Operative dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Experimental Polymer-Based Fluoride Varnishes Against Erosive Tooth Wear.","authors":"T M de Andrade Santos, M G Augusto, J B Fernandes, V C Bottesini, I V Aoki, T Scaramucci, Crg Torres, A B Borges","doi":"10.2341/25-041-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/25-041-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The addition of film-forming polymers to fluoride varnishes may enhance their protective effect against erosive tooth wear. This study evaluated experimental varnishes combining fluoride with polymethacrylate copolymers for controlling enamel wear under erosive-abrasive conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Polished bovine enamel specimens were demineralized (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6, 5 minutes) and assigned to six groups (n = 15) based on treatment: amino methacrylate copolymer (AMC); methyl methacrylate copolymer (MMC); AMC with sodium fluoride (AMC+NaF); MMC with sodium fluoride (MMC+NaF); ultrapure water (negative control, NC); and a commercial varnish (positive control; Duraphat, Colgate-Palmolive Company). Experimental varnishes contained 15% polymer, and fluoride-containing groups had 5% NaF. Specimens underwent nine-day erosive-abrasive cycling consisting of five minutes immersion in 0.3% citric acid, 60 minutes in artificial saliva, repeated four times daily, combined with toothbrushing for 15 seconds twice daily. Surface loss (SL) was measured after treatment to confirm varnish thickness standardization and at the end of cycling using contact profilometry. KOH-soluble fluoride (µg/cm2) on enamel was also quantified. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA for surface loss, and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests for KOH-soluble fluoride (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AMC+NaF, MMC+NaF, and the commercial varnish (Duraphat) significantly reduced SL compared to the negative control and polymer-only varnishes (p = 0.001). No significant differences were observed between Duraphat and AMC+NaF (p = 0.139) or MMC+NaF (p = 0.166). For KOH-soluble fluoride, AMC+NaF showed lower values than MMC+NaF (p = 0.001), while Duraphat did not differ significantly from either.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Varnishes formulated with polymethacrylate copolymers and sodium fluoride provided in vitro protection against enamel erosive-abrasive wear, with efficacy comparable to the commercial varnish tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 6","pages":"612-626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Comparison of Four Resin Composite Matrix Systems.","authors":"M Balci, G A Sabah, M G Kanmaz, G Eyici, K Ayan, N Saklakoğlu","doi":"10.2341/25-008-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/25-008-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To address the limited evidence regarding the performance of various matrix systems, this study investigated proximal contact quality and surface characteristics across systems differing in structural design and component configuration.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Forty Frasaco mandibular left first molars (ANKA-4 ZE 100, Frasaco GmbH, Tettnang, Germany) were used to prepare mesial proximal box cavities with standard dimensions. Cavities were restored with a bulk-fill light-cured resin composite using four different matrix systems (n = 10): precontoured stainless steel (Palodent V3, Dentsply Sirona, York, PA, USA), copper (TECCI Copper, TECCI Dental, Istanbul, Turkey), and polyester (TECCI Transparent, TECCI Dental) sectional, and non-dead soft steel circumferential (SuperMat Adapt SuperCap, KerrHawe, Bioggio, Switzerland) matrix systems. Pre- and post-operative scans were obtained using an intraoral scanner (Trios 3, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Mesiodistal (MD) diameters were measured on the scans. Proximal contour and marginal adaptation were assessed by two blinded examiners. Surface roughness was evaluated using a profilometer (Mitutoyo SJ 301, Mitutoyo Corp., Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan). Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test for parametric comparisons, and Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc test, Fisher's Exact test with Bonferroni correction, and Cohen's kappa for nonparametric analyses, with significance set at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed among matrix systems for MD diameters, proximal contour, marginal adaptation, and surface roughness (all p < 0.049). The stainless steel sectional matrix system produced the greatest MD diameter change and the highest incidence of cervical and lateral overhang. Only stainless steel and copper sectional matrix systems generated convex contours. Copper and stainless steel sectional matrices also exhibited greater surface roughness than the other systems (both p < 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Precontoured metal sectional matrices with rings achieve proper proximal contours and increase MD diameter. However, they require precise placement to avoid distortion, which may compromise surface smoothness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 6","pages":"639-653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of HEMA-Containing and HEMA-Free Adhesives on the Integrity of Deep Proximal Margin Restorations.","authors":"Y A Zainel, B M Zeidan","doi":"10.2341/25-043-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/25-043-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Resin composite restorations in deep subgingival cavities involving cementum margins often exhibit early adhesive debonding and marginal failure. Conventional resin adhesive systems are prone to hydrolysis in these situations. However, evidence on the optimal adhesive systems for deep margins is limited. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of HEMA-containing and HEMA-free adhesives in deep proximal margin restorations after simulated long-term aging.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Class II box-only cavities were prepared on the distal surfaces of 48 extracted upper premolars, with the gingival margins placed 2 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were randomly divided into three study groups (n = 16) based on the type of adhesive system: two-step HEMA-containing, two-step HEMA-free, and one-step HEMA-containing. Cavities were restored using a preheated nanohybrid resin composite and cured using a polywave LED light at 1200 mW/cm2. Each group was subdivided into an immediate subgroup (n = 8), in which teeth were examined after 24 hours, and a delayed subgroup (n = 8), in which teeth were examined after an aging process comprising 10,000 thermal cycles (5-55°C). Resin composite/cementum interfaces were evaluated quantitatively by scanning electron microscopy at 200× magnification. Marginal integrity was statistically analyzed by the percentage of continuous margin (%CM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the two-step HEMA-containing and two-step HEMA-free adhesive systems showed significantly better marginal integrity than the one-step HEMA-containing system for both the immediate and aged groups (all p < 0.005). A Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed that the aging process affected the one-step HEMA-containing adhesive system (p = 0.002), but not the two-step systems (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two-step adhesive systems had better performance at cementum margins than the one-step adhesive system. The presence of HEMA in the two-step adhesive did not degrade marginal quality compared to the two-step HEMA-free adhesive systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 6","pages":"599-611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstrain in Maxillary Premolars With Noncarious Cervical Lesions Before and After Restoration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"S Yadav, Pka Rajasekaran, S Krishnamoorty, A Kishen","doi":"10.2341/23-075-C","DOIUrl":"10.2341/23-075-C","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Loss of cervical tooth structure due to noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) can weaken teeth and increase tooth strain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo microstrain variations in human maxillary premolars with NCCLs before and after restoration with resin composite (RC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>This study was a split-mouth, randomized controlled clinical trial. Twenty patients aged 40-60 years with NCCLs in maxillary premolars were selected. Bite force was measured bilaterally. In Stage I, 10 patients with unilateral NCCLs were randomized and restored with RC and RMGIC. In Stage II, 10 patients with bilateral NCCLs received RC and RMGIC restorations after maxillary quadrant randomization. Bonded strain gauges recorded the coronal buccal microstrain after maximum intercuspation before and after restoration and at the six-month recall visit. Data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher exact test, and Friedman test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Stage I, there was a significant reduction in mean coronal buccal microstrain immediately after restoration with RMGIC and RC (both p = 0.048) to values similar to that of intact control teeth (p = 0.486, p = 0.686); this reduction remained evident at the six-month recall (RMGIC: p = 0.014, RC: p = 0.040). In Stage II, there was a bilateral, significant reduction in mean coronal buccal microstrain immediately after restoration with RMGIC (p = 0.022) and RC (p = 0.011), which remained evident at the six-month recall visit (both p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Coronal buccal microstrain in teeth with NCCLs was significantly reduced after restoration with RMGIC and RC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 6","pages":"563-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Current Literature in Operative Dentistry: An Annual Report from the Research Committee of the Academy of Operative Dentistry.","authors":"T A Sulaiman, T Alsahafi, R G Stevenson, A Elgreatly, R Alkattan, S Alhalees, M Tajik, Mas Melo, I Garcia, A Agnihotry, S Wade, M Hamdan, Z Badr, E J Swift","doi":"10.2341/25-198-LIT","DOIUrl":"10.2341/25-198-LIT","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report from the Research Committee of the Academy of Operative Dentistry brings together the most important research and clinical progress from 2024 to 2025. The review presents an evidence-based assessment of current advancements in research methodology, cariology, adhesion, materials science, and digital technologies. Methodological enhancements concentrate on the application of standardized reporting frameworks, including SPIRIT/CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 and CRIME-Q, to enhance the reproducibility and clinical applicability of restorative trials. In cariology, the biological paradigm shift underscores minimally invasive, risk-oriented management, with substantial evidence advocating for selective caries removal and vital pulp therapy to maintain pulpal vitality in permanent teeth. Materials research shows how resin composites have changed over time to include bioactive, universal-shade, and bulk-fill formulations that are meant to be efficient in the clinic and release therapeutic ions. The addition of digital workflows, such as intraoral scanning, artificial intelligence (AI) to help with diagnosis, and objective spectrophotometric shade mapping, is also changing traditional restorative protocols. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) introduces new ways to fabricate ceramics, but subtractive milling is still superior for making high-load restorations. These findings collectively highlight a pivotal shift towards precision-oriented, biologically integrated restorative care aimed at enhancing long-term clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 6","pages":"576-598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Violet LED Light and High-Concentration Hydrogen Peroxide on Dentin Mechanical Properties, Collagen, and Enzymatic Activity.","authors":"A H Damázio, N R Carlos, R T Basting, R T Basting","doi":"10.2341/24-176-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/24-176-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Because the application of violet light-emitting diode (LED) light may enhance the release of reactive oxygen species, and its combination with a high-concentration bleaching agents may accelerate collagen degradation, this study aimed to evaluate its impact on the mechanical properties of demineralized dentin matrix exposed to high or low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide used in in-office treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The evaluation included changes in mass, modulus of elasticity, ultimate tensile strength, hydroxyproline release, and total matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Demineralized collagen matrices were assigned to groups (n = 10): 35% hydrogen peroxide, 7.5% hydrogen peroxide, or simulated body fluid (SBF, control) with or without violet LED light. Treatments were conducted over three 30-minute sessions. During each session, violet LED light was applied in 20 cycles of 60 seconds of light, followed by a 30-second rest interval. Dentin matrix mass variation, modulus of elasticity, ultimate tensile strength after treatments, and hydroxyproline release were evaluated. Additionally, other dentin collagen matrices were evaluated for total MMP activity before and after the bleaching protocols (n = 10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Violet LED light caused a significant mass loss in the 35% hydrogen peroxide group (p = 0.007; Mann-Whitney test) compared to the other treatments. There were no significant treatment-related differences in modulus of elasticity (p = 0.527; generalized linear models). The 35% hydrogen peroxide group showed lower ultimate tensile strength and higher hydroxyproline release than the 7% hydrogen peroxide and control groups (p < 0.0001; generalized linear models). All experimental groups exhibited lower percentages of MMP inhibition than the control inhibitor group (p < 0.0001; generalized linear models).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Violet LED light and different in-office bleaching agent concentrations did not reduce the modulus of elasticity. Violet LED light combined with 35% hydrogen peroxide reduced dentin mass and ultimate tensile strength, and increased hydroxyproline release and total MMP collagen activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"515-529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Now That We Have CODA'S Attention….","authors":"Gordon K Jones","doi":"10.2341/1559-2863-50-5-463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2341/1559-2863-50-5-463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 5","pages":"463-465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Post-Treatment Discoloration in Resin-Infiltrated Teeth: Comparative Effects of Polishing and Bleaching.","authors":"M Y Sabti, A A Akbar, I Y Alfarhan, M A Qudeimat","doi":"10.2341/25-048-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/25-048-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resin infiltration is an effective minimally invasive treatment for white spot lesions, but post-treatment discoloration remains a significant clinical challenge with limited evidence-based management protocols.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of polishing and bleaching techniques in enhancing the color of resin-infiltrated teeth.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Fifty caries-free, extracted permanent human teeth were randomly allocated to control and study groups (n = 25). All specimens were cleaned, sectioned mesiodistally, mounted in acrylic resin, and examined for surface imperfections. The study group underwent standardized artificial demineralization to create 50-µm white spot lesions, followed by ICON resin infiltration. Both groups completed a 30-day staining protocol with twice-daily 15-minute immersions in standardized coffee solution and brushing. Interventions included (1) mechanical polishing and (2) 14-day bleaching (9.5% H2O2 gel, 30-minute daily applications). Color changes were quantitatively assessed at baseline, post-polishing, and post-bleaching using spectrophotometry (Vita Easyshade) with CIELAB/CIEDE2000 systems and Vitapan Classical shade scores. Statistical analysis employed paired t-tests, ANOVA, and mixed ANOVA (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, resin-infiltrated teeth were significantly darker (lower L*) and redder (higher a*) compared to untreated controls (p < 0.005). Mechanical polishing improved color parameters in both groups and effectively minimized intergroup differences (ΔE00: 6.90 vs 6.84; p = 0.49). Bleaching produced significantly greater color change in resin-infiltrated teeth compared to controls (ΔE00 from baseline: 17.6 vs 11.4, p < 0.001). Vitapan shade scores improved significantly across sequential treatment stages (baseline, post-polishing, post-bleaching; p < 0.001), with no significant intergroup differences in final scores (p = 0.49).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Polishing reduced surface stains and color differences, but bleaching achieved greater whitening, especially in resin-infiltrated teeth. Together, they offer an effective approach for managing post-infiltration discoloration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"544-555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145725043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Successive In-office and At-home Bleaching Protocols on the Surface Properties of CAD/CAM Materials.","authors":"J F Carrijo Queiroz, J J Rodrigues de Oliveira, J M Dos Santos Nunes Reis, L Nordi Dovigo, R Garcia Fonseca","doi":"10.2341/24-079-L","DOIUrl":"10.2341/24-079-L","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the effects of in-office and at-home bleaching on the surface properties of CAD/CAM monolithic materials have been extensively explored, their combined effect has not yet been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of different bleaching modalities, including a combination of in-office and at-home beaching in up to three sessions on the roughness, microhardness, and surface topography of five CAD/CAM materials. Disks of a resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate, Solventum, St. Paul, MN, USA), a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany), a leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), and a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (Vita Suprinity, Vita Zahnfabrik) were subjected to: 1) in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM Dental Group, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil) (35% HP), 2) at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence PF, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA) (10% CP), and 3) a combined protocol of in-office bleaching followed by at-home bleaching. Roughness arithmetical mean height (Sa) (n=12/group), microhardness (n=10/group), and topography (n=2/group) were evaluated before treatment and after the first, second, and third sessions. Data were submitted to mixed repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α=0.05). Except for Lava Ultimate and Vita Suprinity, which showed progressive topographic alterations, 35% HP did not affect roughness, microhardness, or topography of any of the materials; 10% CP and the combined protocol caused topographic alterations in all materials. The 10% CP increased roughness of Vita Enamic (from the second session), IPS Empress CAD (from the first session), and IPS e.max CAD and Vita Suprinity (in the third session), and decreased microhardness of IPS Empress CAD (in the third session) and IPS e.max CAD (from the second session). The combined protocol increased roughness (from the second session) and decreased microhardness (in the third session) with IPS Empress CAD. The 35% HP affected the topography of Lava Ultimate and Vita Suprinity and was the safest bleaching protocol for the other materials, regardless of number of sessions. The 10% CP affected both roughness and microhardness of the materials most adversely and, together with the combined protocol, caused topographic changes to all materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"491-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145725073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Changes Associated with Overhanging Restorations via Fractal Analysis.","authors":"D Yüksel, N Tekçe, A Kuran","doi":"10.2341/24-108-C","DOIUrl":"10.2341/24-108-C","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is limited information in the literature regarding when overhanging restorations should be replaced, and the topic remains underexplored. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate, using fractal analysis, whether overhanging restorations cause microtrabecular alterations in the adjacent alveolar bone even in the absence of radiographically visible changes, and to evaluate whether the size of the overhang contributes to the extent of these bone changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In periapical radiographic images of 85 individuals with overhanging restorations, regions of interest (ROIs) were selected from the interdental trabecular bone adjacent to the overhanging edge and the normal side of the same tooth. Fractal dimension (FD) values were obtained using the box-counting method developed by White and Rudolph, implemented with ImageJ software version 1.52 (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Compliance with the normal distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The relationship between FD values was assessed using the paired two-sample t-test and expressed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The angle between the lines drawn from the cementoenamel junction of the tooth to the mesio-distal extreme point of the overhanging restoration and the contact point with the adjacent tooth was determined. The effect the of overhanging restoration angle on FD value was analyzed using linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overhanging restorations were most commonly found in the maxillary molar regions and in disto-oclusal cavity types. The FD obtained on the overhang side was 0.99 ± 0.06, and the FD obtained on the control side was 1.04 ± 0.06. When FD on the overhang side and FD on the control side were compared using the dependent t-test, the difference between them was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The effect of angle on the FD ratio was evaluated using linear regression analysis, and no significant result was found (F = 0.072, p = 0.789).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results of this study, overhanging restorations can cause radiographically undetectable alveolar bone loss, and this effect can be demonstrated using fractal analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19502,"journal":{"name":"Operative dentistry","volume":"50 5","pages":"466-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}