Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3156
Y. Bautista-Martínez, F. Martínez-Castañeda, A. Morales, José Guadalupe Haro, Lorenzo Danilo Granados Rivera
{"title":"Economic analysis of backyard agriculture and livestock farming in semi-urban areas of the central highlands of Mexico","authors":"Y. Bautista-Martínez, F. Martínez-Castañeda, A. Morales, José Guadalupe Haro, Lorenzo Danilo Granados Rivera","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3156","url":null,"abstract":"In the backyard systems in urban and semi-urban areas of the central highlands of Mexico, agriculture and livestock activities are practiced. In order to know the behavior of the economic variables in these farms, a non-probabilistic sampling by quotas was carried out, using the snowball technique, which consisted of applying surveys to a total of 92 producers, which was designed to collect information on the general characteristics of the backyard, social, and economic system, as well as the products generated from agriculture and livestock. With the information collected, an inventory of the plant and animal species that are produced in the backyard system was made, in addition to estimating economic income, variable costs, fixed costs, total costs, profits and the benefit-cost ratio for carrying out livestock activities agriculture or both in backyard systems. It was found that farmers have an average space in the backyard of 360.5 m2 to carry out activities of agriculture, livestock or both. Farmers who carry out agriculture and livestock activities generate higher income and economic profits, compared to those who only carry out one activity, obtaining a benefit of 27.44 cents for each dollar invested, compared to 16.64 and 18.00 cents for developing the activity agriculture and livestock respectively. The agricultural and livestock activity in the backyard systems of the highlands of Mexico, represent an option to generate economic income for families, and generate food products for self-consumption and reduce expenses for food purchases in the family nucleus.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73245697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3171
Manuel Alejandro Ibarra Cisneros, Juan Benito Vela Reyna, Eric Israel Ríos Nequis
{"title":"Capital intelectual y desempeño de la industria restaurantera de Baja California en época de COVID-19","authors":"Manuel Alejandro Ibarra Cisneros, Juan Benito Vela Reyna, Eric Israel Ríos Nequis","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3171","url":null,"abstract":"Las organizaciones implementan medidas para tener un mayor desempeño que les permita ser prósperas y competitivas, una de ellas es el capital intelectual. Sin embargo, ante una crisis co mo la pandemia de COVID-19, la industria restaurantera fue de las más afectadas. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en determinar si el capital intelectual –dividido en capital humano, estructural y relacional- influyó positivamente en el desempeño de la industria restaurantera de Baja California durante la pandemia COVID-19. La investigación es de tipo explicativa y de corte transversal. Se utilizó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales aplicado a 280 restaurantes de Baja California. Se diseñó un cuestionario con respuestas en escala Likert de cinco puntos para medir las cuatro variables de estudio. Se demostró que, durante la pandemia, el capital relacional influyó positivamente sobre el desempeño de los restaurantes. Por su parte, el capital humano y estructural no presentaron ningún grado de significancia. La industria restaurantera no pudo reaccionar ante el azote de la pandemia, por lo que no logró diseñar estrategias para aprovechar el capital humano ni emprendió acciones para fortalecer el estructural. Afortunadamente se centraron en mejorar las relaciones con el cliente buscando satisfacer sus necesidades.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78696855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3184
Said José Abud Russell, Fernando Limón Aguirre, Francisco Guízar Vázquez Jr., Lucio Alberto Pat Fernández
{"title":"Factores que influyen en la sustentabilidad de microempresas mayas de la miel en Campeche, México","authors":"Said José Abud Russell, Fernando Limón Aguirre, Francisco Guízar Vázquez Jr., Lucio Alberto Pat Fernández","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3184","url":null,"abstract":"Apicultores y meliponicultores en comunidades rurales mayas han conformado microempresas como alternativa para mejorar sus condiciones comerciales, en un contexto de mercado dominado por grandes empresas. En este artículo se analizan factores que determinan la sustentabilidad de dos microempresas de la comunidad Tankuché, Campeche, colindante con la reserva de la biosfera Los Petenes, y los beneficios socioambientales que generan. Se empleó el marco de Modos de Vida Sustentables poniendo énfasis en la dimensión cultural. La información se obtuvo mediante estancias de campo, entrevistas en profundidad, una encuesta semiestructurada y acceso a fuentes secundarias. Los hallazgos muestran que la capacitación, la motivación, la cohesión del grupo y la extensión de redes, a la vez que mitigan limitaciones en capitales físico y financiero, son los factores que determinan la permanencia de las microempresas. Asimismo, los emprendimientos, si bien generan ingresos modestos en un contexto de pluriactividad económica-laboral, contribuyen a fortalecer la identidad cultural de sus integrantes, generan satisfacciones y brindan acceso a nuevas oportunidades de vida. El estudio de caso sugiere que es necesario implementar políticas públicas que consideren las particularidades culturales del funcionamiento de las microempresas en contextos rurales, atendiendo a su territorialidad, sus valores y los anhelos de sus integrantes.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76003410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3160
Norma Leticia Ramírez Rosete, María Jesús González González, Rebeca Elena Tapia Carlín
{"title":"Ciudades inteligentes como nuevos desarrollos urbanos: sostenibilidad, conocimiento y comunicación","authors":"Norma Leticia Ramírez Rosete, María Jesús González González, Rebeca Elena Tapia Carlín","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3160","url":null,"abstract":"La demanda acelerada de espacio para los nuevos desarrollos urbanos e industriales ha generado grandes aglomeraciones descontroladas como tejido urbano anónimo o indiferenciado, que al ser procesos urbanos modernos solo saben crecer, pero carecen de “inteligencia” para organizar su desarrollo. De esta manera el ser una Smart City conlleva un coste económico alto, imposible en una economía, donde no se discute el beneficio de una inversión sino la eficacia con la que se genera, para volver a desplazar los recursos a otro punto. La presente investigación desarrolla un análisis acerca de la percepción de alumnos españoles y mexicanos de licenciatura y posgrado, respecto a las características de una smart city, con el objetivo de aportar referentes para nuevos proyectos urbanos y generar cambios en las ciudades actuales, con la finalidad de convertirlas en lugares más humanos, sostenibles e inteligentes.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82668870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3159
Teth Azrael Cortés Aguilar, J. A. Cantoral Ceballos, Adriana Tovar Arriaga
{"title":"sWSN3: A simulation tool for reliability calculation in WSN","authors":"Teth Azrael Cortés Aguilar, J. A. Cantoral Ceballos, Adriana Tovar Arriaga","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3159","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge about the reliability of a wireless sensor network is important in industry. Indeed, in holonic manufacturing, it is convenient to ensure that decisions are made with reliable data. However, experimental evaluation in a real environment is a task that consumes time and financial resources, it also depends on several factors such as the technical characteristics of the transceiver and the location of the nodes. Thus, the use of simulation and calculation software in Industry 4.0 can potentially reduce costs and implementation time significantly, nonetheless some simulators deal with power consumption and network reliability with theoretical models that have limitations for commercial devices. This paper presents the sWSN3 tool that, through an intuitive graphical interface allows placing sensor nodes on the virtual environment of a plant layout and calculates the reliability of a wireless sensor network using parameters such as signal to noise ratio, received packet rate, and battery life time. Results show that sWSN3 can accurately estimate the reliability of a virtual WSN.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91395535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3107
Óscar Sotolongo Costa, Fernando Guzmán Martínez
{"title":"Propagation of SARS-CoV-2 in Cuba. A qualitative viewpoint from the complex systems theory","authors":"Óscar Sotolongo Costa, Fernando Guzmán Martínez","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3107","url":null,"abstract":"We describe some properties of the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic that reveal its behavior as a complex system. The propagation mechanism shows a Poincaré section with fractal dimension 1 < D < 2. The present period of apparent recovery shows a relaxation with non-extensive statistical properties.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86784963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.21640/ns.v15i30.3166
José Luis Arispe Vázquez, Agustín Hernández Juárez, Epifanio Castro del Ángel, L. A. Aguirre Uribe, E. Cerna Chávez, Y. M. Ochoa Fuentes
{"title":"Fusarium species in maize grains and stems (Zea mays L.) from subsistence and commercial systems","authors":"José Luis Arispe Vázquez, Agustín Hernández Juárez, Epifanio Castro del Ángel, L. A. Aguirre Uribe, E. Cerna Chávez, Y. M. Ochoa Fuentes","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3166","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was the morphomolecular identification of species of the genus Fusarium associated with native and commercial maize genotypes in municipalities of Puebla and Morelos, Mexico, as well as to describe the socioeconomic and cultural importance of maize cultivation. Fusarium species were isolated from grains and stem cuttings with purple, brown, and dark brown pigmentations. They were identified morphomolecularly by using taxonomic keys and the Dinocapture 2.0 software, and by DNA extraction by the CTAB method and amplification of the ITS1 and ITS4 region by PCR. Four species were identified: Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium napiforme with an identity greater than 98%. The genotypes with the highest incidence of Fusarium spp. were: Pioneer 30F35 in San Miguel, Teotlalco, Puebla by F. verticillioides (A2). The genotypes with the lowest incidence were: Shark from Tetelilla, Morelos by F. incarnatum (A1), F. verticillioides (A6) and F. napiforme (A7). Maize is the main food in many locations in Mexico, however, due to the high consumption of this grain and its derivatives, as well as the high consumption of meat presumably fed with this grain, it could represent a route of ingestion of mycotoxins.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86557704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biodegradación de colorante triazo Azul Directo 71 por bacterias de sedimentos del género Bacillus","authors":"Alejandro Sergio Cruz Soto, Claudia Carolina Hernández Peña, Edith Flores Tavizón, Luis Gerardo Bernadac Villegas, Marisela Yadira Soto Padilla","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3036","url":null,"abstract":"Los procesos de biorremediación para la degradación de colorantes provenientes de la industria textil han sido de gran interés, debido a su capacidad para descomponer los contaminantes sin generar productos tóxicos. El azul directo 71 contiene tres grupos azoicos N=N y una estructura aromática convirtiéndolo en un compuesto difícil de degradar. Se evalúo el potencial de degradación del colorante Azul Directo 71 por bacterias del género Bacillus. Se utilizaron bacterias aisladas de sedimentos de cuencas hidrológicas, las cuales se les realizó tinción Gram y observación por microscopía electrónica de barrido. La cinética de crecimiento y biodegradación se realizó en caldo nutritivo adicionado con 100 mgL-1 de Azul Directo 71 incubándose a 37°C y 200 rpm por 5 días, se determinó el crecimiento por espectrofotometría a 600 nm y la biodegradación a 575 nm. El análisis filogenético de las cepas bacterianas se realizó amplificando la región del gen rRNA 16S. Se identificaron dos bacterias bacilares Gram positivo. El análisis filogenético identificó a la cepa ANCd110506 como Bacillus anthracis y a la cepa ANHg310511 como Bacillus thuringensis, con un índice de similitud del 97.6 % y 100 %, respectivamente. Bacillus anthracis presentó una biodegradación del 75.5 %, mientras que la cepa Bacillus thuringensis obtuvo una biodegradación del 67.9 % en 120 horas.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83841122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nova ScientiaPub Date : 2022-11-29DOI: 10.21640/ns.v14i29.3180
Dení Stincer Gómez, Zuraya Monroy Nasr, Luis Pérez Álvarez
{"title":"Modelo de Toulmin y estrategias psicodidácticas, facilitadores del pensamiento lógico en la elaboración de tesis","authors":"Dení Stincer Gómez, Zuraya Monroy Nasr, Luis Pérez Álvarez","doi":"10.21640/ns.v14i29.3180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v14i29.3180","url":null,"abstract":"Elaborar una tesis de grado implica ejecutar el pensamiento lógico-argumentativo. En su discurrir aparecen obstáculos ontogenéticos, epistemológicos y psicológicos que lo dificultan. La presente investigación muestra cómo el uso del modelo argumentativo de Toulmin y un conjunto de estrategias psicodidácticas apoyadas en la comprensión de estos obstáculos por parte del docente de talleres de tesis, así como asesores, resultan benéficos para la ejecución exitosa de este tipo de pensamiento. Un análisis cualitativo de las interacciones entre el docente del seminario de tesis y sus estudiantes arroja este conjunto de estrategias las cuales son: 1) estrategias para facilitar el discurrir lógico del pensamiento; 2) estrategias para fortalecer el yo científico, y 3) estrategias para facilitar el acto de la escritura del texto. Para mostrar el beneficio de ambas herramientas se describe el comportamiento de la eficiencia de titulación de ocho generaciones de posgrado en Psicología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (del 2011 al 2019, con un total de 77 estudiantes) que han estado expuesto al método descrito.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80357459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi, inter y transdisciplina, aportes para una mejor interpretación de sus significados","authors":"Gerardo Morales Jasso, Diego Marcel Benítez Ramírez, Silvia Romero Contreras, Idrissa Diédhiou, Graciela Velázquez Delgado, Grecia Castillo López, Karen Mendoza-Pérez, Marcos Algara Siller, Vanesa Olivares Illana","doi":"10.21640/ns.v14i29.3066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v14i29.3066","url":null,"abstract":"Los términos multidisciplina, interdisciplina y transdisciplina son más usados que definidos, lo que genera que sean términos confusos; por lo que requieren ser clarificados. Realizamos un análisis morfológico-semántico para delimitar el significado de los términos estudiados con el apoyo de definiciones de diccionarios en cuatro idiomas. Se apela al significado histórico y filosófico del concepto disciplina y a diversas conceptualizaciones institucionales y académicas de los términos estudiados que se derivan de disciplina. La descripción de prefijos multi-, inter- y trans- y del sufijo -dad, junto con el análisis histórico y filosófico del término disciplina permiten llegar a diferentes tipologías de los conceptos multi, inter y transdisciplina y dar cuenta de su historicidad.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75513156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}