Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Re: Cheng et al.: Conbercept versus laser for the treatment of infants with zone II retinopathy of prematurity (Ophthalmology. 2024;131:636–638)","authors":"Gang Ma MD, Xuequan Sun MD, Guangsen Liu MD","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Sickle Cell Retinopathy in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Enrolled in a Large Cohort Study.","authors":"Barbara D Smith, Jane S Hankins, Guolian Kang, Clifford M Takemoto, Parul Rai, Pei-Lin Chen, Benjamin A King, Mary E Hoehn","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sickle cell disease results in vaso-occlusion and hemolysis, in turn resulting in systemic complications. In the eye, these processes can lead to retinal ischemia and neovascularization resulting in sickle cell retinopathy, which based on severity can be divided into non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy. Hydroxyurea therapy increases fetal hemoglobin (reducing ischemia), and chronic blood transfusions reduce strokes in children with abnormally high intracranial vessel velocities. However, not enough evidence is reported to determine if these treatments reduce retinopathy. Our hypothesis is hydroxyurea and chronic transfusions lower the risk of the development and slow the progression to proliferative retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using a large longitudinal cohort study, we determined the prevalence of sickle cell retinopathy among pediatric and adolescent patients with sickle cell disease and the effects of disease-modifying therapy on reducing the prevalence and severity of sickle cell retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>We included all eye exams in the participants at a single site from the Sickle Cell Research and Intervention Program cohort between October 2010 and September 2022. Patients included were ages 10-19 years at the time of the initial eye exam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Main Outcome Measures We obtained patient age, sex, sickle genotype, treatment received for sickle cell retinopathy, duration of exposure to sickle cell disease-modifying therapy, and hematologic indices (fetal hemoglobin and hemoglobin concentration) from the cohort database, and abstracted data regarding sickle cell retinopathy, severity grading, and treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed that pediatric and adolescent patients with sickle cell disease on hydroxyurea therapy were 29% less likely to develop sickle cell retinopathy. Of those on hydroxyurea, 107/351 (30%) had sickle cell retinopathy as compared to the 118/279 (42%) patients not on hydroxyurea(p=0.0028). Of those receiving CTXN, 20/121 had retinopathy (17%) as compared to the 205/509 (40%) patients not on CTXN (p<0.001). Patients receiving CTX were 68% less likely to develop sickle cell retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data from the largest cohort of pediatric and adolescent patients with sickle cell retinopathy supports widespread use of hydroxyurea and/or chronic transfusion therapy. We found that these therapies are associated with a smaller number of patients developing sickle cell retinopathy and progressive retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Chou et al.: Association between semaglutide and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a multinational population-based study (Ophthalmology. 2025:132:381-388).","authors":"Haiying Zhu, Kun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply.","authors":"Chien-Chih Chou, Ssu-Yu Pan, Chien-Hsiang Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ductal Cysts of the Accessory Lacrimal Glands in the Lacrimal Caruncle.","authors":"Man Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacologic Agents Used in the Assessment or Correction of Blepharoptosis: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","authors":"Seanna R Grob, Jeremiah P Tao, Vinay K Aakalu, Jill A Foster, Lora R Dagi Glass, Timothy J McCulley, M Reza Vagefi, Michael Yoon, Stephen J Kim, Edward J Wladis","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic agents for the short-term (minutes to hours) correction of blepharoptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted last in the PubMed database in July 2024 to identify all studies in the English language on the use of pharmacologic agents for the correction of blepharoptosis. The search yielded 197 citations, and 26 articles met all of the inclusion criteria for this assessment. Case reports and small case series were excluded. A panel methodologist then assigned a level of evidence rating for each of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four studies were rated level I, 4 studies were rated level II, and 18 studies were rated level III. Medications that provided short-term improvement in blepharoptosis included phenylephrine, cocaine, hydroxyamphetamine, apraclonidine, naphazoline, and oxymetazoline. Phenylephrine, cocaine, and hydroxyamphetamine were used only in the office for diagnostic purposes. No serious, treatment-related adverse events were noted in the studies included in this assessment. Adverse events reported included dry mouth and dry nose with apraclonidine and punctate keratitis and blurred vision, conjunctival hyperemia, dry eye, and instillation site pain with oxymetazoline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phenylephrine, cocaine, hydroxyamphetamine, apraclonidine, naphazoline, and oxymetazoline can achieve short-term blepharoptosis correction. Phenylephrine, cocaine, and hydroxyamphetamine have been described only in the context of in-office evaluation of blepharoptosis or Horner syndrome, and their therapeutic role remains uncertain. Oxymetazoline hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 0.1% is the only medication approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment of acquired blepharoptosis in adults. Independent validation studies may be warranted for oxymetazoline hydrochloride and its long-term efficacy and safety data remain uncertain.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision-Threatening Complications of Soft Tissue Fillers: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","authors":"Jill Foster, Vinay K Aakalu, Suzanne K Freitag, Timothy J McCulley, Jeremiah P Tao, M Reza Vagefi, Michael T Yen, Stephen J Kim, Edward J Wladis","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review evidence on ocular complications of injectable soft tissue fillers, identify features associated with risk for vision loss, and assess the efficacy and safety of reported treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search of the PubMed database was last conducted in May 2024. Articles were limited to English-language original research describing ocular complications of soft tissue fillers. Of 387 articles identified, 62 were selected for full-text review. Nineteen articles met the criteria for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 19 articles were assigned a level III rating by the panel methodologist. This assessment identified 198 cases of vision loss caused by accidental intravascular injection of filler material, hyaluronic acid gel in 164 cases (83%), autologous fat in 29 cases (15%), collagen in 3 cases, poly-L lactic acid gel in 1 case, and calcium hydroxyapatite in 1 case. The 226 injection sites, sometimes multiple locations, when described, were nose in 90 cases (40%); forehead in 56 cases (25%); glabella in 26 cases (12%); temple in 21 cases (9%) frontal in 17 cases (7%); nasolabial fold in 9 cases (4%); face in 2 cases; periocular in 2 cases; and lip, eyebrow, cheek, and upper eyelid in 1 case each. The central and upper midface (nose, forehead, glabella, frontal) were the most common sites (189 cases, 84%). The most common therapeutic interventions included hyaluronidase injection (local, orbital, and intra-arterial), intra-arterial injection of thrombolytic agents and hyaluronidase, anterior chamber paracentesis, IV corticosteroid, IV mannitol, and hyperbaric oxygen. These interventions, although safe, were usually not effective in reversing vision loss. Vision after the occlusive event and final vision were described in 196 cases; it was unchanged in 137 patients (70%), improved in 56 patients (28%), and worsened in 3 patients (2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inadvertent intravascular injection of soft tissue fillers is associated with cases of vision loss, with upper and central midface a common site of injection. This suggests zones of higher risk for vision loss compared with other facial areas. Hyaluronic acid gel was the most common material, although vison loss was also associated with a variety of other filler materials. No evidence-based protocol has been established for managing vision loss, but intra-arterial thrombolysis has had some success in recanalizing occluded arteries.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ciliary Body and Iris Melanocytoma in a 2-Year-Old Boy.","authors":"Giovanni Rubegni, Mario Fruschelli, Gian Marco Tosi","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AAO-AUPO Minority Mentoring Program: A 2018-2025 Progress Report.","authors":"Dolly A Padovani-Claudio, Anju Goyal, Aruoriwo Oboh-Weilke, Jessica D Randolph, Nathan L Scott, Lisa D Kelly","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report outlines the evolution and current achievements of the Minority Ophthalmology Mentoring Program, initiated by AAO and AUPO to promote health equity by enhancing ophthalmology student recruitment through early exposure, a rigorous curriculum, and mentorship.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patch Testing for Eyelid Dermatitis: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","authors":"Lora R Dagi Glass, Vinay K Aakalu, Jill A Foster, Seanna R Grob, Timothy J McCulley, Jeremiah Tao, M Reza Vagefi, Michael Yoon, Stacy L Pineles, Edward J Wladis","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the literature for protocols and results of patch testing for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in patients with noninfectious eyelid dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted last in July 2024. Articles were limited to original research for which an English language abstract was available, and in which detailed data were available for at least 25 patients being tested for noninfectious eyelid dermatitis. Of the 135 articles identified, 17 studies were reviewed in full text and were selected for inclusion and grading. All studies were rated level III.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple allergens may cause ACD. The following allergens with at least 10% positivity were reported in more than 1 study (although the same allergens were not examined in every study): Balsam of Peru (Myroxylon pereirae), cinnamic alcohol, fragrance mixes, gold, methylisothiazolinone, nail care products, neomycin, nickel, and personal care products (broadly defined as any product used by a patient at home).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An ideal patch test panel for eyelid ACD remains to be determined; patients with suspected eyelid ACD benefit from a depth and breadth of patch testing beyond common allergens such as Balsam of Peru, cinnamic alcohol, fragrance mixes, gold, methylisothiazolinone, nail care products, neomycin, and nickel. Future research would benefit from a prospective methodology, greater demographic detail, and postpatching follow-up.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosures: </strong>The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}