Obesity Facts最新文献

{"title":"The Association between a Recorded Diagnosis of Obesity and Clinically Significant Weight Loss in the Primary Care Setting: A Nationwide Registry.","authors":"Michal Kasher Meron, Nira Koren-Morag, Dan Oieru","doi":"10.1159/000542080","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Overweight and obesity (OW/OB) are underdiagnosed. The primary aim was to assess whether a diagnosis of OW/OB recorded by a primary care physician (PCP) is associated with clinically significant weight loss, compared to a missed diagnosis. The secondary aim was to investigate the association between OW/OB diagnosis and patient attendance at dietary consultations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted using a nationwide healthcare database. The study included a random sample of 200,000 adults with BMI ≥25 kg/m2, recorded on a primary care visit, between 2014 and 2020. Patients with prior diagnosis of OW/OB or obesity-related complications were excluded. The independent variable was OW/OB diagnosis recorded by the PCP immediately after BMI measurement. The outcome variable was ≥5% weight loss at a second weight measurement within 9-15 months. Multivariate regression analysis was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 200,000 people with OW/OB, 36,033 (18.0%) had a diagnosis of OW/OB, and 37,368 (18.7%) had a second body weight measurement, of which 7,635 (20.4%) lost ≥5% of their baseline body weight. The prescription rate of anti-obesity medication was 1.2% and did not differ between patients who achieved weight loss and those who did not. Those with a recorded diagnosis were 2.6 times more likely to visit a dietitian (odds ratio [OR] 2.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.56-2.64) and 2.5 times more likely to achieve weight loss (OR 2.53, 95% CI: 2.46-2.60). After adjusting for multiple confounders, including attendance at dietary consultation, people who received OW/OB diagnosis were 32% more likely to achieve weight loss (OR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.28-1.36, p < 0.001) compared to people with missed diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recording a diagnosis of obesity among relatively healthy people is associated with clinically significant weight loss at 1-year follow-up, independent of attendance at dietary consultation. Early obesity diagnosis is a significant opportunity to promote weight loss in the primary care setting and may affect weight trajectory.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Depression 3 Years before and 3 Years after Obesity Surgery: Sex-Stratified Case-Control Study Using German Health Insurance Claims Data between 2009 and 2015.","authors":"Jelena Epping, Astrid Müller, Lieselotte Mond, Martina de Zwaan","doi":"10.1159/000543407","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity shows significant association with depression, elevating morbidity burden. Obesity surgery (OS) has been proven as an effective therapy, reducing weight as well as depression prevalence rates, though the latter decrease appears to be unstable over time. For a better interpretation of the time trend, data on depression prevalence in OS patients for the period before the surgery are needed. Furthermore, sex-stratified analyses can reveal potentials for improvements in mental health care in OS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Claims data from a German statutory health insurance provider were used for the estimation of depression prevalence in patients who underwent obesity surgery in 2012 (n = 340) and controls with (CGO) and without a diagnosis of obesity (CG; n = 1,700 each). The controls were matched to OS patients regarding sex, age, and insurance type. Sex-stratified depression prevalence was calculated between 2009 and 2015.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, depression rates were higher in women than in men and increased from 2009 to 2015. Depression prevalence rates differed significantly between female OS patients and controls in every year analyzed, e.g., in 2012: 39.4% in OS (95% CI: 33.4%-45.5%) vs. 19.8% in CGO (17.6%-22.0%) and 15.4% in CG (13.4%-17.4%). In men, no significant differences between OS patients and controls could be observed at any time. After OS, depression prevalence rates dropped in women, then gradually increased until 2015. Also, in male OS patients, depression prevalence decreased in the year after OS and increased in the following years. In both sexes, the prevalence rates in 2015 did not significantly differ from the rates in 2012 (year of OS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found a decrease in depression prevalence rates in the first year after OS in both sexes, followed by an increase in the subsequent 2 years. OS appears to have a short-term effect on the prevalence rates of depression followed by a subsequent increase paralleling the increase over time found in the non-OS control groups. Due to the sex-stratified approach, differential results in the comparison of depression prevalence between OS patients and controls became apparent. Depression prevalence was significantly increased 3 years before and after OS compared to controls in women, but not in men. Measures to perpetuate the decrease in depression prevalence rates after OS should be implemented during post-operative treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"227-235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic and Demographic Inequalities in Off-Label Prescription of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A Swedish Descriptive Cohort Study.","authors":"Laura Pazzagli, Ylva Trolle Lagerros","doi":"10.1159/000542682","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Sweden, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are subsidized for diabetes indication but not for obesity. Unregulated off-label prescription of GLP-1 receptor agonists for obesity treatment may raise concerns about potential inequalities for both patient groups. This study aimed to describe socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of on- and off-label users of GLP-1 receptor agonists in persons without a diagnosis of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a Swedish descriptive register-based cohort study of persons who filled a prescription of a GLP-1 receptor agonist at least once during 2018-2022. Individuals were excluded from the study population if they had a diagnosis of diabetes or previous prescription fills of insulin/analogs at any time prior to the first filled prescription of a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were described overall and stratified by sex and prior use of anti-obesity medications. Off-label use was defined by filled prescriptions of GLP-1 receptor agonists which are indicated for diabetes treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 16,436 individuals, of which 70.1% were women, 30.7% had previously filled a prescription of anti-obesity medications, and 65.3% had Sweden as country of origin and 17.2% an Asian country. In the analyses stratified by sex, women were more likely to have an education longer than 9 years (84.8% vs. 78.3% in men). Nonetheless, women had lower annual individual (2,891.3 vs. 4,004.9 in men) and family disposable income (5,645.5 vs. 6,092.5 in men). Overall, on-label prescription was higher in women (49.2% vs. 30.9% in men), while off-label was more common among men (69% vs. 51% in women). Trends of GLP-1 users per 1,000 inhabitants showed four-fold variation between counties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High family disposable income and male sex are common among off-label GLP-1 receptor agonist users compared to users of the only on-label GLP-1 receptor agonist available in Sweden during the study period. Large variation between counties indicates different clinical practices and guideline interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge.","authors":"Yael Sofer, Esther Osher, Wiessam Abu Ahmad, Yona Greenman, Yaffa Moshe, Sigal Shaklai, Marianna Yaron, Merav Serebro, Karen Tordjman, Naftali Stern","doi":"10.1159/000543449","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some clinical resemblance may exist between obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and Cushing's syndrome. This has stimulated ongoing interest in the role of cortisol's secretion pattern, control, and metabolism in obesity.</p><p><strong>Goals: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate whether basal and stimulated levels of cortisol differ between healthy people with obesity and individuals with normal weight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total, free, and salivary cortisol was tested at baseline state and after 1 μg ACTH stimulation in 60 healthy subjects with obesity and 54 healthy lean controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline total cortisol was lower in subjects with obesity compared to lean controls (347 [265-452] nmol/L vs. 422 [328-493] nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.05). Similarly, basal salivary cortisol was significantly lower in subjects with obesity (7.5 [5.2-9.7] nmol/L vs. 10.7 [7.5-17.6] nmol/L; p < 0.05). Upon challenge with ACTH, total peak serum and salivary peak cortisol responses were significantly lower in people with obesity than in lean subjects (665.16 ± 151.8 vs. 728.64 ± 124.2 nmol/L; p < 0.05 and 31.66 [19-38.64] vs. 40.05 [31.46-46.64] nmol/L; p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, baseline total cortisol and salivary cortisol were inversely related to BMI (r = -0.24, r = -0.27; p < 0.05 for both) and waist circumference (r = -0.27, r = -0.34; p < 0.05 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline as well as peak stimulated total serum and salivary cortisol were significantly lower in subjects with obesity. It thus appears that obesity is not associated with enhanced basal or ACTH-stimulated cortisol.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"178-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalized Shame in Treatment-Seeking Adults with Obesity Class II-III and Its Association with Quality of Life, Body Image, and Self-Esteem.","authors":"Marcus Lagerström, Per Johnsson, Bengt Orrenius, Kajsa Järvholm, Torsten Olbers, My Engström","doi":"10.1159/000543448","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may be impaired in individuals living with obesity, possibly due to exposure to obesity-related stigma which may in turn activate shame. Few studies have been conducted on shame in relation to obesity and its potential association with other constructs such as HRQoL, self-esteem, and body image. In this study, internalized shame and the potential association with HRQoL, self-esteem, and body image were investigated in treatment-seeking patients with obesity class II-III.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 228 patients referred for obesity treatment at a tertiary clinic in Sweden participated in the study. The cohort was stratified into two groups using a clinical cutoff (≥50) indicating pathological levels of shame as reported on the Internalized Shame Scale (ISS): a high shame group (HSG) and low shame group (LSG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ISS score for the overall cohort was 41.6, with a mean of 28.1 for the LSG and 66.5 for the HSG. Compared to the LSG, the HSG reported a lower quality of life in seven of eight HRQoL domains as well as a lower obesity-specific health-related quality of life. Furthermore, a higher shame score was associated with poorer body image and lower self-esteem.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, these findings indicate that a substantial number of patients with obesity report high internalized shame and that these individuals could benefit from extra support in treatment settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"215-226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Visceral and Lower Peripheral Adiposity Characterize Fat Distribution and Insulin Resistance in Asian Indian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Mauritius.","authors":"Vinaysing Ramessur, Sadhna Hunma, Noorjehan Joonas, Bibi Nasreen Ramessur, Yves Schutz, Jean-Pierre Montani, Abdul Dulloo","doi":"10.1159/000543332","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are controversies about whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) show a disproportionately higher visceral adiposity, and its relevance to their higher cardiometabolic risks. We investigated in women of Asian Indian descent in Mauritius, a population inherently prone to abdominal obesity, whether those with PCOS will show a more adverse cardiometabolic risk profile that could be explained by abnormalities in fat distribution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young women newly diagnosed with PCOS (n = 25) were compared with a reference control cohort (n = 139) for the following measurements made after an overnight fast: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood pressure and blood assays for glycemic (glucose, HbA1c, and insulin) and lipid (triglycerides and cholesterols) profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women with PCOS showed, on average, higher BMI, WC, fat mass and lean mass (p < 0.01) than controls, but linear regression analyses indicate that for the same BMI (or same WC), the two groups showed no significant differences in fat mass and lean mass. By contrast, linear regression plots indicate that for the same total fat mass, women with PCOS showed higher trunk, android, and visceral fat (p < 0.01); no difference in abdominal subcutaneous fat; and lower peripheral (gynoid or limb) fat (p < 0.05). Furthermore, women with PCOS showed higher fasting plasma insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and lower insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI) (all p < 0.001), which were completely or markedly abolished after adjusting for visceral fat or central-to-peripheral fat ratios.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Mauritius, young women of Asian Indian descent with PCOS show altered fat distribution characterized by a disproportionately higher visceral (hazardous) adiposity in parallel to lower peripheral (protective) adiposity, which together explain their exacerbated state of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"236-247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Obesity and Dental Caries in Adults: An Analysis of WHR, and DMFT Score.","authors":"Alaa Jameel Kabbarah, Meyassara Samman, Abdulraheem A Alwafi, Heba Ashi, Layla Waleed Abuljadayel, Lina O Bahanan, Mona T Rajeh, Nada J Farsi","doi":"10.1159/000541899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between obesity and dental caries in adults presents inconsistent findings in current literature, which necessitates further research to clarify this relationship. This study aimed to examine the association between obesity and dental caries in adults using a nationally representative sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed data of US adults aged >20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) pre-pandemic cycle. Obesity was defined using the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Dental caries were assessed using the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were categorized as individuals with obesity based on the WHR (74.5%) or BMI (72.7%). A significant difference in the DMFT scores and missing teeth was observed between individuals with normal weight and individuals with obesity. After adjusting for the sociodemographic variables, individuals with obesity had a 0.11 higher DMFT score (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.01 to 0.23). A significant association was observed between the WHR and DMFT scores when age was excluded from the model, demonstrating a higher coefficient of 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05-0.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A positive association was observed between obesity and dental caries in the US adult population. However, age was found to be a confounding factor in this relationship. This study highlights the relationship between oral and general health, advocating healthcare providers for an integrated health promotion strategy, through comprehensive campaigns addressing obesity, diet, lifestyle, and dental health, aiming for raising awareness and a more effective public health strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Health Expenditures by Body Mass Index Categories and the Economic Impact of Obesity in Türkiye: A Retrospective Modeling Study.","authors":"Ergun Oksuz, Simten Malhan, Halil Alis, Dilek GogasYavuz, Tarkan Karakan, Mehmet Sargin, Alper Sonmez, Lale Tokgozoglu, Batu Gurser, Esra Safak Yilmaz, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk","doi":"10.1159/000542821","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity is considered not only a public health issue on a global scale but also a disease adversely affecting the world economies. Economic impact of overweight and obesity has not yet been investigated in Türkiye at a national level. This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on healthcare costs in Türkiye and to estimate the overall national economic burden of obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on a cross-sectional analysis of retrospectively pooled data from 2009 to 2014 payer claims data and 2014-2019 Türkiye Health Survey (THS). In the first step, obesity-related annual per person overall health expenditures in adults with obesity were calculated and calculations were also made in subgroups of payer and healthcare categories. In the second step, using the developed model, the national economic disease burden of adult obesity was estimated, along with the projections for the estimated expenditures over the next 30 years. Economic values were adjusted according to US dollar values of 2021 purchasing power parities (PPPs) (PPP 1.0 = 2.782 TRY).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The annual healthcare costs were significantly higher in individuals with obesity than in those with normal body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio 1.243; 95% confidence interval: 1.206-1.281), and the cost increment was positively correlated with higher BMI (by 117% in class I obesity vs. 169% in class III obesity, p < 0.001). In the year 2021, obesity-related direct and indirect costs in adults were estimated to be PPP 27.4 billion and 39.5 billion, respectively. The total economic burden was estimated to be PPP 66.9 billion, which is equivalent to 2.6% of gross national product. Direct medical cost of obesity corresponds to 8.4% of total health expenditure in Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obesity is both an individual and social health problem, which emphasizes the potential role of a range of stakeholders, besides the health sector, in addressing this problem. The indirect costs comprise the key cost driver of the total national cost of obesity, which forms the rationale for population-wide policy interventions toward prevention or reduction of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"269-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Perceptions of Preschool Children's Weight Status in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Jingyun Yang, Ludan Zhou, Lingjiao Chen, Yixin Wu, Yun Wang, Hailing Fan, Tao-Hsin Tung, Lizhen Wang, Meixian Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000544074","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Currently, overweight/obesity rates among children are increasing. Moreover, parents generally misunderstand their children's weight status. The correct perception of overweight/obesity in early childhood is very important for children's growth and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate parental perceptions of children's weight status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a questionnaire study conducted among 1,971 preschool children in local kindergartens from December 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022, and classified the participants as having non-overweight and overweight/obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Parents were asked whether they perceived their children to have non-overweight or overweight/obesity. We analyzed the related factors that parents underestimated or overestimated their children's weight status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of overweight/obesity in preschool children was 17.9%. Parental perceptions of children's weight status were inconsistent with children's real weight (kappa = 0.351, p < 0.001). The correctness of mother's perceptions of children's weight was higher than that of father's. Among children who were affected by overweight/obesity, 68.5% of parents underestimated their children's weights. Mothers with overweight/obesity had a 1.56 times greater risk of underestimating the children's weight than mothers who were affected by non-overweight (p = 0.010, odds ratio: 1.56, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-2.18). Children's sex and families with siblings were independent risk factors for parents to overestimate children's weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parents were highly likely to misinterpret the weight status of their children who were affected by overweight/obesity. Mothers with overweight/obesity were more likely to underestimate their children's weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"296-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Stress, Hair Cortisol, and Hair Cortisone in Relation to Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Patients with Obesity.","authors":"Susanne Kuckuck, Robin Lengton, Renate E H Meeusen, Eline S van der Valk, Manon H J Hillegers, Brenda W J H Penninx, Maryam Kavousi, Jenny A Visser, Mariëtte R Boon, Sjoerd A A van den Berg, Elisabeth F C van Rossum","doi":"10.1159/000542079","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stress predicts unhealthy eating, obesity, and metabolic deterioration, likely mediated by altered levels of appetite-regulating hormones. Yet, evidence regarding the association between long-term stress and levels of appetite-regulating hormones in humans is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 65 patients with obesity (44 women) to investigate the cross-sectional association of long-term biological stress (scalp hair cortisol and cortisone) and long-term psychological stress (Perceived Stress Scale) with overnight-fasted serum levels of the hormonal appetite regulators leptin, adiponectin, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, gastric-inhibitory peptide, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine, cholecystokinin and agouti-related protein, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hair cortisone and, in trend, hair cortisol were positively associated with cholecystokinin (p = 0.003 and p = 0.058, respectively). No other associations between stress measures and hormonal appetite regulators were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term biological stress, measured using scalp hair glucocorticoid levels, is associated with elevated levels of circulating cholecystokinin. More research is needed to pinpoint potential effects on appetite.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}