoring the imperative for continued research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palliative Care for the Management of Patients with Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Comprehensive Cancer Centers.","authors":"Anne Pralong, Marco Herling, Udo Holtick, Berenike Schoerger, Alinda Reimer, Sukhvir Kaur, Christof Scheid, Michael Hallek, Jithmi Weliwitage, Martin Hellmich, Raymond Voltz, Steffen T Simon","doi":"10.1159/000547899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Specialist palliative care (SPC) is rarely integrated into the management of patients with an allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, despite considerable symptom burden and mortality. We aimed to assess hematologists' and nurses' views on SPC integration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multi-center cross-sectional survey with exploratory character. We asked when to best integrate SPC, with three vignettes of patients with good (90% chance of cure/10% risk of death), \"fifty-fifty,\" or poor (10%/90%) prognosis, and assessed preferences regarding integration models and support. We calculated descriptive statistics and associations with chi2/Fisher's exact tests and non-parametric tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 80 respondents (56% females; mean age: 36.2 years, SD = 7.7; 47 physicians and 33 nurses; 42 in transplant setting, 28 in general oncology/hematology, 9 in intensive care unit, 1 unknown; mean experience: 6 years, SD = 0-25). Participants, regardless of profession, highly agreed to integrate SPC for patients with poor prognosis (Yes = 96%), but a majority would not do so for good prognosis patients (No = 63%). In \"fifty-fifty\" prognosis, there was no agreement among physicians, whereas nurses would mostly integrate SPC. The preferred integration model for patients with poor or \"fifty-fifty\" prognosis was a co-management for specific patients' needs. Participants primarily wanted palliative care specialists to support them in addressing life threat with patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need to develop accurate integration criteria of SPC in the transplant trajectory, taking multi-professional perspectives into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Metastatic Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Gunhild von Amsberg, Tobias Busenbender, Anja Coym, Moritz Kaune, Nadja Strewinsky, Jonas Ekrutt, Derya Tilki, Sergey Dyshlovoy","doi":"10.1159/000546930","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advanced stages of prostate cancer (PCa), in particular metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway is a cornerstone of therapeutic intervention, but resistance mechanisms and disease progression demand increasingly complex treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We provide a comprehensive overview on the management of metastatic PCa, highlighting the evolution of treatment approaches and their clinical implications. Androgen deprivation therapy remains the backbone of therapy, enhanced by androgen synthesis inhibitors, AR inhibitors, and emerging AR degraders. Taxane-based chemotherapy, radiopharmaceuticals like radium-223 and lutetium-177 PSMA-617, and PARP inhibitors have expanded the therapeutic arsenal. Novel treatment approaches are in preclinical and clinical development. Various factors must be taken into account when deciding on the optimal treatment strategy including disease and patient-specific aspects. In addition, previous treatment lines may impact the efficacy of subsequent therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The growing number of treatment options and a better understanding of the biological processes involved in tumor progression and the development of resistance are enabling increasingly individualized treatment of patients with advanced PCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcome in Metastatic Breast Cancer and Platinum-Resistant Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated with Metronomic Cyclophosphamide ± Methotrexate: PROmetronomic.","authors":"Slavomir Krajnak, Marco Johannes Battista, Ina Shehaj, Anne-Sophie Heimes, Timo Schinköthe, Walburgis Brenner, Annette Hasenburg, Marcus Schmidt","doi":"10.1159/000547766","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maintenance of subjective well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) play a crucial role in the treatment of metastatic cancer. The metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) may be a favorable treatment option in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the HRQoL of MBC and ROC patients treated with MCT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PROmetronomic was a prospective, monocentric study evaluating the HRQoL in MBC and ROC patients treated with oral cyclophosphamide 50 mg daily (+ oral methotrexate 2.5 mg every other day for MBC) from August 2020 to August 2022. The data were obtained using EORTC QLQ-C30, BR23, OV28, and HADS-D via the eHealth-based platform CANKADO. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5 MBC patients and 9 ROC patients were evaluated. The mean global health status was 47.2 at baseline and 36.1 at the end of MCT (p = 0.350). Functional scales and symptoms remained stable during MCT except for the significant increase of fatigue (51.9 vs. 77.8, p = 0.038). Anxiety and depression were without significant alteration (9.1 and 8.1 at baseline vs. 9.3 and 8.1 after MCT). The median PFS and OS were 10.0 weeks and 28.0 weeks, respectively. No ≥grade 3 toxicities were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MCT had no significant impact on HRQoL of our small cohort of heavily pretreated MBC and ROC patients and may represent a valuable treatment option for maintaining HRQoL in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lynch Syndrome in Context of the Updated German S3 Guideline Colorectal Cancer: Implementation of Universal MMR/MSI Testing.","authors":"Deepak B Vangala, Thomas Seufferlein, Robert Hüneburg","doi":"10.1159/000547331","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With 1:280 carriers, Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most prevalent tumor predisposition syndrome and the most important cause for hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumors from affected individuals usually present with a deficient expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins leading to a high microsatellite instability (MSI).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>With the update of the German S3 guideline CRC, universal MSI/MMR testing is going to be implemented, thus leading to a fundamental change in detection of patients belonging to the risk group of LS. From now on, there is a strong recommendation for performing MMR/MSI diagnostics for every CRC patient regardless of tumor stage not only in the surgical specimen but in the initial tumor biopsy. The subsequent algorithm for germline mutational testing is simplified. For CRC patients under the age of 50 years, multigene panel testing is recommended regardless of MSI/MMR status. Therapeutic considerations leading to MMR/MSI testing in other entities should warrant the same diagnostic approach. Surveillance measures are individualized, especially regarding upper and lower GI endoscopy considering mutational status.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Universal MMR/MSI testing is recommended for any CRC patient in the tumor biopsy. Subsequent germline mutational testing should be performed automatically in case of suspicious findings. The detection rate of LS carriers thus will be improved compared to current clinical criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis and Therapy of Ovarian Cancer, Part 3: Follow-Up Care, Recurrence, and Screening, the Full Round Circle.","authors":"Alaa El Housheimi, Sara Tato Varela, Walther Christian Kuhn","doi":"10.1159/000547282","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for the most cancer deaths in women worldwide, despite it being the 8th most common one. Almost two-thirds or OC cases present in advanced stages (III/IV) and will require maintenance therapy lasting for up to 36 months in some patients. Despite the introduction of innovative treatments, OC recurs in about 80% of cases in advanced stage disease. Management of recurrent OC is based on multiple factors and includes either surgery, in suitable candidates, followed by chemotherapy or systemic treatment alone. Due to its heavy physical, psychological and economic burden, reducing mortality of OC through prevention and early diagnosis is of utmost importance.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Prolonged maintenance treatment period in advanced OC led to a more complex follow-up care, which will start during active treatment and hence include management of therapy side effects. Intensifying follow-up through routine measurements of serum CA-125 and the consequent early induction of treatment in asymptomatic relapsed patients failed to improve overall survival compared to symptom oriented follow-up. In recurrent OC patients with a long treatment-free interval, good performance status, low ascitic fluid volume and completely operable tumor in the first diagnosis were found to benefit form a secondary cytoreductive surgery. Several drug classes were heavily tested in recurrent OC, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have been showing some promising results in platinum-resistant recurrent OC. Studies investigating Immunotherapy on the other hand have been much less encouraging. Despite achieving a stage shift toward early stage detection in some trials, large, well-designed studies have so far failed to develop an effective OC screening program that reduces mortality.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Managing long-term treatment side effects has become an indispensable part of follow-up care in OC. Symptom oriented follow-up with tumor marker measurement and imaging reserved for symptomatic patients is the standard of care. Allocating the right therapy plan in patients with recurrent OC, to secondary cytoreductive surgery versus systemic treatment will significantly impact progression-free (PFS) and OS. To date, there is no effective screening program for prevention and early detection of OC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomogram Based on the Dynamic Change in the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting the Pathological Complete Response of Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy.","authors":"Yichun Gong, Lexin Wang, Hong Yin, Mingyu Wang, Wenjie Shi, Jue Wang, Lu Xu, Xiaoming Zha","doi":"10.1159/000547195","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the predictive effect of peripheral blood inflammatory indexes on total pathologic complete response (tpCR) in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified significant prognostic factors for tpCR in the training cohort using univariate and multivariate logistic analysis to build a nomogram based on multicenter data. The performance of the model underwent 1,000-bootstrap resample internal validation and external validation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve and the calibration curve were used to measure predictive accuracy and discriminative ability. This study was conducted under the Declaration of Helsinki and the approval and supervision of the Ethics Review Committee (2020-SR-053) retrospectively registered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This retrospective study included 353 patients with breast cancer receiving NST, including 244 and 109 patients in the training and the external validation cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed ER status, PR status, HER2 status, T stage, baseline lymphocyte, and percentage change in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, an immune system status-associated indicator) as independent predictors of tpCR. Baseline NLR in the tpCR group was significantly lower than that in the non-tpCR group, but percentage change in the NLR was significantly higher in the tpCR group, exhibiting opposite predictive trends. A nomogram was developed based on these results. The AUC curve of the training cohort, bootstrap resampling internal validation, and external validation cohort were 0.832, 0.806, and 0.814, respectively. The calibration curve for the probability of tpCR revealed optimal agreement between the probability and the actual probability. The subgroup analysis revealed that baseline NLR was significantly correlated with tpCR in patients with HER2 overexpression and luminal breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A nomogram based on the dynamic change in the NLR was developed, thereby helping adjusting treatment plans because NST may change the functional phenotype of some inflammatory cells and affect tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}