Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence virtual assistants in primary eye care practice.","authors":"Leandro Stuermer, Sabrina Braga, Raul Martin, James S Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1111/opo.13435","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To propose a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based virtual assistant trained on tabular clinical data that can provide decision-making support in primary eye care practice and optometry education programmes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Anonymised clinical data from 1125 complete optometric examinations (2250 eyes; 63% women, 37% men) were used to train different machine learning algorithm models to predict eye examination classification (refractive, binocular vision dysfunction, ocular disorder or any combination of these three options). After modelling, adjustment, mining and preprocessing (one-hot encoding and SMOTE techniques), 75 input (preliminary data, history, oculomotor test and ocular examinations) and three output (refractive, binocular vision status and eye disease) features were defined. The data were split into training (80%) and test (20%) sets. Five machine learning algorithms were trained, and the best algorithms were subjected to fivefold cross-validation. Model performance was evaluated for accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1 score and specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The random forest algorithm was the best for classifying eye examination results with a performance >95.2% (based on 35 input features from preliminary data and history), to propose a subclassification of ocular disorders with a performance >98.1% (based on 65 features from preliminary data, history and ocular examinations) and to differentiate binocular vision dysfunctions with a performance >99.7% (based on 30 features from preliminary data and oculomotor tests). These models were integrated into a responsive web application, available in three languages, allowing intuitive access to the AI models via conventional clinical terms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An AI-based virtual assistant that performed well in predicting patient classification, eye disorders or binocular vision dysfunction has been developed with potential use in primary eye care practice and education programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"437-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoreceptor layer elevation due to subretinal fluid: Impact on visual acuity measurements and simulation from biometrics.","authors":"Vamsi Parimi, Ann E Elsner, Joel A Papay, Christopher A Clark, Masahiro Miura, Thomas J Gast","doi":"10.1111/opo.13422","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Visual acuity (VA) is a primary outcome measure that defines the success of clinical interventions for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular oedema (DME). These conditions can lead to the presence of subretinal fluid, causing substantial photoreceptor layer elevation. Hyperopic defocus then occurs, affecting the VA measurements. In this study, we simulated the induced hyperopic shift for real-world values of photoreceptor layer elevation and measured the effect on VA measurements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To simulate the hyperopic shift, we used a four-surface eye model. To measure the effect of defocus on VA, normally sighted adults (N = 44, mean [SD] age = 32 [13.0] year, range: 21-71 year) performed four test conditions, that is, defocus of 0.00, +0.75, +1.50 and +2.25 D. For each subject, mean VA and SD obtained from a cumulative normal fit to the VA data provided the coefficient of variation (CV) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Refractive error induced by photoreceptor layer elevation was maximum for hyperopic error conditions, followed by emmetropic and myopic refractive error conditions. The 76% threshold VA worsened with increasing defocus conditions. The 95% CI was significantly larger for +0.75, +1.50 and +2.25 D defocus compared to no defocus (p = 0.04, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The CI for the +2.25 D defocus condition was larger (3-10 letters) compared with no defocus (3-6 letters).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Photoreceptor layer elevation causes a hyperopic shift sufficient for clinically meaningful changes: worse VA and more variable measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"480-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-based manipulation of visual processing speed during soccer-specific training has a positive impact on visual and visuomotor abilities in professional soccer players.","authors":"Patricia Rodrigues, Jack Woodburn, Alexander John Bond, Andrew Stockman, Jesús Vera","doi":"10.1111/opo.13423","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed at assessing the effects of a 6-week intervention within a training environment that uses special lighting conditions targeted to slow down the visual processing speed of visual and visuomotor performance in professional soccer players. Twenty-four soccer players (age = 21.8 ± 4.8 years, 50% women) from the under 18 and under 23 men's teams, and 1st Women's team of the Sunderland Association Football Club participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups, with the intervention group performing 2-weekly 30-min sessions of specific soccer tasks with specific lighting conditions using the Okkulo system (Okkulo™, okkulo.com), whereas the control group performed the same training under normal lighting conditions. The intervention group showed significant improvements in dynamic visual acuity (p < 0.001), recognition time (p = 0.002), sensory reaction time (p < 0.001), motor reaction time (p = 0.002) and peripheral identification accuracy (p < 0.001), whereas no significant effects were obtained for stereopsis (p = 0.05), peripheral identification speed (p = 0.17) and anticipation (p = 0.22). In conclusion, a 6-week training intervention using the Okkulo system improved several visual and visuomotor skills in professional soccer players. Future studies will assess the transfer effects of using this technology to on-field performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"504-513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of indices for the assessment and classification of keratoconus based on optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug technology.","authors":"Robert Herber, Janine Lenk, Lisa Ramm, Dierk Wittig, Maria Magdalena Patzner, Lutz E Pillunat, Frederik Raiskup","doi":"10.1111/opo.13425","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the parameters and indices of a novel swept-source optical coherence tomography device (SS-OCT, ANTERION) with those of a rotating Scheimpflug camera (RSC)-based tomograph (Pentacam) in normal and keratoconic (KC) eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, monocentric, cross-sectional study included individuals with unoperated normal and KC eyes, selecting one eye per subject. Ectasia-specific parameters analysed with the SS-OCT were difference in mean keratometry (K_mean) in the inferior and superior meridians, maximum keratometry value (K_max), elevation of the posterior surface at the thinnest point, screening corneal objective risk of ectasia (SCORE) and thinnest point thickness. With the RSC, parameters determined were Belin/Ambrosio total deviation value (BAD-D), index of height decentration and index of vertical asymmetry. KC classification with the SS-OCT was based on the anterior and posterior radii of curvature and thinnest point thickness according to the ABCD classification of the RSC system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 117 individuals with healthy eyes and 335 eyes with KC. The indices with the highest diagnostic discriminatory ability between the two cohorts were SCORE, difference of K_mean in the inferior and superior meridians and posterior elevation of the thinnest point (SS-OCT), as well as the index of height decentration, index of vertical asymmetry and BAD-D (RSC). The classifications using SS-OCT defined mild-stage KC as K_max, posterior elevation of the thinnest point and thinnest point thickness as ≤50.9 D, ≤30 and ≥472 μm, respectively. Moderate stage values were 51-55.9 D, 31-69 and 471-438 μm, respectively, while respective advanced stage were ≥56 D, ≥70 and ≤437 μm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnostic capabilities for both devices were found to be comparable. KC classification using SS-OCT can be independently based on the anterior surface, posterior surface and corneal thickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"391-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relation between clutter and visual fatigue in children with cerebral visual impairment.","authors":"C Van Hove, C Damiano, N Ben Itzhak","doi":"10.1111/opo.13447","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a brain-based condition which can be exacerbated by clutter. This study aimed to explore the relation between clutter and visual fatigue in children with CVI and evaluate the effectiveness of clutter algorithm metrics in assessing visual clutter in photographs of children's play areas and the relation to visual fatigue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Visual clutter was measured using algorithmic metrics, subjective observations by a clinical researcher (who also observed visual fatigue) and a Qualtrics survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-two children (mean performance age = 7 years 4 months) were included. Visual fatigue was present in over 90% of children. Results revealed a relation between clutter and visual fatigue observations (r_s = 0.29; p = 0.01) and between visual clutter observations from researchers and Qualtrics participants (r_s = 0.32; p = 0.02). Certain metrics were correlated with visual clutter observations (r_s ranging from -0.30 to 0.51, p-values ranging from <0.001 to 0.03), but not with visual fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with CVI presented with visual fatigue, particularly in cluttered environments. Therefore, parents, caregivers, teachers and clinicians should be attentive to visual fatigue signs, as early recognition and intervention can help address the child's needs more effectively. Algorithms that effectively quantify visual clutter are valuable tools that can be integrated to enhance the assessment of clutter and its relation with visual fatigue to advance CVI research methodology. However, a clinician is required to assess visual fatigue and to obtain detailed information on environmental clutter, which algorithms alone may not fully capture. Finally, we recognise that visual fatigue and the impact of clutter should be integrated into psychoeducation and the comprehensive assessment of individuals with CVI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"514-541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Maddox rod: Revisiting the optics.","authors":"Malak Habib, Nicholas Howard Andrew","doi":"10.1111/opo.13434","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Maddox rod is a staple in the assessment of strabismus. However, its optics mechanism is puzzling. How is it that an orthogonal line focus is formed? Surprisingly, few texts offer an explanation and those that do either provide insufficient detail, contain misleading information or are difficult to follow. There is a prevalent misconception that multiple cylinders are required for the orthogonal line focus to appear. However, this is untrue; Maddox himself only used a single cylinder when he first described the phenomenon. Herein, we review the optics explanations provided in a sample of texts and offer an accurate explanation using the biplanar principle of astigmatic refraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"433-436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal measures of peripheral optical quality in young children.","authors":"Fuensanta A Vera-Diaz, Deepa Dhungel, Aidan McCullough, Kristen L Kerber, Peter J Bex","doi":"10.1111/opo.13438","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess longitudinal changes in optical quality across the periphery (horizontal meridian, 60°) in young children who are at high (HR) or low risk (LR) of developing myopia, as well as a small subgroup of children who developed myopia over a 3-year time frame.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aberrations were measured every 6 months in 92 children with functional emmetropia at baseline. Children were classified into HR or LR based on baseline refractive error and parental myopia. Zernike polynomials were calculated for 4 mm pupils, accounting for the elliptical shape of the pupil in the periphery. Various metrics were computed, including Strehl Ratios with only high-order aberrations (HO-SR). Primary spherical aberration (SA), horizontal coma and defocus were also analysed given their relevance in emmetropisation. The areas under the image quality metrics for various regions of interest were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HO-SR were higher in children at HR and children with myopia, even when SA was removed from the Strehl Ratio (SR) calculation. SA was less positive in children at HR and children with myopia. Defocus was more negative in children at HR and children with myopia at all eccentricities and was even more negative when computed relative to the fovea, an effect that increased in the mid periphery. Relative peripheral defocus also became more negative over time in children at HR and children with myopia at the mid temporal retina. The other aberrations showed no significant changes in time overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This longitudinal study showed differences in HO-SR, SA and defocus in the central and near-peripheral retina (±20°) of young children at HR before they develop myopia compared with children at LR for myopia. The results may indicate these eccentricities are significant in providing signals for emmetropisation. The small changes noted over time may indicate that the differences are a cause of myopia development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"550-564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the onset of diabetic retinopathy and thickness changes in the retina and choroid of children with type 1 diabetes: A three-year longitudinal study.","authors":"Yiwei Wu, Ying Xiao, Lipu Cui, Xinran Qin, Shuli Chen, Qingyu An, Tianyi Yuan, Qiurong Lin, Haidong Zou, Xiangui He, Chenhao Yang, Peiyao Jin","doi":"10.1111/opo.13439","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the longitudinal changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and their relation with the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight children with T1DM and 71 healthy controls were included in this 3-year longitudinal study. Ophthalmic and systemic examinations were conducted on each participant. Retinal and choroidal thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography. Baseline values and changes in retinal and choroidal thickness were compared with DR onset, diabetics without DR and healthy controls. Logistic regression was used to explore the association with DR development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six children developed DR during the follow-up period (15.79%) and five of them developed microaneurysms in the parapapillary temporal quadrant. During follow-up, greater retinal thickening occurred in subjects with DR compared with diabetic participants without DR (p = 0.03) and healthy controls (p = 0.02) in the parapapillary outer temporal section. Compared with the control group, greater retinal thickening was observed in DR subjects in the averaged parapapillary outer ring (p = 0.01), the macular inner temporal section (p = 0.03) and several macular sections (all p < 0.05). Additionally, greater retinal thickening was observed in several parapapillary regions in non-DR T1DM participants compared with healthy controls (all p < 0.05). The thickness change in the outer temporal parapapillary section was independently associated with DR onset (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.01-1.73, p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with T1DM showed a significant or a trend of increasing retinal and choroidal thickness compared with normal controls over a 3-year period. The change of retinal thickness in the parapapillary outer temporal section was associated with the development of DR in children with T1DM, suggesting that it could serve as a biomarker for predicting and screening DR in these individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"458-470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of light-adapted electroretinogram in paediatric amblyopia.","authors":"Bing Zhang, Jiajun Wang, Yalan Wang, Yilin Jiang, Yun-E Zhao","doi":"10.1111/opo.13430","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the light-adapted (LA) electroretinogram (ERG) associated with paediatric amblyopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 220 eyes from 81 postoperative paediatric cataract patients and 29 healthy children were enrolled in four groups, namely controls, unilaterally amblyopic eyes, non-amblyopic fellow eyes and bilaterally affected eyes. Differences in LA ERG variables (peak time and amplitude of a- and b-waves and photopic negative response [PhNR]) were compared across groups, as well as their associations with visual acuity and changes in axial length.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The peak time of both the a-wave (p < 0.001) and b-wave (p < 0.001), as well as the amplitude of the b-wave (p < 0.001) and the PhNR (p = 0.04) differed significantly across groups. Compared to controls, affected eyes in both unilateral and bilateral groups showed significantly lower b-wave amplitude and longer a- and b-wave peak times (p < 0.008, Bonferroni-corrected). Additionally, fellow eyes in the unilateral group exhibited significantly longer b-wave peak times (p = 0.008). For all eyes, poorer visual acuity was associated with a longer peak time for both the a- (p = 0.006) and b-waves (p = 0.003), as well as lower amplitudes of the b-wave (p = 0.006) and PhNR (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes in LA ERG components suggest alteration of retinal physiology in deprivation amblyopia. Thus, the LA ERG may provide additional information to help understand the mechanisms underlying deprivation amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"471-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of lipid layer thickness using LipiView® following removal of contact lenses and its relationship to comfort.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Simin Masoudi, Ajay Kumar Vijay, Thomas John Naduvilath, Srikanth Dumpati, Ankit Raj, Mark Willcox","doi":"10.1111/opo.13445","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the repeatability of lipid layer thickness (LLT) measurement using the LipiView® interferometer after daily disposable contact lens (CL) wear and correlation with ocular comfort in soft contact lens wearers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted over two consecutive months, wherein CL wearers (n = 20) wore either Somofilcon A or Verofilcon A daily disposable CLs in a crossover design, switching lenses after 1 month. The pre-corneal tear film LLT was measured at the end of each month after CLs had been worn for at least 6 h. Using the LipiView® interferometer, three measurements of the LLT (average, maximum and minimum) were recorded. Subjects' symptoms were evaluated with the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ-8) and correlations sought between post-lens pre-corneal tear film LLT and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average, maximum and minimum intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of LLT measurements at baseline were 0.57, 0.39 and 0.66, respectively, indicating poor (ICC < 0.4) to moderate (≥0.4, <0.75) repeatability. Coefficients of repeatability (CR) were 20.4, 24.8 and 20.8, respectively. After daily disposable CL wear, the ICC values were 0.66, 0.72 and 0.63 (indicating moderate repeatability), with CR values of 25.7, 32.0 and 23.3, respectively. Although all the ICC values of the pre-corneal LLT increased after daily disposable lens wear indicating improved repeatability, the CR values also increased, indicating larger spread of data. However, in both cases, these increases were not significantly different from baseline. There were no significant differences in pre-corneal LLT between the two lens types and no significant correlation with comfort scores (baseline: r = -0.11, p = 0.67; Verofilcon A lenses: r = 0.19, p = 0.45; Somofilcon A lenses r = 0.13, p = 0.62) for either lens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The repeatability of average, maximum and minimum LLT measurements performed by LipiView remained stable during CL wear. There was no significant correlation between LLT and comfort scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"383-390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}