npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第9页

Warming triggers snowfall fraction loss Thresholds in High-Mountain Asia

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00935-y

Yupeng Li, Yaning Chen, Fan Sun, Zhi Li, Gonghuan Fang, Weili Duan, Xueqi Zhang, Baofu Li

{"title":"Warming triggers snowfall fraction loss Thresholds in High-Mountain Asia","authors":"Yupeng Li, Yaning Chen, Fan Sun, Zhi Li, Gonghuan Fang, Weili Duan, Xueqi Zhang, Baofu Li","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00935-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00935-y","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming is accelerating climate disasters by triggering tipping points in various Earth systems. Although changes in precipitation patterns in High-Mountain Asia (HMA) have been extensively studied, the specific thresholds that trigger rapid snowfall loss remain unclear. A continuous piecewise linear regression model was employed to classify HMA into four distinct precipitation regimes: insensitive snowfall-dominated areas, sensitive snowfall-dominated areas, sensitive rainfall-dominated areas, and insensitive rainfall-dominated areas. Our results show that future warming will increase the sensitivity of winter and spring snowfall to climate change, whereas summer and autumn snowfall will become less sensitive. All four precipitation regimes exhibit an upward shift to higher elevations, with varying rates of elevation gain across regions and seasons. Temperature is the primary driver of snowfall loss, whereas relative humidity mitigates it. This study identifies high-risk areas vulnerable to snowfall loss, to help guide the development of effective mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"13 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More autumn tropical cyclone genesis in the South China Sea during El Niño to La Niña transition

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00947-8

Lixia Pan, Jiepeng Chen, Xin Wang, Haigang Zhan, Wen Zhou, Johnny C. L. Chan

引用次数: 0

Dipolar hydroclimate pattern changes in southwest China during the last deglaciation

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00940-1

Gang Xue, Yanhong Zheng, Shouyi Huang, Guangming Meng, Mei He, Yajie Wei, Ruoxin Li, Youfeng Ning, John Dodson, Hai Cheng, Yanjun Cai

{"title":"Dipolar hydroclimate pattern changes in southwest China during the last deglaciation","authors":"Gang Xue, Yanhong Zheng, Shouyi Huang, Guangming Meng, Mei He, Yajie Wei, Ruoxin Li, Youfeng Ning, John Dodson, Hai Cheng, Yanjun Cai","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00940-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00940-1","url":null,"abstract":"Deciphering the driving forces behind spatial heterogeneity of regional hydroclimate changes is significant for developing strategies for water management. This study presents speleothem δ18O, δ13C and Mg/Ca records spanning the last deglaciation from Yingpan Cave, northeastern Yunnan in southwestern China. Speleothem δ13C and Mg/Ca indicate a gradual drying trend in northeastern Yunnan, aligning well with the variations in central China but contrasting with those of central-southern Yunnan. We propose that a decreased zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in tropical Pacific (El Niño-like) shifted the West Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) southwestward, leading to wetter conditions in northeastern Yunnan. Meanwhile, decreased precipitation in central-southern Yunnan was driven by weakened Indian summer monsoon rainfall associated with El Niño-like conditions, creating a dipolar hydrological pattern in Southwest China. Our results indicate that the spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimate can be modulated by the same triggers but have different processes and mechanisms and hence responses.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global PM2.5 exposures and inequalities

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00941-0

Chenyang Xu, Kaiming Xia, Zhehan Huang, John J. Qu, Ashbindu Singh, Ziqian Ye, Qingquan Li, Jizhe Xia

引用次数: 0

How much do atmospheric depressions and Mongolian cyclones contribute to spring dust activities in East Asia?

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00929-w

Feifei Mu, Stephanie Fiedler

引用次数: 0

Evolution of atmospheric high-molecular-weight Organonitrates (HMW ONs) in urban Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China 中国长江三角洲（YRD）城市地区大气中高分子量有机硝酸盐（HMW ONs）的演变情况

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00928-x

Yang Du, Hanxiong Che, Zier Bao, Yiliang Liu, Qing Li, Miao Hu, Jiawei Zhou, Shumin Zhang, Xiaojiang Yao, Quan Shi, Chunmao Chen, Yan Han, Lingshuo Meng, Xin Long, Xin Qi, Chen He, Yang Chen

{"title":"Evolution of atmospheric high-molecular-weight Organonitrates (HMW ONs) in urban Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China","authors":"Yang Du, Hanxiong Che, Zier Bao, Yiliang Liu, Qing Li, Miao Hu, Jiawei Zhou, Shumin Zhang, Xiaojiang Yao, Quan Shi, Chunmao Chen, Yan Han, Lingshuo Meng, Xin Long, Xin Qi, Chen He, Yang Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00928-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00928-x","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to investigate the characterization of aerosol organonitrates (ONs). ONs featured high-molecular-weight (HMW), high unsaturation, and high functionalization. Under high air pollution events, the number of N1Ox class ONs composed of aliphatic and aromatic compounds increased with high levels of oxidation. In the daytime, highly unsaturated aliphatic-ONs were continuously produced. In the nighttime, the atmospheric oxidation of NO3 radicals promoted ONs. N2Ox class ONs were mainly comprised of multi-generation oxidated aliphatic compounds with high unsaturation. Most of the N2Ox-ONs were from cooking. Biomass burning also played an indelible role in the formation of ONs. In the daytime, atmospheric photodegradation led to the removal of the HMW ONs, especially aliphatic ONs. During nighttime, the NO3 oxidation radicals inhibited the generation of ONs, especially anthropogenic ONs. This study improves the understanding of the source, formation, and evolution of HMW ONs under the demand for continuous PM mitigation.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation mechanisms of the Central and Eastern Atlantic Niño

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00938-9

Heng Liu, Lei Zhang, Antonietta Capotondi, Xin Wang, Hanjie Fan, Baiyang Chen

{"title":"Formation mechanisms of the Central and Eastern Atlantic Niño","authors":"Heng Liu, Lei Zhang, Antonietta Capotondi, Xin Wang, Hanjie Fan, Baiyang Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00938-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00938-9","url":null,"abstract":"Atlantic Niño is the dominant mode of interannual climate variability of the tropical Atlantic, prominently influencing climate conditions over local and remote regions. A recent study has identified two types of Atlantic Niño–central and eastern Atlantic Niño (CAN and EAN), with warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies centered in the central and eastern basins, respectively. Here we investigate their formation mechanisms by performing a mixed layer heat budget analysis and conducting numerical experiments. Results show that the development of both types is contributed by upper-ocean vertical processes caused by westerly wind anomalies. Furthermore, anomalous horizontal advection also plays an important role but is associated with distinct physical processes in the CAN and EAN. The difference is related to the climatological distribution of tropical Atlantic SST, exhibiting two warm centers located in the southwest and northeast tropical basins during boreal spring. Consequently, eastward current anomalies during Atlantic Niño cause warming only in the western-central equatorial Atlantic south of the equator, contributing to the formation of CAN. In contrast, Ekman convergence anomalies cause SST warming in the southwest and northeast equatorial Atlantic during CAN and EAN, respectively, favoring both types. We further analyze initiation mechanisms for the two Atlantic Niño types and find that CAN and EAN are triggered by the subtropical South Atlantic warming and oceanic Kelvin waves, respectively. These results suggest that the two Atlantic Niño types are associated with distinct physical drivers.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decreasing aerosols increase the European summer diurnal temperature range

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00922-3

Carla M. Roesch, Emilie Fons, Andrew P. Ballinger, Jakob Runge, Gabriele C. Hegerl

引用次数: 0

Emergent constraints indicate slower increases in future global evapotranspiration

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00932-1

Yuanfang Chai, Yao Yue, Louise Slater, Chiyuan Miao

{"title":"Emergent constraints indicate slower increases in future global evapotranspiration","authors":"Yuanfang Chai, Yao Yue, Louise Slater, Chiyuan Miao","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00932-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00932-1","url":null,"abstract":"Projections of global terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) are plagued by sizeable uncertainties. Here, we uncover bivariate emergent constraint relationships between projected global ET trends (2015–2100) and historical vapour pressure deficit (VPD) trends (1980–2014) under the low emission scenario of SSP126 when water supply is sufficient, and with historical precipitation trends under the high emission scenarios of SSP370 and SSP585 when water availability is limited, across 28 CMIP6 models. Combining multiple observational datasets into a Hierarchical Emergent Constraint framework, we find the raw CMIP6 models overestimate future annual ET growth rates. The original projections of 0.233 ± 0.107 mm year−1 (SSP126), 0.360 ± 0.244 mm year−1 (SSP370) and 0.506 ± 0.365 mm year−1 (SSP585) are adjusted downwards to 0.193 ± 0.074 mm year−1, 0.272 ± 0.184 mm year−1 and 0.391 ± 0.299 mm year−1. The revised projection uncertainties are reduced by 18.1–31.1%. These findings highlight the value of incorporating observational constraints to improve the reliability of ET projections, which are critical for understanding the future global water cycle.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbonate radical ion as a key driver of rapid atmospheric sulfate formation

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00905-4

Yangyang Liu, Xiao Li, Qiuyue Ge, Xiaozhong Fang, Tao Wang, Wenbo You, Wei Wang, Lifang Xie, Kejian Li, Kedong Gong, Le Yang, Runbo Wang, Jilun Wang, Licheng Wang, Minglu Ma, Tingting Huang, Hongbo Fu, Jianmin Chen, Xinyi Dong, Liwu Zhang

{"title":"Carbonate radical ion as a key driver of rapid atmospheric sulfate formation","authors":"Yangyang Liu, Xiao Li, Qiuyue Ge, Xiaozhong Fang, Tao Wang, Wenbo You, Wei Wang, Lifang Xie, Kejian Li, Kedong Gong, Le Yang, Runbo Wang, Jilun Wang, Licheng Wang, Minglu Ma, Tingting Huang, Hongbo Fu, Jianmin Chen, Xinyi Dong, Liwu Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00905-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00905-4","url":null,"abstract":"Carbonate radical anion (({{rm{CO}}}_{{3}^{.-}})) is generally considered as a marginal intermediate that rarely regulates atmospheric-relevant reactions of significance. Unexpectedly, in this work, employing a suit of the in-field measurements, lab-based validations, improved kinetic numerical calculations, and chemical transport modeling, we demonstrate that ({{rm{CO}}}_{{3}^{.-}}) gives a significantly overlooked contribution (~54.4%) to overall secondary sulfate formation during dust storm-relevant episodes and ~236.3% increase of SO2 uptake over mineral dust pathway during haze-relevant periods. GEOS-Chem modeling results further emphasize the important position of this radical ion in dust-driven SO2 oxidation chemistry. Our finding leaves this active intermediate no longer a marginal oxidant currently prevailing in the framework of the atmospheric science community. More importantly, after considering this rapid dust-driven sulfate formation channel mediated by carbonate radicals during pollution episodes, this study provides a clear indication that high priority should be given to reducing alkaline soil dust emissions to achieve benefits for air quality.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0