npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第9页

Mechanisms and quantification: How anthropogenic aerosols weaken the East Asian summer monsoon 机制和量化：人为气溶胶如何削弱东亚夏季风

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00903-6

Yiwen Lang, Jing Zhang, Jin Zhao, Yuhang Gong, Tian Han, Xiaoqing Deng, Yuqing Liu

引用次数: 0

Future large-scale atmospheric circulation changes and Greenland precipitation 未来大尺度大气环流变化与格陵兰降水

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00899-z

Baojuan Huai, Minghu Ding, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Carleen H. Reijmer, Brice Noël, Weijun Sun, Yetang Wang

{"title":"Future large-scale atmospheric circulation changes and Greenland precipitation","authors":"Baojuan Huai, Minghu Ding, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Carleen H. Reijmer, Brice Noël, Weijun Sun, Yetang Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00899-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00899-z","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we examine connections between patterns of future Greenland precipitation and large-scale atmospheric circulation changes over the Northern Hemisphere. In the last three decades of the 21st century, CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensemble mean precipitation significantly decreases over the northern part of the North Atlantic Ocean with respect to 1951–1980. This drying signal extends from the ocean to the southeastern margin of Greenland. The 500 hPa geopotential height change shows a clear pattern including a widespread increase across the Arctic with a negative anomaly centered over Iceland and surrounding regions. To identify the mechanisms linking atmospheric circulation variability with Greenland precipitation, we perform a singular value decomposition (SVD) and center of action (COA) analysis. We find that a northeastward shift of the Icelandic Low (IL) under the SSP5‐8.5 warming scenario leads to the drying signal found in southeast Greenland. This implies that the IL location will have a strong influence on precipitation changes over southeast Greenland in the future, impacting projections of Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regional-specific trends of PM2.5 and O3 temperature sensitivity in the United States 美国PM2.5和O3温度敏感性的区域特定趋势

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00862-4

Lifei Yin, Bin Bai, Bingqing Zhang, Qiao Zhu, Qian Di, Weeberb J. Requia, Joel D. Schwartz, Liuhua Shi, Pengfei Liu

{"title":"Regional-specific trends of PM2.5 and O3 temperature sensitivity in the United States","authors":"Lifei Yin, Bin Bai, Bingqing Zhang, Qiao Zhu, Qian Di, Weeberb J. Requia, Joel D. Schwartz, Liuhua Shi, Pengfei Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00862-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00862-4","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change poses direct and indirect threats to public health, including exacerbating air pollution. However, the influence of rising temperature on air quality remains highly uncertain in the United States, particularly under rapid reduction in anthropogenic emissions. Here, we examined the sensitivity of surface-level fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) to summer temperature anomalies in the contiguous US as well as their decadal changes using high-resolution datasets generated by machine learning. Our findings demonstrate that in the eastern US, stringent emission control strategies have significantly reduced the positive responses of PM2.5 and O3 to summer temperature, thereby lowering the population exposure associated with warming-induced air quality deterioration. In contrast, PM2.5 in the western US became more sensitive to temperature, highlighting the urgent need to manage and mitigate the impact of worsening wildfires. Our results have important implications for air quality management and risk assessments of future climate change.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increasing temporal stability of global tropical cyclone precipitation 增加全球热带气旋降水的时间稳定性

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00896-2

E Deng, Qian Xiang, Johnny C. L. Chan, Yue Dong, Shifei Tu, Pak-Wai Chan, Yi-Qing Ni

引用次数: 0

Cloud microphysical response to entrainment of dry air containing aerosols 云微物理对含气溶胶的干燥空气夹带的响应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00889-7

Jae Min Yeom, Hamed Fahandezh Sadi, Jesse C. Anderson, Fan Yang, Will Cantrell, Raymond A. Shaw

{"title":"Cloud microphysical response to entrainment of dry air containing aerosols","authors":"Jae Min Yeom, Hamed Fahandezh Sadi, Jesse C. Anderson, Fan Yang, Will Cantrell, Raymond A. Shaw","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00889-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00889-7","url":null,"abstract":"Impacts of aerosol particles on clouds, precipitation, and climate remain one of the significant uncertainties in climate change. Aerosol particles entrained at cloud top and edge can affect cloud microphysical and macrophysical properties, but the process is still poorly understood. Here we investigate the cloud microphysical responses to the entrainment of aerosol-laden air in the Pi convection-cloud chamber. Results show that cloud droplet number concentration increases and mean radius of droplets decreases, which leads to narrower droplet size distribution and smaller relative dispersion. These behaviors are generally consistent with the scenario expected from the first aerosol-cloud indirect effect for a constant liquid water content (L). However, L increases significantly in these experiments. Such enhancement of L can be understood as suppression of droplet sedimentation removal due to small droplets. Further, an increase in aerosol concentration from entrainment reduces the effective radius and ultimately increases cloud optical thickness and cloud albedo, making the clouds brighter. These findings are of relevance to the entrainment interface at stratocumulus cloud top, where modeling studies have suggested sedimentation plays a strong role in regulating L. Therefore, the results provide insights into the impacts of entrainment of aerosol-laden air on cloud, precipitation, and climate.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A modified transformer model for the extended-range forecast of intraseasonal oscillation 一种改进的变压器季节内振荡大范围预报模型

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00902-7

Chuhan Lu, Yichen Shen, Zhaoyong Guan

{"title":"A modified transformer model for the extended-range forecast of intraseasonal oscillation","authors":"Chuhan Lu, Yichen Shen, Zhaoyong Guan","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00902-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00902-7","url":null,"abstract":"Extended-range forecast has long maintained a difficult point for the seamless forecast system due to the lack of predictability, with intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), an important signal in many high-impact weather events, being an important source of that. To improve the accuracy of ISO extended-range forecast and make up the gaps in previous researches in this regard, a data-driven model ISOX is proposed for the intraseasonal components of atmospheric fields. Compared with the subseasonal forecast results from climate forecast system (CFS), and the climatological forecast, ISOX achieves higher accuracy for lead times longer than 13 days, with few spatial or temporal weak points. It also performed better in predicting the positive 2 m temperature ISO and lower tropospheric conditions in a heatwave event, surpassing CFS for lead times longer than 13 days. Finally, through gradient evaluation, the model is proved to be able to study the ISO signal movements of atmospheric systems. Thus, the success of this model may shed light on improving extended-range forecast skills and assist the timely detection and prevention of possible meteorological disasters.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classifying synoptic patterns driving tornadic storms and associated spatial trends in the United States 分类天气模式驱动龙卷风风暴和相关的空间趋势在美国

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00897-1

Qin Jiang, Daniel T. Dawson II, Funing Li, Daniel R. Chavas

{"title":"Classifying synoptic patterns driving tornadic storms and associated spatial trends in the United States","authors":"Qin Jiang, Daniel T. Dawson II, Funing Li, Daniel R. Chavas","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00897-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00897-1","url":null,"abstract":"Severe convective storms and tornadoes rank among nature’s most hazardous phenomena, inflicting significant property damage and casualties. Near-surface weather conditions are closely governed by large-scale synoptic patterns. It is crucial to delve into the involved multiscale associations to understand tornado potential in response to climate change. Using clustering analysis, this study unveils that leading synoptic patterns driving tornadic storms and associated spatial trends are distinguishable across geographic regions in the U.S. Synoptic patterns with intense forcing featured by intense upper-level eddy kinetic energy and a dense distribution of Z500 fields dominate the increasing trend in tornado frequency in the southeast U.S., generating more tornadoes per event. Conversely, the decreasing trend noted in certain regions of the central Great Plains is associated with weak upper-level synoptic forcing. These findings offer an explanation of observational changes in tornado occurrences, suggesting that the physical mechanisms driving those changes differ across regions.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of high atmospheric and soil dryness on record-breaking decreases in vegetation productivity over Southwest China in 2023 2023年大气和土壤高度干燥对西南植被生产力破纪录下降的协同效应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00895-3

Zhikai Wang, Wen Chen, Jinling Piao, Qingyu Cai, Shangfeng Chen, Xu Xue, Tianjiao Ma

{"title":"Synergistic effects of high atmospheric and soil dryness on record-breaking decreases in vegetation productivity over Southwest China in 2023","authors":"Zhikai Wang, Wen Chen, Jinling Piao, Qingyu Cai, Shangfeng Chen, Xu Xue, Tianjiao Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00895-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00895-3","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme climate events have increasingly threatened global terrestrial ecosystems in recent decades. In spring 2023, Southwest China (SWC) experienced unprecedented heatwaves and droughts. Using multiple satellite-based datasets, we found that these events led to the most significant declines in gross primary productivity (GPP) and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) for the past two decades, with lagged effects persisting until August in the drought-affected area. Unlike the widespread and persistent drought of 2010, the record-breaking heatwaves in April and May 2023 sustained and intensified the drought stress. Elevated temperatures and suppressed precipitation, driven by anomalous atmospheric circulations, exacerbated the soil moisture (SM) shortages and increased the atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD), restricting water availability and carbon uptake for vegetation photosynthesis. Our findings reveal that, during the 2023 extreme event in SWC, the decreases in forest productivity were primarily driven by low SM anomalies, while the decreases in the grassland and cropland productivity mainly resulted from abnormally high VPDs. This study highlights the combined effects of low SM and high VPD anomalies caused by a compound heatwave–drought event on vegetation growth in SWC and provides valuable insights for future assessments of regional extreme climate events on vegetation growth.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulated Antarctic sea ice expansion reconciles climate model with observation 模拟的南极海冰扩张使气候模式与观测相符

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00881-1

Wei Liu

引用次数: 0

South Asian Summer Monsoon under stratospheric aerosol intervention 平流层气溶胶干预下的南亚夏季风

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00875-z

A. Asutosh, Simone Tilmes, Ewa M. Bednarz, Suvarna Fadnavis

引用次数: 0